CN104366036A - Freshwater cyprinidae fish mixed feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Freshwater cyprinidae fish mixed feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104366036A CN104366036A CN201310367112.6A CN201310367112A CN104366036A CN 104366036 A CN104366036 A CN 104366036A CN 201310367112 A CN201310367112 A CN 201310367112A CN 104366036 A CN104366036 A CN 104366036A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a freshwater cyprinidae fish mixed feed composed of the following raw materials: fish meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, vegetable meal, flour, rice bran, soybean oil, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, compound vitamins, composite mineral elements, 50% choline chloride, zeolite powder, phytase premix, and lactobacillus premix. The preparation of the freshwater cyprinidae fish mixed feed includes two times of crushing, mixing, blending, granulating and cooling, sieving, packing and other steps. The freshwater cyprinidae fish mixed feed can increase the degree of curing of the raw materials, at the same time, improves the utilization rate of phosphorus in the feed, promotes the healthy development of fish intestinal tracts, improves feed digestion and absorption, reduces the food coefficient, and increases production and income of farmers.
Description
Art
The present invention relates to a kind of fishing compound feed prescription and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is the maximum country of global fishing mixed feed consumption, within 2012, reaches 1,502 ten thousand tons, and wherein 80% for fresh water fishing is with joining platform feed, reaches 12,000,000 tons.The traditional processing technology of fishing mixed feed mainly adopts once pulverizing, mixed once, the technique of once granulating, but this technique exists that curing degree is low, poor water resistance, digest and assimilate low shortcoming.Adopting again separating twice to overcome this shortcoming, lengthening conditioning period, increasing the improving technique of pelleting temperature to increase curing degree, but this improving technique is because conditioning period is long, pelleting temperature is too high, cause supporting one's family a large amount of losses of rope, and the material of a lot of non-refractory cannot add as enzyme preparation, beneficial activity bacterium etc. and makes feed result of use undesirable.Use the technique of this improvement in formula, have to increase the consumption of vitamin, increase feed cost.Except sinking pellet diet, also has expanded buoyancy fishing pellet now, the gelatinization degree of starch is substantially increased with the expanded pellet diet that bulking process is produced, but reduce the utilization rate of fish meal, soybean protein simultaneously, and can cause the heat loss of vitamin and non-refractory material equally, and bulking process processing cost is high.Therefore, develop that a kind of curing degree for fresh water cyprinid fish growth and development characteristics is high, digestibility is high, aquaculture cost is low, become the task of top priority to environment-friendly mixed feed and preparation method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the production technology of the growth and development characteristics of fresh water cyprinid fish, nutritional need and current fishing mixed feed, provide a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing compound feed prescription and preparation method.This mixed feed had both improve digestibility, had strengthened the resistance against diseases of cyprinid fish, had accelerated the speed of growth, had reduced feed cost, for raiser increases production and improves productivity, additionally reduced the discharge of metabolin and phytate phosphorus, protected water body environment.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed, is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: fish meal: 0 ~ 20%; Dregs of beans: 10 ~ 30%; Cotton dregs 5 ~ 20%; The dish dregs of rice: 10 ~ 30%; Flour: 10% ~ 20; Rice bran: 5 ~ 10%; Soya-bean oil: 1 ~ 2%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: l ~ 2%; B B-complex pre-mixing agent: 0.2%; Complex mineral element pre-mixing agent: O.5%; 50% Choline Chloride: 0.1 ~ O.2%; Zeolite powder l ~ 3%.Phytase pre-mixing agent: O.01 ~ 0.02%; Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: O.03 ~ O.04%; Every kg complex mineral element pre-mixing agent medium trace element content is: iron 30000.00mg, copper 600.00mg, zinc 6000.00mg, manganese 3000.00mg, iodine 10.00mg, selenium 40.00mg, cobalt 10.00mg, chromium 100.00mg; In every kg B B-complex pre-mixing agent, vitamin content is: VA5500000IU, VD31250000IU, VE30000.00mg, VB 18000.00mg, VB21l00.00mg, VB68000.00mg, VBl225.00mg, VK33000.00mg, biotin 100.00mg, nicotinic acid 30000.00mg, calcium pantothenate 32000.00mg, folic acid 1000.00mg, VC fat 250mg, 000.00, inositol 25000mg.
Further improvement of the present invention scheme is: phytase pre-mixing agent enzyme activity >=2500HYU/g.
Further improvement of the present invention scheme is: Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: viable count >=20,000,000,000 CFU/g.
Prepare a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed, comprise the following steps:
(1) taken respectively by mass percentage by above-mentioned raw materials, by raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice brans through once grain is broken, fineness 100% is crossed 20 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 40 mesh sieves.
(2) fish meal after pulverizing, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice bran are expected to mix with flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, zeolite powder etc., mixovariation coefficient < 10%.
(3) by mixture behind modified l ~ 2 of quality-adjusting device minute passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain particle to raise a pellet diameter be 3.0mm, length 5.0mm.
(4) the particle Cemented filling of having granulated is returned pulverizer and carry out separating twice, fineness 100% is crossed 40 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 60 mesh sieves.
(5) material after pulverizing and B B-complex pre-mixing agent, complex mineral element pre-mixing agent, soya-bean oil, Choline Chloride, phytase pre-mixing agent, Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent are carried out Homogeneous phase mixing, mixovariation coefficient < 8%.
(6) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of secondary mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pellet diameter is 1.5 ~ 4.0mm, length 2.0 ~ 5.0mm.
(7) particle that (6) obtain carried out cool, sieve, pack.
Further improvement of the present invention scheme is: pelleting temperature 80 ~ 100 ° for the first time, second time pelleting temperature 50 ~ 70 °.
Lack endogenous phytases in fish digestive system, the phytic acid bound phosphorus acid in feed cannot be utilized.Unemployed phytate phosphorus enters water body with ight soil, stimulates the growth of algae, accelerates the eutrophication of water body, causes fresh water water quality deterioration.Phytic acid can also with Ca
2+, Zn
2+, Fe
2+and Cu
2+form insoluble complex compound Deng the strong chelating of some digestive ferment in many kinds of metal ions, protein and fish body, affect fish to these mineral matter elements and the bioavailability of protein and the digestibility of part nutrient.In addition, phytate also easily causes the pyloric caecum of fish to damage.Neutral phytase is mainly used in alimentary canal without stomach, enteron aisle in neutral fresh water cyprinid fish feed, to improving growth efficiency, the quality of fish and to reduce the pollution of phytate phosphorus to environment in feed significant.
Lactic acid bacteria class (Lacticacidbacteria) be a kind of can decompose carbohydrate produce lactic acid without gemma gram-positive bacteria, can anaerobism, amphimicrobian grow.Acidic materials in lactic acid bacteria metabolite, lactein, hydrogen peroxide and CO
2etc. the growth that effectively can suppress pathogen, thus lactic acid bacteria be called as environmental protection, nonhazardous " broad spectrum antibiotic ".Lactic acid bacteria normally plays metabolic activity in vivo, can directly for host provides available essential amino acid and multivitamin (B race, K race etc.), promote the absorption of calcium, iron, phosphorus, zinc and VD, the lactic acid that metabolism produces and multiple Digest enzyme help fish to digest and assimilate.Lactic acid bacteria can produce a large amount of lacteins, and have inhibitory action to most bacterium, and blue-green algae is as prokaryotes, lactic acid bacteria also produces certain inhibitory action to it.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) present invention employs secondary mixing and secondary granulating process, high temperature granulating low temperature is granulated, after heat-sensitive substance, mixing is added, the amount of cure of starch and raw material can either be increased, add digestibility, do not affect again the effect of heat-sensitive substance as enzyme preparation and active bacteria formulation, improve the use value of feed.
(2) this feed with the addition of phytase preparation, improves the utilization rate of Dietary phosphorus, improves the production performance of animal, alleviates the ambient water pollution because animal high phosphorus ight soil causes.
(3) this feed with the addition of lactobacillus preparation, can promote the healthy development of fish intestines, strengthens fish immunity power, improves digesting and assimilating of feed, strengthens the Nutrition and Metabolism of fish, reduces feed coefficient.Bacillus acidi lactici can purify water simultaneously, suppresses blue algae growth, promotes the growth of beneficial algae.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, embodiment only for explaining the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: prepare mixed feed according to the following steps:
(1) raw material is taken respectively by mass percentage: fish meal: 5%; Dregs of beans: 15%; Cotton dregs 17%; The dish dregs of rice: 28%; Flour: 15%; Wheat bran: 6%; Rice bran: 10%; Soya-bean oil: 1%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 1%; B B-complex pre-mixing agent: 0.2%; Complex mineral element pre-mixing agent: 0.5%; 50% Choline Chloride: 0.1%; Zeolite powder 1.15%.Phytase pre-mixing agent: 0.02%; Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: 0.03%;
(2) by raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice brans through once pulverizing, fineness 100% cross 20 mesh sieves, 80% cross 40 mesh sieves.
(3) raw material such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice bran and flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, zeolite powder after pulverizing is mixed, mixovariation coefficient < 10%.
(4) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 80 ~ 100 °, pellet diameter is 3.0mm, length 5.0mm.
(5) the particle Cemented filling of having granulated is returned pulverizer and carry out separating twice, fineness 100% is crossed 40 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 60 mesh sieves.
(6) secondary mixing is carried out with mixer, material after pulverizing is mixed with B B-complex pre-mixing agent, complex mineral element pre-mixing agent, Choline Chloride, soya-bean oil, phytase pre-mixing agent, Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent, mixovariation coefficient < 8%.
(7) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of secondary mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 50 ~ 70 °, pellet diameter is 1.5 ~ 4.0mm, length 2.0 ~ 5.0mm.
(8) particle that step (7) obtains carried out cool, sieve, pack.
Embodiment 2:
(1) raw material is taken respectively by mass percentage: fish meal: 12%; Dregs of beans: 20%; Cotton dregs 15%; The dish dregs of rice: 20%; Flour: 15%; Wheat bran: 5%; Rice bran: 8%; Soya-bean oil: 1.5%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 1.2%; B B-complex pre-mixing agent: 0.2%; Complex mineral element pre-mixing agent: 0.5%; 50% Choline Chloride: 0.15%; Zeolite powder 1.4%.Phytase pre-mixing agent: 0.02%; Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: 0.03%;
(2) by raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice brans through once pulverizing, fineness 100% cross 20 mesh sieves, 80% cross 40 mesh sieves.
(3) raw material such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice bran and flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, zeolite powder after pulverizing is mixed, mixovariation coefficient < 10%.
(4) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 80 ~ 100 °, pellet diameter is 3.0mm, length 5.0mm.
(5) the particle Cemented filling of having granulated is returned pulverizer and carry out separating twice, fineness 100% is crossed 40 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 60 mesh sieves.
(6) secondary mixing is carried out with mixer, material after pulverizing is mixed with B B-complex pre-mixing agent, complex mineral element pre-mixing agent, Choline Chloride, soya-bean oil, phytase pre-mixing agent, Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent, mixovariation coefficient < 8%.
(7) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of secondary mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 50 ~ 70 °, pellet diameter is 1.5 ~ 4.0mm, length 2.0 ~ 5.0mm.
(8) particle that step (7) obtains carried out cool, sieve, pack.
Embodiment 3:
(1) raw material is taken respectively by mass percentage: fish meal: 20%; Dregs of beans: 25%; Cotton dregs 10%; The dish dregs of rice: 15%; Flour: 15%; Wheat bran: 3%; Rice bran: 6%; Soya-bean oil: 2%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 1.5%; B B-complex pre-mixing agent: 0.2%; Complex mineral element pre-mixing agent: 0.5%; 50% Choline Chloride: 0.2%; Zeolite powder 1.55%.Phytase pre-mixing agent: 0.01%; Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: 0.04%;
(2) by raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice brans through once pulverizing, fineness 100% cross 20 mesh sieves, 80% cross 40 mesh sieves.
(3) raw material such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice bran and flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, zeolite powder after pulverizing is mixed, mixovariation coefficient < 10%.
(4) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 80 ~ 100 °, pellet diameter is 3.0mm, length 5.0mm.
(5) the particle Cemented filling of having granulated is returned pulverizer and carry out separating twice, fineness 100% is crossed 40 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 60 mesh sieves.
(6) secondary mixing is carried out with mixer, material after pulverizing is mixed with B B-complex pre-mixing agent, complex mineral element pre-mixing agent, Choline Chloride, soya-bean oil, phytase pre-mixing agent, Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent, mixovariation coefficient < 8%.
(7) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of secondary mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pelleting temperature 50 ~ 70 °, pellet diameter is 1.5 ~ 4.0mm, length 2.0 ~ 5.0mm.
(8) particle that step (7) obtains carried out cool, sieve, pack.
Embodiment 4: with feedstuff feeding hybridized prussian carp provided by the invention, carry out culture experiment in pond.
(1) test is divided into test group and control group, test pond is 6 mouthfuls, the pond that condition is identical, test group and individual 3 mouthfuls of control group, area 1.2hm2, mean depth 1.5m, smooth at the bottom of pond, mud about 5cm at the bottom of pond, can arrange and can fill with, and water source is nature river, is furnished with 1 1.5kW paddle aerator, first 15 days of fingerling stocking with 25kg/667m
2tea bran is thoroughly cleaned up the pond, first 10 days of fingerling stocking, and execute and make base manure through the chicken manure 3000kg of fermentation, the 1m that then adds water cultivates water quality, makes water quality be 25cm to transparency during fingerling stocking.
(2) test carries out time from March 15 to October 20, totally 252 days.Test group is divided into three groups of feed combinations of specifically throwing something and feeding to be embodiment 3 feed of throwing something and feeding March 15 to May 30, throw the amount of raising on average about 5%, every morning 8:00, noon 11:30 and afternoon 15:30 throw raise.To throw something and feed June 1 to August 31 embodiment 2 feed, throw the amount of raising on average about 4%, every morning 7:30,11:00 and afternoon 14:00,17:00 throw and raise.To throw something and feed September 1 to October 20 embodiment 1 feed, throw the amount of raising on average about 3%, every morning 7:30,12:00 and afternoon 17:00 throw and raise.Control group is thrown something and fed and the feed of embodiment same recipe material rate, but does not add phytase and lactic acid bacteria pre-mixing agent, and adopts tradition granulating process to produce.
(3) test fingerling is purchased from national nurture of fish fingerlings base, be through 1 year cultivating 1 age fingerling, neat specification, physically fit, with potassium permanganate sterilization before throwing in, results take the method draining the disposable results of pond water.
(4) survival rate calculates, the rear mantissa of survival rate (%)=results/put mantissa × 100 in a suitable place to breed
(5) feed coefficient calculates, feed coefficient (%)=W
0/ W
2-W
1× 100
W in formula
1for putting front fish gross weight in a suitable place to breed, W
2for gathering in the crops rear fish gross weight, W
0for feed consumption.
(6) result of the test is as follows:
Result of the test shows, and use fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed of the present invention that test group hybridized prussian carp can be made to increase by 5.58% than contrast composition motility rate, feed coefficient reduces by 7.89%, can significantly improve economic benefit.
Claims (4)
1. a fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed, is characterized in that, is made up of: fish meal: 0 ~ 20% the raw material of following mass percent; Dregs of beans: 10 ~ 30%; Cotton dregs 5 ~ 20%; The dish dregs of rice: 10 ~ 30%; Flour: 10% ~ 20; Rice bran: 5 ~ 10%; Soya-bean oil: 1 ~ 2%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 1 ~ 2%; B B-complex pre-mixing agent: 0.2%; Complex mineral element pre-mixing agent: 0.5%; 50% Choline Chloride: 0.1 ~ 0.2%; Zeolite powder 1 ~ 3%.
2. a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also containing phytase pre-mixing agent: 0.01 ~ 0.02%; Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent: 0.03 ~ 0.04%.
3. prepare a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Raw material by mass percent according to claim 1:
(1) by raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice brans through once pulverizing, ensure 100% cross 20 mesh sieves, 80% cross 40 mesh sieves.
(2) raw material such as fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, dish cypress, rice bran and flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, zeolite powder after pulverizing is mixed, mixovariation coefficient < 10%.
(3) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pellet diameter is 3.0mm, length 5.0mm.
(4) the particle Cemented filling of having granulated is returned pulverizer and carry out separating twice, guarantee 100% is crossed 40 mesh sieves, 80% and is crossed 60 mesh sieves.
(5) material after pulverizing is mixed with B B-complex pre-mixing agent, complex mineral element pre-mixing agent, soya-bean oil, Choline Chloride, phytase pre-mixing agent, Bacillus acidi lactici pre-mixing agent, mixovariation coefficient < 8%.
(6) by the quality-adjusting device modified 1 ~ 2 minute after of secondary mixture through passing into steam, enter extruding granulator and granulate and obtain pellet, pellet diameter is 1.5 ~ 4.0mm, length 2.0 ~ 5.0mm.
(7) particle that step (6) obtains carried out cool, sieve, pack.
4. a kind of fresh water Cyprinidae fishing mixed feed according to claim 3, is characterized in that: pelleting temperature 80 ~ 100 ° for the first time, second time pelleting temperature 50 ~ 70 °.
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| CN104799105A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-07-29 | 湖州市农业科学研究院 | Fish feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105076885A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-11-25 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | Compound feed for rhynchocypris lagowskii |
| CN105565505A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 赵金 | Enzyme biological organic liquid for tilapia culture and application |
| CN105581057A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-18 | 河南科技大学 | Immunological enhancement feed for Cyprinus carpio haematopterus and preparation method of feed |
| CN108185126A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-22 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of half pierces thick lip carp compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110810671A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Compound feed capable of promoting intestinal health of juvenile carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN114557400A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-31 | 通威股份有限公司 | Cyprinus carpio feed with immunity enhancing effect and pond circulating culture method |
| CN114651914A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-24 | 河南省水产科学研究院 | Special feed for comprehensive planting and breeding of rice and fish in saline-alkali water area and processing technology thereof |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN104799105A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-07-29 | 湖州市农业科学研究院 | Fish feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105076885B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-07-17 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | A kind of La Shi Minnow carp compound feeds |
| CN105076885A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-11-25 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | Compound feed for rhynchocypris lagowskii |
| CN105565505A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 赵金 | Enzyme biological organic liquid for tilapia culture and application |
| CN105565505B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-10-30 | 中泓鑫海盐城生物技术有限公司 | For the ferment biological organic liquor of Rofe fish culture and application |
| CN105581057A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-18 | 河南科技大学 | Immunological enhancement feed for Cyprinus carpio haematopterus and preparation method of feed |
| CN108185126A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-22 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of half pierces thick lip carp compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110810671A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Compound feed capable of promoting intestinal health of juvenile carp and preparation method thereof |
| CN114557400A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-31 | 通威股份有限公司 | Cyprinus carpio feed with immunity enhancing effect and pond circulating culture method |
| WO2023159782A1 (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-31 | 通威股份有限公司 | Cyprinid fish feed having immunological enhancement effect and pond circulating culture method |
| CN114651914A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-24 | 河南省水产科学研究院 | Special feed for comprehensive planting and breeding of rice and fish in saline-alkali water area and processing technology thereof |
| CN114651914B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2024-04-19 | 河南大德生物技术有限公司 | Special feed for comprehensive planting and raising of rice and fish in saline-alkali water area and processing technology thereof |
| CN114651914B8 (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2024-05-28 | 河南省水产科学研究院 | Special feed for comprehensive planting and raising of rice and fish in saline-alkali water area and processing technology thereof |
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