CN102203091B - 具有除草作用的取代吡啶 - Google Patents
具有除草作用的取代吡啶 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102203091B CN102203091B CN200980143313.XA CN200980143313A CN102203091B CN 102203091 B CN102203091 B CN 102203091B CN 200980143313 A CN200980143313 A CN 200980143313A CN 102203091 B CN102203091 B CN 102203091B
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- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 18
- -1 pyridine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphane Chemical compound N.P QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 7
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
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- BACHBFVBHLGWSL-JTQLQIEISA-N rac-diclofop methyl Natural products C1=CC(O[C@@H](C)C(=O)OC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl BACHBFVBHLGWSL-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 6
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- IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tembotrione Chemical compound ClC1=C(COCC(F)(F)F)C(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1C(=O)CCCC1=O IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiencarbazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C)SC=C1C(O)=O GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSKZXGDFSCCXQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiencarbazone-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CSC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N1C(=O)N(C)C(OC)=N1 XSKZXGDFSCCXQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C(SC=C2)C(O)=O)=N1 LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron-methyl Chemical group S1C=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)N=C(C)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N topramezone Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=O)C2=C(N(C)N=C2)O)C=CC(S(C)(=O)=O)=C1C1=NOCC1 IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(N(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006000 trichloroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C(O)=O)=N1 AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004669 very long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/04—Ortho-condensed systems
- C07D491/044—Ortho-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring
- C07D491/052—Ortho-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring the oxygen-containing ring being six-membered
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
公开了式(I)的取代吡啶,其中各变量如说明书中所定义,其可农用盐,制备式(I)的吡啶的方法和中间产物,含有所述吡啶的组合物及其作为除草剂的用途,即防治杂草的用途,以及一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,其中使除草量的至少一种式(I)的吡啶化合物作用于植物、种子和/或其生长地。
Description
本发明涉及式I的取代吡啶或其N-氧化物或可农用盐:
其中各变量具有下列含义:
R1为O-RA、S(O)n-RA或O-S(O)n-RA;
RA为氢、C1-C4烷基、Z-C3-C6环烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C6链烯基、Z-C3-C6环烯基、C2-C6炔基、Z-(三-C1-C4烷基)甲硅烷基、Z-C(=O)-Ra、Z-NRi-C(O)-NRiRii、Z-P(=O)(Ra)2、NRiRii,含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的3-7员单环或9或10员双环饱和、不饱和或芳族杂环,该杂环可以部分或完全被基团Ra和/或Rb取代,
Ra为氢、OH、C1-C8烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、Z-C3-C6环烷基、C2-C8链烯基、Z-C5-C6环烯基、C2-C8炔基、Z-C1-C6烷氧基、Z-C1-C4卤代烷氧基、Z-C3-C8链烯氧基、Z-C3-C8炔氧基、NRiRii、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、Z-(三-C1-C4烷基)甲硅烷基、Z-苯基、Z-苯氧基、Z-苯基氨基或含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5或6员单环或9或10员双环杂环,其中环状基团未被取代或被1、2、3或4个基团Rb取代;
Ri、Rii相互独立地为氢、C1-C8烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C8链烯基、C3-C8炔基、Z-C3-C6环烷基、Z-C1-C8烷氧基、Z-C1-C8卤代烷氧基、Z-C(=O)-Ra、Z-苯基、含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子并且经由Z连接的3-7员单环或9或10员双环饱和、不饱和或芳族杂环;
Ri和Rii与它们所连接的氮原子一起还可以形成含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5或6员单环或9或10员双环杂环;
Z为共价键或C1-C4亚烷基;
n为0、1或2;
R2为苯基、萘基或含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5或6员单环或9或10员双环芳族杂环,其中环状基团未被取代或被1、2、3或4个基团Rb取代;
Rb相互独立地为Z-CN、Z-OH、Z-NO2、Z-卤素、C1-C8烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C2-C8炔基、Z-C1-C8烷氧基、Z-C1-C8卤代烷氧基、Z-C3-C10环烷基、O-Z-C3-C10环烷基、Z-C(=O)-Ra、NRiRii、Z-(三-C1-C4烷基)甲硅烷基、Z-苯基和S(O)nRbb,其中Rbb为C1-C8烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基且n为0、1或2;
Rb与连接于相邻碳原子上的基团Rb一起还可以形成5或6员饱和或部分或完全不饱和环,该环除了碳原子外还可以含有1、2或3个选自O、N和S的杂原子;
X为O、S或N-R3;
R3为氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C3-C6炔基、Z-C3-C10环烷基、C1-C6烷氧基-C1-C6烷基、C1-C6氰基烷基、Z-苯基、Z-C(=O)-Ra2或三-C1-C4烷基甲硅烷基;
Ra2为C1-C6烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、Z-C1-C6烷氧基、Z-C1-C4卤代烷氧基或NRiRii;
Y为O或S;
A、E、G、M为N或C-Rc,这些基团中的一个为N;
Rc为氢或对Rb提到的基团之一;
其中在基团RA、R3及其子取代基中,碳链和/或环状基团可以部分或完全被基团Rb取代。
此外,本发明涉及制备式I的吡啶、其N-氧化物及其可农用盐的方法和中间体,包含它们的活性化合物组合、包含它们的组合物和它们作为除草剂的用途,即在防治有害植物中的用途,以及一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括使除草有效量的至少一种式I的吡啶化合物或I的可农用盐作用于植物、其种子和/或其生长地。
本发明的其他实施方案可以在权利要求书、说明书和实施例中找到。应理解的是本发明主题的上述特征和下文仍要说明的那些不仅可以用于相应的所给组合,而且可以在不背离本发明范围下用于其他组合。
WO 2008/009908和WO 2008/071918描述了除草的吡啶并吡嗪类;然而,它们在低施用率下的除草作用和/或其与农作物的相容性仍有改进的余地。
本发明的目的是提供具有除草作用的化合物。尤其要提供甚至在低施用率下也具有强除草作用的活性化合物,其与农作物的相容性对商业应用而言是足够的。
这些和其他目的由开头所定义的式I化合物及其N-氧化物和可农用盐实现。
本发明化合物可以类似于WO 2008/009908和WO 2008/071918中所述合成途径根据有机化学的标准方法,例如根据下列合成途径制备:
式II的吡啶羧酸可以与式III的羰基化合物反应而得到式IV化合物。在式II和III中,变量具有对式I所给含义。基团Hal为卤原子或另一合适的亲核离去基团,如烷氧基或苯氧基。
该反应通常在-78℃至120℃,优选-20℃至50℃的温度下在惰性有机溶剂中在碱如三乙胺(参见J.Agric.and Food Chem.1994,42(4),1019-1025)、催化剂如二环己基碳二亚胺(参见Egyptian Journal ofChemistry 1994,37(3),273-282)或其他已知偶联剂存在下进行。
合适的溶剂是脂族烃类,如戊烷、己烷、环己烷和石油醚,芳族烃类,如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯,卤代烃类,如二氯甲烷、氯仿和氯苯,醚类,如乙醚、二异丙基醚、叔丁基甲基醚、二烷、茴香醚和四氢呋喃,腈类,如乙腈和丙腈,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二乙基酮和叔丁基甲基酮,以及二甲亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基乙酰胺,特别优选卤代烃类,如二氯甲烷、氯仿和氯苯。还可以使用所述溶剂的混合物。
合适的碱通常为无机化合物,如碱金属和碱土金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氢氧化钙,碱金属和碱土金属氧化物,如氧化锂、氧化钠、氧化钙和氧化镁,碱金属和碱土金属氢化物,如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾和氢化钙,碱金属氨化物,如氨基锂、氨基钠和氨基钾,碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,如碳酸锂、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,还有碱金属碳酸氢盐,如碳酸氢钠,有机金属化合物,尤其是碱金属烷基化物,如甲基锂、丁基锂和苯基锂,烷基卤化镁,如甲基氯化镁,以及碱金属和碱土金属醇盐,如甲醇钠、乙醇钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钾和二甲氧基镁,此外还有有机碱,例如叔胺类,如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、二异丙基乙基胺和N-甲基哌啶,吡啶,取代吡啶,如可力丁、卢剔啶和4-二甲基氨基吡啶,还有双环胺类。特别优选叔胺如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、二异丙基乙基胺。碱通常以催化量使用;然而,它们还可以以等摩尔量、过量使用或合适的话用作溶剂。
原料通常以等摩尔量相互反应。
式IV化合物通过引入离去基团L1而活化。合适的离去基团L1通常为提高羰基的亲电性的基团,例如O-烷基、O-芳基、卤化物、活化的酯或醛(如Weinreb酰胺),尤其是五氟苯氧基。
该反应通常在-78℃至120℃,优选-20℃至50℃的温度下在惰性有机溶剂中在碱如三乙胺(参见J.Agric.and Food Chem.1994,42(4),1019-1025)、催化剂如二环己基碳二亚胺(参见Egyptian Journal ofChemistry 1994,37(3),273-282)或其他已知偶联剂存在下进行。
合适的溶剂是脂族烃类,如戊烷、己烷、环己烷和石油醚,芳族烃类,如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯,卤代烃类,如二氯甲烷、氯仿和氯苯,醚类,如乙醚、二异丙基醚、叔丁基甲基醚、二烷、茴香醚和四氢呋喃,腈类,如乙腈和丙腈,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二乙基酮和叔丁基甲基酮,以及二甲亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基乙酰胺,特别优选二氯甲烷和甲苯。还可以使用所述溶剂的混合物。
合适的碱通常为无机化合物,如碱金属和碱土金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氢氧化钙,碱金属和碱土金属氧化物,如氧化锂、氧化钠、氧化钙和氧化镁,碱金属和碱土金属氢化物,如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾和氢化钙,碱金属氨化物,如氨基锂、氨基钠和氨基钾,碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,如碳酸锂、碳酸钾和碳酸钙,还有碱金属碳酸氢盐,如碳酸氢钠,有机金属化合物,尤其是碱金属烷基化物,如甲基锂、丁基锂和苯基锂,烷基卤化镁,如甲基氯化镁,以及碱金属和碱土金属醇盐,如甲醇钠、乙醇钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钾和二甲氧基镁,此外还有有机碱,例如叔胺类,如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、二异丙基乙基胺和N-甲基哌啶,吡啶,取代吡啶,如可力丁、卢剔啶和4-二甲基氨基吡啶,还有双环胺类。特别优选碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,如碳酸锂、碳酸钾、碳酸钙、碳酸铯和碳酸铷。碱通常以催化量使用;然而,它们还可以以等摩尔量、过量使用或合适的话用作溶剂。
原料通常以等摩尔量相互反应。
合适的试剂H-L1是醇类、任选取代的苯酚、N,O-二烷基羟胺,尤其是五氟苯酚或或N,O-二甲基羟胺。
环化式V化合物得到式I化合物。
该反应通常在-78℃至120℃,优选-20℃至50℃的温度下在惰性有机溶剂中在碱或路易斯酸或催化剂存在下进行[参见Silverman,RichardB.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1981,103(13),3910]。
合适的溶剂是脂族烃类,如戊烷、己烷、环己烷和石油醚,芳族烃类,如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯,卤代烃类,如二氯甲烷、氯仿和氯苯,醚类,如乙醚、二异丙基醚、叔丁基甲基醚、二烷、茴香醚和四氢呋喃,腈类,如乙腈和丙腈,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二乙基酮和叔丁基甲基酮,以及二甲亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基乙酰胺,特别优选乙腈和二甲基甲酰胺。还可以使用所述溶剂的混合物。
合适的碱通常为无机化合物,如碱金属和碱土金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氢氧化钙,碱金属和碱土金属氧化物,如氧化锂、氧化钠、氧化钙和氧化镁,碱金属和碱土金属氢化物,如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾和氢化钙,碱金属氨化物,如氨基锂、氨基钠和氨基钾,碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,如碳酸锂、碳酸钾、碳酸钙、碳酸铯和碳酸铷,还有碱金属碳酸氢盐,如碳酸氢钠,有机金属化合物,尤其是碱金属烷基化物,如甲基锂、丁基锂和苯基锂,烷基卤化镁,如甲基氯化镁,以及碱金属和碱土金属醇盐,如甲醇钠、乙醇钠、乙醇钾、叔丁醇钾和二甲氧基镁,此外还有有机碱,例如叔胺类,如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、二异丙基乙基胺和N-甲基哌啶,吡啶,取代吡啶,如可力丁、卢剔啶和4-二甲基氨基吡啶,还有双环胺类。特别优选碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,如碳酸锂、碳酸钾、碳酸钙、碳酸铯和碳酸铷。
碱通常以催化量使用;然而,它们还可以以等摩尔量、过量使用或合适的话用作溶剂。
原料通常以等摩尔量相互反应。
或者,式I化合物还可以经由反向反应顺序得到,即式II化合物与化合物H-L1反应得到式VI的活化衍生物:
该反应本身在对式IV与H-L1反应所述的条件下进行。
然后可以使式VI化合物与化合物III反应而得到式V的衍生物。
该反应本身在对式II与III反应所述的条件下进行。
反应混合物以常规方式后处理,例如通过与水混合,分离各相并且合适的话层析提纯粗产物。某些中间体和终产物以无色或轻微棕色的粘稠油形式得到,它们在减压和温和升高的温度下提纯或除去挥发性组分。若中间体和终产物以固体得到,则还可以通过重结晶或浸煮进行提纯。
若各化合物I不能通过上述途径得到,则可以通过衍生其他化合物I制备它们。
然而,若合成得到异构体混合物,则通常不一定要求分离,因为在某些情况下各异构体可在为了应用的后处理过程中或在施用过程中(例如在光、酸或碱的作用下)相互转化。该类转化也可以在施用后发生,例如在植物处理的情况下在被处理的植物中或在待防治的有害植物中。
对本发明化合物的取代基所提到的有机结构部分是各基团成员的单独列举的集合性术语。所有烃链,如烷基、卤代烷基、链烯基、炔基以及烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、N-烷基磺酰基氨基、链烯氧基、炔氧基、烷氧基氨基、烷基氨基磺酰基氨基、二烷基氨基磺酰基氨基、链烯基氨基、炔基氨基、N-链烯基-N-烷基氨基、N-炔基-N-烷基氨基、N-烷氧基-N-烷基氨基、N-链烯基-N-烷氧基氨基或N-炔基-N-烷氧基氨基中的烷基结构部分和链烯基结构部分可以是直链或支化的。
前缀Cn-Cm-表示烃单元的相应碳数。除非另有指明,卤代取代基优选带有1-5个相同或不同的卤原子,尤其是氟原子或氯原子。
含义卤素在每种情况下指氟、氯、溴或碘。
其他含义的实例是:
烷基以及例如在烷氧基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、N-烷基磺酰基氨基、烷基氨基磺酰氨基、二烷基氨基磺酰氨基、N-链烯基-N-烷基氨基、N-炔基-N-烷基氨基、N-烷氧基-N-烷基氨基中的烷基结构部分:具有一个或多个碳原子,例如1或2个,1-4个或1-6个碳原子的饱和直链或支化烃基,例如C1-C6烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、己基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基。在本发明的一个实施方案中,烷基表示小烷基,如C1-C4烷基。在本发明的另一实施方案中,烷基表示相对大的烷基,如C5-C6烷基。
卤代烷基:其氢原子部分或完全被卤原子如氟、氯、溴和/或碘替代的上述烷基,例如氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯氟甲基、二氯一氟甲基、一氯二氟甲基、2-氟乙基、2-氯乙基、2-溴乙基、2-碘乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氯-2-氟乙基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙基、2,2-二氯-2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、五氟乙基、2-氟丙基、3-氟丙基、2,2-二氟丙基、2,3-二氟丙基、2-氯丙基、3-氯丙基、2,3-二氯丙基、2-溴丙基、3-溴丙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、3,3,3-三氯丙基、2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙基、七氟丙基、1-(氟甲基)-2-氟乙基、1-(氯甲基)-2-氯乙基、1-(溴甲基)-2-溴乙基、4-氟丁基、4-氯丁基、4-溴丁基和九氟丁基。
环烷基以及例如在环烷氧基或环烷基羰基中的环烷基结构部分:具有3个或更多个碳原子,例如3-6个碳环成员的单环饱和烃基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
链烯基以及例如在链烯基氨基、链烯氧基、N-链烯基-N-烷基氨基、N-链烯基-N-烷氧基氨基中的链烯基结构部分:具有2个或更多个碳原子,例如2-4个、2-6个或3-6个碳原子和在任意位置的双键的单不饱和直链或支化烃基,例如C2-C6链烯基,如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基乙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-甲基-1-丁烯基、2-甲基-1-丁烯基、3-甲基-1-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-丙烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-甲基-1-戊烯基、2-甲基-1-戊烯基、3-甲基-1-戊烯基、4-甲基-1-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-戊烯基、2-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-2-戊烯基、4-甲基-2-戊烯基、1-甲基-3-戊烯基、2-甲基-3-戊烯基、3-甲基-3-戊烯基、4-甲基-3-戊烯基、1-甲基-4-戊烯基、2-甲基-4-戊烯基、3-甲基-4-戊烯基、4-甲基-4-戊烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-1-丁烯基、1-乙基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-3-丁烯基、2-乙基-1-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丁烯基、2-乙基-3-丁烯基、1,1,2-三甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-2-丙烯基。
环烯基:具有3-6个,优选5或6个碳环成员的单环单不饱和烃基,如环戊烯-1-基、环戊烯-3-基、环己烯-1-基、环己烯-3-基、环己烯-4-基。
炔基以及例如在炔氧基、炔基氨基、N-炔基-N-烷基氨基或N-炔基-N-烷氧基氨基中的炔基结构部分:具有2个或更多个碳原子,例如2-4个、2-6个或3-6个碳原子和在任意位置的叁键的直链或支化烃基,例如C2-C6炔基,如乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、1-戊炔基、2-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、4-戊炔基、1-甲基-2-丁炔基、1-甲基-3-丁炔基、2-甲基-3-丁炔基、3-甲基-1-丁炔基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙炔基、1-乙基-2-丙炔基、1-己炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、4-己炔基、5-己炔基、1-甲基-2-戊炔基、1-甲基-3-戊炔基、1-甲基-4-戊炔基、2-甲基-3-戊炔基、2-甲基-4-戊炔基、3-甲基-1-戊炔基、3-甲基-4-戊炔基、4-甲基-1-戊炔基、4-甲基-2-戊炔基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁炔基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁炔基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁炔基、1-乙基-2-丁炔基、1-乙基-3-丁炔基、2-乙基-3-丁炔基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙炔基。
烷氧基:经由氧原子连接的如上所定义的烷基:例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、丁氧基、1-甲基丙氧基、2-甲基丙氧基或1,1-二甲基乙氧基、戊氧基、1-甲基丁氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、3-甲基丁氧基、1,1-二甲基丙氧基、1,2-二甲基丙氧基、2,2-二甲基丙氧基、1-乙基丙氧基、己氧基、1-甲基戊氧基、2-甲基戊氧基、3-甲基戊氧基、4-甲基戊氧基、1,1-二甲基丁氧基、1,2-二甲基丁氧基、1,3-二甲基丁氧基、2,2-二甲基丁氧基、2,3-二甲基丁氧基、3,3-二甲基丁氧基、1-乙基丁氧基、2-乙基丁氧基、1,1,2-三甲基丙氧基、1,2,2-三甲基丙氧基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙氧基或1-乙基-2-甲基丙氧基。
含有1、2、3或4个选自O、N和S的杂原子且可以经由C或N连接的3-7员单环或9或10员双环饱和、不饱和或芳族杂环。其中优选5或6员杂环。
经由N连接的饱和或不饱和杂环基团,如哒嗪-3-基、哒嗪-4-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、吡嗪-2-基、2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、吡唑-1-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、异唑-3-基、异唑-4-基、异唑-5-基、异噻唑-3-基、异噻唑-4-基、异噻唑-5-基、咪唑-1-基、咪唑-2-基、咪唑-4-基、唑-2-基、唑-4-基、唑-5-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-4-基和噻唑-5-基。
经由C连接的杂芳族基团,如吡唑-3-基、咪唑-5-基、唑-2-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-4-基、噻唑-5-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、哒嗪-4-基、吡嗪-2-基、[1H]-四唑-5-基和[2H]-四唑-5-基。
取决于取代方式,式I化合物可以含有一个或多个其他手性中心。因此,本发明化合物可以作为纯对映体或非对映体或对映体或非对映体混合物存在。本发明提供了纯对映体或非对映体及其混合物。
式I化合物还可以以其N-氧化物和/或可农用盐形式存在,盐的类型通常并不重要。合适的盐通常是其阳离子和阴离子分别对化合物I的除草活性没有不利影响的那些阳离子的盐或那些酸的酸加成盐。
合适的阳离子尤其是碱金属的离子,优选锂、钠或钾离子,碱土金属的离子,优选钙或镁离子,以及过渡金属的离子,优选锰、铜、锌或铁离子。可以使用的其他阳离子是其中需要的话1-4个氢原子可以被C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、苯基或苄基替代的铵,优选铵、二甲基铵、二异丙基铵、四甲基铵、四丁基铵、2-(2-羟基乙-1-氧基)乙-1-基铵、二(2-羟基乙-1-基)铵、三甲基苄基铵。另一合适的铵阳离子是通过烷基化或芳基化季化的式I的吡啶氮原子。合适的还有还有离子,锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)锍,或氧化锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)氧化锍。
合适酸加成盐的阴离子主要是氯离子、溴离子、氟离子、硫酸氢根、硫酸根、磷酸二氢根、磷酸氢根、硝酸根、碳酸氢根、碳酸根、六氟硅酸根、六氟磷酸根、苯甲酸根以及C1-C4链烷酸的阴离子,优选甲酸根、乙酸根、丙酸根、丁酸根或三氟乙酸根。
对于各变量,中间体的特别优选实施方案对应于式I的基团的那些。
在特殊实施方案中,式I化合物的各变量具有下列含义,这些含义本身和相互组合为式I化合物的特殊实施方案:
在式I化合物的一个优选实施方案中,A为N且E、G和M为C-Rc。这些化合物对应于式I.1:
其中基团Rc2、Rc3和Rc4各自对应于基团Rc且优选具有下列含义:
Rc2为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H、Br、OH和OCH3;
Rc3为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H;
Rc4为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H。
在式I化合物以及尤其是式I.1的那些的特别优选实施方案中,R1选自OH、OCH3、OC(O)CH3、OC(O)CH2CH3、OC(O)CH(CH3)2、OC(O)C(CH3)3、OC(O)-c-C3H5、OC(O)-C6H5、OC(O)-CH2C6H5、OC(O)CH2Cl、OC(O)-CF3、OC(O)-CH2OCH3、OC(O)-N(CH3)2和OC(O)-OCH2CH3。
在式I化合物以及尤其是式I.1的那些的特别优选实施方案中,R2为被选自如下的基团取代的苯基:2-Br、2-Cl、2,4-Cl2、2-Cl-4-F、2-Cl-5-F、2-Cl-6-F、2-Cl-4-CF3、2-Cl-5-CF3、2-Cl-6-CF3、2-Cl-3,6-F2、2-F、2,4-F2、2,5-F2、2,6-F2、2-F-4-CF3、2-F-5-CF3、2-F-6-CF3、2,3,6-F3、2-NO2、2-NO2-4-F、2-NO2-5-F、2-NO2-6-F、2-NO2-4-CF3、2-NO2-5-CF3、2-NO2-6-CF3、2-NO2-3,6-F2、2-CN、2-CH3、2-CH3-4-F、2-CH3-5-F、2-CH3-6-F、2-CH3-4-CF3、2-CH3-5-CF3、2-CH3-6-CF3、2-CH3-3,6-F2、2-OCH3、2-OCH3-4-F、2-OCH3-5-F、2-OCH3-6-F、2-OCH3-4-CF3、2-OCH3-5-CF3、2-OCH3-6-CF3、2-OCH3-3,6-F2、2-CHF2、2-CHF2-4-F、2-CHF2-5-F、2-CHF2-6-F、2-CHF2-4-CF3、2-CHF2-5-CF3、2-CHF2-6-CF3、2-CHF2-3,6-F2、2-CF3、2-CF3-4-F、2-CF3-5-F、2-CF3-6-F、2-CF3-4-CF3、2-CF3-5-CF3、2-CF3-6-CF3、2-CF3-3,6-F2、2-OCHF2、2-OCHF2-4-F、2-OCHF2-5-F、2-OCHF2-6-F、2-OCHF2-4-CF3、2-OCHF2-5-CF3、2-OCHF2-6-CF3、2-OCHF2-3,6-F2、2-OCF3、2-OCF3-4-F、2-OCF3-5-F、2-OCF3-6-F、2-OCF3-4-CF3、2-OCF3-5-CF3、2-OCF3-6-CF3和2-OCF3-3,6-F2。
在式I化合物以及尤其是式I.1的那些的特别优选实施方案中,X选自氧和硫。
在式I化合物以及尤其是式I.1的那些的特别优选实施方案中,Y选自氧和硫。
在式I化合物的其他实施方案中,A、G和M为C-Rc且E为N。这些化合物对应于式I.2:
其中基团Rc1、Rc3和Rc4各自对应于基团Rc。
在式I化合物的其他实施方案中,A、E和M为C-Rc且G为N。这些化合物对应于式I.3:
其中基团Rc1、Rc2和Rc4各自对应于基团Rc且优选具有下列含义:
Rc1为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基;
Rc2为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H、Br、OH和OCH3;
Rc4为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H、Br、OH和OCH3。
在式I化合物的其他实施方案中,A、E和G为C-Rc且M为N。这些化合物对应于式I.4:
其中基团Rc1、Rc2和Rc3各自对应于基团Rc且优选具有下列含义:
Rc1为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H;
Rc2为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H;
Rc3为H、OH、CN、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基,尤其是H、Br、OH和OCH3。
式I化合物的特别优选方面涉及各自为式I.1-I.14的那些,其中变量具有对式I优选的含义。
在本发明的第一优选实施方案中,R1为O-RA。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,R1为S(O)n-RA,其中n优选为0或2,尤其是2。
在另一优选实施方案中,R1为O-S(O)n-RA,其中n优选为0或2,尤其是2,例如OS(O)2-CH3、OS(O)2-C2H5、OS(O)2-C3H7、OS(O)2-C6H5或OS(O)2-(4-CH3-C6H4)。
在另一优选实施方案中,R1为O-S(O)n-NRiRii,其尤其具有下面作为优选提到的基团NRiRii。
RA尤其为H,C1-C6烷基羰基,如C(O)CH3、C(O)CH2CH3、C(O)CH(CH3)2或C(O)C(CH3)3;C1-C6环烷基羰基,如环丙基羰基、环戊基羰基或环己基羰基;C2-C6链烯基羰基,如C(O)CH=CH2或C(O)CH2CH=CH2,任选取代的苯甲酰基,如C(O)C6H5、C(O)[2-CH3-C6H4]、C(O)[4-CH3-C6H4]、C(O)[2-F-C6H4]、C(O)[4-F-C6H4],或任选取代的杂芳基,如吡啶,其经由羰基连接。特别优选RA为H或C1-C6烷基羰基。
更特别优选RA选自H、OCH3、C(O)CH3、C(O)CH2CH3、C(O)CH(CH3)2、C(O)C(CH3)3、C(O)-c-C3H5、C(O)-C6H5、C(O)-CH2C6H5、C(O)CH2Cl、C(O)CF3、C(O)CH2OCH3、C(O)N(CH3)2和C(O)OCH2CH3。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,RA为NRiRii。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,RA为Z-NRi-C(O)-NRiRii,其中Ri和Rii如开头所定义且优选如下所定义。在其他实施方案中,C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基和C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基,尤其是OCH3、OC2H5、CH2CH2OCH3和CH2CH2Cl对于Ri和Rii相互独立地也是可能的。
Ri和Rii优选为C1-C8烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、Z-C3-C6环烷基、Z-C1-C8烷氧基、Z-C1-C8卤代烷氧基、Z-苯基、Z-C(=O)-Ra或Z-杂芳基。此处优选CH3、C2H5、正丙基、CH(CH3)2、丁基、2-氯乙基、环戊基、环己基、2-乙氧基甲基、2-氯乙氧基、苯基、环未被取代或被取代的嘧啶类或三嗪类。此处优选的取代基是C1-C4烷基羰基或C1-C4卤代烷基羰基,尤其是C(=O)-CH3、C(=O)-C2H5、C(=O)-C3H7、C(=O)-CH(CH3)2、丁基羰基和C(=O)-CH2Cl。基团NRiRii的特别优选方面为N(二-C1-C4烷基),尤其是N(CH3)-C1-C4烷基,如N(CH3)2、N(CH3)CH2CH3、N(CH3)C3H7和N(CH3)CH(CH3)2。
NRiRii的其他特别优选方面是NH-芳基,其中芳基优选为被1-3个相同或不同的卤素、CH3、卤代-C1-C2烷基、卤代-C1-C2烷氧基和羧基取代,尤其是在2和6位取代的苯基,如2-Cl,6-COOH-C6H3、2,6-Cl2-C6H3、2,6-F2-C6H3、2,6-Cl2 3-C6H2、2-CF3,6-CH2CHF2-C6H3、2-CF3,6-OCF3-C6H3和2-CF3,6-CH2CHF2-C6H3。
NRiRii的其他方面是NH-杂芳基,其中杂芳基优选为下列优选杂芳族基团之一,尤其是三嗪基、嘧啶基或三唑并嘧啶基,如[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-2-基,这些基团可以被取代,尤其被C1-C4烷氧基和/或卤素取代。特别优选5,7-二甲氧基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-2-基、5,7-二乙氧基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-2-基、5-氟-7-甲氧基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-2-基和5-氟-7-乙氧基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-2-基。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,RA为任选被如上所定义的Rb取代的5或6员杂环,其优选具有1、2、3或4个氮原子或1个氧或1个硫原子和合适的话1或2个氮原子作为环成员且未被取代或可以具有1或2个选自Rb的取代基。优选经由氮连接的饱和或不饱和基团,例如:杂芳族基团:哒嗪-3-基、哒嗪-4-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、吡嗪-2-基、2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、吡唑-1-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、异唑-3基、异唑-4基、异唑-5-基、异噻唑-3-基、异噻唑-4-基、异噻唑-5-基、咪唑-1-基、咪唑-2-基、咪唑-4-基、唑-2-基、唑-4-基、唑-5-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-4-基和噻唑-5-基;
在另一方面,RA为经由碳连接的杂芳族基团,如吡唑-3-基、咪唑-5-基、唑-2-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-4-基、噻唑-5-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、哒嗪-4-基、吡嗪-2-基、[1H]-四唑-5-基和[2H]-四唑-5-基,其中此处以示例方式提到的杂环各自可以具有1或2个选自Rb的取代基。优选的基团Rb尤其为F、Cl、CN、NO2、CH3、C2H5、OCH3、OC2H5、OCHF2、OCF3和CF3。
在另一优选方面,R2为未被取代或被基团Rb部分或完全取代的苯基。特别优选其中基团Rb位于邻位的化合物。该类式I化合物由式I.A描述:
在式I.A中,指数m为0或1-4的整数,优选0、1或2,尤其是0或1。R5和R6为如开头所定义的基团Rb,尤其选卤素、NO2、C1-C4烷基、C1-C2卤代烷基和C1-C4烷氧基。一个基团R6优选位于5位。3位的基团R6为另一优选实施方案。
特别优选R5为Br、F、NO2、CN、CH3、OCH3、CHF2或OCHF2。R6特别优选为卤素或卤代甲基,如Cl、F或CF3。尤其优选(R6)m选自4-F、5-F、6-F、4-CF3、5-CF3和3,6-F2。
在优选实施方案中,X为O。
在另一实施方案中,X为S。
在另一实施方案中,X为NR3。
在另一优选实施方案中,Y为O。
在另一实施方案中,Y为S。
R3优选为H,C1-C6烷基,如CH3、C2H5、n-C3H7、CH(CH3)2、n-C3H9或C(CH3)3;C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基,如环丙基甲基,C3-C6链烯基,如CH2CH=CH2、CH2C(CH3)=CH2、CH2CH2CH=CH2、CH2CH2C(CH3)-CH2、CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2、CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)=CH2,或任选取代的苯基,如C6H5、4-CH3-C6H4、4-F-C6H4或S(O)n-RN,其中RN为C1-C6卤代烷基,如CH2CF3、CH2CHF2。
另一实施方案涉及式I化合物的N-氧化物。
另一实施方案涉及式I化合物的盐,尤其是可以通过吡啶氮原子的季化得到的那些,所述季化优选通过式I化合物的烷基化或芳基化进行。化合物的优选盐因此是N-烷基盐,尤其是N-甲基盐,以及N-苯基盐。
尤其考虑到它们的用途,优选汇编在下表中的式I化合物,这些化合物对应于式I.1A。此外,对表中取代基提到的基团本身为所述取代基的特别优选方面,与其中提到它们的组合无关。
表1
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m中的指数m为0且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表2
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为4-Cl且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表3
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为3-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表4
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为4-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表5
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为5-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表6
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为6-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表7
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为4-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表8
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为5-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表9
其中X和Y为O,(R6)m为3,6-F2且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表10
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m中的指数m为0且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表11
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为4-Cl且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表12
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为3-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表13
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为4-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表14
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为5-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表15
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为6-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表16
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为4-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表17
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为5-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表18
其中X为O,Y为S,(R6)m为3,6-F2且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表19
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m中的指数m为0且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表20
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为4-Cl且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表21
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为3-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表22
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为4-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表23
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为5-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表24
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为6-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表25
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为4-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表26
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为5-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表27
其中X和Y为S,(R6)m为3,6-F2且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表28
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m中的指数m为0且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表29
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为4-Cl且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表30
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为3-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表31
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为4-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表32
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为5-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表33
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为6-F且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表34
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为4-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表35
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为5-CF3且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表36
其中X为S,Y为O,(R6)m为3,6-F2且R1和R5的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行的式I化合物
表A
对应于式I.1A的式I化合物
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-1 | OH | Br |
A-2 | OCH3 | Br |
A-3 | OC(O)CH3 | Br |
A-4 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | Br |
A-5 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | Br |
A-6 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | Br |
A-7 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | Br |
A-8 | OC(O)-C6H5 | Br |
A-9 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | Br |
A-10 | OC(O)CH2Cl | Br |
A-11 | OC(O)-CF3 | Br |
A-12 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | Br |
A-13 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | Br |
A-14 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | Br |
A-15 | OS(O)2-CH3 | Br |
A-16 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | Br |
A-17 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | Br |
A-18 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | Br |
A-19 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | Br |
A-20 | OS(O)2-T1 | Br |
A-21 | OS(O)2-T2 | Br |
A-22 | OS(O)2-T3 | Br |
A-23 | OS(O)2-T4 | Br |
A-24 | OS(O)2-T5 | Br |
A-25 | OS(O)2-T6 | Br |
A-26 | OS(O)2-T7 | Br |
A-27 | OS(O)2-T8 | Br |
A-28 | OS(O)2-T9 | Br |
A-29 | OS(O)2-T10 | Br |
A-30 | OS(O)2-T11 | Br |
A-31 | OS(O)2-T12 | Br |
A-32 | OH | Cl |
A-33 | OCH3 | Cl |
A-34 | OC(O)CH3 | Cl |
A-35 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | Cl |
A-36 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | Cl |
A-37 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | Cl |
A-38 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | Cl |
A-39 | OC(O)-C6H5 | Cl |
A-40 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | Cl |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-41 | OC(O)CH2Cl | Cl |
A-42 | OC(O)-CF3 | Cl |
A-43 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | Cl |
A-44 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | Cl |
A-45 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | Cl |
A-46 | OS(O)2-CH3 | Cl |
A-47 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | Cl |
A-48 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | Cl |
A-49 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | Cl |
A-50 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | Cl |
A-51 | OS(O)2-T1 | Cl |
A-52 | OS(O)2-T2 | Cl |
A-53 | OS(O)2-T3 | Cl |
A-54 | OS(O)2-T4 | Cl |
A-55 | OS(O)2-T5 | Cl |
A-56 | OS(O)2-T6 | Cl |
A-57 | OS(O)2-T7 | Cl |
A-58 | OS(O)2-T8 | Cl |
A-59 | OS(O)2-T9 | Cl |
A-60 | OS(O)2-T10 | Cl |
A-61 | OS(O)2-T11 | Cl |
A-62 | OS(O)2-T12 | Cl |
A-63 | OH | F |
A-64 | OCH3 | F |
A-65 | OC(O)CH3 | F |
A-66 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | F |
A-67 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | F |
A-68 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | F |
A-69 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | F |
A-70 | OC(O)-C6H5 | F |
A-71 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | F |
A-72 | OC(O)CH2Cl | F |
A-73 | OC(O)-CF3 | F |
A-74 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | F |
A-75 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | F |
A-76 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | F |
A-77 | OS(O)2-CH3 | F |
A-78 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | F |
A-79 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | F |
A-80 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | F |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-81 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | F |
A-82 | OS(O)2-T1 | F |
A-83 | OS(O)2-T2 | F |
A-84 | OS(O)2-T3 | F |
A-85 | OS(O)2-T4 | F |
A-86 | OS(O)2-T5 | F |
A-87 | OS(O)2-T6 | F |
A-88 | OS(O)2-T7 | F |
A-89 | OS(O)2-T8 | F |
A-90 | OS(O)2-T9 | F |
A-91 | OS(O)2-T10 | F |
A-92 | OS(O)2-T11 | F |
A-93 | OS(O)2-T12 | F |
A-94 | OH | NO2 |
A-95 | OCH3 | NO2 |
A-96 | OC(O)CH3 | NO2 |
A-97 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | NO2 |
A-98 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | NO2 |
A-99 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | NO2 |
A-100 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | NO2 |
A-101 | OC(O)-C6H5 | NO2 |
A-102 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | NO2 |
A-103 | OC(O)CH2Cl | NO2 |
A-104 | OC(O)-CF3 | NO2 |
A-105 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | NO2 |
A-106 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | NO2 |
A-107 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | NO2 |
A-108 | OS(O)2-CH3 | NO2 |
A-109 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | NO2 |
A-110 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | NO2 |
A-111 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | NO2 |
A-112 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | NO2 |
A-113 | OS(O)2-T1 | NO2 |
A-114 | OS(O)2-T2 | NO2 |
A-115 | OS(O)2-T3 | NO2 |
A-116 | OS(O)2-T4 | NO2 |
A-117 | OS(O)2-T5 | NO2 |
A-118 | OS(O)2-T6 | NO2 |
A-119 | OS(O)2-T7 | NO2 |
A-120 | OS(O)2-T8 | NO2 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-121 | OS(O)2-T9 | NO2 |
A-122 | OS(O)2-T10 | NO2 |
A-123 | OS(O)2-T11 | NO2 |
A-124 | OS(O)2-T12 | NO2 |
A-125 | OH | CN |
A-126 | OCH3 | CN |
A-127 | OC(O)CH3 | CN |
A-128 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | CN |
A-129 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | CN |
A-130 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | CN |
A-131 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | CN |
A-132 | OC(O)-C6H5 | CN |
A-133 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | CN |
A-134 | OC(O)CH2Cl | CN |
A-135 | OC(O)-CF3 | CN |
A-136 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | CN |
A-137 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | CN |
A-138 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | CN |
A-139 | OS(O)2-CH3 | CN |
A-140 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | CN |
A-141 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | CN |
A-142 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | CN |
A-143 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | CN |
A-144 | OS(O)2-T1 | CN |
A-145 | OS(O)2-T2 | CN |
A-146 | OS(O)2-T3 | CN |
A-147 | OS(O)2-T4 | CN |
A-148 | OS(O)2-T5 | CN |
A-149 | OS(O)2-T6 | CN |
A-150 | OS(O)2-T7 | CN |
A-151 | OS(O)2-T8 | CN |
A-152 | OS(O)2-T9 | CN |
A-153 | OS(O)2-T10 | CN |
A-154 | OS(O)2-T11 | CN |
A-155 | OS(O)2-T12 | CN |
A-156 | OH | CH3 |
A-157 | OCH3 | CH3 |
A-158 | OC(O)CH3 | CH3 |
A-159 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-160 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-161 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | CH3 |
A-162 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | CH3 |
A-163 | OC(O)-C6H5 | CH3 |
A-164 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | CH3 |
A-165 | OC(O)CH2Cl | CH3 |
A-166 | OC(O)-CF3 | CH3 |
A-167 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | CH3 |
A-168 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-169 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | CH3 |
A-170 | OS(O)2-CH3 | CH3 |
A-171 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | CH3 |
A-172 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | CH3 |
A-173 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | CH3 |
A-174 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | CH3 |
A-175 | OS(O)2-T1 | CH3 |
A-176 | OS(O)2-T2 | CH3 |
A-177 | OS(O)2-T3 | CH3 |
A-178 | OS(O)2-T4 | CH3 |
A-179 | OS(O)2-T5 | CH3 |
A-180 | OS(O)2-T6 | CH3 |
A-181 | OS(O)2-T7 | CH3 |
A-182 | OS(O)2-T8 | CH3 |
A-183 | OS(O)2-T9 | CH3 |
A-184 | OS(O)2-T10 | CH3 |
A-185 | OS(O)2-T11 | CH3 |
A-186 | OS(O)2-T12 | CH3 |
A-187 | OH | OCH3 |
A-188 | OCH3 | OCH3 |
A-189 | OC(O)CH3 | OCH3 |
A-190 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | OCH3 |
A-191 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | OCH3 |
A-192 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | OCH3 |
A-193 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | OCH3 |
A-194 | OC(O)-C6H5 | OCH3 |
A-195 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | OCH3 |
A-196 | OC(O)CH2Cl | OCH3 |
A-197 | OC(O)-CF3 | OCH3 |
A-198 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | OCH3 |
A-199 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | OCH3 |
A-200 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | OCH3 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-201 | OS(O)2-CH3 | OCH3 |
A-202 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | OCH3 |
A-203 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | OCH3 |
A-204 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | OCH3 |
A-205 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | OCH3 |
A-206 | OS(O)2-T1 | OCH3 |
A-207 | OS(O)2-T2 | OCH3 |
A-208 | OS(O)2-T3 | OCH3 |
A-209 | OS(O)2-T4 | OCH3 |
A-210 | OS(O)2-T5 | OCH3 |
A-211 | OS(O)2-T6 | OCH3 |
A-212 | OS(O)2-T7 | OCH3 |
A-213 | OS(O)2-T8 | OCH3 |
A-214 | OS(O)2-T9 | OCH3 |
A-215 | OS(O)2-T10 | OCH3 |
A-216 | OS(O)2-T11 | OCH3 |
A-217 | OS(O)2-T12 | OCH3 |
A-218 | OH | CHF2 |
A-219 | OCH3 | CHF2 |
A-220 | OC(O)CH3 | CHF2 |
A-221 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | CHF2 |
A-222 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | CHF2 |
A-223 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | CHF2 |
A-224 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | CHF2 |
A-225 | OC(O)-C6H5 | CHF2 |
A-226 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | CHF2 |
A-227 | OC(O)CH2Cl | CHF2 |
A-228 | OC(O)-CF3 | CHF2 |
A-229 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | CHF2 |
A-230 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | CHF2 |
A-231 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | CHF2 |
A-232 | OS(O)2-CH3 | CHF2 |
A-233 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | CHF2 |
A-234 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | CHF2 |
A-235 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | CHF2 |
A-236 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | CHF2 |
A-237 | OS(O)2-T1 | CHF2 |
A-238 | OS(O)2-T2 | CHF2 |
A-239 | OS(O)2-T3 | CHF2 |
A-240 | OS(O)2-T4 | CHF2 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-241 | OS(O)2-T5 | CHF2 |
A-242 | OS(O)2-T6 | CHF2 |
A-243 | OS(O)2-T7 | CHF2 |
A-244 | OS(O)2-T8 | CHF2 |
A-245 | OS(O)2-T9 | CHF2 |
A-246 | OS(O)2-T10 | CHF2 |
A-247 | OS(O)2-T11 | CHF2 |
A-248 | OS(O)2-T12 | CHF2 |
A-249 | OH | CF3 |
A-250 | OCH3 | CF3 |
A-251 | OC(O)CH3 | CF3 |
A-252 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | CF3 |
A-253 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | CF3 |
A-254 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | CF3 |
A-255 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | CF3 |
A-256 | OC(O)-C6H5 | CF3 |
A-257 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | CF3 |
A-258 | OC(O)CH2Cl | CF3 |
A-259 | OC(O)-CF3 | CF3 |
A-260 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | CF3 |
A-261 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | CF3 |
A-262 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | CF3 |
A-263 | OS(O)2-CH3 | CF3 |
A-264 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | CF3 |
A-265 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | CF3 |
A-266 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | CF3 |
A-267 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | CF3 |
A-268 | OS(O)2-T1 | CF3 |
A-269 | OS(O)2-T2 | CF3 |
A-270 | OS(O)2-T3 | CF3 |
A-271 | OS(O)2-T4 | CF3 |
A-272 | OS(O)2-T5 | CF3 |
A-273 | OS(O)2-T6 | CF3 |
A-274 | OS(O)2-T7 | CF3 |
A-275 | OS(O)2-T8 | CF3 |
A-276 | OS(O)2-T9 | CF3 |
A-277 | OS(O)2-T10 | CF3 |
A-278 | OS(O)2-T11 | CF3 |
A-279 | OS(O)2-T12 | CF3 |
A-280 | OH | OCHF2 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-281 | OCH3 | OCHF2 |
A-282 | OC(O)CH3 | OCHF2 |
A-283 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | OCHF2 |
A-284 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | OCHF2 |
A-285 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | OCHF2 |
A-286 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | OCHF2 |
A-287 | OC(O)-C6H5 | OCHF2 |
A-288 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | OCHF2 |
A-289 | OC(O)CH2Cl | OCHF2 |
A-290 | OC(O)-CF3 | OCHF2 |
A-291 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | OCHF2 |
A-292 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | OCHF2 |
A-293 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | OCHF2 |
A-294 | OS(O)2-CH3 | OCHF2 |
A-295 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | OCHF2 |
A-296 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | OCHF2 |
A-297 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | OCHF2 |
A-298 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | OCHF2 |
A-299 | OS(O)2-T1 | OCHF2 |
A-300 | OS(O)2-T2 | OCHF2 |
A-301 | OS(O)2-T3 | OCHF2 |
A-302 | OS(O)2-T4 | OCHF2 |
A-303 | OS(O)2-T5 | OCHF2 |
A-304 | OS(O)2-T6 | OCHF2 |
A-305 | OS(O)2-T7 | OCHF2 |
A-306 | OS(O)2-T8 | OCHF2 |
A-307 | OS(O)2-T9 | OCHF2 |
A-308 | OS(O)2-T10 | OCHF2 |
A-309 | OS(O)2-T11 | OCHF2 |
A-310 | OS(O)2-T12 | OCHF2 |
A-311 | OH | OCF3 |
A-312 | OCH3 | OCF3 |
A-313 | OC(O)CH3 | OCF3 |
A-314 | OC(O)CH2CH3 | OCF3 |
A-315 | OC(O)CH(CH3)2 | OCF3 |
A-316 | OC(O)C(CH3)3 | OCF3 |
A-317 | OC(O)-c-C3H5 | OCF3 |
A-318 | OC(O)-C6H5 | OCF3 |
A-319 | OC(O)-CH2C6H5 | OCF3 |
A-320 | OC(O)CH2Cl | OCF3 |
序号 | R1 | R5 |
A-321 | OC(O)-CF3 | OCF3 |
A-322 | OC(O)-CH2OCH3 | OCF3 |
A-323 | OC(O)-N(CH3)2 | OCF3 |
A-324 | OC(O)-OCH2CH3 | OCF3 |
A-325 | OS(O)2-CH3 | OCF3 |
A-326 | OS(O)2-C2H5 | OCF3 |
A-327 | OS(O)2-C3H7 | OCF3 |
A-328 | OS(O)2-CH(CH3)2 | OCF3 |
A-329 | OS(O)2-C6H5 | OCF3 |
A-330 | OS(O)2-T1 | OCF3 |
A-331 | OS(O)2-T2 | OCF3 |
A-332 | OS(O)2-T3 | OCF3 |
A-333 | OS(O)2-T4 | OCF3 |
A-334 | OS(O)2-T5 | OCF3 |
A-335 | OS(O)2-T6 | OCF3 |
A-336 | OS(O)2-T7 | OCF3 |
A-337 | OS(O)2-T8 | OCF3 |
A-338 | OS(O)2-T9 | OCF3 |
A-339 | OS(O)2-T10 | OCF3 |
A-340 | OS(O)2-T11 | OCF3 |
A-341 | OS(O)2-T12 | OCF3 |
T1=4-CH3-C6H4
T2=N(CH3)2
T3=N(CH3)CH2CH3
T4=N(CH3)C3H7
T5=N(CH3)CH(CH3)2
T6=2-Cl,6-COOH-C6H3
T7=2,6-Cl2-C6H3
T8=2,6-F2-C6H3
T9=2,6-Cl2,3-CH3-C6H2
T10=2-CF3,6-CH2CHF2-C6H3
T11=2-CF3,6-OCF3-C6H3
T12=2-CF3,6-OCH2CHF2-C6H3
化合物I及其可农用盐适合以异构体混合物形式和纯异构体形式用作除草剂。它们适合直接使用或适合以适当配制的组合物使用。包含化合物I(尤其是其优选方面)的除草组合物非常有效地防治非作物区域的植物生长,尤其是在高施用率下。它们在诸如小麦、稻、玉米、大豆和棉花的作物中作用于阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草而不对农作物引起任何显著的损害。该效果主要在低施用率下观察到。
取决于所述施用方法,化合物I,尤其是其优选方面,或者包含它们的组合物可以额外用于许多其他农作物以消除不希望的植物。合适的作物实例如下:
洋葱(Allium cepa)、凤梨(Ananas comosus)、落花生(Arachis hypogaea)、石刁柏(Asparagus officinalis)、燕麦(Avena sativa)、甜菜(Beta vulgaris spec.altissima)、甜菜(Beta vulgaris spec.rapa)、欧洲油菜(Brassica napus var.napus)、芜青甘蓝(Brassica napus var.napobrassica)、芜青(Brassica rapavar.silvestris)、羽衣甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)、黑芥(Brassica nigra)、大叶茶(Camellia sinensis)、红花(Carthamus tinctorius)、美国山核桃(Caryaillinoinensis)、柠檬(Citrus limon)、甜橙(Citrus sinensis)、小果咖啡(Coffeaarabica)(中果咖啡(Coffea canephora)、大果咖啡(Coffea liberica))、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、胡萝卜(Daucus carota)、油棕(Elaeis guineensis)、欧洲草莓(Fragaria vesca)、大豆(Glycine max)、陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum)(树棉(Gossypium arboreum)、草棉(Gossypium herbaceum)、Gossypium vitifolium)、向日葵(Helianthusannuus)、Hevea brasiliensis、大麦(Hordeum vulgare)、啤酒花(Humuluslupulus)、甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)、核桃(Juglans regia)、兵豆(Lensculinaris)、亚麻(Linum usitatissimum)、番茄(Lycopersicon lycopersicum)、苹果属(Malus spec.)、木薯(Manihot esculenta)、紫苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、芭蕉属(Musa spec.)、烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)(黄花烟草(N.rustica))、油橄榄(Olea europaea)、稻(Oryza sativa)、金甲豆(Phaseolus lunatus)、菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)、欧洲云杉(Picea abies)、松属(Pinus spec.)、开心果(Pistacia vera)、Pisum sativum、欧洲甜樱桃(Prunus avium)、Prunuspersica、西洋梨(Pyrus communis)、杏(Prunus armeniaca)、欧洲酸樱桃(Prunus cerasus)、扁桃(Prunus dulcis)和欧洲李(Prunus domestica)、Ribessylvestre、蓖麻(Ricinus communis)、甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)、黑麦(Secale cereale)、白芥(Sinapis alba)、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)、两色蜀黍(Sorghum bicolor)(高粱(S.vulgare))、可可树(Theobroma cacao)、红车轴草(Trifolium pratense)、普通小麦(Triticum aestivum)、小黑麦(Triticale)、硬粒小麦(Triticum durum)、蚕豆(Vicia faba)、葡萄(Vitisvinifera)、玉蜀黍(Zea mays)。
术语“农作物”还包括已经通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物。基因修饰植物是其基因材料以在自然条件下不通过杂交、突变或自然重组(即基因信息的重组)发生的方式修饰的植物。此处通常将一个或多个基因整合到植物的基因材料中以改善植物性能。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括已经通过育种和基因工程而获得对某些类别的除草剂的耐受性的植物,所述除草剂例如羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂,乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂如磺酰脲类(EP-A-0257993,US 5,013,659)或咪唑啉酮类(例如见US 6,222,100、WO 01/82685、WO00/026390、WO 97/41218、WO 98/002526、WO 98/02527、WO 04/106529、WO 05/20673、WO 03/014357、WO 03/13225、WO 03/14356、WO04/16073),烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)抑制剂如草甘膦(glyphosate)(例如见WO 92/00377),谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)抑制剂如草铵膦(glufosinate)(例如见EP-A-0242236、EP-A-242246)或oxynil除草剂(例如见US 5,559,024)。
许多农作物如油菜已经借助常规育种(诱变)方法而耐受咪唑啉酮类如咪草啶酸(imazamox)。已经借助基因工程方法产生耐受草甘膦或草铵膦的农作物如大豆、棉花、玉米、甜菜和油菜,它们可以以商标名(耐受草甘膦)和Liberty(耐受草铵膦)市购。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括借助基因工程而产生一种或多种毒素如芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)细菌菌株的那些的植物。由该类基因修饰植物产生的毒素例如包括芽孢杆菌属,尤其是苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis)的杀虫蛋白如内毒素Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1、Cry9c、Cry34Ab1或Cry35Ab1;或无性杀虫蛋白(VIP),例如VIP1、VIP2、VIP3或VIP3A;线虫定居细菌的杀虫蛋白,例如发光杆菌属(Photorhabdus)或致病杆菌属(Xenorhabdus);动物有机体的毒素如黄蜂、蜘蛛或蝎子毒素;真菌毒素,例如来自链霉菌属(Streptomycetes);植物凝集素,例如来自豌豆或大麦;凝集素,蛋白酶抑制剂,例如胰蛋白酶抑制剂,丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,patatin,半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂或木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂,核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),例如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽蛋白、皂草素或异株腹泻毒蛋白(bryodin);类固醇代谢酶,例如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮甾类-IDP糖基转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂或HMG-CoA还原酶;离子通道阻断剂,例如钠通道或钙通道抑制剂;保幼激素酯酶;利尿激素受体(helicokinin受体);茋合成酶,联苄合成酶,壳多糖酶和葡聚糖酶。在植物中,这些毒素还可以作为前毒素、杂合蛋白或截短的或其他方面改性的蛋白产生。杂合蛋白的特征在于不同蛋白域的新型组合(例如参见WO 2002/015701)。该类毒素或产生这些毒素的基因修饰植物的其他实例公开于EP-A 374 753、WO 93/07278、WO95/34656、EP-A 427 529、EP-A 451 878、WO 03/18810和WO 03/52073中。生产这些基因修饰植物的方法对本领域熟练技术人员是已知的且例如公开于上述出版物中。许多上述毒素赋予产生它们的植物以对所有分类学上为节肢动物的害虫,尤其是甲虫(鞘翅目(Coeleropta))、双翅目昆虫(双翅目(Diptera))和蝴蝶(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera))以及线虫(线虫纲(Nematoda))的耐受性。
对杀虫毒素产生一个或多个基因编码的基因修饰植物例如描述于上述出版物中,它们中的一些可市购,例如(产生毒素Cry1Ab的玉米品种),Plus(产生毒素Cry1Ab和Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),(产生毒素Cry9c的玉米品种),RW(产生毒素Cry34Ab1、Cry35Ab1和酶膦丝菌素-N-乙酰转移酶[PAT]的玉米品种);33B(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),I(产生毒素Cry1Ac的棉花品种),II(产生毒素Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab2的棉花品种);(产生VIP毒素的棉花品种);(产生毒素Cry3A的土豆品种);Bt11(例如CB)和法国Syngenta Seeds SAS的Bt176(产生毒素Cry1Ab和PAT酶的玉米品种),法国Syngenta Seeds SAS的MIR604(产生毒素Cry3A的修饰译本的玉米品种,见WO 03/018810),比利时Monsanto Europe S.A.的MON 863(产生毒素Cry3Bb1的玉米品种),比利时Monsanto Europe S.A.的IPC 531(产生毒素Cry1Ac的修饰译本的棉花品种)和比利时Pioneer Overseas Corporation的1507(产生毒素Cry1F和PAT酶的玉米品种)。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括借助基因工程产生一种或多种更强壮或对细菌、病毒或真菌病原体的耐受性增强的蛋白质的植物,例如与发病机理相关的蛋白(PR蛋白,参见EP-A 0 392 225),抗性蛋白(例如产生两种针对来自野生墨西哥土豆Solanum bulbocastanum的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)的抗性基因的土豆品种)或T4溶菌酶(例如通过产生该蛋白而耐受细菌如Erwinia amylvora的土豆栽培品种)。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括已经借助基因工程方法,例如通过提高潜在产量(例如生物质、谷粒产量、淀粉、油或蛋白质含量),对干旱、盐或其他极限环境因素或对害虫以及真菌、细菌和病毒病原体的耐受性而改善生产量的植物。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括尤其为了改善人类或动物膳食而借助基因工程方法修饰其成分的植物,例如产生促进健康的长链ω-3脂肪酸或单不饱和ω-9脂肪酸的油料植物(例如油菜)。
因此,术语“农作物”还包括已经借助用于改进原料生产的基因工程方法修饰的植物,例如通过增加土豆的支链淀粉含量(土豆)。
此外,已经发现式I化合物还适于植物部分的脱叶和/或干燥,对此合适的是农作物如棉花、土豆、油菜、向日葵、大豆或蚕豆,尤其是棉花。就此而言,已经发现用于植物干燥和/或脱叶的组合物、制备这些组合物的方法以及使用式I化合物使植物干燥和/或脱叶的方法。
作为干燥剂,式I化合物特别适于干燥农作物如土豆、油菜、向日葵和大豆以及禾谷类的地面上部分。这使得这些重要农作物的完全机械化收获成为可能。
还具有经济益处的是促进柑橘类水果、橄榄和其他品种的仁果、核果和坚果的收获,这通过在一定时间期限内集中裂开或降低对树的粘附而成为可能。相同的机理,即促进水果部分或叶部分与植物的枝部分之间产生脱离组织对于有用植物,尤其是棉花的易控脱叶也是必要的。
此外,各棉花植株成熟的时间间隔缩短导致收获后的纤维质量提高。
化合物I或包含化合物I的除草组合物例如可以以即喷水溶液,粉末,悬浮液以及高度浓缩的水性、油性或其它悬浮液或分散体,乳液,油分散体,糊,粉剂,撒播用材料或颗粒的形式通过喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播、浇灌或处理种子或与种子混合而使用。使用形式取决于意欲的目的;在每种情况下都应确保本发明活性成分的最佳可能分布。
除草组合物包含除草有效量的至少一种式I化合物或I的可农用盐和常用于配制作物保护剂的助剂。
常用于配制作物保护剂的助剂实例是惰性助剂,固体载体,表面活性剂(如分散剂、保护性胶体、乳化剂、润湿剂和增粘剂),有机和无机增稠剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂,合适的话还有着色剂以及用于种子配制剂的粘合剂。
增稠剂(即赋予配制剂以改性的流动性能,即静止状态下的高粘度和运动状态下的低粘度的化合物)的实例是多糖,如黄原胶(来自Kelco的),23(Rhone Poulenc)或(来自R.T.Vanderbilt),以及有机和无机片状矿物,如(来自Engelhardt)。
消泡剂实例是聚硅氧烷乳液(如SRE,Wacker或来自Rhodia),长链醇,脂肪酸,脂肪酸盐,有机氟化合物及其混合物。
可以加入杀菌剂以稳定含水除草配制剂。杀菌剂实例是基于双氯芬和苄醇半缩甲醛的杀菌剂(ICI的或Thor Chemie的RS以及Rohm & Haas的MK),还有异噻唑啉酮衍生物,如烷基异噻唑啉酮类和苯并异噻唑啉酮类(Thor Chemie的Acticide MBS)。
防冻剂实例是乙二醇、丙二醇、脲或甘油。
着色剂的实例是微水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。可以提到的实例是以如下名称已知的染料:若丹明B,C.I.颜料红112和C.I.溶剂红1,以及颜料蓝15:4,颜料蓝15:3,颜料蓝15:2,颜料蓝15:1,颜料蓝80,颜料黄1,颜料黄13,颜料红112,颜料红48:2,颜料红48:1,颜料红57:1,颜料红53:1,颜料橙43,颜料橙34,颜料橙5,颜料绿36,颜料绿7,颜料白6,颜料棕25,碱性紫10,碱性紫49,酸性红51,酸性红52,酸性红14,酸性蓝9,酸性黄23,碱性红10,碱性红108。
粘合剂的实例是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇和纤基乙酸钠。
合适的惰性助剂例如为下列物质:中沸点到高沸点的矿物油馏分如煤油和柴油,此外还有煤焦油和植物或动物来源的油,脂族、环状和芳族烃如石蜡,四氢化萘,烷基化萘及其衍生物,烷基化苯及其衍生物,醇类如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇和环己醇,酮类如环己酮或强极性溶剂,例如胺类如N-甲基吡咯烷酮,以及水。
固体载体为矿土如硅石、硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁和氧化镁,磨碎的合成材料,肥料如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵和脲类以及植物来源的产品如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉,纤维素粉或其它固体载体。
合适的表面活性剂(助剂、润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂和乳化剂)是芳族磺酸如木素磺酸(例如Borrespers类型,Borregaard)、苯酚磺酸、萘磺酸(Morwet类型,Akzo Nobel)和二丁基萘磺酸(Nekal类型,BASF SE)以及脂肪酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基-和烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,月桂基醚硫酸盐和脂肪醇硫酸盐,以及硫酸化十六-、十七-和十八烷醇的盐,还有脂肪醇乙二醇醚的盐,磺化萘及其衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚,乙氧基化异辛基-、辛基-或壬基酚,烷基苯基或三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,异十三烷醇,脂肪醇/氧化乙烯缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚或聚氧丙烯烷基醚,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚乙酸酯,山梨糖醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液和蛋白质,变性蛋白质,多糖(如甲基纤维素),疏水改性的淀粉,聚乙烯醇(Mowiol类型,Clariant),聚羧酸盐类(BASF SE,Sokalan类型),聚烷氧基化物,聚乙烯胺(BASF SE,Lupamine类型),聚乙烯亚胺(BASFSE,Lupasol类型),聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮及其共聚物。
粉末、撒播材料和粉剂可以通过将活性成分与固体载体混合或研磨来制备。
颗粒如包衣颗粒、浸渍颗粒和均质颗粒可以通过使活性成分与固体载体粘附而制备。
含水使用形式可以通过添加水由乳液浓缩物、悬浮液、糊、可湿性粉末或水分散性颗粒制备。为了制备乳液、糊或油分散体,可以借助湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将式I或Ia化合物直接或溶于油或溶剂之后在水中均化。或者还可以制备包含活性物质、湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及需要的话,溶剂或油的浓缩物,该类浓缩物适于用水稀释。
式I化合物在即用制剂中的浓度可以在宽范围内变化。配制剂通常包含0.001-98重量%,优选0.01-95重量%至少一种活性化合物。活性化合物以90-100%,优选95-100%(根据NMR光谱)的纯度使用。
本发明化合物I例如可以按如下配制:
1.用水稀释的产品
A水溶性浓缩物
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份水或水溶性溶剂中。或者,加入湿润剂或其它助剂。活性化合物经水稀释溶解。这得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的配制剂。
B分散性浓缩物
将20重量份活性化合物溶于70重量份环己酮中并加入10重量份分散剂如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。用水稀释得到分散体。活性化合物含量为20重量%。
C可乳化浓缩物
将15重量份活性化合物溶于75重量份有机溶剂(如烷基芳烃)中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为15重量%。
D乳液
将25重量份活性化合物溶于35重量份有机溶剂(如烷基芳烃)中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。借助乳化机(Ultraturrax)将该混合物引入30重量份水中并制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为25重量%。
E悬浮液
在搅拌的球磨机中,将20重量份活性化合物粉碎并加入10重量份分散剂和湿润剂以及70重量份水或有机溶剂,得到细碎活性化合物悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物悬浮液。该配制剂中活性化合物含量为20重量%。
F水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒
将50重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并加入50重量份分散剂和湿润剂,借助工业装置(如挤出机、喷雾塔、流化床)将其制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为50重量%。
G水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末
将75重量份活性化合物在转子-定子磨机中研磨并加入25重量份分散剂、湿润剂和硅胶。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为75重量%。
H凝胶配制剂
在球磨机中研磨20重量份活性化合物、10重量份分散剂、1重量份胶凝剂和70重量份水或有机溶剂,得到细悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性化合物含量为20重量%的稳定悬浮液。
2.不经稀释而施用的产品
I粉剂
将5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并与95重量份细碎高岭土充分混合。这得到活性化合物含量为5重量%的撒粉粉末。
J颗粒(GR,FG,GG,MG)
将0.5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并结合99.5重量份载体。现行方法是挤出、喷雾干燥或流化床方法。这得到不经稀释而施用的活性化合物含量为0.5重量%的颗粒。
K ULV溶液(UL)
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份有机溶剂如二甲苯中。这得到不经稀释而施用的活性化合物含量为10重量%的产品。
化合物I或包含它们的除草组合物可以出苗前或出苗后施用,或者与农作物的种子一起施用。还可以通过施用被除草组合物或活性化合物预处理的农作物的种子而施用除草组合物或活性化合物。若活性化合物不能被某些农作物良好地耐受,则可以使用其中借助喷雾设备喷雾除草组合物以使它们尽可能不接触敏感农作物的叶子,而活性成分到达生长在下面的不希望的植物的叶子或裸露的土壤表面的施用技术(后引导,最后耕作程序)。
在另一实施方案中,可以通过处理种子而施用式I化合物或其除草组合物。
种子的处理基本包括所有本领域熟练技术人员熟知的基于本发明式I化合物或由其制备的组合物的程序(拌种、种子包衣、种子撒粉、种子浸泡、种子包膜、种子多层包衣、种子包壳、种子浸滴和种子造粒)。这里可以加以稀释或不加稀释地施用除草组合物。
术语种子包括所有类型的种子,如玉米、种子、果实、块茎、插条和类似形式。这里优选术语种子描述的是玉米和种子。
所用种子可以是上述有用植物的种子,但还可以是转基因植物或通过常规育种方法得到的植物的种子。
活性化合物的施用率为0.001-3.0kg/ha,优选0.01-1.0kg/ha活性物质(a.s.),取决于防治目标、季节、目标植物和生长阶段。为了处理种子,化合物I通常以0.001-10kg/100kg种子的量使用。
还可能有利的是将式I化合物与安全剂组合使用。安全剂是防止或降低对有用植物的损害而不显著影响式I化合物对不希望的植物的除草作用的化合物。它们可以在播种之前(例如在种子处理中或在插条或秧苗上)和有用植物出苗之前或之后使用。安全剂和式I化合物可以同时或依次使用。合适的安全剂例如为(喹啉-8-氧基)乙酸、1-苯基-5-卤代烷基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸、1-苯基-4,5-二氢-5-烷基-1H-吡唑-3,5-二羧酸、4,5-二氢-5,5-二芳基-3-异唑羧酸、二氯乙酰胺类、α-肟基苯基乙腈类、苯乙酮肟类、4,6-二卤代-2-苯基嘧啶、N-[[4-(氨基羰基)苯基]磺酰基]-2-苯甲酰胺、1,8-萘二甲酸酐、2-卤代-4-卤代烷基-5-噻唑羧酸、硫代磷酸酯类和O-苯基N-烷基氨基甲酸酯及其可农用盐,以及它们的可农用衍生物如酰胺、酯和硫酯,条件是它们具有酸官能团。
为了拓宽活性谱并获得协同增效效果,可以将式I化合物与大量其他除草或生长调节活性化合物的代表或安全剂混合并联合施用。合适的混合配对例如为1,2,4-噻二唑类,1,3,4-噻二唑类,酰胺类,氨基磷酸及其衍生物,氨基三唑类,酰替苯胺类,芳氧基/杂芳氧基链烷酸及其衍生物,苯甲酸及其衍生物,苯并噻二嗪酮类,2-芳酰基/杂芳酰基-1,3-环己烷二酮类,杂芳基芳基酮类,苄基异唑烷酮类,间-CF3-苯基衍生物,氨基甲酸酯类,喹啉羧酸及其衍生物,氯代乙酰苯胺类,环己酮肟醚衍生物,二嗪类,二氯丙酸及其衍生物,二氢苯并呋喃类,二氢呋喃-3-酮类,二硝基苯胺类,二硝基苯酚类,二苯基醚类,联吡啶类,卤代羧酸及其衍生物,脲类,3-苯基尿嘧啶类,咪唑类,咪唑啉酮类,N-苯基-3,4,5,6-四氢邻苯二甲酰亚胺类,二唑类,环氧乙烷类,酚类,芳氧基-和杂芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯,苯基乙酸及其衍生物,2-苯基丙酸及其衍生物,吡唑类,苯基吡唑类,哒嗪类,吡啶羧酸及其衍生物,嘧啶基醚类,磺酰胺类,磺酰脲类,三嗪类,三嗪酮类,三唑啉酮类,三唑羧酰胺,尿嘧啶类,苯基吡唑啉类,异唑啉类及其衍生物。
此外,可能有用的是单独或与其他除草剂组合施用化合物I,或者还可以与其他作物保护试剂混合而联合施用化合物I,例如与用于防治害虫或植物病原性真菌或细菌的组合物联合施用化合物I。还令人感兴趣的是与无机盐溶液的溶混性,所述盐溶液用于缓解营养和痕量元素缺乏。还可以加入其他添加剂如非植物毒性油和油浓缩物。
可以与本发明的式I的吡啶化合物组合使用的除草剂实例为:
b1)选自如下的类脂生物合成抑制剂:枯杀达(alloxydim)、枯杀达(alloxydim-sodium)、丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、炔草酯(clodinafop)、炔草酯(clodinafop-propargyl)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)、氯甲草(diclofop)、禾草灵(diclofop-methyl)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、高唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、高唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P-ethyl)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-butyl)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P-butyl)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop-methyl)、精吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、精吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop-P-methyl)、唑酰草胺(metamifop)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop-ethyl)、喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-tefuryl)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P-ethyl)、精喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-P-tefuryl)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim)、呋草黄(benfuresate)、苏达灭(butylate)、草灭特(cycloate)、茅草枯(dalapon)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)、四氟丙酸(flupropanate)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、克草猛(pebulate)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、TCA、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、丁草威(tiocarbazil)、野麦畏(triallate)和灭草猛(vernolate);
b2)选自如下的ALS抑制剂:磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron-methyl)、双嘧苯甲酸(bispyribac)、双嘧苯甲酸钠(bispyribac-sodium)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、唑嘧磺胺酸(cloransulam)、唑嘧磺胺盐(cloransulam-methyl)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、胺苯黄隆(ethametsulfuron)、胺苯黄隆(ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟酮磺隆钠(flucarbazone-sodium)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、氟定黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟定黄隆(flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium)、甲酰氨磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron-methyl)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz-methyl)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、碘黄隆(iodosulfuron)、碘甲黄隆钠(iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、甲黄隆(metsulfuron)、甲黄隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron-methyl)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone-sodium)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、pyrimisulfan、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草(pyriminobac)、肟啶草(pyriminobac-methyl)、嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac)、嘧硫苯甲酸钠(pyrithiobac-sodium)、啶磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron-methyl)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、thiencarbazone、thiencarbazone-methyl、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron-methyl)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron-methyl)和三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron);
b3)选自如下的光合成抑制剂:莠灭净(ametryn)、胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、莠去津(atrazine)、噻草平(bentazone)、噻草平(bentazone-sodium)、除草定(bromacil)、杀草全(bromofenoxim)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)及其盐和酯、氯溴隆(chlorobromuron)、杀草敏(chloridazone)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草隆(chloroxuron)、草净津(cyanazine)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、敌草净(desmetryn)、丁隆(dimefuron)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、敌草快阳离子(diquat)、敌草快(diquat-dibromide)、敌草隆(diuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)及其盐和酯、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异恶隆(isouron)、卡草灵(karbutilate)、环草定(lenacil)、利谷隆(linuron)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、色满隆(metobenzuron)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、绿谷隆(monolinuron)、草不隆(neburon)、对草快阳离子(paraquat)、对草快(paraquat-dichloride)、对草快(paraquat-dimetilsulfate)、蔬草灭(pentanochlor)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、乙苯敌草(phenmedipham-ethyl)、扑灭通(prometon)、扑草净(prometryn)、敌稗(propanil)、扑灭津(propazine)、pyridafol、达草止(pyridate)、环草隆(siduron)、西玛津(simazine)、西草净(simetryn)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、特草定(terbacil)、甲氧去草净(terbumeton)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)和草达津(trietazine);
b4)选自如下的原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂:氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、氟锁草醚(acifluorfen-sodium)、唑啶炔草(azafenidin)、bencarbazone、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、治草醚(bifenox)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone-ethyl)、氯硝醚(chlomethoxyfen)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、酰亚胺苯氧乙酸(flumiclorac)、酰亚胺苯氧乙酸戊酯(flumiclorac-pentyl)、氟嗪酮(flumioxazin)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、达草氟(fluthiacet-methyl)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、氟唑草酯(pyraflufen)、氟唑草酯(pyraflufen-ethyl)、嘧啶肟草醚(saflufenacil)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、噻二唑胺(thidiazimin)、2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-4-氟-N-[(异丙基)甲基氨磺酰基]苯甲酰胺(H-1;CAS 372137-35-4)、[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶氧基]乙酸乙酯(H-2;CAS 353292-31-6)、N-乙基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(H-3;CAS 452098-92-9)、N-四氢糠基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(H-4;CAS915396-43-9)、N-乙基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(H-5;CAS 452099-05-7)和N-四氢糠基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(H-6;CAS 452100-03-7);
b5)选自如下的漂白剂除草剂:苯草醚(aclonifen)、杀草强(amitrol)、氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、达草灭(norflurazon)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、pyrasulfutole、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、tefuryltrione、tembotrione、topramezone、4-羟基-3-[[2-[(2-甲氧基乙氧基)甲基]-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]羰基]双环[3.2.1]辛-3-烯-2-酮(H-7;CAS 352010-68-5)和4-(3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2-(4-三氟甲基苯基)嘧啶(H-8;CAS 180608-33-7);
b6)选自如下的EPSP合成酶抑制剂:草甘膦、草甘膦异丙胺盐(glyphosate-isopropylammonium)和草硫膦(glyphosate-trimesium)(sulfosate);
b7)选自如下的谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂:双丙氨酰膦(bilanaphos(bialaphos))、双丙氨酰膦(bilanaphos-sodium)、草铵膦和草铵膦(glufosinate-ammonium);
b8)选自如下的DHP合成酶抑制剂:黄草灵(asulam);
b9)选自如下的有丝分裂抑制剂:胺草磷(amiprophos)、甲基胺草磷(amiprophos-methyl)、氟草胺(benfluralin)、草胺磷(butamiphos)、地乐胺(butralin)、长杀草(carbetamide)、氯苯胺灵(chlorpropham)、敌草索(chlorthal)、敌草索(chlorthal-dimethyl)、敌乐胺(dinitramine)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、氟消草(fluchloralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、苯胺灵(propham)、拿草特(propyzamide)、丙戊草胺(tebutam)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr)和氟乐灵(trifluralin);
b10)选自如下的VLCFA抑制剂:乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、丁草胺(butachlor)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethanamid)、精噻吩草胺(dimethenamid-P)、草乃敌(diphenamid)、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、S-异丙甲草胺(metolachlor-S)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、草萘胺(napropamide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、派罗克杀草砜(pyroxasulfone)(KIH-485)和噻醚草胺(thenylchlor);
式2化合物:
其中各变量具有下列含义:
Y为苯基或如开头所定义的5或6员杂芳基,所述基团可以被1-3个基团Raa取代;
R21、R22、R23、R24为H、卤素或C1-C4烷基;
X为O或NH;
n为0或1。
式2化合物尤其具有下列含义:
Y为
其中#表示与该分子的骨架的键;以及
R21、R22、R23、R24各自为H、Cl、F或CH3;
R25为卤素、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基;
R26为C1-C4烷基;
R27为卤素、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基;
R28为H、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基;
m为0、1、2或3;
X为氧;
n为0或1。
优选的式2化合物具有下列含义:
Y为
R21为H;
R22、R23为F;
R24为H或F;
X为氧;
n为0或1。
特别优选的式2化合物为3-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基甲磺酰基]-4-氟-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑(2-1)、3-{[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基]氟甲磺酰基}-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑(2-2)、4-(4-氟-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-磺酰基甲基)-2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-2H-[1,2,3]三唑(2-3)、4-[(5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-磺酰基)氟甲基]-2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-2H-[1,2,3]三唑(2-4)、4-(5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-磺酰基甲基)-2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-2H-[1,2,3]三唑(2-5)、3-{[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基]二氟甲磺酰基}-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑(2-6)、4-[(5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-磺酰基)二氟甲基]-2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-2H-[1,2,3]三唑(2-7)、3-{[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-1-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基]二氟甲磺酰基}-4-氟-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑(2-8)、4-[二氟-(4-氟-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-磺酰基)甲基]-2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-2H-[1,2,3]三唑(2-9);
b11)选自如下的纤维素生物合成抑制剂:草克乐(chlorthiamid)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、胺草唑(flupoxam)和异恶草胺(isoxaben);
b12)选自如下的分离剂除草剂:地乐酚(dinoseb)、地乐消酚(dinoterb)以及二硝甲酚(DNOC)及其盐;
b13)选自如下的植物生长素除草剂:2,4-D及其盐和酯、2,4-DB及其盐和酯、氨草啶(aminopyralid)及其盐如氨草啶铵盐(aminopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium)和其酯、草除灵(benazolin)、草除灵(benazolin-ethyl)、草灭平(chloramben)及其盐和酯、稗草胺(clomeprop)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)及其盐和酯、麦草畏(dicamba)及其盐和酯、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)及其盐和酯、高2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P)及其盐和酯、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr-butometyl)、氟氯胺啶(fluroxypyr-meptyl)、MCPA及其盐和酯、2甲4氯乙硫酯(MCPA-thioethyl)、MCPB及其盐和酯、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop)及其盐和酯、高2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop-P)及其盐和酯、毒莠定(picloram)及其盐和酯、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、TBA(2,3,6)及其盐和酯、绿草定(triclopyr)及其盐和酯以及5,6-二氯-2-环丙基-4-嘧啶甲酸(H-9;CAS 858956-08-8)及其盐和酯;
b14)选自如下的植物生长素输送抑制剂:二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr-sodium)、抑草生(naptalam)和抑草生(naptalam-sodium);
b15)选自如下的其他除草剂:溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol-methyl)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、茅草枯、棉隆(dazomet)、苯敌快(difenzoq uat)、苯敌快(difenzoquat-metilsulfate)、噻节因(dimethipin)、甲胂钠(DSMA)、香草隆(dymron)、敌草腈(endothal)及其盐、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、氟燕灵(flamprop)、氟燕灵(flamprop-isopropyl)、甲氟燕灵(flamprop-methyl)、强氟燕灵(flamprop-M-isopropyl)、麦草伏(flamprop-M-methyl)、抑草丁(flurenol)、抑草丁(flurenol-butyl)、调嘧醇(flurprimidol)、膦铵素(fosamine)、膦铵素(fosamine-ammonium)、茚草酮(indanofan)、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、威百亩(metam)、叠氮甲烷(methyl azide)、溴甲烷(methyl bromide)、苯丙隆(methyl-dymron)、碘甲烷(methyl iodide)、甲胂一钠(MSMA)、油酸(oleicacid)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、壬酸(pelargonic acid)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam)、灭草环(tridiphane)和6-氯-3-(2-环丙基-6-甲基苯氧基)-4-哒嗪醇(H-10;CAS499223-49-3)及其盐和酯。
优选安全剂的实例为解草酮(benoxacor)、喹氧乙酸(cloquintocet)、抑害腈(cyometrinil)、cyprosulfamide、抑害胺(dichlormid)、dicyclonone、dietholate、解草唑(fenchlorazole)、解草啶(fenclorim)、解草安(flurazole)、肟草安(fluxofenim)、解草呋(furilazole)、双苯唑酸(isoxadifen)、吡咯二酸(mefenpyr)、mephenate、萘二甲酸酐(naphthalic anhydride)、解草腈(oxabetrinil)、4-(二氯乙酰基)-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷(H-11;MON4660,CAS 71526-07-3)和2,2,5-三甲基-3-(二氯乙酰基)-1,3-唑烷(H-12;R-29148,CAS 52836-31-4)。
b1)-b15)组活性化合物和安全剂是已知的除草剂和安全剂,例如参见The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names(http://www.alanwood.net/ pesticides/);B.Hock,C.Fedtke,R.R.Schmidt,Herbizide[除草剂],GeorgThieme Verlag,Stuttgart,1995。其他除草活性化合物由WO 96/26202、WO 97/41116、WO 97/41117、WO 97/41118、WO 01/83459和WO2008/074991,W.等(编辑)″Modern Crop ProtectionCompounds″,第1卷,Wiley VCH,2007以及其中引用的文献已知。
本发明还涉及配制成单组分组合物的作物保护组合物形式的组合物,所述单组分组合物包含含有至少一种式I的吡啶化合物和至少一种优选选自b1-b15组活性化合物的其他活性化合物的活性化合物组合以及至少一种固体或液体载体和/或一种或多种表面活性剂和需要的话一种或多种其他常用于作物保护组合物的助剂。
本发明还涉及配制成双组分组合物的作物保护组合物形式的组合物,所述双组分组合物包含含有至少一种式I的吡啶化合物、固体或液体载体和/或一种或多种表面活性剂的第一组分和含有至少一种选自b1-b15组活性化合物的其他活性化合物、固体或液体载体和/或一种或多种表面活性剂的第二组分,其中这两种组分还可以额外包含其他常用于作物保护组合物的助剂。
在包含至少一种式I化合物作为组分A和至少一种除草剂B的二元组合物中,活性化合物A∶B的重量比通常为1∶1000-1000∶1,优选1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1。
在包含至少一种式I化合物作为组分A和至少一种安全剂C的二元组合物中,活性化合物A∶C的重量比通常为1∶1000-1000∶1,优选1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1。
在包含至少一种式I化合物作为组分A、至少一种除草剂B和至少一种安全剂C的三元组合物中,组分A∶B的相对重量份数通常为1∶1000-1000∶1,优选1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1;组分A∶C的重量比通常为1∶1000-1000∶1,优选1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1;且组分B∶C的重量比通常为1∶1000-1000∶1,优选1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1。优选组分A+B与组分C的重量比为1∶500-500∶1,尤其是1∶250-250∶1,特别优选1∶75-75∶1。
在每种情况下包含一种单独式I化合物和一种混合配对或混合配对组合的本发明特别优选组合物的实例在下表B中给出。
本发明的另一方面涉及下表B中所列组合物B-1至H-1227,其中在每种情况下表B的一行对应于包含在上述说明中例举的式I化合物之一(组分1)和在每种情况下在所述行中所述的选自b1)-b15)组的其他活性化合物和/或安全剂C(组分2)的除草组合物。所述组合物中的活性化合物在每种情况下优选以协同增效有效量存在。
表B:
本发明化合物I和组合物还可以具有植物增强作用。因此,它们适合调动植物的防御系统以对抗不希望的微生物如有害真菌以及病毒和细菌的侵袭。植物增强(诱发抗性)的物质在本发明上下文中应理解为指能够刺激被处理植物的防御系统以使得当随后被不希望的微生物接种时被处理植物对这些微生物显示出显著抗性的那些物质。
化合物I可以用于在处理之后的一定时间内保护植物免受不希望的微生物侵袭。起保护作用的时间期限通常为用化合物I处理植物之后或处理种子之后的1-28天,优选1-14天,至多在播种之后9个月。
本发明化合物I和组合物还适合提高收获产量。
此外,它们具有降低的毒性且被植物良好耐受。
下面通过实施例说明式I的吡啶化合物的制备,本发明主题并不限于所示实施例。
合成实施例
适当改变原料,使用下列合成实施例所给程序制备其他化合物I。以此方式得到的化合物与物理数据一起列于下表中。
I.制备实施例
实施例1:制备4-羟基-3-(3-三氟甲氧基苯基)吡喃并[3,2-b]吡啶-2-酮[I-27]
步骤1:3-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸五氟苯基酯
在20-25℃下将13g N,N’-二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)滴加到14g 3-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸和18.5g五氟苯酚在700ml CH2Cl2中的溶液中。在反应终止之后(约40分钟),使该溶液在20-25℃下放置约12小时。除去溶剂,然后将形成的残余物溶于水中并将该溶液用CH2Cl2萃取。在干燥和除去溶剂之后由有机相得到29g标题化合物。
步骤2:4-羟基-3-(3-三氟甲氧基苯基)吡喃并[3,2-b]吡啶-2-酮
3.5g K2CO3加入0.64g 3-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸五氟苯基酯(来自步骤1)和0.5g(3-三氟甲氧基苯基)乙酰氯在150ml乙腈中的溶液中,并将该混合物在氮气气氛下于20-25℃搅拌约12小时。过滤之后将溶剂从滤液除去并将所得残余物溶于水中,在酸化至pH<4之后用CH2Cl2萃取。干燥有机相,然后除去溶剂。在制备型HPLC[柱:Luna(2),来自Phenomenex,300*50mm10μm;移动相:混合比为80∶20和50∶50的水(+0.0375%三氟乙酸)和乙腈;流速80ml/min;在220nm和254nm下检测),20-25℃]之后由残余物得到300mg标题化合物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ8.55(m,1H),7.74(m,1H),7.58-7.73(m,3H),7.48-7.50(m,1H),7.22-7.26(m,1H)。
应用实施例
式I化合物的除草活性通过下列温室试验证实:
所用培养容器为含有含约3.0%腐殖土的壤质砂作为底物的塑料花盆。对每一品种单独播种测试植物的种子。
对于出苗前处理,直接在播种之后借助细分布喷嘴施用悬浮或乳化于水中的活性化合物。温和灌溉容器以促进发芽和生长,然后用透明塑料罩覆盖,直到植物生根。该覆盖导致测试植物均匀发芽,除非被活性化合物损坏。
对于出苗后处理,首先使测试植物生长到3-15cm的高度,这取决于植物习性,然后用悬浮或乳化于水中的活性化合物处理。为此,将测试植物直接播种并在相同容器中生长,或者首先使它们作为秧苗单独生长并在处理之前几天移植到测试容器中。
取决于品种,将植物保持在10-25℃或20-35℃。测试期为2-4周。在此期间照料植物并评价它们对各处理的响应。
使用0-100的评分进行评价。100表示没有植物出苗,或者至少地面上部分完全受损,而0表示没有损害,或者生长过程正常。对良好的除草活性给予至少70的分值,而对非常好的除草活性给予至少85的分值。
用于温室试验中的植物属于下列品种:
Bayer代码 | 学名 | 通用名 |
ABUTH | Abutilon theophrasti | 苘麻 |
ALOMY | Alopecurus myosuroides | 大穗看麦娘 |
AMARE | Amaranthus retroflexus | 反枝苋 |
AVEFA | Avena fatua | 野燕麦 |
CHEAL | Chenopodium album | 藜 |
GALAP | Galium aparine | 猪殃殃 |
SETFA | Setaria faberi | 大狗尾草 |
SETVI | Setaria viridis | 狗尾草 |
1)在0.5kg/ha的施用率下,通过出苗前方法施用的活性化合物I-35对AMARE显示出非常好的除草活性。
2)在3.0kg/ha和2.0kg/ha的施用率下,分别通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-10、I-11、I-13、I-20、I-22、I-26和I-35以及活性化合物I-20对ABUTH显示出非常好的除草活性,而以3.0kg/ha的施用率施用的活性化合物I-23显示出良好的除草活性。
3)在3.0kg/ha的施用率下,通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-46、I-54和I-55对ALOMY显示出非常好的除草活性。
4)在0.5kg/ha和1.0kg/ha的施用率下,分别通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-36、I-37、I-39、I-40、I-41、I-43、I-44、I-45、I-47、I-48、I-49、I-51和I-52以及活性化合物I-42对AMARE显示出非常好的除草活性。
5)在3.0kg/ha的施用率下,通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-17、I-18、I-19、I-21、I-46、I-53和I-55对AVEFA显示出非常好的除草活性。
6)在3.0kg/ha和2.0kg/ha的施用率下,分别通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-10、I-11、I-12、I-13、I-17、I-19、I-20、I-21、I-26和I-27以及活性化合物I-20对SETFA显示出非常好的除草活性,而活性化合物I-22和I-23在3.0kg/ha下显示出良好的除草活性。
7)在0.5kg/ha和1.0kg/ha的施用率下,分别通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-34、I-35、I-36、I-37、I-38、I-39、I-40、I-41、I-47、I-48、I-49、I-51和I-52以及活性化合物I-50对CHEAL显示出非常好的除草活性。
8)在0.5kg/ha的施用率下,通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-35、I-37、I-38、I-44、I-45、I-48和I-49对ECHCG显示出非常好的除草活性。
9)在0.5kg/ha的施用率下,通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-34和I-38对GALAP显示出非常好的除草活性。
10)在0.5kg/ha和1.0kg/ha的施用率下,分别通过出苗后方法施用的活性化合物I-40、I-44、I-45和I-51以及活性化合物I-50对SETVI显示出非常好的除草活性。
Claims (16)
1.式I.1的吡啶化合物或其N-氧化物或可农用盐:
其中各变量具有下列含义:
R1为O-RA;
RA为氢或Z-C(=O)-Ra,
Ra为C1-C8烷基;
Z为共价键;
R2为苯基,其未被取代或被1、2、3或4个基团Rb取代;
Rb相互独立地为Z-卤素、C1-C8烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、Z-C1-C8烷氧基、Z-C1-C8卤代烷氧基;
X为O或S;
Y为O或S;
Rc为氢或选自Z-OH或Z-卤素的基团;
基团Rc2、Rc3和Rc4各自对应于基团Rc。
2.根据权利要求1的式I.1化合物,其中Y为O。
3.根据权利要求1的式I.1化合物,其中Y为S。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I.1化合物,其中RA为氢或C1-C6烷基羰基。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I.1化合物,其中X为O。
6.根据权利要求4的式I.1化合物,其中X为O。
7.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I.1化合物,其中X为S。
8.根据权利要求4的式I.1化合物,其中X为S。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I.1化合物,其中Rc2、Rc3和Rc4 为氢。
10.根据权利要求6或8的式I.1化合物,其中Rc2、Rc3和Rc4为氢。
11.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I.1化合物,其对应于式I.1A:
其中R5和R6为基团Rb且m为0或1-4的整数。
12.根据权利要求11的式I.1化合物,其对应于式I.1A并且其中R1为OH、OC(O)CH3、OC(O)CH2CH3、OC(O)CH(CH3)2、OC(O)C(CH3)3、OC(O)-c-C3H5;和
R2为被选自如下的基团取代的苯基:2-Br、2-Cl、2,4-Cl2、2-Cl-4-F、2-Cl-5-F、2-Cl-6-F、2-Cl-4-CF3、2-Cl-5-CF3、2-Cl-6-CF3、2-Cl-3,6-F2、2-F、2,4-F2、2,5-F2、2,6-F2、2-F-4-CF3、2-F-5-CF3、2-F-6-CF3、2,3,6-F3、2-CH3、2-CH3-4-F、2-CH3-5-F、2-CH3-6-F、2-CH3-4-CF3、2-CH3-5-CF3、2-CH3-6-CF3、2-CH3-3,6-F2、2-OCH3、2-OCH3-4-F、2-OCH3-5-F、2-OCH3-6-F、2-OCH3-4-CF3、2-OCH3-5-CF3、2-OCH3-6-CF3、2-OCH3-3,6-F2、2-CHF2、2-CHF2-4-F、2-CHF2-5-F、2-CHF2-6-F、2-CHF2-4-CF3、2-CHF2-5-CF3、2-CHF2-6-CF3、2-CHF2-3,6-F2、2-CF3、2-CF3-4-F、2-CF3-5-F、2-CF3-6-F、2-CF3-4-CF3、2-CF3-5-CF3、2-CF3-6-CF3、2-CF3-3,6-F2、2-OCHF2、2-OCHF2-4-F、2-OCHF2-5-F、2-OCHF2-6-F、2-OCHF2-4-CF3、2-OCHF2-5-CF3、2-OCHF2-6-CF3、2-OCHF2-3,6-F2、2-OCF3、2-OCF3-4-F、2-OCF3-5-F、2-OCF3-6-F、2-OCF3-4-CF3、2-OCF3-5-CF3、2-OCF3-6-CF3和2-OCF3-3,6-F2。
13.一种包含除草有效量的至少一种根据权利要求1-12中任一项的式I.1的吡啶化合物或其可农用盐和常用于配制作物保护剂的助剂的组合物。
14.根据权利要求13的组合物,包含至少一种其他活性化合物。
15.根据权利要求13或14的组合物,包括两种选自除草剂和/或安全剂的其他活性化合物。
16.一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括使除草有效量的至少一种根据权利要求1-12中任一项的式I.1的吡啶化合物或其可农用盐作用于植物、其种子和/或其生长地。
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UY32212A (es) | 2010-05-31 |
ZA201103873B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
KR20110082058A (ko) | 2011-07-15 |
UY32211A (es) | 2010-05-31 |
AR074070A1 (es) | 2010-12-22 |
TW201022263A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
TW201022277A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
CL2011000955A1 (es) | 2011-09-02 |
CN102203090A (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
BRPI0919652A2 (pt) | 2015-08-18 |
WO2010049270A1 (de) | 2010-05-06 |
BRPI0920102A2 (pt) | 2015-08-18 |
US8338337B2 (en) | 2012-12-25 |
IL212536A0 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
AU2009309837A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
US20110224078A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
JP5681634B2 (ja) | 2015-03-11 |
US20110201501A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
MX2011004396A (es) | 2011-05-25 |
CA2741138A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
CR20110266A (es) | 2011-06-03 |
EP2350074B1 (de) | 2013-03-06 |
WO2010049269A1 (de) | 2010-05-06 |
EA201100661A1 (ru) | 2011-12-30 |
AR074069A1 (es) | 2010-12-22 |
CN102203091A (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
EP2350069A1 (de) | 2011-08-03 |
EP2350074A1 (de) | 2011-08-03 |
JP2012506885A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
JP2012506886A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
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