نايتروجن

Nitrogen,  ₇N

Liquid nitrogen
Spectral lines of nitrogen
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ˈnaɪtrədʒən/ NY-trə-jən
Appearance	colorless gas, liquid or solid
Nitrogen په دوراني جدول کې
– ↑ N ↓ P carbon ← nitrogen → oxygen ‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	7
گروپ, پیریود	group 15 (pnictogens), period 2
بلاک	p-block
Element category	diatomic nonmetal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	[14.00643, 14.00728][۱] conventional: 14.007
Electron configuration	[He] 2s2 2p3
Electrons per shell	2, 5
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	گاز
دويلې کيدو ټکى	63.15 K ​(−210.00 °C, ​−346.00 °F)
يشنا ټکی	77.355 K ​(−195.795 °C, ​−320.431 °F)
کثافت (at STP)	1.251 g/L
when liquid, at b.p.	0.808 g/cm3
Triple point	63.151 K, ​12.52 kPa
Critical point	126.192 K, 3.3958 MPa
Heat of fusion	(N2) 0.72 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporisation	(N2) 5.56 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(N2) 29.124 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 37 41 46 53 62 77
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 ​(a strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 3.04
Ionisation energies	1st: 1402.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 2856 kJ/mol 3rd: 4578.1 kJ/mol (more)
Covalent radius	71±1 pm
Van der Waals radius	155 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​hexagonal
Speed of sound	353 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	25.83×10−3 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
CAS Number	17778-88-0 7727-37-9 (N2)
History
Discovery	Daniel Rutherford (1772)
Named by	Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790)
Main isotopes of nitrogen
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 13N syn 9.965 min ε 13C 14N 99.6% stable 15N 0.4% stable
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نايتروجن (په انگرېزي: Nitrogen) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د N سمبول او v اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

1. ↑ Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)