WO2022230078A1 - エアロゾル生成装置及び制御方法 - Google Patents
エアロゾル生成装置及び制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022230078A1 WO2022230078A1 PCT/JP2021/016885 JP2021016885W WO2022230078A1 WO 2022230078 A1 WO2022230078 A1 WO 2022230078A1 JP 2021016885 W JP2021016885 W JP 2021016885W WO 2022230078 A1 WO2022230078 A1 WO 2022230078A1
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- temperature
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- control
- heating unit
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 82
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
- A24F40/57—Temperature control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an aerosol generator and control method.
- An electrically heated aerosol generator that generates an aerosol by heating an aerosol source and delivers the generated aerosol to a user.
- electronic cigarettes are one type of such aerosol-generating devices that add flavoring components to the generated aerosol for inhalation by the user.
- the amount of aerosol generated from the aerosol source per unit time varies depending on the properties and shape of the substrate containing the aerosol source as well as the temperature at which the substrate is heated.
- the aerosol generating device controls the heating temperature such that the desired amount of aerosol is delivered to the user.
- a representation of temperature change over time is called a temperature profile
- a temperature profile defined in chronological order for realizing a desired temperature profile is called a heating profile.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,900,000 raises the temperature of the heating element to a high value in a first step, lowers the temperature of the heating element to a lower value in a second step, and lowers the temperature of the heating element in a third step. It discloses a temperature profile with a gradual increase. This temperature profile flattens the amount of aerosol generation to some extent over time. In order to realize this temperature profile, Patent Document 1 also discloses that the temperature of the heating element is led to the target temperature by PID control, which is typical feedback control. Patent Literature 2 discloses a method of temporarily stopping power supply to a heating element when the temperature of the heating element, which has been raised once, is lowered.
- JP 2020-74797 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-531049
- the timing of the progress varies depending on the conditions, and the user may end the session early or, conversely, reduce the amount of aerosol generated due to prolonged sessions. It can lead to loss of experience.
- the technology according to the present disclosure seeks to at least partially eliminate or alleviate the above-described disadvantages and achieve improved temperature control for aerosol generation.
- a heating unit that heats an aerosol source to generate an aerosol, a power source that supplies power to the heating unit, a thermistor that outputs a value dependent on the temperature of the heating unit, Power is supplied to the heating unit in a first section in which a target value for temperature control of the heating section is set to a value corresponding to a first temperature and power is supplied from the power source to the heating section. a subsequent second interval in which the supply of power from the power supply to the heating unit is stopped so that the temperature of the heating unit decreases toward a second temperature lower than the first temperature; and the second interval.
- a first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating unit is used to control the supply of power from the power supply, and a second temperature index based on the output value from the thermistor is used to determine the timing for ending the second interval.
- An aerosol generating device is provided that determines using.
- the control unit may end the second interval when it is determined from the second temperature index that the temperature of the heating unit has reached the second temperature.
- the control unit corrects the second temperature index in the second interval based on the relationship between the first temperature index and the second temperature index, and uses the corrected second temperature index to It may be determined whether the temperature of the heating unit has reached the second temperature.
- the control unit acquires the first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating unit and the second temperature index based on the output value from the thermistor in a section preceding the second section, The relationship between the obtained first temperature indicator and the obtained second temperature indicator may be determined.
- the relationship between the first temperature indicator and the second temperature indicator may include a difference in temperature change rate between the first temperature indicator and the second temperature indicator.
- the control unit supplies power from the power source in the third interval using a different set of control parameters depending on the temperature of the heating unit indicated by the first temperature indicator when starting the third interval. may be controlled.
- the control unit performs first control for restoring the temperature of the heating unit to the second temperature when the temperature of the heating unit is lower than the second temperature when the third interval is started. using a parameter set, if the temperature of the heating unit at the start of the third interval is a third temperature that is greater than or equal to the second temperature, maintaining the temperature of the heating unit at the third temperature; A second set of control parameters for may be used.
- the first control parameter set includes a feedback control proportional gain first value
- the second control parameter set includes a feedback control proportional gain second value
- the first value is It may be greater than the second value
- the first value of the proportional gain of feedback control included in the first set of control parameters may be equal to the value of the proportional gain used when preheating the heating unit.
- the control unit may end the second interval even before the temperature of the heating unit reaches the second temperature, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the second interval. .
- a control method for controlling the generation of aerosol in an aerosol generator.
- the control method may include processing steps corresponding to any combination of the above-described features of the aerosol generating device.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining insertion of a tobacco stick into the aerosol generating device of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic circuit configuration of the aerosol generator of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a measurement circuit used to measure the temperature of the heating section;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a measurement period and a PWM control period during a heating period;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the positional relationship between the heating unit and the thermistor; Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the temperature profile and heating profile which concern on one Embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining insertion of a tobacco stick into the aerosol generating device of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic circuit configuration of the aerosol generator of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of a measurement circuit used to measure
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile when a remaining time is added to the time length of the subsequent section because the temperature drop section ends earlier than the predetermined time;
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the first temperature index and the second temperature index;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing two examples of temperature profiles when the target temperature of the subsequent interval is reset to the temperature at the end of the temperature drop interval.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile in a case where the subsequent section is shortened because the temperature drop section ends later than the predetermined time in the first modification;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile in a case where the subsequent section is shortened because the temperature drop section ends later than the predetermined time in the second modification;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile in a case where the end of the temperature drop section is significantly delayed from the predetermined time, so that the subsequent section is skipped and the further subsequent section is shortened in the first modified example;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile in a case where the subsequent section is shortened because the temperature drop section ends later than the predetermined time in the second modification
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile in a case where the end of the temperature drop section is significantly delayed from the predetermined time, so that the subsequent section is skipped and the further subsequent section is shortened in the second modification; Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the temperature profile in the case of resetting the target temperature of the temperature maintenance area before completion
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature profile including a recovery section according to a third modified example;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of the configuration of profile data describing a heating profile;
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the configuration of profile data describing a heating profile; 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the overall flow of aerosol generation processing according to one embodiment;
- FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing an example of a temperature control process flow for the PID control section of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a first example of the flow of temperature control processing for the off period of FIG. 18;
- FIG. FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a second example of the flow of temperature control processing for the off period of FIG. 18;
- FIG. FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a third example of the flow of temperature control processing for the off period of FIG. 18;
- 4 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of a process for judging the end of a preheating period.
- 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a process for determining the end of a temperature drop section;
- 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of control parameter selection processing after the end of the temperature drop section;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an aerosol generator 10 according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining insertion of a tobacco stick into the aerosol generating device 10 shown in FIG.
- the aerosol generating device 10 comprises a main body 101, a front panel 102, a viewing window 103 and a slider 104.
- the main body 101 is a housing that supports one or more circuit boards of the aerosol generating device 10 inside.
- the main body 101 has a substantially rounded rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the vertical direction in the figure.
- the size of the main body 101 may be, for example, a size that allows the user to hold it with one hand.
- the front panel 102 is a flexible panel member that covers the front surface of the main body 101 . Front panel 102 may be removable from body 101 .
- the front panel 102 also functions as an input unit for accepting user input. For example, when the user presses the center of the front panel 102, a button (not shown) disposed between the main body 101 and the front panel 102 is pressed, and user input can be detected.
- the display window 103 is a strip-shaped window extending in the longitudinal direction at substantially the center of the front panel 102 .
- the display window 103 transmits light emitted by one or more LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) arranged between the main body 101 and the front panel 102 to the outside.
- LEDs Light-Emitting Diodes
- the slider 104 is a cover member slidably disposed on the upper surface of the main body 101 along the direction 104a. As shown in FIG. 2, when the slider 104 is slid forward in the drawing (that is, the slider 104 is opened), the opening 106 on the upper surface of the main body 101 is exposed. When inhaling aerosol using the aerosol generator 10, the user inserts the tobacco stick 15 from the opening 106 exposed by opening the slider 104 into the tubular insertion hole 107 along the direction 106a.
- the cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the insertion hole 107 may be circular, elliptical, or polygonal, for example, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases toward the bottom surface.
- the outer surface of the tobacco stick 15 inserted into the insertion hole 107 is pressed from the inner surface of the insertion hole 107, preventing the tobacco stick 15 from falling off due to the frictional force, and preventing the tobacco stick 15 from falling off from the heating unit 130, which will be described later.
- the transfer efficiency of heat transfer to is enhanced.
- a tobacco stick 15 is a tobacco article that holds a filler inside a tubular wrapping paper.
- the filling of tobacco sticks 15 may be, for example, a mixture of an aerosol-generating substrate and tobacco cuts.
- aerosol-generating substrates substrates containing any type of aerosol source may be used, such as glycerin, propylene glycol, triacetin, 1,3-butanediol, or mixtures thereof.
- Tobacco shreds are so-called flavor sources. Tobacco shredded material may be, for example, laminae or backbones.
- a non-tobacco-derived flavor source may be used instead of tobacco shreds.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic circuit configuration of the aerosol generator 10.
- the aerosol generating device 10 includes a control unit 120, a storage unit 121, an input detection unit 122, a state detection unit 123, an suction detection unit 124, a light emission unit 125, a vibration unit 126, and a communication interface (I/F). 127 , connection I/F 128 , heating unit 130 , first switch 131 , second switch 132 , battery 140 , booster circuit 141 , fuel gauge 142 , measuring circuit 150 , and thermistor 155 .
- I/F communication interface
- the control unit 120 may be a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a microcontroller.
- the control unit 120 controls all functions of the aerosol generation device 10 by executing computer programs (also referred to as software or firmware) stored in the storage unit 121 .
- the storage unit 121 may be, for example, a semiconductor memory.
- the storage unit 121 stores one or more computer programs and various data (for example, profile data 51 describing the heating profile 50) used for heating control, which will be described later.
- the input detection unit 122 is a detection circuit for detecting user input.
- the input detection unit 122 detects, for example, pressing of the front panel 102 by the user (that is, pressing of a button), and outputs an input signal indicating the detected state to the control unit 120 .
- the aerosol generating device 10 may comprise any kind of input device, such as buttons, switches or touch-sensitive surfaces.
- the state detection unit 123 is a detection circuit for detecting the open/closed state of the slider 104 . State detection unit 123 outputs a state detection signal indicating whether slider 104 is open or closed to control unit 120 .
- the suction detection unit 124 is a detection circuit for detecting suction (puffing) of the tobacco stick 15 by the user.
- suction detection unit 124 may include a thermistor (not shown) disposed near opening 106 . In this case, the suction detection unit 124 can detect suction based on a change in the resistance value of the thermistor caused by a temperature change caused by the user's suction.
- the suction detection unit 124 may include a pressure sensor (not shown) arranged at the bottom of the insertion hole 107 . In this case, the suction detection unit 124 can detect suction based on a decrease in air pressure caused by airflow caused by suction.
- the suction detection unit 124 outputs, for example, a suction detection signal indicating whether or not suction is being performed to the control unit 120 .
- the light emitting unit 125 includes one or more LEDs and a driver for driving the LEDs.
- Light emitting unit 125 causes each of the LEDs to emit light according to an instruction signal input from control unit 120 .
- Vibrating section 126 includes a vibrator (eg, an eccentric motor) and a driver for driving the vibrator. Vibrating section 126 vibrates the vibrator according to an instruction signal input from control section 120 .
- the control unit 120 may use one or both of the light emitting unit 125 and the vibrating unit 126 in any pattern, for example, to notify the user of some status of the aerosol generating device 10 (eg progress of a session). .
- the light emission pattern of the light emitting unit 125 can be distinguished by factors such as the light emission state of each LED (constant light emission/blinking/non-light emission), blinking period, and emission color.
- the vibration pattern of the vibrating section 126 can be distinguished by factors such as the vibration state (vibration/stop) of the vibrator and the strength of the vibration.
- the wireless I/F 127 is a communication interface for the aerosol generating device 10 to wirelessly communicate with other devices (for example, a PC (Personal Computer) or smartphone owned by the user).
- the wireless I/F 127 may be an interface conforming to any wireless communication protocol such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), NFC (Near Field Communication), or wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
- the connection I/F 128 is a wired interface having terminals for connecting the aerosol generating device 10 to other devices.
- the connection I/F 128 may be, for example, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface. Connection I/F 128 may be used to charge battery 140 from an external power supply (via a power supply line not shown).
- the heating unit 130 is a resistance heating component that heats the aerosol source contained in the aerosol-generating substrate of the tobacco stick 15 to generate an aerosol.
- the resistance heating material of the heating part 130 for example, one or a mixture of two or more of copper, nickel alloy, chromium alloy, stainless steel, and platinum-rhodium may be used.
- One end of the heating unit 130 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 140 via the first switch 131 and the booster circuit 141 , and the other end of the heating unit 130 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 140 via the second switch 132 .
- the first switch 131 is a switching element provided on the feeder line between the heating section 130 and the booster circuit 141 .
- Second switch 132 is a switching element provided in the ground line between heating unit 130 and battery 140 .
- the first switch 131 and the second switch 132 may be FETs (Field Effect Transistors), for example.
- the battery 140 is a power source for supplying power to the heating unit 130 and other components of the aerosol generating device 10. In FIG. 3, power supply lines from the battery 140 to components other than the heating unit 130 are omitted.
- Battery 140 may be, for example, a lithium-ion battery.
- a booster circuit (DC/DC converter) 141 is a voltage conversion circuit that amplifies the voltage of the battery 140 to supply power to the heating unit 130 .
- the remaining amount gauge 142 is an IC chip for monitoring the remaining amount of power of the battery 140 and other statuses. The fuel gauge 142 periodically measures the status values of the battery 140, for example, the state of charge (SOC), the state of health (SOH), the relative state of charge (RSOC), and the power supply voltage, A measurement result can be output to the control unit 120 .
- SOC state of charge
- SOH state of health
- RSOC relative state of charge
- the control unit 120 starts supplying power from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 when a user input requesting the start of heating is detected.
- the user input here may be, for example, a long press of a button detected by the input detection unit 122 .
- the control unit 120 outputs a control signal to the first switch 131 and the second switch 132 to turn on both switches, thereby supplying power from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 with the voltage amplified by the booster circuit 141. be able to.
- the first switch 131 and the second switch 132 are FETs
- the control signal output from the control section 120 to both switches is a control pulse applied to each gate.
- the control unit 120 adjusts the duty ratio of this control pulse by pulse width modulation (PWM) in temperature control, which will be described later.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the control unit 120 may use pulse frequency modulation (PFM) instead of PWM.
- the control unit 120 controls the power supply from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 throughout the heating period, including the preheating period and the suckable period, according to a desired temperature profile to provide a good user experience.
- control to achieve The control may be mainly feedback control in which the temperature index having a correlation with the temperature of the heating unit 130 is used as a control amount, and the PWM duty ratio is used as an operation amount.
- PID control shall be adopted as feedback control.
- the aerosol generating device 10 has two types of measurement units for measuring the temperature index of the heating unit 130 .
- the measurement circuit 150 shown in FIG. 3 is one of these two types of measurement units, and measures the first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating unit 130 .
- Another measuring unit is a thermistor 155, which will be described later.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of measurement circuit 150 shown in FIG.
- measurement circuit 150 includes voltage dividing resistors 151 , 152 , 153 and operational amplifier 154 .
- One end of the voltage dividing resistor 151 is connected to the power supply voltage V TEMP and the other end is connected to one end of the voltage dividing resistor 152 .
- the other end of voltage dividing resistor 152 is grounded.
- a contact point between the voltage dividing resistor 151 and the voltage dividing resistor 152 is connected to the terminal ADC_VTEMP of the control section 120 .
- An input to terminal ADC_VTEMP indicates a reference value for resistance measurements.
- One end of the voltage dividing resistor 153 is connected to the power supply voltage V TEMP and the other end is connected to the power supply line of the heating unit 130 .
- a contact point between the voltage dividing resistor 153 and the power supply line of the heating unit 130 is connected to a first input terminal of an operational amplifier 154 .
- a second input terminal of the operational amplifier 154 is grounded.
- the output terminal of operational amplifier 154 is connected to terminal ADC_HEAT_TEMP of control section 120 .
- the input to the terminal ADC_HEAT_TEMP indicates a value that varies with the electrical resistance value Rh that depends on the temperature of the heating unit 130 .
- the control unit 120 can calculate the electrical resistance value Rh of the heating unit 130 based on the ratio of the input value to the terminal ADC_HEAT_TEMP to the input value (reference value) to the terminal ADC_VTEMP.
- the electrical resistance value of the heating unit 130 has a characteristic that it monotonically increases (that is, has a correlation with the temperature) as the temperature rises, for example. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 120 uses the electrical resistance value of the heating unit 130 calculated using the measurement circuit 150 as a temperature index (first temperature index) as a controlled variable for PID control. Of course, the controller 120 may further convert the calculated electrical resistance value into temperature using the temperature coefficient of resistance, and use the derived measured temperature as the controlled variable for PID control.
- the temperature control of the heating unit 130 is performed mainly by determining the PWM duty ratio of power supplied to the heating unit 130 by PID control.
- the PID control target value resistance value corresponding to the target temperature
- R TGT [ ⁇ ] the index value (measured resistance value) of the first temperature index in the current control cycle n (n is an integer)
- R (n) ⁇ ] the duty ratio D(n) of the control cycle n can be derived, for example, according to the following equation (1):
- K p , K i and K d represent proportional, integral and derivative gains, respectively.
- saturation control may be applied to the cumulative value of the deviation of the index value from the target value in the second term on the right side, which is the integral term.
- the cumulative value is replaced with the upper limit value when the cumulative value exceeds the predetermined upper limit value, and the cumulative value is replaced with the lower limit value when the cumulative value is below the predetermined lower limit value.
- the control unit 120 makes part of the repeated control cycle a measurement period for measuring the first temperature index, and the rest of the control cycle This is a PWM control period for performing PWM control.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the measurement period and the PWM control period during the heating period.
- the horizontal axis in the drawing represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage applied to the heating unit 130 .
- One control cycle during the heating period consists of an initial measurement period 20 and a remaining PWM control period 30 .
- the period from t0 to t1 is the measurement period 20 of one control cycle
- the period from t1 to t2 is the PWM control period 30 of the control cycle.
- the period from t2 to t3 is the measurement period 20 of the next one control cycle
- the period from t3 to t4 is the PWM control period 30 of the control cycle.
- the length of one control cycle corresponds to the period of measurement of the first temperature index, and may be several tens of milliseconds, for example.
- the control unit 120 applies a very short pulse 21 (for example, a pulse width of 2 ms) to the heating unit 130 a plurality of times (for example, 8 times) during the measurement period 20, and in one measurement period 20,
- the average value of the resistance values calculated multiple times using the measurement circuit 150 is set as the measured value R(n) of the first temperature index.
- the control unit 120 uses the measured value R(n), calculates the PWM duty ratio D(n) of the control cycle n according to the above control formula.
- the control unit 120 applies a pulse 31 having a pulse width W1 corresponding to the product of the length W0 of the period and the duty ratio D(n) to the heating unit 130 (with the same pulse width output a control pulse with W1 to the first switch 131 and the second switch 132).
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 is controlled so as to approach the target value.
- the control cycle described above can continue to be repeated.
- the method of applying a pulse to the heating unit 130 during the measurement period 20 raises the temperature of the heating unit 130 and consumes the remaining battery power, even if the pulse width is short.
- the desired temperature profile of heating unit 130 may include a period during which the temperature of heating unit 130, once raised to a high value, is lowered to a lower value. It is advantageous not to apply any pulse to the heating unit 130 during this period, in order to efficiently lower the temperature of the heating unit 130 .
- the measurement circuit 150 cannot be used to measure the first temperature index if no pulse is applied to the heating unit 130 .
- the aerosol generator 10 further includes a thermistor 155, as schematically shown in FIG.
- Thermistor 155 is arranged near heating unit 130 and outputs a value dependent on the temperature of heating unit 130 to control unit 120 .
- Control unit 120 uses the second temperature index based on the output value from thermistor 155 (for example, by comparing the index value with the target value) in the interval in which the temperature of heating unit 130 is lowered, and terminates the interval. Determine when to let On the other hand, control unit 120 controls power supply from battery 140 to heating unit 130 using the first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of heating unit 130 as described above in other sections.
- a period of measurement of the second temperature index may be, for example, several tens to several hundreds of milliseconds.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the positional relationship between the heating part 130 and the thermistor 155 viewed from the direction 106a (the axial direction of the insertion hole 107) in FIG.
- tubular member 130a is a member that defines the space of insertion hole 107 for receiving tobacco stick 15 .
- the cylindrical member 130a is made of a material with high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel (SUS) or aluminum.
- the film heater 130b is wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical member 130a.
- the film heater 130b consists of a pair of films with high heat resistance and insulation, and a resistance heating material sandwiched between the films.
- the heating unit 130 is composed of the tubular member 130a and the film heater 130b.
- the heat insulating member 108 is wound so as to surround the outer periphery of the film heater 130b.
- the heat insulating member 108 is made of glass wool, for example, and protects other components of the aerosol generating device 10 from the heat of the heating unit 130 .
- the thermistor 155 is arranged outside the heat insulating member 108 .
- the surface of the film heater 130b is usually smooth, and if the thermistor 155 is arranged on the outer surface of the film heater 130b, positioning tends to be difficult.
- the provision facilitates the positioning of the thermistor 155 and also achieves good protection of the control circuit connected to the thermistor 155 .
- the second temperature index based on the output value from the thermistor 155 is displayed with some delay. It will follow changes in temperature.
- Control unit 120 performs temperature control of heating unit 130 according to a heating profile, which is a control sequence that defines the temporal transition of control conditions for realizing a desired temperature profile.
- a heating profile is a control sequence that defines the temporal transition of control conditions for realizing a desired temperature profile.
- the heating profile consists of a plurality of sections that divide the heating period in terms of time, and designates the temperature control specifications for each section using target values and other control parameters.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the temperature profile and heating profile that can be employed in this embodiment.
- the horizontal axis in the drawing represents the elapsed time from the start of power supply to the heating unit 130
- the vertical axis represents the temperature of the heating unit 130 .
- a thick polygonal line represents a temperature profile 40 as an example.
- the temperature profile 40 consists of a preheating period (T0-T2) at the beginning and a suckable period (T2-T8) following the preheating period.
- T0-T2 preheating period
- T2-T8 suckable period
- the length of the entire aspirable period may be about 5 minutes, and the user can aspirate a dozen or so times during the aspirable period.
- the preheating period includes a temperature rising section (T0 to T1) in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is rapidly increased from the environmental temperature H0 to the first temperature H1, and a maintenance section (T1) in which the temperature of the heating section 130 is maintained at the first temperature H1. ⁇ T2).
- T0 to T1 a temperature rising section
- T1 a maintenance section
- T2 the temperature of the heating section 130 is maintained at the first temperature H1.
- the suckable period includes a maintenance interval (T2 to T3) in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is maintained at the first temperature H1, a temperature decrease interval (T3 to T4) in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is decreased toward the second temperature H2, and A maintenance interval (T4-T5) is included to maintain the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the second temperature H2.
- T2 to T3 a maintenance interval in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is maintained at the first temperature H1
- T3 to T4 in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is decreased toward the second temperature H2
- a maintenance interval (T4-T5) is included to maintain the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the second temperature H2.
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 is further increased gradually from the second temperature H2 to the third temperature H3 (T5 to T6), and the temperature of the heating unit 130 is maintained at the third temperature H3. It includes a maintenance interval (T6-T7) and a temperature-decreasing interval (T7-T8) in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 is lowered toward the environmental temperature H0.
- T6-T7 maintenance interval
- T7-T8 temperature-decreasing interval
- the first temperature H1 may be 295°C
- the second temperature H2 may be 230°C
- the third temperature H3 may be 260°C.
- different temperature profiles may be designed, for example, depending on the design guidelines of the manufacturer, user preferences, or characteristics of each type of tobacco article.
- the heating profile 50 consists of eight sections S0 to S7 bounded by T1 to T7. However, as will be explained later, the timing of the transition between the two intervals does not necessarily coincide with one of the times T1-T7 shown, but rather according to the termination conditions specified for each interval.
- the heating profile 50 defines one or more of the control parameters listed below for each of the intervals S0-S7: ⁇ "Section type" ⁇ "Target temperature” ⁇ "Target temperature resistance value” ⁇ "PID control type” ⁇ "gain" ⁇ "Length” ⁇ "Exit conditions"
- “Section type” is a parameter that specifies whether the section is a PID control section or an OFF section.
- the PID control section is a section in which PID control is performed based on the first temperature index calculated by the control section 120 using the measurement circuit 150 .
- the OFF section is a section in which the control unit 120 does not perform PID control and stops power supply to the heating unit 130 .
- Target temperature is a parameter that specifies the temperature of the heating unit 130 that should be reached at the end of the section.
- “Target temperature resistance value” is a parameter that designates a value obtained by converting the value of "target temperature” into a resistance value. For example, the target temperature H TGT [°C] can be converted to the target temperature resistance value R TGT [ ⁇ ] according to the following equation (2):
- H ENV represents the standard environmental temperature
- ⁇ represents the temperature resistance coefficient of the resistance heating material of the heating unit 130
- R ENV represents the electrical resistance value at the standard environmental temperature.
- the values of H ENV , ⁇ and R ENV are all measured or derived in a preliminary evaluation test and stored in the storage unit 121 in advance.
- PID control type is a parameter that specifies whether the target value is maintained constant at the value of "target temperature resistance value” over the PID control section, or whether the target value is changed linearly by linear interpolation. is. If the “PID control type” is “constant”, the control unit 120 performs feedback control while keeping the target value of temperature control constant in the section. If the “PID control type” is “linear interpolation”, the control unit 120 performs feedback control while changing the target value of temperature control step by step in the section.
- the control target value in “linear interpolation” is set to a specific start value (e.g., the current measurement value or the target value of the previous interval) at the beginning of the interval, and becomes the "target temperature resistance value” at the end of the interval. can be raised or lowered substantially linearly (actually in steps per control cycle).
- "PID control type” may be considered, together with “interval type”, to be parameters that specify the control strategy to be applied to temperature control in each interval.
- Gains is a set of parameters that specify the values of proportional gain K p , integral gain K i , and derivative gain K d for a PID control interval. Note that when a gain value different from the gain value specified in the preceding interval is specified for a certain PID control interval, the cumulative deviation of the integral term of feedback control (the second term on the right side of equation (1)) may be reset. .
- “Length of time” is a parameter that specifies the length of time defined in advance for each section.
- “Termination condition” is a parameter that designates a condition for terminating temperature control for each section (that is, a condition for transitioning temperature control to the next section).
- a “termination condition” may be, for example, any of the following C1, C2 and C3: C1: Elapsed time specified by “time length” C2: Temperature index reaches resistance value specified by "target temperature resistance value” C3: Whichever is earlier of C1 and C2 An internal timer circuit may be provided for determination of C1 and C3.
- the control unit 120 calculates the coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ is a positive number slightly smaller than 1) representing the allowable deviation between the temperature index and the target value RTGT when determining the conditions C2 and C3 in the temperature rising section.
- N COUNT the number of measurement periods 20
- M is an integer greater than 1
- Section S0 is the beginning section of the heating profile 50 .
- the "section type” of the section S0 is the “PID control section", and the “target temperature” is the first temperature H1.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is a resistance value (hereinafter referred to as R1) corresponding to the first temperature H1.
- the "PID control type” in section S0 may be "constant”, and in “gain”, the proportional gain Kp is set to a higher value than in other sections, so that the time required for temperature rise is reduced as much as possible. shortened.
- the “end condition” of section S0 is condition C2, specifically, reaching the resistance value R1 of the first temperature index.
- the control unit 120 further divides the section S0 into the first half section and the second half section. may be supplied. Thereby, the preheating period can be effectively shortened and delivery of the aerosol to the user can be started quickly.
- the "section type” of the section S1 is the "PID control section", and the “target temperature” is the first temperature H1.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is the resistance value R1 corresponding to the first temperature H1.
- the "PID control type” of section S1 may be “constant”.
- the “gain” in the section S1 can be set to a value that stabilizes the temperature of the heating unit 130 near the first temperature H1, unlike the case of a rapid temperature rise in the section S0 (for example, in the section S0 A proportional gain with a smaller value than the specified proportional gain may be specified for interval S1).
- the "length of time” of section S1 can be set to a value within a range of several seconds, for example.
- the 'end condition' of the section S1 is the condition C1, specifically, the passage of time indicated by the 'length of time'.
- the control unit 120 activates the timer at the start of the section S1, and when determining that the time indicated by the "length of time" has elapsed, notifies the user of the end of the preheating period.
- the notification here may be performed by one or both of light emission of the light emitting unit 125 in a predetermined light emission pattern and vibration of the vibrating unit 126 in a predetermined vibration pattern. By sensing this notification, the user recognizes that preparation for suctioning is complete and that suctioning can be started.
- Start session (S2)> The "section type” of the section S2 is the “PID control section", and the “target temperature” is the first temperature H1.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is the resistance value R1 corresponding to the first temperature H1.
- the "PID control type” of section S2 may be “constant”.
- the "gain” of interval S2 may be the same as interval S1.
- the "time length” of the section S2 can be set to a value within the range of several seconds to ten and several seconds, for example.
- the 'end condition' of the section S2 is the condition C1, specifically, the passage of time indicated by the 'length of time'.
- the user normally starts inhaling the aerosol generated by the aerosol generating device 10 from section S2.
- the control unit 120 Based on the suction detection signal input from the suction detection unit 124, the control unit 120 measures one or more of the number of times of suction, the frequency of suction, the suction time for each suction, and the cumulative suction time, and obtains the measurement result. may be stored in the storage unit 121 . This measurement can be continuously performed after the section S3.
- the "section type” of section S3 is “off section", and the "target temperature” is the second temperature H2.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is a resistance value (hereinafter referred to as R2) corresponding to the second temperature H2. That is, in section S3, control unit 120 stops power supply from battery 140 to heating unit 130 so that the temperature of heating unit 130 decreases toward second temperature H2, which is lower than first temperature H1. . Since section S3 is an off section, "PID control type” and “gain” are not set.
- the "length of time” of section S3 can be set to a value within the range of several tens of seconds, for example.
- the "terminating condition” of section S3 is condition C3.
- the control unit 120 terminates the section S3. However, even before the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the second temperature H2, the control unit 120 ends the section S3 when the time indicated by the "time length" has elapsed from the start of the section S3. . In other words, the control unit 120 terminates the section S3 and transitions the temperature control to the section S4 at the earlier of the arrival of the second temperature index to the target value and the elapse of a predetermined time from the start of the section. .
- the interval S3 ends when the second temperature index reaches the target value earlier than the time (for example, T3 in FIG. 7) at which the time indicated by the “length of time” elapses from the start of the interval S3, the following If the time length of the section is not changed, the total time of the session will be shortened. Premature termination of the session may itself cause user dissatisfaction, or may lead to the inconvenience that the aerosol source contained in the aerosol-generating substrate is not fully depleted. Therefore, if the control unit 120 ends the section S3 earlier than the time indicated by the "time length" of the section S3, the remaining time up to that time is transferred to the subsequent section (for example, the section S4). in addition to the "length of time" specified for FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows a temperature profile 40a when the remaining time is added to the time length of the subsequent section S4 because the section S3 ends earlier than the predetermined time, in contrast with the temperature profile 40 of FIG. there is
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the second temperature H2 at T3a preceding T4.
- the time length of section S4 is added by the remaining time (T4-T3a).
- the rate of decrease in the temperature of the heating unit 130 differs depending on the environmental conditions. Beneficial for efficient consumption of resources and improved user satisfaction.
- the second temperature index based on the output value from thermistor 155 follows the change in temperature of heating unit 130 with some delay. Therefore, if the control unit 120 compares the second temperature index as it is with the target value to determine the end of the section S3, the temperature of the heating unit 130 may be further decreased from the target temperature at the end of the section S3. There is If the temperature of the heating section 130 is too low, the amount of aerosol generated from the aerosol-generating substrate will be small, and the smoking taste will deteriorate. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 120 corrects the second temperature index so as to compensate for the delay in change of the second temperature index in the interval S3, and compares the corrected index value with the target value.
- the controller 120 determines whether the temperature of the heating unit 130 has reached the second temperature H2. For the correction of the second temperature indicator, the controller 120 uses a pre-determined relationship between the first temperature indicator and the second temperature indicator. For example, in a section preceding section S3 (for example, section S0), control unit 120 sets the second temperature index based on the output value from thermistor 155 in addition to the first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of heating unit 130. also get Then, the control unit 120 determines the relationship between the acquired first temperature index and the acquired second temperature index prior to the start of the section S3.
- a section preceding section S3 for example, section S0
- control unit 120 sets the second temperature index based on the output value from thermistor 155 in addition to the first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of heating unit 130. also get Then, the control unit 120 determines the relationship between the acquired first temperature index and the acquired second temperature index prior to the start of the section S3.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the first temperature index and the second temperature index.
- a solid line graph 61 represents an example of temporal change in the value of the first temperature index when temperature control is performed up to T4 according to the heating profile 50 described using FIG.
- a dashed-dotted line graph 62 represents an example of temporal changes in the value of the second temperature index when temperature control is performed up to T4 according to the same heating profile 50 .
- the first temperature index and the second temperature index draw substantially linear trajectories, but the first temperature index
- the temperature change rate indicated by the second temperature index (slope g 2 in the figure) is relatively small with respect to the temperature change rate indicated by (slope g 1 in the figure), and the first temperature index reaches the target value at T1. Even if it reaches, the second temperature index does not reach the target value.
- the difference from the target value of the second temperature index gradually decreases from section S1 to section S2 (as the heat of heating unit 130 is transmitted to thermistor 155 via heat insulating member 108), but even at T3, the difference from the target value The difference d1 remains.
- the section S3, that is, the OFF section starts at T3 the first temperature index and the second temperature index draw a substantially linear graph again while descending.
- the difference in slope between the two temperature indicators when the temperature of the heating unit 130 is decreased is equal to the difference in slope between the two temperature indicators when the temperature is increased (g 1 ⁇ g 2 ). (However, the sign is reversed). Then, the control unit 120 calculates the second A correction value to be applied to the temperature index can be calculated.
- the second temperature index is The correction value ⁇ h(t) to be added to the value.
- the control unit 120 instead of obtaining the slope g1 of the first temperature index and the slope g2 of the second temperature index individually, the control unit 120 causes the value of the second temperature index to reach a value corresponding to the second temperature H2, for example.
- the difference between the two slopes (g 1 ⁇ g 2 ) may be obtained by dividing the index value difference (d 2 in FIG. 9) at the point in time by the elapsed time up to that point.
- the above-described relationship between the first temperature index and the second temperature index is acquired and stored in the storage unit 121 before heating is started, not in the interval S0 to the interval S2 immediately before the interval S3. good too.
- the relationship between the first temperature index and the second temperature index may be obtained in an evaluation test before shipping the aerosol generating device 10 .
- the control unit 120 may acquire and record the values of the first temperature index and the second temperature index at the start and end of the section S3 in each session. In this case, the control unit 120 corrects the above-described second temperature index based on the difference in the rate of change of the two temperature index values recorded in the past in order to determine the conditions for ending the section S3 of the new session.
- the values of the two temperature indicators may be recorded in association with the environmental temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and the control unit 120 stores the record corresponding to the environmental temperature at the time of the new session.
- a correction value for the second temperature index may be calculated based on.
- the aerosol generating device 10 may have a temperature sensor for measuring the environmental temperature, or may receive environmental temperature data from another device via the wireless I/F 127 or the connection I/F 128. .
- control unit 120 uses the index value corrected to compensate for the delay in the change of the second temperature index to determine the end condition, so that the temperature of the heating unit 130 in the section S3 is the second temperature index. It is possible to prevent deterioration of the smoking taste by avoiding an excessive decrease exceeding the second temperature H2.
- the "section type” of section S4 is "PID control section". That is, the control unit 120 restarts the supply of electric power from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 in response to the transition of the temperature control from the section S3 to the section S4.
- the "target temperature” of the section S4 is the second temperature H2.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is the resistance value R2 corresponding to the second temperature H2.
- the "PID control type” of section S4 may be "constant”.
- the "gain” of section S4 may be the same as that set in sections S1 and S2.
- the “length of time” of section S4 can be set, for example, from several tens of seconds to several minutes.
- the "end condition" of the section S4 is the condition C1, specifically, the passage of time indicated by the “length of time”.
- the control unit 120 determines that the time indicated by the “length of time” has elapsed, it terminates the section S4 and shifts the temperature control to the section S5.
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the end point may be significantly higher than the second temperature H2.
- the "gain" of section S4 has a value tuned for the purpose of keeping the temperature constant. Therefore, when the target temperature is set to the second temperature H2 in the section S4 and the PID control is restarted, the temperature of the heating unit 130 becomes unstable due to the deviation of the temperature at the start of the section S4 from the second temperature H2. behavior. Therefore, when the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the end of the section S3 is higher than the second temperature H2, the control unit 120 may treat the temperature at that time as the target temperature of the section S4.
- FIG. 10 shows two examples of temperature profiles (temperature profiles 41a and 41b) when the target temperature resistance value corresponding to the temperature at the end of section S3 is reset as the target value for PID control in section S4. 7 in contrast to the temperature profile 40 of FIG.
- a temperature profile 41a is an example in which the temperature H2a at the end of the section S3 is lower than the third temperature H3.
- a temperature profile 41b is an example in which the temperature H2b at the end of the section S3 is higher than the third temperature H3.
- the "end condition" of section S3 may be condition C2 as a first modification.
- the control unit 120 maintains the temperature control of the section S3 until the temperature indicated by the second temperature index reaches the second temperature H2 regardless of the elapsed time from the start of the section S3. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the temperature of the heating unit 130 deviates from the second temperature H2 at the start of the section S4.
- the target temperature H2 later than the time (for example, T4 in FIG.
- FIG. 11 shows the temperature profile 42 in the first modification when the section S4 is shortened as a result of the lengthening of the section S3, in comparison with the temperature profile 40 of FIG.
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the second temperature H2 at T4a after T4.
- the time length of section S4 is reduced by the excess time (T4a-T4).
- the "end condition" of the section S3 is the condition C2, provided that the control unit 120 sets the target temperature of the section S3 when the time indicated by the "time length” of the section S3 has elapsed.
- the second temperature H2 may be reset to the third temperature H3.
- the control unit 120 may be subtracted from the "length of time” of section S4 (that is, section S4 may be shortened). As a result, it is possible to avoid excessively increasing the time length of the entire heating period.
- the "section type” of section S5 is "PID control section”.
- the "target temperature” of the section S5 is the third temperature H3.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is a resistance value (hereinafter referred to as R3) corresponding to the third temperature H3.
- the "PID control type” of section S5 is "linear interpolation". That is, the control unit 120 raises the target value of PID control step by step from the target value (for example, the resistance value R2) of the section S4 to the resistance value R3 from the start to the end of the section.
- the "gain" of interval S5 may be the same as or different from that set in interval S4.
- the “length of time” of section S5 can be set, for example, from several tens of seconds to several minutes.
- the "terminating condition” of section S5 is condition C1. Specifically, the control unit 120 terminates the section S5 and transitions the temperature control to the section S6 when the time indicated by the "length of time” has elapsed since the start of the section S5.
- the control unit 120 sets the time (for example, T5 in FIG. 7) at which the total time of the "time length” of the section S3 and the "time length” of the section S4 has elapsed from the start of the section S3.
- T5 time
- the control unit 120 sets the time (for example, T5 in FIG. 7) at which the total time of the "time length” of the section S3 and the "time length” of the section S4 has elapsed from the start of the section S3.
- the excess time from that time may be subtracted from the "time length" of the section S5 (that is, the section S5 is shortened).
- section S4 is skipped.
- FIG. 13 shows the temperature profile 44 in the first modification when the section S4 is skipped and the section S5 is shortened as a result of the lengthening of the section S3, in comparison with the temperature profile 40 of FIG. there is In the temperature profile 44, the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the second temperature H2 at T5a after T5. As a result, the time length of section S5 is reduced by the excess time (T5a-T5).
- FIG. 14 shows a temperature profile 45 in the second modification when the interval S4 is skipped and the interval S5 is shortened as a result of lengthening the interval S3, in comparison with the temperature profile 40 of FIG. there is In the temperature profile 45, the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the third temperature H3 (which is the reset target temperature) at T5b after T5. As a result, the time length of section S5 is reduced by the excess time (T5b-T5).
- the "section type” of section S6 is "PID control section".
- the "target temperature” of the section S6 is the third temperature H3.
- the "target temperature resistance value” is the resistance value R3 corresponding to the third temperature H3.
- the "PID control type” of section S6 may be “constant”.
- the "gain” of section S6 may be the same as that set in sections S1, S2 and S4.
- the "length of time” of section S6 can be set to a value within the range of several tens of seconds, for example.
- the "end condition” of the section S6 is the condition C1, specifically, the passage of time indicated by the "length of time”. When the control unit 120 determines that the time indicated by the “length of time” has elapsed, it terminates the section S6 and shifts the temperature control to the section S7.
- the "gain" of section S6 has a value tuned for the purpose of keeping the temperature constant.
- the target temperature of the section S6 is the third temperature H3, if the temperature at the start of the section S6 deviates significantly from the third temperature H3, the target value of the section S6 is set to the resistance value R3.
- the temperature of heating unit 130 may exhibit unstable behavior. Therefore, when the temperature of the heating unit 130 at a certain reference point in time (for example, the start point of the interval S6) deviates significantly from the third temperature H3 (for example, higher than the third temperature H3), the temperature at that time may be treated as the target temperature for the section S6.
- the control unit 120 may reset the target temperature resistance value corresponding to the current temperature at the reference time as the target value of the PID control in the section S6.
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 in the section S6 can be stabilized.
- FIG. 15 compares the temperature profile 46 with the temperature profile 40 of FIG. 7 when the target temperature resistance value corresponding to the current temperature at the start of the section S6 is reset as the target value of the PID control in the section S6. is shown.
- the target temperature is reset to the current temperature H3a higher than the third temperature at T6, and the temperature of the heating unit 130 is maintained at the temperature H3a throughout the interval S6.
- section S7 The "section type" of section S7 is “off section”. In section S7, the temperature of heating unit 130 decreases toward environmental temperature H0. The "target temperature”, “target temperature resistance value” and “gain” in section S7 may not be set. The "time length” of the section S7 can be set to a value within the range of several seconds to several tens of seconds, for example.
- the 'end condition' of the section S7 is the condition C1, specifically, the passage of time indicated by the 'length of time'. When the control unit 120 determines that the time indicated by the “length of time” has passed, it ends the heating period.
- the control unit 120 may notify the user that the end of the suckable period is approaching by the light emission of the light emitting unit 125 or the vibration of the vibrating unit 126 at the start of the section S7. Further, the control unit 120 may notify the user that the suckable period has ended by emitting light from the light emitting unit 125 or vibrating the vibrating unit 126 at the end of the section S7.
- the corrected second temperature index also contains a certain amount of error, and the temperature of the heating unit 130 deviates significantly from the second temperature H2 at the transition to the section S4 (for example, a lower temperature). It is possible that the Therefore, as a third modification, the control unit 120 acquires the first temperature index when starting the interval S4, and in the interval S4, depending on the temperature of the heating unit 130 indicated by the acquired first temperature index, Different sets of control parameters may be used to control the power supply from battery 140 to heating unit 130 .
- the temperature of the heating unit 130 indicated by the first temperature index when the section S4 is started is assumed to be H2C .
- the control unit 120 restores (increases) the temperature of the heating unit 130 to the second temperature H2. using the first set of control parameters of
- the control unit 120 uses the second control parameter set for maintaining the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the temperature H2C. do.
- the first control parameter set includes a feedback control proportional gain value K p1
- the second control parameter set includes a feedback control proportional gain value K p2
- K p1 is greater than K p2
- the values of one or both of the integral gain and the derivative gain may differ between the first control parameter set and the second control parameter set. In this way, by switching the control parameter set for feedback control depending on the temperature of the heating unit 130 at the start of the section S4, the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the desired temperature (for example, the second temperature H2) in the middle of the session. It is possible to suppress the deviation from and reduce the deterioration of the smoking taste.
- control unit 120 changes the control parameter set from the first control parameter set to the second temperature. may be switched to the control parameter set of Typically, it is assumed that an excessive temperature drop of the heating unit 130 due to the error of the corrected second temperature index, if any, is small. Therefore, by switching the control parameter set to the second control parameter set after recovering the temperature of heating unit 130 in a short time, the stability of the temperature of heating unit 130 in section S4 can be improved.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of the temperature profile when the section S4 includes the recovery section in the third modification.
- the temperature H2c at the start of the section S4 is lower than the second temperature H2. Therefore, the control unit 120 sets the recovery interval S4a at the beginning of the interval S4, and performs PID control using the first control parameter set including the larger proportional gain value Kp1 .
- the target value for PID control may be the resistance value R2 corresponding to the second temperature H2. Through this PID control, the temperature of the heating unit 130 recovers to the second temperature H2 at T4c.
- control unit 120 causes the temperature control to transition from the recovery interval S4a to the maintenance interval S4b , and switches the control parameter set for PID control to the second control parameter set including the proportional gain value Kp2. Thereby, the temperature of the heating unit 130 is maintained near the second temperature H2 until reaching T5.
- control unit 120 may also perform threshold determination in consideration of the above-described coefficient ⁇ representing the allowable deviation when determining whether the first temperature index has reached the target value R2 in the recovery section S4a. Further, the condition for ending the recovery section S4a (transition to the maintenance section S4b) may be that the first temperature index reaches the threshold value M times.
- the first control parameter set used in the recovery section S4a may be the same as the control parameter set used during the initial temperature increase of the heating unit 130 in the section S0.
- the proportional gain value Kp1 of the first control parameter set may be equal to the proportional gain value used during the initial heating.
- Configuration example of profile data> It is beneficial to define a structured, canonical data format that can describe the operational specifications of each section of the heating profile 50 described thus far.
- the standard data format changes the temperature control contents by switching the heating profile 50 in various situations such as upgrading the operation specifications, changing the type of tobacco article, and selecting a temperature profile that matches the user's preference. make things easier.
- FIG. 17A is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of the configuration of the profile data 51.
- the profile data 51 includes seven information elements such as section number 52, control method 53, target temperature 54, target temperature resistance value 55, gain 56, time length 57 and end condition 58.
- the section number 52 is a number (identifier) for identifying each section.
- the control method 53 is an information element that designates a control method to be applied to temperature control in each section among a plurality of control methods.
- the control method 53 corresponds to a combination of the control parameters "section type” and "PID control type” described above, and can take any value of "0", "1" and "2". can.
- the control method 53 of section S n indicates the value "1", which indicates that the control method to be applied to the section is PID control and the control target value is kept constant in the section. Represents what to do.
- the control method 53 of the section S n+1 indicates a value of “0”, which means that the control method to be applied to the section is to stop the power supply to the heating unit 130 . That is, section Sn+1 in this example is an OFF section.
- the control method 53 of the section Sn+2 indicates the value "2", which indicates that the control method to be applied to the section is PID control and the control target value should be changed linearly in the section.
- the target temperature 54 and target temperature resistance value 55 are information elements that specify the above-described control parameters "target temperature” and “target temperature resistance value”, respectively. Note that the target temperature resistance value 55 may be omitted from the profile data 51 when temperature control is performed using the temperature itself as a control amount.
- a gain 56 is an information element that specifies the control parameter set "gain" described above. For off intervals, gain 56 may be blank.
- a time length 57 and an end condition 58 are information elements that specify the above-described control parameters "time length" and "end condition", respectively.
- FIG. 17B is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the configuration of the profile data 51.
- the profile data 51 includes a common area 51a and section-specific areas 51b.
- the common area 51a is a data area in which common information is described over a plurality of sections.
- common area 51a includes three information elements 59a, 59b and 59c.
- the information element 59a designates a number (identifier) for uniquely identifying the control profile described by the profile data.
- Information element 59b specifies the first gain set K1 and information element 59c specifies the second gain set K2.
- Gain set K 1 includes proportional gain value K p1 , integral gain value K i1 and derivative gain value K d1
- gain set K 2 includes proportional gain value K p2 , integral gain value K i2 and derivative gain value K d2 .
- the section-specific area 51b is a data area in which information unique to each section is described.
- the section-specific area 51 b includes six information elements: section number 52 , target temperature 54 , target temperature resistance value 55 , gain 56 , time length 57 and end condition 58 .
- the control scheme 53 shown in FIG. 17A is omitted. Instead, a target temperature 54 value greater than zero indicates that the PID control scheme should be applied to that interval.
- the value of the target temperature 54 indicates zero, it means that the section is the OFF section.
- the target temperature 54 indicates zero for the interval Sn + 1, so the interval Sn+1 is an OFF interval.
- the gain 56 designates either the gain set K1 or the gain set K2 instead of the specific values of the three types of gains as in the example of FIG . 17A.
- gain set K1 is designated for section Sn
- gain set K2 is designated for section Sn+2 and section Sn + 3 .
- one of the limited number of options defined in the common area 51a can be designated in the section-specific area 51b, thereby avoiding redundant definition of values and defining the profile data 51.
- Data size can be reduced.
- other control parameters such as temperature or resistance may also be specified in this manner using common area 51a.
- a structured standard data format like the profile data 51 described above may be allocated to a predetermined data area in the storage unit 121, and the data in the data area may be rewritable. This makes it possible to change the contents of the temperature control executed by the control unit 120 simply by rewriting the profile data 51 without changing the control program. At this time, control unit 120 simply reads the latest content from the same data area of storage unit 121 and uses it.
- profile data 51 is not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B.
- Profile data 51 may include additional information elements, or some of the illustrated information elements may be omitted.
- profile data 51 may include one or more of the following as common information across multiple intervals: ⁇ Name of heating profile ⁇ Version number of heating profile ⁇ Number of sections constituting heating profile ⁇ Calibration value to be added to temperature or resistance value to absorb manufacturing tolerance of resistance-temperature characteristics of heating part for each product (Can be written based on test results before product shipment)
- the profile data 51 may additionally include one or more of the following as information that can be specified for each section: ⁇ Whether to determine the duty ratio of power supply to the heating part by PID control or use the maximum duty ratio ⁇ Whether to reset the cumulative deviation of the integral term of PID control at the start of the section ⁇ Whether to detect an abnormality kinds
- control methods that can be specified by the profile data 51 include a method in which power supply (for heating) to the heating unit 130 is stopped, but pulses for measuring temperature or resistance are applied to the heating unit 130. It's okay.
- a section in which such a control method is designated may be referred to as an "off section".
- the profile data 51 may be capable of designating end conditions other than the conditions C1 to C3 described above for each section.
- specifiable termination conditions may include conditions based on the number of aspirations detected or the total time of aspiration.
- control parameters of the heating profile 50 described in this section may be described in a separate storage area instead of being described in the profile data 51, or may be described in the program code of the control program.
- control unit 120 While the control unit 120 performs temperature control according to the heating profile 50 described in the profile data 51, it monitors whether the operation of the aerosol generator 10 is normal. When detecting an abnormality, the control unit 120 stops the supply of power from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130, stores an error code indicating the type of the detected abnormality in the storage unit 121, and notifies the user of the occurrence of the abnormality. .
- Several types of anomalies that may be detected by control unit 120 in relation to temperature control of heating unit 130 will now be described.
- control unit 120 monitors the amount of change in the first temperature index per predetermined time interval while power is being supplied to heating unit 130 in interval S0. Then, when the amount of change in the first temperature index is below the threshold, the control unit 120 determines that there is a possibility that a malfunction has occurred in the measurement circuit 150, and stops power supply from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130.
- the threshold here may be, for example, a temperature change of 10° C. (change in resistance value corresponding to 10° C.) during a time interval of 3 seconds.
- the control unit 120 determines that the temperature of the heating unit 130 has not reached the target temperature when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of heating in the section S0. When determined from the temperature index, power supply from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 is stopped.
- the predetermined time here may be equal to the length of time specified by the heating profile 50 for the section S0 (or may be defined separately from the heating profile 50), for example 60 seconds.
- control unit 120 sets the temperature of heating unit 130 indicated by the first temperature index to is compared with the first temperature H1.
- the control unit 120 determines that the heating unit 130 is overheated, and controls the temperature according to the heating profile 50. exit. Overheating detection based on the first temperature index may be performed not only when heating is restarted, but also periodically during sections other than the OFF section.
- the control unit 120 may compare the temperature of the heating unit 130 indicated by the second temperature index with the first temperature H1 in the interval S3 so that the overheating state of the heating unit 130 can be detected even in the OFF interval. In this case as well, the control unit 120 determines that the heating unit 130 is overheated when it is determined that the temperature of the heating unit 130 is higher than the first temperature H1, and follows the heating profile 50. end the temperature control. As a result, it is possible to increase the possibility of early detection of an overheating state caused by some problem during the off period.
- Abnormality detection may be performed periodically as part of the normal control routine of the control unit 120, or may be performed at specific timing such as the start of heating or the transition of sections.
- a detection circuit separate from the control unit 120 may detect an anomaly and notify the control unit 120 of the detected anomaly (for example, by an interrupt signal).
- FIG. 18 is a flow chart showing an example of the overall flow of aerosol generation processing according to one embodiment.
- control unit 120 monitors an input signal from the input detection unit 122 and waits for a user input requesting the start of heating (for example, a long press of a button).
- a user input requesting the start of heating for example, a long press of a button.
- the controller 120 checks the state of the aerosol generator 10 to start heating.
- the state check here may include arbitrary check conditions, such as whether the remaining power of the battery 140 is sufficient and whether the front panel 102 has fallen off. If one or more check conditions are not met, heating is not initiated and processing returns to S101. If all check conditions are satisfied, the process proceeds to S105.
- control unit 120 reads the profile data 51 from a predetermined storage area of the storage unit 121. Subsequent steps S107 to S133 are repeated for each of a plurality of sections included in heating profile 50 described in profile data 51 .
- control unit 120 determines whether the current section is a PID control section or an OFF section based on the "section type" that specifies the control method to be applied to the current section. If the current section is the PID control section, the process proceeds to S110. On the other hand, if the current section is an OFF section, the process proceeds to S120.
- control unit 120 performs temperature control processing for the PID control section so that the temperature of the heating unit 130 reaches the temperature specified for the current section. A more specific flow of the temperature control process executed here will be further described later.
- control unit 120 performs temperature control processing for the off period so that the temperature of the heating unit 130 decreases toward the temperature specified for the current period. A more specific flow of the temperature control process executed here will be further described later.
- the control unit 120 determines whether the heating profile 50 has the next section in S131. If there is a next section in the heating profile 50, the temperature control transitions to the next section in S131, and the above-described S107 to S133 are repeated with the next section as the current section. If there is no next section, the aerosol generation process of FIG. 18 ends.
- FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of temperature control processing for the PID control section executed in S110 of FIG.
- the control unit 120 acquires the target temperature and time length specified in the heating profile 50 for the current section, and sets end conditions for the current section. For example, when the termination condition is condition C1 or C3, the control unit 120 sets the specified length of time in the timer and starts the timer. If the end condition is condition C2 or C3, the control unit 120 sets a control threshold (for example, a threshold considering the allowable deviation) to be compared with the first temperature index based on the designated target temperature. .
- a control threshold for example, a threshold considering the allowable deviation
- the control unit 120 sets the PID control parameters for the current section. For example, the control unit 120 sets the target temperature resistance value, the proportional gain, the integral gain, and the differential gain as target values for PID control to the values specified in the heating profile 50 for the current section.
- S113 to S118 are repeated for each control cycle.
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not to linearly interpolate the target value of PID control.
- linear interpolation is specified as the "PID control type" of the heating profile 50 for the current section
- the control unit 120 changes the target value of the PID control step by step in each control cycle in S114. Reset by linear interpolation. If “constant” is specified as the "PID control type" for the current section, S114 is skipped.
- the control unit 120 uses the measurement circuit 150 to obtain a first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating unit 130 .
- the index value acquired here may be, for example, the average value of the results of multiple resistance value measurements, as described with reference to FIG.
- control unit 120 determines whether or not the conditions for ending the current section set in S111 are satisfied. If it is determined that the end condition of the current section is not satisfied, the process proceeds to S117.
- the control unit 120 calculates the PWM duty ratio for the latest control cycle according to the PID control formula described using formula (1).
- the control unit 120 supplies power from the battery 140 to the heating unit 130 by outputting a control pulse having a pulse width based on the calculated duty ratio to the first switch 131 and the second switch 132 .
- FIG. 20A is a flow chart showing a first example of the flow of the temperature control process for the off period executed in S120 of FIG.
- control unit 120 acquires the target temperature and time length specified in the heating profile 50 for the current section, and sets end conditions for the current section.
- An example of setting for each termination condition here may be the same as that described in relation to S111 of FIG.
- control unit 120 acquires a second temperature index based on the output value from the thermistor 155.
- control unit 120 sets the value of the second temperature index obtained in S122 to a value that is previously determined between the first temperature index and the second temperature index so as to compensate for the delay in change of the value. are corrected using the relationship
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not the condition for ending the current section set in S121 is satisfied based on the value of the second temperature index corrected in S123. If it is determined that the end condition of the current section is not satisfied, the process returns to S122, and the above-described S122 to S124 are repeated. If it is determined that the end condition of the current section is satisfied, the temperature control process of FIG. 20A ends.
- FIG. 20B is a flow chart showing a second example of the flow of the temperature control process for the off period executed in S120 of FIG.
- S121 to S124 in FIG. 20B may be the same processing steps as S121 to S124 in FIG. 20A, description thereof will be omitted here.
- the control unit 120 determines in S125 whether or not the current section will end earlier than the predetermined time.
- the predetermined time is the time at which the length of time acquired in S121 elapses from the start time of the current section. If the current section ends earlier than the predetermined time, the control unit 120 adds the remaining time until the predetermined time to the length of time specified by the heating profile 50 for the subsequent section of the current section in S126.
- FIG. 20C is a flow chart showing a third example of the flow of the temperature control process for the off period executed in S120 of FIG.
- S121 to S126 of FIG. 20C may be the same processing steps as S121 to S126 of FIG. 20B, except that the process proceeds to S127 when it is determined in S125 that the current section does not end earlier than the predetermined time. Therefore, their description is omitted here.
- control unit 120 determines whether the current section ends later than the predetermined time. If the current section ends later than the predetermined time, the controller 120 subtracts the excess time from the predetermined time from the length of time specified by the heating profile 50 for the subsequent section of the current section in S128.
- control unit 120 skips the temperature control for the subsequent section, and Deductions of hours from the length of time specified may be made.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of end determination processing corresponding to S116 of FIG. 19 that can be applied to section S0.
- the end determination process shown in FIG. 21 may be applied to the recovery segment S4a.
- control unit 120 acquires a control threshold value equal to the product of the target temperature control value for the current section and the coefficient representing the allowable deviation. Note that this processing step need only be performed once at the beginning of each interval.
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not the index value of the first temperature index exceeds the control threshold acquired in S141.
- the process proceeds to S143.
- the index value of the first temperature index does not exceed the determination threshold, the process proceeds to S145.
- the control unit 120 adds 1 to (increments) a counter N COUNT for counting the number of times the threshold is satisfied. Note that the counter N COUNT is initialized to zero at the beginning of each interval.
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not the counter N COUNT has reached the determination threshold value M. Here, if the counter N COUNT has reached the determination threshold value M, the process proceeds to S146. On the other hand, if the counter N COUNT has not reached the determination threshold value M, the process proceeds to S145.
- control unit 120 determines that the termination condition has not yet been satisfied for the current section. On the other hand, in S146, control unit 120 determines that the end condition is satisfied for the current section. Then, the end determination process of FIG. 21 ends.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of end determination processing corresponding to S124 in FIG. 20A or 20B that can be applied to section S3.
- control unit 120 acquires the value currently indicated by the timer started at the start of the current section.
- control unit 120 determines whether or not a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the start of the current section based on the acquired timer value.
- the predetermined length of time here may be the length of time specified by the heating profile 50 for the current segment. If it is determined that the predetermined time has passed, the process proceeds to S157. On the other hand, if it is determined that the predetermined time has not elapsed, the process proceeds to S153.
- control unit 120 determines whether or not the corrected index value of the second temperature index has reached the target value. Here, if the corrected index value reaches the target value, the process proceeds to S154. On the other hand, if the corrected index value has not reached the target value, the process proceeds to S156.
- control unit 120 adds 1 to (increments) counter N COUNT .
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not the counter N COUNT has reached the determination threshold value M.
- the process proceeds to S157.
- the process proceeds to S156.
- control unit 120 determines that the termination condition has not yet been satisfied for the current section. On the other hand, in S157, control unit 120 determines that the termination condition is satisfied for the current section. Then, the end determination process of FIG. 22 ends.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of control parameter selection processing that can be executed at the beginning of section S4 (for example, S112 in FIG. 19) in the third modified example described above.
- control unit 120 uses the measurement circuit 150 to acquire a first temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating unit 130 .
- the control unit 120 obtains a control threshold value equal to the product of the target temperature control value for the current section and the coefficient representing the allowable deviation.
- the control unit 120 determines whether or not the index value of the first temperature index is greater than or equal to the control threshold. If the index value of the first temperature index is below the control threshold, in S164, the control unit 120 sets the control parameters for PID control in the current section to the first control parameter set for recovering the temperature of the heating unit 130. set based on On the other hand, if the index value of the first temperature index is greater than or equal to the control threshold, in S165 the control unit 120 changes the control parameter for PID control in the current section to the second control parameter for maintaining the temperature of the heating unit 130. Set based on control parameter set. At this time, the control unit 120 may reset the current temperature of the heating unit 130 as the target value of the temperature control for the current section.
- FIG. An aerosol generating device comprises: a heating unit that heats an aerosol source to generate an aerosol; - a power source that supplies power to the heating unit; - a thermistor that outputs a value dependent on the temperature of the heating unit; - supplying power from the power source to the heating unit, - a first section in which a target value for temperature control of the heating unit is set to a value corresponding to a first temperature and power is supplied from the power source to the heating unit; - a second section, following the first section, in which the supply of power from the power supply to the heating unit is stopped so that the temperature of the heating unit decreases toward a second temperature lower than the first temperature; as well as, - a third section, following the second section, in which power is supplied from the power source to the heating unit; a control unit that controls according to a control sequence that includes
- the second section in which the temperature of the heating section is lowered toward the second temperature, it becomes unnecessary to apply a pulse to the heating section for measuring the temperature, and the power supply from the power supply to the heating section is reduced.
- the temperature of the heating unit can be efficiently reached to the second temperature. Since the arrival of the target temperature in the second section is determined based on the output value from the thermistor, the transition timing from the second section to the third section is not missed even if the pulse is not applied to the heating unit. .
- the power supply is controlled using the temperature index based on the electrical resistance value of the heating part, so the measured temperature keeps good followability to the actual temperature for temperature control. be able to.
- An aerosol generating device comprises: a heating unit that heats an aerosol source to generate an aerosol; - a power source that supplies power to the heating unit; a control unit that controls the supply of power from the power source to the heating unit using a temperature index related to the temperature of the heating unit according to a control sequence consisting of a plurality of intervals; with - the control sequence is described by structured data including a first information element specifying a control method to be applied to temperature control in each section from among a plurality of control methods; - The plurality of control methods include a first method of performing feedback control using the temperature index, and a second method of stopping power supply from the power source to the heating unit.
- An aerosol generating device comprises: a heating unit that heats an aerosol source to generate an aerosol; - a power source that supplies power to the heating unit; - supplying power from the power source to the heating unit, - a first section for changing the temperature of the heating section from a first temperature towards a second temperature; and - a second section following the first section for maintaining the temperature of the heating section.
- a control unit that controls according to a control sequence consisting of a plurality of sections including with - the control sequence specifies a first length of time for the first section and a second length of time for the second section; - The control unit terminates the first section when the temperature of the heating unit reaches the second temperature, When the first section ends earlier than a first time when the first time length elapses from the start of the first section, the control unit controls the remaining time until the first time and the second time. Let the second interval continue for a total length of time.
- the time during which the user can enjoy sucking is the first. Only the remaining time of one section is compensated. As such, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the user experience is compromised due to an early termination of the session, while maintaining proper temperature control.
Landscapes
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本明細書では、本開示に係る技術が、燃焼を伴うことなくエアロゾル源を加熱することにより霧化させてエアロゾルを生成する非燃焼型の装置に適用される例を主に説明する。そうした装置は、リスク低減製品(RRP)、又は単に電子タバコとも呼ばれ得る。なお、かかる例に限定されず、本開示に係る技術は、例えば燃焼型の装置又は医療用のネブライザなど、いかなる種類のエアロゾル生成装置に適用されてもよい。
図1は、一実施形態に係るエアロゾル生成装置10の外観を示す斜視図である。図2は、図1に示したエアロゾル生成装置10へのたばこスティックの挿入について説明するための説明図である。図1を参照すると、エアロゾル生成装置10は、本体101、前面パネル102、表示窓103、及びスライダ104を備える。
図3は、エアロゾル生成装置10の概略的な回路構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図3を参照すると、エアロゾル生成装置10は、制御部120、記憶部121、入力検知部122、状態検知部123、吸引検知部124、発光部125、振動部126、通信インタフェース(I/F)127、接続I/F128、加熱部130、第1スイッチ131、第2スイッチ132、バッテリ140、昇圧回路141、残量計142、測定回路150、及びサーミスタ155を備える。
本実施形態において、制御部120は、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を、予熱期間及び吸引可能期間を含む加熱期間の全体を通じて、良好なユーザ体験を提供するための所望の温度プロファイルを実現するように制御する。その制御は、主として、加熱部130の温度との相関を有する温度指標を制御量、PWMのデューティ比を操作量とするフィードバック制御であってよい。ここでは、フィードバック制御としてPID制御が採用されるものとする。本実施形態において、エアロゾル生成装置10は、加熱部130の温度指標を測定するための2種類の測定部を有する。図3に示した測定回路150は、それら2種類の測定部のうちの1つであり、加熱部130の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標を測定する。他の測定部は、後に説明するサーミスタ155である。
上述したように、本実施形態において、加熱部130の温度制御は、主として加熱部130へ提供される電力のPWMのデューティ比をPID制御によって決定する方式で行われる。PID制御の目標値(目標温度に対応する抵抗値)をRTGT[Ω]、現在の制御サイクルn(nは整数)における第1温度指標の指標値(測定抵抗値)をR(n)[Ω]とすると、制御サイクルnのデューティ比D(n)を、例えば次の式(1)に従って導出することができる:
加熱期間の全体を通じて測定期間20を周期的に設定すれば上述した制御サイクルを反復し続けることができる。しかし、測定期間20中に加熱部130へパルスを印加する手法は、パルス幅は短いとしても、それ自体が加熱部130の温度を上昇させ、バッテリ残量を消費する。一方で、加熱部130の所望の温度プロファイルは、一旦高い値まで上昇させた加熱部130の温度をより低い値へ下降させる期間を含み得る。この期間中には、加熱部130へパルスを全く印加しない方が、加熱部130の温度を効率的に下降させるために有利である。しかし、加熱部130へパルスを全く印加しなければ測定回路150を用いて第1温度指標を測定することができない。そこで、本実施形態に係るエアロゾル生成装置10は、図3に概略的に示したように、サーミスタ155をさらに備える。サーミスタ155は、加熱部130の近傍に配設され、加熱部130の温度に依存する値を制御部120へ出力する。制御部120は、加熱部130の温度を下降させる区間では、サーミスタ155からの出力値に基づく第2温度指標を用いて(例えば、指標値を目標値と比較することにより)、当該区間を終了させるタイミングを判定する。一方、制御部120は、それ以外の区間では、上述したように、加熱部130の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標を用いて、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を制御する。第2温度指標の測定の周期は、例えば数十~数百ミリ秒であってよい。
制御部120は、所望の温度プロファイルを実現するための制御条件の時間的な推移を定義した制御シーケンスである加熱プロファイルに従って、加熱部130の温度制御を実行する。本実施形態において、加熱プロファイルは、加熱期間を時間的に区分する複数の区間からなり、各区間の温度制御の仕様を目標値その他の制御パラメータで指定する。
・「区間タイプ」
・「目標温度」
・「目標温度抵抗値」
・「PID制御タイプ」
・「ゲイン」
・「時間長」
・「終了条件」
C1:「時間長」で指定される時間の経過
C2:「目標温度抵抗値」で指定される抵抗値への温度指標の到達
C3:C1及びC2のいずれか早い方
制御部120は、終了条件C1及びC3の判定のために、内部にタイマ回路を有してよい。
<2-1.初期昇温(S0)>
区間S0は、加熱プロファイル50の冒頭の区間である。区間S0の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"であり、「目標温度」は第1温度H1である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第1温度H1に対応する抵抗値(以下、R1とする)である。区間S0の「PID制御タイプ」は"一定"であってよく、「ゲイン」において比例ゲインKpを他の区間と比較してより高い値に設定することで昇温に要する時間が可能な限り短縮される。区間S0の「終了条件」は、条件C2であり、具体的には第1温度指標の抵抗値R1への到達である。
区間S1の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"であり、「目標温度」は第1温度H1である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第1温度H1に対応する抵抗値R1である。区間S1の「PID制御タイプ」は"一定"であってよい。区間S1の「ゲイン」は、区間S0における急速な昇温の場合とは異なり、加熱部130の温度を第1温度H1の近傍で安定化させるような値へ設定され得る(例えば、区間S0について指定される比例ゲインよりも値の小さい比例ゲインが区間S1について指定され得る)。区間S1の「時間長」は、例えば数秒の範囲内の値に設定され得る。区間S1の「終了条件」は、条件C1であり、具体的には「時間長」により示される時間の経過である。制御部120は、区間S1の開始時にタイマを起動し、「時間長」により示される時間が経過したと判定すると、ユーザに予熱期間の終了を報知する。ここでの報知は、所定の発光パターンでの発光部125の発光及び所定の振動パターンでの振動部126の振動の一方又は双方により行われてよい。ユーザは、この報知を感知することで、吸引の準備が整い吸引を開始できることを認識する。
区間S2の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"であり、「目標温度」は第1温度H1である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第1温度H1に対応する抵抗値R1である。区間S2の「PID制御タイプ」は"一定"であってよい。区間S2の「ゲイン」は、区間S1と同一であってよい。区間S2の「時間長」は、例えば数秒~十数秒の範囲内の値に設定され得る。区間S2の「終了条件」は、条件C1であり、具体的には「時間長」により示される時間の経過である。制御部120は、「時間長」により示される時間が経過したと判定すると、区間S2を終了させ、温度制御を区間S3へ遷移させる。
区間S3の「区間タイプ」は"オフ区間"であり、「目標温度」は第2温度H2である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第2温度H2に対応する抵抗値(以下、R2とする)である。即ち、制御部120は、区間S3において、加熱部130の温度が第1温度H1よりも低い第2温度H2へ向けて下降するように、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を停止させる。区間S3はオフ区間であるため、「PID制御タイプ」及び「ゲイン」は設定されない。区間S3の「時間長」は、例えば数十秒の範囲内の値に設定され得る。区間S3の「終了条件」は、条件C3である。具体的には、制御部120は、加熱部130の温度が第2温度H2に到達したとサーミスタ155からの出力値に基づく第2温度指標から判定される場合に、区間S3を終了させる。但し、制御部120は、加熱部130の温度が第2温度H2に到達する前であっても、区間S3の開始から「時間長」により示される時間が経過した場合に、区間S3を終了させる。換言すると、制御部120は、第2温度指標の目標値への到達及び区間の開始からの所定の時間の経過のうちの早い方で、区間S3を終了させ、温度制御を区間S4へ遷移させる。
上述したように、サーミスタ155からの出力値に基づく第2温度指標は、いくらかの遅延をもって加熱部130の温度の変化に追従する。そのため、制御部120が第2温度指標をそのまま区間S3の終了判定のために目標値と比較するとすれば、区間S3の終了時には加熱部130の温度は目標温度からさらに下降してしまっている虞がある。加熱部130の温度が低過ぎると、エアロゾル生成基体から生成されるエアロゾルの量が少なくなり、喫味が低下する。そこで、本実施形態において、制御部120は、区間S3において、第2温度指標の変化の遅延を補償するように第2温度指標を補正して、補正後の指標値を目標値と比較することにより、加熱部130の温度が第2温度H2に到達したか否かを判定する。第2温度指標の補正のために、制御部120は、第1温度指標と第2温度指標との間の事前に判定される関係性を用いる。例えば、制御部120は、区間S3に先行する区間(例えば、区間S0)において、加熱部130の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標に加えて、サーミスタ155からの出力値に基づく第2温度指標をも取得する。そして、制御部120は、区間S3の開始に先立って、取得した第1温度指標と取得した第2温度指標との間の関係性を判定する。
区間S4の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"である。即ち、制御部120は、温度制御が区間S3から区間S4へ遷移したことに応じて、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を再開させる。区間S4の「目標温度」は第2温度H2である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第2温度H2に対応する抵抗値R2である。区間S4の「PID制御タイプ」は"一定"であってよい。区間S4の「ゲイン」は、区間S1及び区間S2で設定されるものと同一であってよい。区間S4の「時間長」は、例えば数十秒~数分に設定され得る。区間S4の「終了条件」は、条件C1であり、具体的には「時間長」により示される時間の経過である。制御部120は、「時間長」により示される時間が経過したと判定すると、区間S4を終了させ、温度制御を区間S5へ遷移させる。
区間S5の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"である。区間S5の「目標温度」は第3温度H3である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第3温度H3に対応する抵抗値(以下、R3とする)である。区間S5の「PID制御タイプ」は"線形補間"である。即ち、制御部120は、PID制御の目標値を、当該区間の開始から終了まで、区間S4の目標値(例えば、抵抗値R2)から抵抗値R3まで段階的に引き上げる。区間S5の「ゲイン」は、区間S4で設定されるものとは同一であってよく又は異なってもよい。区間S5の「時間長」は、例えば数十秒~数分に設定され得る。区間S5の「終了条件」は、条件C1である。具体的には、制御部120は、区間S5の開始から「時間長」により示される時間が経過した場合に、区間S5を終了させ、温度制御を区間S6へ遷移させる。
区間S6の「区間タイプ」は"PID制御区間"である。区間S6の「目標温度」は第3温度H3である。「目標温度抵抗値」は第3温度H3に対応する抵抗値R3である。区間S6の「PID制御タイプ」は"一定"であってよい。区間S6の「ゲイン」は、区間S1、区間S2及び区間S4で設定されるものと同一であってよい。区間S6の「時間長」は、例えば数十秒の範囲内の値に設定され得る。区間S6の「終了条件」は、条件C1であり、具体的には「時間長」により示される時間の経過である。制御部120は、「時間長」により示される時間が経過したと判定すると、区間S6を終了させ、温度制御を区間S7へ遷移させる。
区間S7の「区間タイプ」は"オフ区間"である。区間S7では、加熱部130の温度は環境温度H0へ向けて下降する。区間S7の「目標温度」、「目標温度抵抗値」及び「ゲイン」は設定されなくてよい。区間S7の「時間長」は、例えば数秒~数十秒の範囲内の値に設定され得る。区間S7の「終了条件」は、条件C1であり、具体的には「時間長」により示される時間の経過である。制御部120は、「時間長」により示される時間が経過したと判定すると、加熱期間を終了する。制御部120は、区間S7の開始時にユーザに吸引可能期間の終了が近付いていることを発光部125の発光又は振動部126の振動で報知してもよい。また、制御部120は、区間S7の終了時にユーザに吸引可能期間が終了したことを発光部125の発光又は振動部126の振動で報知してもよい。
上で、第2温度指標が第2温度H2に対応する抵抗値R2へ到達した場合に区間S3を終了して温度制御を区間S4へ遷移させる例を説明した。この場合、第2温度指標の補正が高い精度で行われていれば、区間S4への遷移時の加熱部130の温度は第2温度H2に略等しいはずである。しかし、実際には補正後の第2温度指標もある程度の誤差を含んでおり、区間S4への遷移時に加熱部130の温度が第2温度H2から有意に乖離している(例えば、より低い温度まで下降している)可能性がある。そこで、第3の変形例として、制御部120は、区間S4を開始する際に第1温度指標を取得し、区間S4において、取得した第1温度指標が示す加熱部130の温度に依存して異なる制御パラメータ集合を用いて、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を制御してもよい。
ここまでに説明した加熱プロファイル50の各区間の動作仕様を記述できる構造化された定型的なデータフォーマットを定義しておくことが有益である。定型的なデータフォーマットは、動作仕様のバージョンアップ、たばこ物品の種別の変更、及びユーザの嗜好に合わせた温度プロファイルの選択といった様々な場面で、加熱プロファイル50を切替えて温度制御の内容を変更することを容易にする。ここでは、そうした加熱プロファイル50を記述するプロファイルデータ51の構成のいくつかの例を説明する。
・加熱プロファイルの名称
・加熱プロファイルのバージョン番号
・加熱プロファイルを構成する区間の数
・製品ごとの加熱部の抵抗温度特性の製造公差を吸収するために、温度又は抵抗値に加算されるべき校正値(製品出荷前に試験の結果に基づき書き込まれ得る)
・加熱部への給電のデューティ比をPID制御で決定するか、又は最大のデューティ比を使用するか
・区間開始時にPID制御の積分項の累積偏差をリセットするか否か
・検知すべき異常の種別
制御部120は、プロファイルデータ51に記述された加熱プロファイル50に従って温度制御を行っている間、エアロゾル生成装置10の動作に異常がないかを監視する。制御部120は、異常を検知すると、バッテリ140から加熱部130への電力の供給を停止し、検知した異常の種類を示すエラーコードを記憶部121に記憶させ、異常の発生をユーザに報知する。ここでは、加熱部130の温度制御に関連して制御部120により検知され得るいくつかの種類の異常について説明する。
測定回路150に不具合が発生して正確な温度指標を取得できない場合、加熱部130が過剰に高温になったとしても制御部120がその状態を認識しないことになる。こうした事態を防止するために、制御部120は、区間S0において、加熱部130に電力を供給している間、所定の時間間隔当たりの第1温度指標の変化量を監視する。そして、制御部120は、第1温度指標の変化量が閾値を下回る場合に、測定回路150に不具合が発生した可能性があると判定して、バッテリ140から加熱部130への給電を停止する。ここでの閾値は、例えば、3秒の時間間隔の間に10℃の温度変化(10℃に相当する抵抗値の変化)であってよい。
予熱期間において加熱部130に十分な時間にわたり電力を供給しても加熱部130の温度が目標値(例えば、第1温度H1)に到達しない場合、バッテリ140から加熱部130への給電の経路に不具合があるか、環境温度が異常に低いなど環境に異常がある可能性がある。こうした事態を検知して電力の浪費を防ぐために、制御部120は、区間S0において、加熱開始からの所定の時間が経過した時点で加熱部130の温度が目標温度に到達していないと第1温度指標から判定される場合に、バッテリ140から加熱部130への給電を停止する。ここでの所定の時間は、区間S0について加熱プロファイル50により指定される時間長と等しくてよく(又は加熱プロファイル50とは別個に定義されてもよく)、例えば60秒であってよい。
上述したように、サーミスタ155からの出力値に基づく第2温度指標は、遅延又はある程度の誤差を有する。そのため、オフ区間である区間S3が終了した時点で加熱部130が過剰に高温になっていないかを第1温度指標から判定することで、装置の安全性を一層向上させることができる。具体的には、制御部120は、区間S3の開始から加熱プロファイル50により指定される時間長が経過した場合(区間S4へ遷移する際)に、第1温度指標により示される加熱部130の温度を第1温度H1と比較する。そして、制御部120は、加熱部130の温度が第1温度H1よりも高いと判定されるときに、加熱部130が過熱状態に陥っていると判定して、加熱プロファイル50に従った温度制御を終了する。なお、第1温度指標に基づく過熱の検知は、加熱再開時だけでなく、オフ区間以外の区間において周期的に行われてもよい。
制御部120は、オフ区間においても加熱部130の過熱状態を検知できるように、区間S3において、第2温度指標により示される加熱部130の温度を第1温度H1と比較してもよい。この場合にも、制御部120は、加熱部130の温度が第1温度H1よりも高いと判定されるときに、加熱部130が過熱状態に陥っていると判定して、加熱プロファイル50に従った温度制御を終了する。それにより、オフ区間中の何らかの不具合に起因する過熱状態を早期に検知できる可能性を高めることができる。
本節では、上述したエアロゾル生成装置10の制御部120により実行される制御処理の主要な部分の流れを、いくつかのフローチャートを用いて説明する。以下の説明では、処理ステップをS(ステップ)と略記する。
図18は、一実施形態に係るエアロゾル生成処理の全体的な流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
図19は、図18のS110で実行されるPID制御区間のための温度制御処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
(1)第1の例
図20Aは、図18のS120で実行されるオフ区間のための温度制御処理の流れの第1の例を示すフローチャートである。
図20Bは、図18のS120で実行されるオフ区間のための温度制御処理の流れの第2の例を示すフローチャートである。
図20Cは、図18のS120で実行されるオフ区間のための温度制御処理の流れの第3の例を示すフローチャートである。
図21は、区間S0に適用され得る、図19のS116に対応する終了判定処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。なお、上述した第3の変形例においては、図21に示した終了判定処理は、回復区間S4aに適用されてもよい。
図22は、区間S3に適用され得る、図20A又は図20BのS124に対応する終了判定処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
図23は、上述した第3の変形例において区間S4の冒頭(例えば、図19のS112)で実行され得る制御パラメータ選択処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
ここまで、図1~図23を用いて、本開示の様々な実施形態及び変形例について説明した。本開示の一実施形態に係るエアロゾル生成装置は、
・エアロゾル源を加熱してエアロゾルを発生させる加熱部と、
・前記加熱部へ電力を供給する電源と、
・前記加熱部の温度に依存する値を出力するサーミスタと、
・前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を、
-前記加熱部の温度制御の目標値を第1温度に対応する値に設定して前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させる第1区間、
-前記第1区間に後続する、前記加熱部の温度が前記第1温度よりも低い第2温度へ向けて下降するように前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を停止させる第2区間、及び、
-前記第2区間に後続する、前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させる第3区間、
を少なくとも含む制御シーケンスに従って制御する制御部と、
を備え、
・前記制御部は、
前記第1区間及び前記第3区間において、前記加熱部の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標を用いて、前記電源からの電力の供給を制御し、
前記制御部は、前記第2区間を終了させるタイミングを前記サーミスタからの出力値に基づく第2温度指標を用いて判定する。
・エアロゾル源を加熱してエアロゾルを発生させる加熱部と、
・前記加熱部へ電力を供給する電源と、
・複数の区間からなる制御シーケンスに従って、前記加熱部の温度に関連する温度指標を用いて前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
・前記制御シーケンスは、複数の制御方式のうち各区間の温度制御に適用すべき制御方式を指定する第1の情報要素を含む構造化されたデータにより記述され、
・前記複数の制御方式は、前記温度指標を用いたフィードバック制御を行う第1方式、及び、前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を停止させる第2方式を含む。
・エアロゾル源を加熱してエアロゾルを発生させる加熱部と、
・前記加熱部へ電力を供給する電源と、
・前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を、
-前記加熱部の温度を第1温度から第2温度へ向けて変化させるための第1区間、及び
-前記第1区間に後続する、前記加熱部の温度を維持するための第2区間、
を含む複数の区間からなる制御シーケンスに従って制御する制御部と、
を備え、
・前記制御シーケンスは、前記第1区間について第1時間長、前記第2区間について第2時間長を指定し、
・前記制御部は、前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達した場合に、前記第1区間を終了させ、
・前記制御部は、前記第1区間の開始から前記第1時間長が経過する第1時刻よりも早く前記第1区間を終了させる場合に、前記第1時刻までの残余時間と前記第2時間長との合計時間にわたって前記第2区間を継続させる。
Claims (20)
- エアロゾル源を加熱してエアロゾルを発生させる加熱部と、
前記加熱部へ電力を供給する電源と、
前記加熱部の温度に依存する値を出力するサーミスタと、
前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を、
前記加熱部の温度制御の目標値を第1温度に対応する値に設定して前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させる第1区間、
前記第1区間に後続する、前記加熱部の温度が前記第1温度よりも低い第2温度へ向けて下降するように前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を停止させる第2区間、及び、
前記第2区間に後続する、前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させる第3区間、
を少なくとも含む制御シーケンスに従って制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記第1区間及び前記第3区間において、前記加熱部の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標を用いて、前記電源からの電力の供給を制御し、
前記第2区間を終了させるタイミングを前記サーミスタからの出力値に基づく第2温度指標を用いて判定する、
エアロゾル生成装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達したと前記第2温度指標から判定される場合に、前記第2区間を終了させる、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の関係性に基づいて前記第2区間において前記第2温度指標を補正し、補正後の前記第2温度指標を用いて前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達したかを判定する、請求項2に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- 前記制御部は、
前記第2区間に先行する区間において、前記加熱部の前記電気抵抗値に基づく前記第1温度指標、及び前記サーミスタからの前記出力値に基づく前記第2温度指標を取得し、
取得した前記第1温度指標と取得した前記第2温度指標との間の前記関係性を判定する、
請求項3に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。 - 前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の前記関係性は、前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の温度変化率における差を含む、請求項3又は4に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記第3区間を開始する際に前記第1温度指標が示す前記加熱部の温度に依存して異なる制御パラメータ集合を用いて、前記第3区間における前記電源からの電力の供給を制御する、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- 前記制御部は、
前記第3区間を開始する際の前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度よりも低い場合には、前記加熱部の温度を前記第2温度に回復させるための第1の制御パラメータ集合を使用し、
前記第3区間を開始する際の前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度以上である第3温度である場合には、前記加熱部の温度を前記第3温度に維持するための第2の制御パラメータ集合を使用する、
請求項6に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。 - 前記第1の制御パラメータ集合は、フィードバック制御の比例ゲインの第1の値を含み、
前記第2の制御パラメータ集合は、フィードバック制御の比例ゲインの第2の値を含み、
前記第1の値は前記第2の値よりも大きい、
請求項7に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。 - 前記第1の制御パラメータ集合に含まれるフィードバック制御の比例ゲインの前記第1の値は、前記加熱部の予熱の際に使用される比例ゲインの値に等しい、請求項8に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達する前であっても、前記第2区間の開始から所定の時間が経過した場合に、前記第2区間を終了させる、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のエアロゾル生成装置。
- エアロゾル生成装置におけるエアロゾルの生成を制御するための制御方法であって、
前記エアロゾル生成装置は、エアロゾル源を加熱してエアロゾルを発生させる加熱部と、前記加熱部へ電力を供給する電源と、前記加熱部の温度に依存する値を出力するサーミスタと、を備え、
前記制御方法は、
制御シーケンスの第1区間において、前記加熱部の温度制御の目標値を第1温度に対応する値に設定して前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させることと、
前記第1区間に後続する第2区間において、前記加熱部の温度が前記第1温度よりも低い第2温度へ向けて下降するように前記電源から前記加熱部への電力の供給を停止させることと、
前記第2区間に後続する第3区間において、前記電源から前記加熱部へ電力を供給させることと、
を含み、
前記制御方法は、
前記第1区間及び前記第3区間において、前記加熱部の電気抵抗値に基づく第1温度指標を用いて、前記電源からの電力の供給を制御することと、
前記第2区間を終了させるタイミングを前記サーミスタからの出力値に基づく第2温度指標を用いて判定することと、
をさらに含む、制御方法。 - 前記制御方法は、
前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達したと前記第2温度指標から判定される場合に、前記第2区間を終了させること、
をさらに含む、請求項11に記載の制御方法。 - 前記制御方法は、
前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の関係性に基づいて、前記第2区間において前記第2温度指標を補正すること、
をさらに含み、
前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達したかの前記判定は、補正後の前記第2温度指標を用いて行われる、
請求項12に記載の制御方法。 - 前記制御方法は、
前記第2区間に先行する区間において、前記加熱部の前記電気抵抗値に基づく前記第1温度指標、及び前記サーミスタからの前記出力値に基づく前記第2温度指標を取得することと、
取得した前記第1温度指標と取得した前記第2温度指標との間の前記関係性を判定することと、
をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の前記関係性は、前記第1温度指標と前記第2温度指標との間の温度変化率における差を含む、請求項13又は14に記載の制御方法。
- 前記第3区間において前記電源からの電力の供給を制御することは、
前記第3区間を開始する際に前記第1温度指標が示す前記加熱部の温度に依存して異なる制御パラメータ集合を使用すること、
を含む、請求項11~15のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第3区間を開始する際の前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度よりも低い場合には、前記第3区間において前記加熱部の温度を前記第2温度に回復させるための第1の制御パラメータ集合が使用され、
前記第3区間を開始する際の前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度以上である第3温度である場合には、前記第3区間において前記加熱部の温度を前記第3温度に維持するための第2の制御パラメータ集合が使用される、
請求項16に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第1の制御パラメータ集合は、フィードバック制御の比例ゲインの第1の値を含み、
前記第2の制御パラメータ集合は、フィードバック制御の比例ゲインの第2の値を含み、
前記第1の値は前記第2の値よりも大きい、
請求項17に記載の制御方法。 - 前記第1の制御パラメータ集合に含まれるフィードバック制御の比例ゲインの前記第1の値は、前記加熱部の予熱の際に使用される比例ゲインの値に等しい、請求項18に記載の制御方法。
- 前記制御方法は、
前記加熱部の温度が前記第2温度に到達する前に前記第2区間の開始から所定の時間が経過した場合に、前記第2区間を終了させること、
をさらに含む、請求項11~19のいずれか1項に記載の制御方法。
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