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The Development of the Cooperative Movement and Civil Society in Almeria, Spain: Something from Nothing?

Author

Listed:
  • Cynthia Giagnocavo

    (Department of Economics and Business, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, Spain
    Chair Cátedra Coexphal-UAL in Agriculture, Cooperative Studies and Sustainable Development, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
    Center for Research in Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
    The University of Almeria is part of the Agri-food Campus of International Excellence ceiA3.)

Abstract
Cooperatives fulfilled a broad and central role not only in the economic development, but also in the creation of civil society, in a population decimated and fragmented by the politics and culture of the Franco dictatorship. The province of Almeria, Spain, is an example of smallholding rapid development due to the expansion of intensive greenhouse horticulture. It was the poorest Spanish province per capita in 1955, semi-arid, drought-ridden, and devoid of significant infrastructure. Its undereducated population held little promise for economic growth and a massive migration out of the province left it depopulated. Subsequent economic and social development of Almeria was closely tied to the establishment of both credit and agricultural cooperatives, which supported a new greenhouse agriculture for small plot family farmers organized around cooperatives. This paper focuses on how cooperatives were fundamental in constructing civil society for the benefit of poor rural people, even in the presence of significant negative social capital and undemocratic institutions during the Franco dictatorship. As the sector has modernized and matured, cooperatives have led the sustainable transformation of the business ecosystem. However, current shortcomings in the Almeria cooperative movement and civil society and challenges yet to be met are also raised.

Suggested Citation

  • Cynthia Giagnocavo, 2020. "The Development of the Cooperative Movement and Civil Society in Almeria, Spain: Something from Nothing?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:9820-:d:450308
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    References listed on IDEAS

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