WO2018199213A1 - 押出樹脂板とその製造方法 - Google Patents
押出樹脂板とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018199213A1 WO2018199213A1 PCT/JP2018/016931 JP2018016931W WO2018199213A1 WO 2018199213 A1 WO2018199213 A1 WO 2018199213A1 JP 2018016931 W JP2018016931 W JP 2018016931W WO 2018199213 A1 WO2018199213 A1 WO 2018199213A1
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- resin plate
- resin
- methacrylic
- polycarbonate
- extruded resin
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/416—Reflective
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/202—LCD, i.e. liquid crystal displays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/208—Touch screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an extruded resin plate and an extruded resin plate.
- Flat panel displays such as liquid crystal displays, and touch panel displays combining such flat panel displays and touch panels (also called touch screens) are ATMs of financial institutions such as banks; vending machines; mobile phones (including smartphones), It is used in personal digital assistants such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) such as tablet personal computers, digital audio players, portable game machines, copiers, fax machines, and car navigation systems.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- a transparent protective plate is installed on the surface of a liquid crystal display, a touch panel or the like.
- tempered glass has been mainly used as a protective plate, but a transparent resin plate has been developed from the viewpoint of workability and weight reduction.
- the protective plate is required to have functions such as gloss, scratch resistance, and impact resistance.
- a resin plate including a polycarbonate layer excellent in impact resistance and a methacrylic resin layer excellent in gloss and scratch resistance has been studied.
- This resin plate is preferably manufactured by coextrusion molding.
- strain stress may remain on the obtained resin plate due to the difference in characteristics between the two types of resins.
- the strain stress remaining on the resin plate is referred to as “residual stress”, and the resin plate having this residual stress may be warped due to thermal change or the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for adjusting the rotational speed of a cooling roll used for extrusion molding (Claim 1).
- Patent Document 2 as a methacrylic resin laminated with a polycarbonate, a methacrylic ester such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) is copolymerized with an aromatic vinyl monomer such as styrene, and then an aromatic double bond is hydrogenated.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- a method using the resin obtained in this manner is disclosed (claim 2).
- Patent Document 3 discloses MMA units, methacrylic acid (MA) units, acrylic acid (AA) units, maleic anhydride units, N-substituted or unsubstituted myremide units, glutars as methacrylic resins laminated with polycarbonate.
- a method using a resin having an acid anhydride structural unit and a unit selected from a glutarimide structural unit and having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 110 ° C. or higher is disclosed (Claim 1).
- Patent Document 4 in a decorative sheet obtained by laminating two resin sheets with at least one pattern layer interposed therebetween, a difference in linear expansion coefficient (also referred to as a linear expansion coefficient) between the two resin sheets is reduced.
- a method is disclosed (claim 1).
- a cured film having low reflectivity for improving scratch resistance (hard coat property) and / or visibility can be formed on at least one surface of the protective plate (Claims 1 and 2 of Patent Document 5). And claim 1 of Patent Document 6).
- a protective plate for the liquid crystal display is installed on the front side (viewer side) of the liquid crystal display, and the viewer views the screen of the liquid crystal display through this protective plate.
- the protective plate hardly changes the polarization of the emitted light from the liquid crystal display, depending on the angle formed by the polarization axis of the emitted light and the transmission axis of the polarizing filter when the screen is viewed through a polarizing filter such as polarized sunglasses. The screen becomes dark and the visibility of the image may be reduced.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a liquid crystal display protective plate comprising an abrasion-resistant resin plate having a cured film formed on at least one surface of a resin substrate and having an in-plane retardation value (Re) of 85 to 300 nm. (Claim 1).
- Patent Documents 8 and 9 both share an extruded resin plate in which a methacrylic resin layer is laminated on at least one side of a polycarbonate layer in order to reduce the stress generated during molding of the extruded resin plate and suppress a decrease in the Re value.
- a method for manufacturing an extruded resin plate that optimizes manufacturing conditions such as the relationship between the peripheral speeds of a plurality of cooling rolls and take-up rolls and the temperature of the entire resin at the time of peeling from the last cooling roll during extrusion molding. (Claim 1 of Patent Document 8, Claims 3 and 4 of Patent Document 9, etc.).
- JP 2007-185756 A International Publication No. 2011/145630 JP 2009-248416 A JP 2007-118597 A JP 2004-299199 A JP 2006-103169 A JP 2010-085978 A International Publication No. 2015/093037 International Publication No. 2016/038868
- the resin plate may be heated to a temperature of about 100 ° C.
- a thermosetting coating material requires heating for curing, and a photocurable coating material receives heat when irradiated with light.
- the coating material contains a solvent, it may be heated for solvent drying.
- a protective plate for a liquid crystal display mounted on an in-vehicle display device such as a car navigation system, a mobile phone (including a smartphone), or the like may be used in a high-temperature environment such as sunlight in summer.
- the Re value may be lowered by heat and may be out of a desired range. It is preferable that the thermal change of the Re value is small.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, the occurrence of warpage due to thermal change is small, the in-plane retardation value (Re) and the axial direction of in-plane retardation are within a preferred range, and the surface
- An object of the present invention is to provide an extruded resin plate having good properties and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention provides the following extruded resin plates [1] to [13] and a method for producing the same.
- a method for producing an extruded resin plate in which a layer containing a methacrylic resin is laminated on at least one side of a layer containing a polycarbonate, Co-extrusion of a thermoplastic resin laminate in which a layer containing the methacrylic resin is laminated on at least one side of the polycarbonate-containing layer from a T-die in a molten state; Using three or more cooling rolls adjacent to each other, the molten thermoplastic resin laminate is sandwiched between an nth (where n ⁇ 1) cooling roll and an (n + 1) th cooling roll, Cooling is performed by repeating the operation of winding around the (n + 1) th cooling roll a plurality of times from n 1, Including the step (X) of taking out the extruded resin plate obtained after cooling by a take-up roll; The total temperature (TX) of the thermoplastic resin laminate when
- the overall temperature (TT) of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the last peeling position from the cooling roll is in the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature of the layer containing the polycarbonate,
- An extruded resin plate having a peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) between a peripheral speed (V4) of the take-up roll and a peripheral speed (V2) of the second cooling roll is 0.98 or more and less than 1.0.
- the glass transition temperature of the layer containing the methacrylic resin is 110 ° C. or higher,
- the difference (S2 ⁇ S1) between the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the layer containing polycarbonate and the linear expansion coefficient (S2) of the layer containing methacrylic resin, and the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the layer containing polycarbonate. )) ((S2-S1) / S1) is from -10% to + 10%.
- the methacrylic resin contains 40 to 80% by mass of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate and 60 to 20% by mass of structural units derived from methacrylic acid alicyclic hydrocarbon ester, [1] or [2 ] The manufacturing method of the extrusion resin board of. [4] The method for producing an extruded resin plate according to [3], wherein the methacrylic acid alicyclic hydrocarbon ester is a methacrylic acid polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon ester.
- the layer containing the methacrylic resin contains 5 to 80% by mass of a methacrylic resin, and 95 to 20% by mass of a copolymer including a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound and a structural unit derived from maleic anhydride; A process for producing an extruded resin plate according to [1] or [2].
- the copolymer comprises 50 to 84 mass% of structural units derived from the aromatic vinyl compound, 15 to 49 mass% of structural units derived from maleic anhydride, and 1 to structural units derived from methacrylic acid ester.
- the method for producing an extruded resin plate according to [5] containing 35% by mass.
- the method further includes a step (Y) of heating the extruded resin plate at a temperature of 65 to 110 ° C. for 1 to 30 hours,
- the extruded resin plate before heating has an in-plane retardation slow axis or fast axis angle absolute value of 5 to 45 ° when the axis parallel to the extrusion direction is 0 °.
- the extruded resin plate Before and after heating, the extruded resin plate has a retardation value of at least a part of the plane in the width direction of 50 to 330 nm,
- the absolute value of the angle of the slow axis or the fast axis of the in-plane retardation when the axis parallel to the extrusion direction is 0 ° is 5 to 45 °
- the glass transition temperature of the layer containing the methacrylic resin is 110 ° C. or higher, When heated at a constant temperature in the range of 75 to 100 ° C.
- the in-plane retardation value at least in the width direction is 50 to 330 nm both before and after heating,
- the reduction rate of the retardation value after heating with respect to before heating is less than 30%
- the difference (S2 ⁇ S1) between the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the layer containing polycarbonate and the linear expansion coefficient (S2) of the layer containing methacrylic resin, and the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the layer containing polycarbonate. ) ((S2-S1) / S1) is an extruded resin plate having a ratio of -10% to + 10%. [10] When the extruded resin plate is heated at 75 ° C. or 100 ° C.
- the in-plane retardation value at least in the width direction is 50 to 330 nm both before and after heating.
- the extruded resin plate according to [9] wherein a reduction rate of the retardation value after heating with respect to before heating is less than 30%.
- the in-plane retardation value (Re) and the axial direction of the in-plane retardation are in a suitable range, and an extruded resin plate having good surface properties A manufacturing method thereof can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extruded resin plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic cross section of the extruded resin plate of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the extrusion resin board of one Embodiment concerning this invention.
- the present invention relates to an extruded resin plate suitable as a protective plate for liquid crystal displays and touch panels.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention is a layer containing methacrylic resin (PM) on at least one side of a layer containing polycarbonate (PC) (hereinafter also simply referred to as polycarbonate-containing layer) (hereinafter also simply referred to as methacrylic resin-containing layer).
- PC polycarbonate
- methacrylic resin (PM) is excellent in gloss, transparency, and scratch resistance. Therefore, the extruded resin plate of the present invention in which these resins are laminated is excellent in gloss, transparency, impact resistance, and scratch resistance.
- the extrusion resin plate of this invention is manufactured by the extrusion molding method, it is excellent in productivity.
- the methacrylic resin-containing layer contains one or more methacrylic resins (PM).
- the methacrylic resin (PM) is preferably a homopolymer or copolymer containing a structural unit derived from one or more methacrylic acid hydrocarbon esters (hereinafter also simply referred to as methacrylic acid esters) containing methyl methacrylate (MMA). It is.
- the hydrocarbon group in the methacrylic acid ester may be an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic group such as a phenyl group. It may be a hydrocarbon group.
- the content of the methacrylic acid ester monomer unit in the methacrylic resin (PM) is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 90% by mass or more. It may be 100% by mass.
- the methacrylic resin (PM) may contain a structural unit derived from one or more other monomers other than the methacrylic acid ester.
- Other monomers include methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, acrylic 2-ethylhexyl acid, nonyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-acrylate Methoxyethyl, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, trifluoromethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl acrylate, pentafluoroethyl acryl
- MA ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, and the like are preferable.
- MA, ethyl acrylate, and the like Is more preferable, and MA is particularly preferable.
- the content of structural units derived from other monomers in the methacrylic resin (PM) is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the methacrylic resin (PM) is preferably obtained by polymerizing one or more methacrylic acid esters containing MMA and, if necessary, other monomers.
- the polymerization is usually carried out after preparing a monomer mixture by mixing a plurality of types of monomers.
- the polymerization method is not particularly limited, and radical polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, solution polymerization method, and emulsion polymerization method are preferable from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the methacrylic resin (PM) is preferably 40,000 to 500,000.
- Mw is a standard polystyrene equivalent value measured using gel perem chromatography (GPC).
- the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin-containing layer is represented as Tg (M).
- Tg (M) is not particularly limited, and it is easy to obtain an extruded resin plate having good surface properties and small warpage due to residual stress. Therefore, the lower limit of Tg (M) is preferably 110 ° C., more preferably 115 ° C, particularly preferably 120 ° C, most preferably 125 ° C, and the upper limit of Tg (M) is preferably 160 ° C, more preferably 155 ° C, particularly preferably 150 ° C.
- the methacrylic resin-containing layer can include a methacrylic resin (B) including a structural unit derived from MMA and an alicyclic hydrocarbon ester.
- a methacrylic resin (B) including a structural unit derived from MMA and an alicyclic hydrocarbon ester is referred to as “methacrylic acid ester (I)”.
- Methacrylic acid ester (I) includes methacrylic acid monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon esters such as cyclohexyl methacrylate, cyclopentyl methacrylate, and cycloheptyl methacrylate; 2-norbornyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-2-norbornyl Nyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-2-norbornyl methacrylate, 2-isobornyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-2-isobornyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-2-isobornyl methacrylate, 8-tricyclo [5.2 .1.0 2,6 ] decanyl methacrylate (TCDMA), 8-methyl-8-tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decanyl methacrylate, 8-ethyl-8-tricyclo [5.2.
- the methacrylic resin (B) is more preferably a methacrylic resin (BX) containing a structural unit derived from MMA and a polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon ester of methacrylic acid, and MMA and 8-tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2, 6 ]
- BX-a a methacrylic resin containing a structural unit derived from decanyl methacrylate (TCDMA) is particularly preferred.
- the content of the MMA monomer unit in the methacrylic resin (B) is preferably 40 to 80% by mass, more preferably 50 to 80% by mass, and particularly preferably 50 to 60% by mass from the viewpoint of hardness.
- the methacrylic ester (I) monomer unit in the methacrylic resin (B) The content is preferably 20 to 60% by mass, more preferably 20 to 50% by mass, and particularly preferably 40 to 50% by mass. If the content of the methacrylic acid ester (I) monomer unit exceeds 60% by mass, the impact resistance of the methacrylic resin-containing layer may be lowered.
- the methacrylic resin-containing layer contains a methacrylic resin composition (MR) containing methacrylic resin (IV) and SMA resin (hereinafter also simply referred to as a resin composition (MR)).
- MR methacrylic resin composition
- SMA resin is derived from one or more acid anhydrides (III) including a structural unit derived from one or more aromatic vinyl compounds (II) and maleic anhydride (MAH). It is a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from MMA, and more preferably a structural unit derived from MMA.
- the methacrylic resin composition (MR) can preferably contain 5 to 80% by mass of methacrylic resin (IV) and 95 to 20% by mass of SMA resin.
- the methacrylic resin (IV) is preferably a homopolymer or copolymer containing a structural unit derived from one or more methacrylic acid esters containing MMA.
- the methacrylic acid ester is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoint of availability, MMA, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, and the like.
- MMA is particularly preferable.
- the content of the methacrylic acid ester monomer unit in the methacrylic resin (IV) is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, particularly preferably 98% by mass or more, and 100% by mass. Also good.
- the methacrylic resin (IV) is preferably a methacrylic resin (A) containing MMA monomer units.
- the content of the MMA monomer unit in the methacrylic resin (A) is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, particularly preferably 98% by mass or more, and most preferably 100% by mass.
- the methacrylic resin (IV) may contain a structural unit derived from one or more other monomers other than the methacrylic acid ester. As another monomer, what was mentioned above in description of methacryl resin (PM) can be used.
- the content of other monomer units in the methacrylic resin (IV) is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the content of the methacrylic resin (IV) in the resin composition (MR) is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 5 to It is 55% by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
- the SMA resin is a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from one or more aromatic vinyl compounds (II) and one or more acid anhydrides (III) containing MAH.
- aromatic vinyl compound (II) include styrene (St); nuclear alkyl-substituted styrene such as 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-ethylstyrene, and 4-tert-butylstyrene; ⁇ - ⁇ -alkyl substituted styrenes such as methylstyrene and 4-methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene; Among these, styrene (St) is preferable from the viewpoint of availability.
- the content of the aromatic vinyl compound (II) monomer unit in the SMA resin is preferably 50 to 85% by mass, more preferably 55 to 82%. % By mass, particularly preferably 60 to 80% by mass.
- the acid anhydride (III) at least maleic anhydride (MAH) is used from the viewpoint of availability, and other acid anhydrides such as citraconic anhydride and dimethylmaleic anhydride can be used as necessary.
- the content of the acid anhydride (III) monomer unit in the SMA resin is preferably 15 to 50% by mass, more preferably 18 to 45% by mass. %, Particularly preferably 20 to 40% by mass.
- the SMA resin can contain a structural unit derived from one or more methacrylic acid ester monomers in addition to the aromatic vinyl compound (II) and the acid anhydride (III).
- methacrylic acid esters include MMA, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate t-butyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid.
- Examples include 2-ethylhexyl acid, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, and 1-phenylethyl methacrylate.
- methacrylic acid alkyl esters in which the alkyl group has 1 to 7 carbon atoms are preferred.
- MMA is particularly preferable.
- the content of the methacrylic acid ester monomer unit in the SMA resin is preferably 1 to 35% by mass, more preferably 3 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably. 5 to 26% by mass.
- the content of the aromatic vinyl compound (II) monomer unit is preferably 50 to 84% by mass
- the content of the acid anhydride (III) monomer unit is preferably 15 to 49% by mass. .
- the SMA resin may have a structural unit derived from another monomer other than the aromatic vinyl compound (II), the acid anhydride (III), and the methacrylic ester.
- another monomer what was mentioned above in description of methacryl resin (PM) can be used.
- the content of other monomer units in the SMA resin is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the SMA resin can be obtained by polymerizing the aromatic vinyl compound (II), the acid anhydride (III), and if necessary, a methacrylic acid ester and, if necessary, other monomers. In this polymerization, usually, a plurality of types of monomers are mixed to prepare a monomer mixture, and then polymerization is performed.
- the polymerization method is not particularly limited, and radical polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization method and solution polymerization method are preferable from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the Mw of the SMA resin is preferably 40,000 to 300,000.
- the Mw is 40,000 or more, the methacrylic resin-containing layer has excellent scratch resistance and impact resistance, and when the Mw is 300,000 or less, the methacrylic resin-containing layer has excellent moldability.
- the content of the SMA resin in the resin composition (MR) is preferably 20 from the viewpoint of reducing the later-described linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) and the glass transition temperature (Tg (M)) of 110 ° C. or higher. It is at least mass%, more preferably 45 to 95 mass%, particularly preferably 50 to 90 mass%.
- Resin composition (MR) is obtained, for example, by mixing methacrylic resin (IV) and SMA resin.
- the mixing method include a melt mixing method and a solution mixing method.
- a melt mixing method a single- or multi-axis kneader, an open roll, a Banbury mixer, a kneader or other melt kneader is used, and an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas, argon gas, and helium gas is used as necessary. Melt kneading can be carried out underneath.
- methacrylic resin (IV) and SMA resin can be dissolved and mixed in an organic solvent such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, and methyl ethyl ketone.
- a methacrylic resin content layer can contain methacrylic resin (PM) and one or more sorts of other polymers as needed.
- a methacrylic resin content layer can contain a methacrylic resin (B) and one or more other polymers as needed.
- the methacrylic resin-containing layer comprises a methacrylic resin composition (MR), wherein the methacrylic resin composition (MR) is methacrylic resin (IV), SMA resin, and optionally one or more other Polymers can be included.
- the other polymer is not particularly limited, and other thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, polyester, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyimide, polyether imide, and polyacetal.
- a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin, a melamine resin, a silicone resin, and an epoxy resin.
- the content of the other polymer in the methacrylic resin-containing layer is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the methacrylic resin-containing layer can contain various additives as required.
- Additives include antioxidants, thermal degradation inhibitors, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, lubricants, mold release agents, polymer processing aids, antistatic agents, flame retardants, dyes / pigments, light diffusing agents, gloss Examples include quenchers, impact modifiers such as core-shell particles and block copolymers, and phosphors.
- Content of an additive can be suitably set in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- the content of the antioxidant is 0.01 to 1 part by mass and the content of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.01 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin constituting the methacrylic resin-containing layer. Is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass
- the lubricant is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass
- the dye / pigment is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass.
- the addition timing may be during or after the polymerization of the methacrylic resin (PM) or the methacrylic resin (B).
- the addition timing may be at the time of polymerization of the methacrylic resin (IV) and / or SMA resin, or at the time of mixing or mixing these resins. It may be later.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the constituent resin of the methacrylic resin-containing layer is preferably 1 to 10 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 1.5 to 7 g / 10 minutes, particularly preferably. 2-4 g / 10 min.
- the MFR of the constituent resin of the methacrylic resin-containing layer is a value measured using a melt indexer at a temperature of 230 ° C. and a load of 3.8 kg.
- the polycarbonate-containing layer includes one or more types of polycarbonate (PC).
- the polycarbonate (PC) is preferably obtained by copolymerizing one or more dihydric phenols and one or more carbonate precursors.
- the production method includes an interfacial polymerization method in which an aqueous solution of a dihydric phenol and an organic solvent solution of a carbonate precursor are reacted at the interface, and a reaction between the dihydric phenol and the carbonate precursor under high temperature, reduced pressure, and solvent-free conditions. Examples include a transesterification method.
- dihydric phenol examples include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (commonly called bisphenol A), 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, and bis (4- Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and the like, and among them, bisphenol A is preferred.
- the carbonate precursor include carbonyl halides such as phosgene; carbonate esters such as diphenyl carbonate; haloformates such as dihaloformates of dihydric phenols; and the like.
- the Mw of polycarbonate (PC) is preferably 10,000 to 100,000, more preferably 20,000 to 70,000.
- the polycarbonate-containing layer has excellent impact resistance and heat resistance, and when the Mw is 100,000 or less, the polycarbonate-containing layer has excellent moldability.
- PC polycarbonate
- a commercially available product may be used as the polycarbonate (PC).
- PC polycarbonate
- the polycarbonate-containing layer can contain one or more other polymers and / or various additives as required. As other polymers and various additives, the same ones as described above in the description of the methacrylic resin-containing layer can be used.
- the content of the other polymer in the polycarbonate-containing layer is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5% by mass or less. Content of an additive can be suitably set in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
- the content of the antioxidant is 0.01 to 1 part by mass
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.01 to 3 parts by mass
- the content of the light stabilizer is 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate (PC).
- the content is preferably 01 to 3 parts by mass
- the lubricant content is 0.01 to 3 parts by mass
- the dye / pigment content is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass.
- the addition timing may be during or after the polymerization of the polycarbonate (PC).
- the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate-containing layer is represented as Tg (PC).
- Tg (PC) is preferably 120 to 160 ° C, more preferably 135 to 155 ° C, and particularly preferably 140 to 150 ° C.
- the MFR of the constituent resin of the polycarbonate-containing layer is preferably 1 to 30 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 3 to 20 g / 10 minutes, and particularly preferably 5 to 10 g / 10 minutes. .
- the MFR of the constituent resin of the polycarbonate-containing layer is a value measured using a melt indexer under conditions of a temperature of 300 ° C. and a load of 1.2 kg unless otherwise specified.
- Linear expansion ratio (SR) Linear expansion ratio (SR)
- the difference (S2-S1) between the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the polycarbonate-containing layer and the linear expansion coefficient (S2) of the methacrylic resin-containing layer, and the linear expansion coefficient (S1) of the polycarbonate-containing layer ((S2-S1) / S1) is defined as the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR).
- the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) is ⁇ 10% to + 10%, preferably ⁇ 10% to + 5%, more preferably ⁇ 5% to + 2%.
- the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) is -10% to -0.1%, -5% to -0.1%, + 0.1% to + 10%, + 0.1% to + 5%, or + 0.1%. Can be ⁇ 2%. When the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) is within such a range, it is easy to obtain an extruded resin plate having good surface properties and small warpage due to residual stress.
- the thickness of the methacrylic resin-containing layer is preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 to 150 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mm.
- the total thickness of the extruded resin plate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 2 in applications such as protective plates such as liquid crystal displays and touch panel displays. 0 mm. If it is too thin, the rigidity may be insufficient, and if it is too thick, it may hinder weight reduction of a liquid crystal display, a touch panel display, or the like.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention may have another resin layer as long as the methacrylic resin-containing layer is laminated on at least one surface of the polycarbonate-containing layer.
- the laminated structure of the extruded resin plate of the present invention includes a polycarbonate-containing layer-methacrylic resin-containing layer two-layer structure; a methacrylic resin-containing layer-a polycarbonate-containing layer-a methacrylic resin-containing layer; a methacrylic resin-containing layer-a polycarbonate-containing layer Layer—a three-layer structure of another resin layer; a three-layer structure of another resin layer—a methacrylic resin-containing layer—a polycarbonate-containing layer; and the like.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of extruded resin plates according to first and second embodiments of the present invention.
- reference numerals 16X and 16Y denote extruded resin plates
- reference numeral 21 denotes a polycarbonate-containing layer
- reference numerals 22, 22A and 22B denote methacrylic resin-containing layers.
- the extruded resin plate 16X of the first embodiment has a two-layer structure of a polycarbonate-containing layer 21-methacrylic resin-containing layer 22.
- the extruded resin plate 16Y of the second embodiment has a three-layer structure of a first methacrylic resin containing layer 22A-polycarbonate containing layer 21-second methacrylic resin containing layer 22B.
- the configuration of the extruded resin plate can be changed as appropriate.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention can have a cured coating on at least one outermost surface as necessary.
- the cured coating can function as a scratch-resistant layer or a low-reflective layer for improving visibility.
- the cured film can be formed by a known method (see Patent Documents 5 and 6 listed in the “Background Art” section).
- the thickness of the scratch-resistant (hard coat property) cured film (scratch-resistant layer) is preferably 2 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m. If it is too thin, the surface hardness will be insufficient, and if it is too thick, cracks may occur due to bending during the production process.
- the thickness of the low reflective cured film (low reflective layer) is preferably 80 to 200 nm, more preferably 100 to 150 nm. If it is too thin or too thick, the low reflection performance may be insufficient.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention is produced by a production method including coextrusion molding.
- Process (X) The constituent resins of the polycarbonate-containing layer and the methacrylic resin-containing layer are each heated and melted, and in a state of a thermoplastic resin laminate in which the methacrylic resin-containing layer is laminated on at least one side of the polycarbonate-containing layer, from a T-die having a wide discharge port Co-extruded in the molten state.
- the molten resin for the polycarbonate-containing layer and the methacrylic resin-containing layer is preferably melt filtered with a filter before lamination.
- a filter By performing multilayer molding using each melted resin that has been melt-filtered, an extruded resin plate having few defects due to foreign matters and gels can be obtained.
- the filter medium of the filter is appropriately selected depending on the use temperature, viscosity, filtration accuracy, and the like.
- nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene, polyester, rayon, cotton, glass fiber, etc .; sheet-like product made of phenol resin impregnated cellulose; metal fiber nonwoven fabric sintered sheet material; metal powder sintered sheet material; wire mesh; A combination etc. are mentioned.
- a filter in which a plurality of metal fiber nonwoven fabric sintered sheets are laminated is preferable.
- the filtration accuracy of the filter is not particularly limited, and is preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- Examples of the stacking method include a feed block method in which layers are stacked before the inflow of the T die, and a multi-manifold method in which layers are stacked inside the T die. From the viewpoint of enhancing the interfacial smoothness between the layers of the extruded resin plate, the multi-manifold method is preferable.
- the molten thermoplastic resin laminate coextruded from the T-die is cooled using a plurality of cooling rolls.
- Examples of the cooling roll include a metal roll and an elastic roll (hereinafter also referred to as a metal elastic roll) provided with a metal thin film on the outer periphery.
- Examples of the metal roll include a drilled roll and a spiral roll.
- the surface of the metal roll may be a mirror surface, or may have a pattern or unevenness.
- the metal elastic roll includes, for example, a shaft roll made of stainless steel or the like, a metal thin film made of stainless steel or the like covering the outer peripheral surface of the shaft roll, and a fluid enclosed between the shaft roll and the metal thin film. The elasticity can be shown by the presence of the fluid.
- the thickness of the metal thin film is preferably about 2 to 5 mm.
- the metal thin film preferably has flexibility, flexibility, and the like, and preferably has a seamless structure without a weld joint.
- the metal elastic roll provided with such a metal thin film is excellent in durability, and if the metal thin film is mirror-finished, it can be handled in the same manner as a normal mirror roll, and the metal thin film is given a pattern, unevenness, etc. Since it becomes a roll that can transfer the shape, it is easy to use.
- the extruded resin plate obtained after cooling is taken up by a take-up roll.
- the above steps of coextrusion, cooling, and take-up are performed continuously.
- the heat-melted state is mainly expressed as “thermoplastic resin laminate”, and the solidified one is expressed as “extruded resin plate”, but there is a clear boundary between them. Absent.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus including a T die 11, first to third cooling rolls 12 to 14, and a pair of take-up rolls 15 as an embodiment.
- the thermoplastic resin laminate coextruded from the T-die 11 is cooled using the first to third cooling rolls 12 to 14 and taken up by the pair of take-up rolls 15.
- the 3rd cooling roll 14 is "the cooling roll (henceforth only the last cooling roll) on which a thermoplastic resin laminated body is wound last”.
- a fourth and subsequent cooling rolls may be installed adjacent to the subsequent stage of the third cooling roll 14. In this case, the cooling roll around which the thermoplastic resin laminate is wound last becomes the “last cooling roll”.
- a conveyance roll can be installed as needed between a plurality of cooling rolls and take-up rolls adjacent to each other, the conveyance roll is not included in the “cooling roll”.
- the configuration of the manufacturing apparatus can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the total temperature (TX) of the thermoplastic resin laminate when sandwiched between the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll is used as the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC )) + 10 ° C. or higher.
- temperature (TX) shall be measured by the method as described in a term of an after-mentioned [Example].
- the total temperature (TT) of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the position where it is peeled off from the last cooling roll (the third cooling roll in FIG. 3) is the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer.
- the temperature range is -2 ° C to + 19 ° C.
- the temperature (TT) is preferably ⁇ 2 ° C. to ⁇ 0.1 ° C. or + 0.1 ° C. to + 19 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 15 ° C., particularly preferably +0 with respect to (Tg (PC)). 1 ° C to + 15 ° C.
- the temperature TT is excessively low with respect to Tg (PC)
- the shape of the last cooling roll (third cooling roll in FIG. 3) is transferred to the extruded resin plate, and the warpage may increase.
- the temperature TT is excessively high with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin layer in contact with the last cooling roll (the third cooling roll in FIG. 3)
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the temperature (TT) is measured by the method described in the section “Examples” below.
- the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) is set to ⁇ 10% to + 10%
- the glass transition temperature (Tg (M)) of the methacrylic resin-containing layer is set to 110 ° C. or higher. It is preferable to do.
- Retardation is a phase difference between light in the molecular main chain direction and light in a direction perpendicular thereto.
- polymers can be obtained in any shape by heat-melt molding, but it is known that retardation occurs due to orientation of molecules by stress generated in the process of heating and cooling. Therefore, in order to control retardation, it is necessary to control molecular orientation.
- the molecular orientation is generated by stress at the time of molding near the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the present inventors control the molecular orientation by optimizing the manufacturing conditions in the extrusion molding process, thereby optimizing the Re value after molding of the extruded resin plate, and further, the thermal change of the Re value. It was found that it can be suppressed.
- the extruded resin plate has a Re value of at least a part in the width direction of 50 to 330 nm, and the Re value of the extruded resin plate after heating is reduced with respect to that before heating.
- the rate is preferably less than 30%.
- the “circumferential speed ratio” is the ratio of the peripheral speed of any other cooling roll or take-up roll to the second cooling roll.
- the circumferential speed of the second cooling roll is represented as V2
- the circumferential speed of the third cooling roll is represented as V3
- the circumferential speed of the take-up roll is represented as V4.
- the total temperature (TT) of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the position where it is peeled from the last cooling roll is the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC) of the polycarbonate-containing layer. ) To ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C.
- Tg (PC) glass transition temperature
- the total temperature of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the time of first contact with the last cooling roll is higher than the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer.
- Tg (PC) glass transition temperature
- it is about + 20 ° C. or higher with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)).
- the Re value increases as the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) increases.
- the reason is estimated as follows. Under the condition that the temperature (TT) is adjusted in the range of ⁇ 2 to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer, the peripheral speed ratio of the take-up roll is increased, and the extruded resin plate is greatly increased. When tensile stress is applied, it is presumed that the Re value increases because it is a temperature region in which resin molecules are easily oriented.
- the molecules When the tensile stress is applied, the molecules are oriented and the Re value is increased. However, since the heating temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer, the orientation of the molecules is difficult to relax. It is assumed that the rate of decline of the price does not change significantly.
- Tg (PC) glass transition temperature
- the temperature (TT) is controlled in the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer, and the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is in a suitable range. It was found that the Re value and the rate of decrease of the Re value after heating can be controlled by adjusting inward. Specifically, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is set to 0.98 or more and less than 1.0. If the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is 1.0 or more, the Re value may exceed 330 nm (see Comparative Examples 5 to 7 below).
- the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is less than 0.98, Re may be less than 50 nm (see Comparative Example 8 described later). From the viewpoint of optimizing the Re value, the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is more preferably 0.985 to 0.995 (see Examples 1 to 10 and 12 to 15 described later).
- the axial direction of in-plane retardation depends on the orientation direction of the molecules.
- the direction perpendicular to the molecular orientation direction is the fast axis and the parallel direction is the slow axis.
- the direction perpendicular to the molecular orientation direction is the slow axis and the parallel direction is the fast axis. That is, the fast axis and the slow axis are orthogonal to each other.
- the orientation direction of molecules depends on the tensile direction, and generally, the direction parallel to the extrusion direction is the fast axis or the slow axis.
- the present inventors have passed through a polarizing filter (polarized sunglasses, etc.) about a sample of an extruded resin plate that has been cut and processed so as to be orthogonal to the extrusion direction, and a liquid crystal in which the transmission axis of the polarizer is horizontal with respect to the observation screen. Evaluation was performed for the visibility when the display was viewed. In the production conditions in which the temperature (TX) is + 10 ° C. or higher with respect to Tg (PC) and the temperature (TT) is in the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C.
- the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) is 1.0. Even when the angle is less than 5 °, the slow axis or the fast axis of the in-plane retardation is parallel or close to less than 5 ° with respect to the extrusion direction, and the visibility may deteriorate when the liquid crystal display is viewed under the above evaluation conditions. I understood.
- the Re value of the extruded resin plate is not particularly limited.
- the Re value exceeds 330 nm, the difference in transmittance of each wavelength in the visible light range becomes large when viewed through a polarizing filter such as polarized sunglasses, and various colors can be seen. Visibility may be reduced, and if the Re value is less than 50 nm, the transmittance at all wavelengths in the visible light range may be reduced and visibility may be reduced.
- Re is preferably 50 to 330 nm. Within this range, the brightness increases as the value increases, and the color tends to become clearer as the value decreases. From the viewpoint of balance between brightness and color, the Re value is more preferably 80 to 250 nm. Note that at least a part of the width direction Re is preferably 50 to 330 nm, more preferably 80 to 250 nm.
- a constant temperature within a range of 75 to 100 ° C. and a constant time within a range of 1 to 30 hours can be set.
- the evaluation can be performed under conditions of 75 ° C. for 5 hours or 100 ° C. for 5 hours.
- the evaluation can be carried out by heating the test piece in an oven controlled at 100 ° C. ⁇ 3 ° C. or 75 ° C. ⁇ 3 ° C. for 5 hours.
- the said heating conditions consider the temperature and time of the heating in the process of forming a general cured film. Therefore, it is preferable that the Re value can be maintained within a suitable range when the heating under the above conditions is performed and evaluated.
- the absolute value of the in-plane retardation slow axis or fast axis angle when the axis parallel to the extrusion direction is 0 ° is 5 to 45 °, and the methacrylic resin-containing layer
- Tg (M) glass transition temperature
- Tg (M) is 110 ° C. or higher and heated at a constant temperature within the range of 75 to 100 ° C. for 5 hours
- at least a partial Re value in the width direction is 50 before and after heating.
- An extruded resin plate having a thickness of ⁇ 330 nm, preferably 80 to 250 nm, and a reduction in retardation value after heating with respect to before heating is less than 30%, preferably less than 15% can be produced.
- step (Y) In the production method of the present invention, in order to provide the above-mentioned characteristics more stably and to obtain an extruded resin plate suitable as a protective plate for a liquid crystal display and a touch panel more stably, an extruded resin is obtained after step (X).
- the step (Y) of heating the plate at a temperature of 65 to 110 ° C. for 1 to 30 hours can be performed.
- the extruded resin plate before step (Y) has an in-plane retardation slow axis or fast axis angle absolute value of 5 to 45 ° when the axis parallel to the extrusion direction is 0 °.
- the extruded resin plate has at least a partial Re value in the width direction of 50 to 330 nm, preferably 80 to 250 nm, after step (Y) with respect to before step (Y).
- the reduction rate in the process (Y) of the extruded resin plate is less than 30%, preferably less than 15%.
- the occurrence of warpage due to thermal change is small, the in-plane retardation value (Re) and the axial direction of in-plane retardation are suitable, and the extrusion has good surface properties.
- a resin plate and a manufacturing method thereof can be provided. Since the extruded resin plate of the present invention has a methacrylic resin-containing layer laminated on at least one side of a polycarbonate-containing layer, it is excellent in gloss, scratch resistance, and impact resistance.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention is resistant to heating and high-temperature environments in the process of forming a cured film that functions as a scratch-resistant layer, etc., because warpage due to thermal change is small and thermal change of Re value is small.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention is suitable as a protective plate for liquid crystal displays and touch panels, and has excellent screen visibility when the extruded resin plate of the present invention is used as a protective plate for liquid crystal displays and touch panels.
- the extruded resin plate of the present invention is suitable as a protective plate for liquid crystal displays and touch panels.
- ATMs of financial institutions such as banks; vending machines; mobile phones (including smartphones), personal digital assistants (PDAs) such as tablet personal computers, digital audio players, portable game machines, copiers, fax machines, and cars
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- liquid crystal displays and touch panels used in digital information devices such as navigation systems.
- Evaluation items and evaluation methods are as follows.
- the copolymer composition of the SMA resin was determined by a 13 C-NMR method according to the following procedure using a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (“GX-270” manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- GX-270 nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- a sample solution was prepared by dissolving 1.5 g of SMA resin in 1.5 ml of deuterated chloroform, and a 13 C-NMR spectrum was measured under conditions of room temperature and 4000 to 5000 times of integration. Asked.
- the Mw of the resin was determined by the GPC method according to the following procedure. Tetrahydrofuran was used as the eluent, and two columns of “TSKgel SuperMultipore HZM-M” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation and “SuperHZ4000” were connected in series as the column. As a GPC apparatus, HLC-8320 (product number) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation equipped with a differential refractive index detector (RI detector) was used. A sample solution was prepared by dissolving 4 mg of the resin in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran.
- RI detector differential refractive index detector
- the column oven temperature was set to 40 ° C., 20 ⁇ l of sample solution was injected at an eluent flow rate of 0.35 ml / min, and the chromatogram was measured.
- Ten standard polystyrenes having a molecular weight in the range of 400 to 5,000,000 were measured by GPC, and a calibration curve showing the relationship between retention time and molecular weight was prepared. Mw was determined based on this calibration curve.
- Glass transition temperature (Tg) of each layer The glass transition temperature (Tg) of each layer was measured by putting 10 mg of the constituent resin (composition) in an aluminum pan and using a differential scanning calorimeter (“DSC-50”, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation). After performing nitrogen substitution for 30 minutes or more, in a nitrogen stream of 10 ml / min, the temperature was once increased from 25 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a rate of 20 ° C./min, held for 10 minutes, and cooled to 25 ° C. (primary scanning) ). Next, the temperature was raised to 200 ° C.
- DSC-50 differential scanning calorimeter
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the coefficient of linear expansion is defined as the rate of change in length per unit temperature change.
- the linear expansion coefficient of each layer was measured according to JIS K7197 using a thermomechanical analyzer (“TMA4000”, manufactured by Bruker AXS Co., Ltd.). That is, for each layer, a press-molded resin plate having the same composition was obtained, and a 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm, 10 mm high rectangular columnar sample was cut out using a diamond saw to form a smooth end face. The obtained sample was placed on a quartz plate so that the surface of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm was in contact with the quartz plate, and a cylindrical rod was placed thereon and fixed by applying a compression load of 5 g.
- the temperature was raised from 25 ° C. (room temperature) to minus 10 ° C. of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the sample at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min in an air atmosphere, and cooled to 25 ° C. (room temperature) (primary scanning). .
- the temperature was raised from 25 ° C. (room temperature) to a plus 20 ° C. of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the sample at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min (secondary scanning).
- the linear expansion coefficient at each temperature during the secondary scanning was measured, and the average linear expansion coefficient in the range of 30 to 80 ° C. was obtained.
- the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR) was determined from the linear expansion coefficient of each layer.
- Example 1 (Extruded resin board warpage) A rectangular test piece having a short side of 65 mm and a long side of 110 mm was cut out from the obtained extruded resin plate. The short side direction was parallel to the extrusion direction, and the long side direction was perpendicular to the extrusion direction (width direction). The obtained test piece was placed on a glass surface plate so that the methacrylic resin-containing layer was the uppermost layer, and allowed to stand for 24 hours in an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C./relative humidity of 50%. Thereafter, the maximum value of the gap between the test piece and the surface plate was measured using a gap gauge, and this value was used as the initial warpage amount.
- the test piece was placed on the glass surface plate so that the methacrylic resin-containing layer was the uppermost layer, and was left in an environment of a temperature of 85 ° C./relative humidity of 85% for 72 hours, and then a temperature of 23 ° C. / Left for 4 hours in an environment with a relative humidity of 50%. Thereafter, the amount of warpage was measured as in the initial stage, and this value was taken as the amount of warpage after high temperature and high humidity.
- the sign of the warp amount when the downward convex warpage occurs is “plus”, and the upward convex warp occurred
- the sign of the amount of warping was defined as “minus”.
- the absolute value of the shaft angle was measured.
- the test piece was set so that the four sides of the test piece were horizontal or vertical with respect to the measurement axis, and the angle of the axis where the extrusion direction was horizontal was set to 0 °.
- the average value of the five-point measurement was determined. When the angle between the slow axis and the fast axis was different, the smaller one of these was adopted as data.
- Total temperature (TT) of thermoplastic resin laminate The overall temperature (TT) of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the position where it was peeled off from the last cooling roll (specifically, the third cooling roll) was measured using an infrared radiation thermometer. The measurement position was the center of the extruded resin plate in the width direction.
- Total temperature of the thermoplastic resin laminate (Total temperature of the thermoplastic resin laminate (TX))
- TX Total temperature of the thermoplastic resin laminate
- the total temperature (TX) of the thermoplastic resin laminate when sandwiched between the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll is obstructed by a pair of rolls and can be directly measured using an infrared radiation thermometer. Have difficulty. Therefore, an infrared radiation thermometer is used to determine the temperature of the entire thermoplastic resin laminate immediately before passing from the second cooling roll to the third cooling roll and the temperature of the entire thermoplastic resin laminate immediately after passing over the third cooling roll. Measured. The measurement location was the center of the extruded resin plate in the width direction. The average value of the temperature immediately before crossing the third cooling roll and the temperature immediately after crossing was determined as TX.
- TC ratio shows the preparation ratio (mass percentage) of TCDMA with respect to the total amount of MMA and TCDMA.
- SMA ratio shows the preparation ratio (mass percentage) of SMA resin (S1) with respect to the total amount of methacryl resin (A1) and SMA resin (S1).
- PC Polycarbonate
- SD Polyca registered trademark
- Example 1 (Production of extruded resin plate) An extruded resin plate was molded using a manufacturing apparatus as shown in FIG. Methacrylic resin (B1) (MMA / TCDMA copolymer, TC ratio 20 mass%) melted using a 65 mm ⁇ single screw extruder (manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.) and 150 mm ⁇ single screw extruder (manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.) Polycarbonate (PC1) melted using, was laminated through a multi-manifold die, and a molten thermoplastic resin laminate was coextruded from a T die.
- PC1 Methacrylic resin
- PC1 Polycarbonate
- thermoplastic resin laminate is sandwiched between the first cooling roll and the second cooling roll that are adjacent to each other, wound around the second cooling roll, and between the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll. And cooled by being wound around a third cooling roll.
- the extruded resin plate obtained after cooling was taken up by a pair of take-up rolls.
- the polycarbonate-containing layer was in contact with the third cooling roll.
- the total temperature (TX) of the thermoplastic resin laminate when sandwiched between the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll is 165 ° C. by controlling the temperature of the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll. Adjusted.
- the total temperature (TT) of the thermoplastic resin laminate at the position where the thermoplastic resin laminate peels from the third cooling roll was adjusted to 150 ° C.
- Example 2 A methacrylic resin-containing layer (surface layer 1) -polycarbonate-containing layer (surface layer 2) in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition and production conditions of the methacrylic resin-containing layer were changed as shown in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2. 2) An extruded resin plate having a two-layer structure having a laminated structure was obtained. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the extruded resin plate obtained in each example.
- Example 14 and 15 An extruded resin plate was molded using a manufacturing apparatus as shown in FIG. A methacrylic resin melted using a 65 mm ⁇ single screw extruder, a polycarbonate melted using a 150 mm ⁇ single screw extruder, and a methacrylic resin melted using a 65 mm ⁇ single screw extruder are laminated through a multi-manifold die. The thermoplastic resin laminate having a three-layer structure in a molten state was coextruded from the T-die, cooled using first to third cooling rolls, and the extruded resin plate obtained after cooling was taken up by a pair of take-up rolls. .
- an extruded resin plate having a three-layer structure having a laminated structure of a methacrylic resin-containing layer (surface layer 1) -polycarbonate-containing layer (inner layer) -methacrylic resin-containing layer (surface layer 2) was obtained.
- the composition of the two methacrylic resin-containing layers was the same.
- the thickness of each of the two methacrylic resin-containing layers was 0.075 mm
- the thickness of the polycarbonate-containing layer was 0.850 mm
- the total thickness was 1 mm.
- Tables 1-2 and 2 show the main production conditions and the evaluation results of the extruded resin plates obtained in each example.
- the total temperature (TX) of the thermoplastic resin laminate when sandwiched between the second cooling roll and the third cooling roll is the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC) of the polycarbonate-containing layer. ))
- Tg (PC) glass transition temperature
- TT overall temperature
- V4 / V2 was set to 0.98 or more and less than 1.0.
- Example 1 extruded resin plates were produced in which a methacrylic resin-containing layer containing a methacrylic resin (B) having a TC ratio of 20 to 60% by mass and a polycarbonate-containing layer were laminated.
- Example 3 using a methacrylic resin (B) having a TC ratio of 45% by mass, considering the glass transition temperature (Tg (M)), the linear expansion coefficient ratio (SR), the warpage amount, the Re value, and the rate of decrease thereof. The most favorable results were obtained.
- extruded resin plates were produced in which a methacrylic resin-containing layer made of a resin composition (MR) or SMA resin having an SMA ratio of 20 to 70% by mass and a polycarbonate-containing layer were laminated.
- MR resin composition
- SMA resin resin having an SMA ratio of 20 to 70% by mass
- polycarbonate-containing layer a polycarbonate-containing layer
- the Re value and the reduction rate thereof were suitable, and the absolute value of the warpage amount was small, and the most preferable result was obtained.
- the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) was fixed at 0.995.
- a methacrylic resin-containing layer made of a resin composition (MR) having an SMA ratio of 70% by mass was used, the temperature (TT) was fixed at 155 ° C., and the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) was set to 0.00. 98 to 0.99.
- Example 10 in which the peripheral speed ratio (V4 / V2) was relatively high an extruded resin plate having a relatively high Re value was obtained.
- Comparative Example 3 when the temperature (TT) was higher than the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer, an extruded resin plate having poor surface properties was obtained. . In Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 4, when the temperature (TX) is lower than the range of ⁇ 2 ° C. to + 19 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg (PC)) of the polycarbonate-containing layer, a periodic change in the Re value appears. An unsatisfactory extruded resin plate was obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
表面の擦傷等を防止するために、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の表面には透明な保護板が設置される。従来、保護板としては強化ガラスが主に使われてきたが、加工性及び軽量化の観点から、透明樹脂板の開発が行われている。保護板には、光沢、耐擦傷性、及び耐衝撃性等の機能が求められる。
その他、特許文献4には、2枚の樹脂シートを少なくとも1層の絵柄層を挟んで積層した化粧シートにおいて、2枚の樹脂シート間の線膨張率(線膨張係数とも言う)の差を小さくする方法が開示されている(請求項1)。
液晶ディスプレイ用の保護板は、液晶ディスプレイの前面側(視認者側)に設置され、視認者はこの保護板を通して液晶ディスプレイの画面を見る。ここで、保護板は液晶ディスプレイからの出射光の偏光性をほとんど変化させないため、偏光サングラス等の偏光フィルタを通して画面を見ると、出射光の偏光軸と偏光フィルタの透過軸とがなす角度によっては、画面が暗くなり、画像の視認性が低下する場合がある。そこで、偏光フィルタを通して液晶ディスプレイの画面を見る場合の画像の視認性の低下を抑制しうる液晶ディスプレイ用の保護板が検討されている。例えば、特許文献7には、樹脂基板の少なくとも一方の面に硬化被膜が形成された耐擦傷性樹脂板からなり、面内のリタデーション値(Re)が85~300nmである液晶ディスプレイ保護板が開示されている(請求項1)。
例えば、押出樹脂板の成形時に発生する応力を低減し、Re値の低下を抑制するべく、特許文献8、9には、ポリカーボネート層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂層が積層された押出樹脂板を共押出成形する際に、複数の冷却ロールと引取りロールの周速度の関係、及び最後の冷却ロールから剥離する時点における樹脂全体の温度等の製造条件を好適化した押出樹脂板の製造方法が開示されている(特許文献8の請求項1、特許文献9の請求項3、4等)。
また、カーナビゲーションシステム等の車載用表示装置、携帯電話(スマートフォンを含む)等に搭載される液晶ディスプレイ用の保護板は、夏季日照下等の高温環境下で使用される場合がある。
このように製造工程又は使用環境下で樹脂板が高温に曝された場合、熱によりRe値が低下して、所望の範囲外となる恐れがある。Re値の熱変化は小さいことが好ましい。
[1] ポリカーボネートを含有する層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂を含有する層が積層された押出樹脂板の製造方法であって、
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の少なくとも片面に前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層が積層された熱可塑性樹脂積層体を溶融状態でTダイから共押出し、
互いに隣接する3つ以上の冷却ロールを用い、前記溶融状態の熱可塑性樹脂積層体を、第n番目(但し、n≧1)の冷却ロールと第n+1番目の冷却ロールとの間に挟み込み、第n+1番目の冷却ロールに巻き掛ける操作をn=1から複数回繰り返すことにより冷却し、
冷却後に得られた前記押出樹脂板を引取りロールによって引き取る工程(X)を含み、
第2番目の前記冷却ロールと第3番目の前記冷却ロールとの間に挟み込まれているときの前記熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TX)を、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層のガラス転移温度に対し+10℃以上とし、
最後の前記冷却ロールから剥離する位置における前記熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)を、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層のガラス転移温度に対し-2℃~+19℃の範囲とし、
前記引取りロールの周速度(V4)と第2番目の前記冷却ロールの周速度(V2)との周速度比(V4/V2)を0.98以上1.0未満とする、押出樹脂板の製造方法。
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)と前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層の線膨張率(S2)との差(S2-S1)と、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)との比((S2-S1)/S1)が-10%~+10%である、[1]の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
[3] 前記メタクリル樹脂が、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位40~80質量%及びメタクリル酸脂環式炭化水素エステルに由来する構造単位60~20質量%を含有する、[1]または[2]の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
[4] 前記メタクリル酸脂環式炭化水素エステルがメタクリル酸多環脂肪族炭化水素エステルである、[3]の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
[6] 前記共重合体が、前記芳香族ビニル化合物に由来する構造単位50~84質量%、無水マレイン酸に由来する構造単位15~49質量%、及びメタクリル酸エステルに由来する構造単位1~35質量%を含有する、[5]の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
[7] 前記メタクリル酸エステルがメタクリル酸メチルである、[6]の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
[8] 工程(X)後にさらに、前記押出樹脂板を65~110℃の温度で1~30時間加熱する工程(Y)を含み、
加熱前の前記押出樹脂板は、押出方向に平行な軸を0°としたときの面内のレターデーションの遅軸または速軸の角度の絶対値が5~45°であり、
加熱前後の双方において、前記押出樹脂板は、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記押出樹脂板の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満である、[1]~[7]のいずれかの押出樹脂板の製造方法。
押出方向に平行な軸を0°としたときの面内のレターデーションの遅軸または速軸の角度の絶対値が5~45°であり、
前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層のガラス転移温度が110℃以上であり、
75~100℃の範囲内の一定温度で5時間加熱したときに、加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満であり、
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)と前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層の線膨張率(S2)との差(S2-S1)と、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)との比((S2-S1)/S1)が-10%~+10%である、押出樹脂板。
[10] 前記押出樹脂板を75℃または100℃の温度で5時間加熱したときに、加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満である、[9]の押出樹脂板。
[11] 加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が80~250nmである、[9]または[10]の押出樹脂板。
[12] 加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が15%未満である、[9]~[11]のいずれかの押出樹脂板。
[13] 少なくとも一方の表面にさらに耐擦傷性層を備える、[9]~[12]のいずれかの押出樹脂板。
本発明は、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板等として好適な押出樹脂板に関する。本発明の押出樹脂板は、ポリカーボネート(PC)を含有する層(以下、単にポリカーボネート含有層とも言う)の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂(PM)を含有する層(以下、単にメタクリル樹脂含有層とも言う)が積層されたものである。
ポリカーボネート(PC)は耐衝撃性に優れ、メタクリル樹脂(PM)は光沢、透明性、及び耐擦傷性に優れる。したがって、これら樹脂を積層した本発明の押出樹脂板は、光沢、透明性、耐衝撃性、及び耐擦傷性に優れる。また、本発明の押出樹脂板は押出成形法で製造されたものであるため、生産性に優れる。
メタクリル樹脂含有層は、1種以上のメタクリル樹脂(PM)を含む。メタクリル樹脂(PM)は、好ましくはメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を含む1種以上のメタクリル酸炭化水素エステル(以下、単にメタクリル酸エステルとも言う)に由来する構造単位を含む単独重合体又は共重合体である。
メタクリル酸エステル中の炭化水素基は、メチル基、エチル基、及びプロピル基等の非環状脂肪族炭化水素基であっても、脂環式炭化水素基であっても、フェニル基等の芳香族炭化水素基であってもよい。
透明性の観点から、メタクリル樹脂(PM)中のメタクリル酸エステル単量体単位の含有量は、好ましくは50質量%以上、より好ましくは80質量%以上、特に好ましくは90質量%以上であり、100質量%であってもよい。
本明細書において、特に明記しない限り、「Mw」はゲルパーエミーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)を用いて測定される標準ポリスチレン換算値である。
本発明に係る一実施形態において、メタクリル樹脂含有層は、MMA及び脂環式炭化水素エステルに由来する構造単位を含むメタクリル樹脂(B)を含むことができる。
以下、脂環式炭化水素エステルを「メタクリル酸エステル(I)」と表す。メタクリル酸エステル(I)としては、メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル、メタクリル酸シクロペンチル、及びメタクリル酸シクロへプチル等のメタクリル酸単環脂肪族炭化水素エステル;2-ノルボルニルメタクリレート、2-メチル-2-ノルボルニルメタクリレート、2-エチル-2-ノルボルニルメタクリレート、2-イソボルニルメタクリレート、2-メチル-2-イソボルニルメタクリレート、2-エチル-2-イソボルニルメタクリレート、8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート(TCDMA)、8-メチル-8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート、8-エチル-8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート、2-アダマンチルメタクリレート、2-メチル-2-アダマンチルメタクリレート、2-エチル-2-アダマンチルメタクリレート、1-アダマンチルメタクリレート、2-フェンキルメタクリレート、2-メチル-2-フェンキルメタクリレート、及び2-エチル-2-フェンキルメタクリレート等のメタクリル酸多環脂肪族炭化水素エステル;等が挙げられる。中でも、メタクリル酸多環脂肪族炭化水素エステルが好ましく、8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート(TCDMA)がより好ましい。
メタクリル樹脂(B)としては、MMA及びメタクリル酸多環脂肪族炭化水素エステルに由来する構造単位を含むメタクリル樹脂(BX)がより好ましく、MMA及び8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート(TCDMA)に由来する構造単位を含むメタクリル樹脂(BX-a)が特に好ましい。
本発明に係る他の実施形態において、メタクリル樹脂含有層は、メタクリル樹脂(IV)とSMA樹脂とを含むメタクリル樹脂組成物(MR)(以下、単に樹脂組成物(MR)とも言う)を含むことができる。
本明細書において、「SMA樹脂」とは、1種以上の芳香族ビニル化合物(II)に由来する構造単位、及び無水マレイン酸(MAH)を含む1種以上の酸無水物(III)に由来する構造単位を含み、さらに好ましくはMMAに由来する構造単位を含む共重合体である。
メタクリル樹脂組成物(MR)は好ましくは、メタクリル樹脂(IV)5~80質量%と、SMA樹脂95~20質量%とを含むことができる。
芳香族ビニル化合物(II)としては、スチレン(St);2-メチルスチレン、3-メチルスチレン、4-メチルスチレン、4-エチルスチレン、及び4-tert-ブチルスチレン等の核アルキル置換スチレン;α-メチルスチレン及び4-メチル-α-メチルスチレン等のα-アルキル置換スチレン;が挙げられる。中でも、入手性の観点からスチレン(St)が好ましい。樹脂組成物(MR)の透明性及び耐湿性の観点から、SMA樹脂中の芳香族ビニル化合物(II)単量体単位の含有量は、好ましくは50~85質量%、より好ましくは55~82質量%、特に好ましくは60~80質量%である。
酸無水物(III)としては入手性の観点から少なくとも無水マレイン酸(MAH)を用い、必要に応じて、無水シトラコン酸及びジメチル無水マレイン酸等の他の酸無水物を用いることができる。樹脂組成物(MR)の透明性及び耐熱性の観点から、SMA樹脂中の酸無水物(III)単量体単位の含有量は、好ましくは15~50質量%、より好ましくは18~45質量%、特に好ましくは20~40質量%である。
一実施形態において、メタクリル樹脂含有層は、メタクリル樹脂(B)、及び必要に応じて1種以上の他の重合体を含むことができる。
他の実施形態において、メタクリル樹脂含有層はメタクリル樹脂組成物(MR)からなり、メタクリル樹脂組成物(MR)は、メタクリル樹脂(IV)、SMA樹脂、及び必要に応じて1種以上の他の重合体を含むことができる。
他の重合体としては特に制限されず、ポリエチレン及びポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、及びポリアセタール等の他の熱可塑性樹脂;フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、及びエポキシ樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂等が挙げられる。メタクリル樹脂含有層中の他の重合体の含有量は、好ましくは10質量%以下、より好ましくは5質量%以下、特に好ましくは2質量%以下である。
ポリカーボネート含有層は、1種以上のポリカーボネート(PC)を含む。ポリカーボネート(PC)は、好ましくは1種以上の二価フェノールと1種以上のカーボネート前駆体とを共重合して得られる。製造方法としては、二価フェノールの水溶液とカーボネート前駆体の有機溶媒溶液とを界面で反応させる界面重合法、及び、二価フェノールとカーボネート前駆体とを高温、減圧、無溶媒条件下で反応させるエステル交換法等が挙げられる。
ポリカーボネート(PC)に他の重合体及び/又は添加剤を添加させる場合、添加タイミングは、ポリカーボネート(PC)の重合時時でも重合後でもよい。
加熱溶融成形の安定性の観点から、ポリカーボネート含有層の構成樹脂のMFRは、好ましくは1~30g/10分、より好ましくは3~20g/10分、特に好ましくは5~10g/10分である。本明細書において、ポリカーボネート含有層の構成樹脂のMFRは、特に明記しない限り、メルトインデクサーを用いて、温度300℃、1.2kg荷重下の条件で測定される値である。
本発明の押出樹脂板において、ポリカーボネート含有層の線膨張率(S1)とメタクリル樹脂含有層の線膨張率(S2)との差(S2-S1)と、ポリカーボネート含有層の線膨張率(S1)との比((S2-S1)/S1)を、線膨張率比(SR)と定義する。
熱変化等による反りの低減の観点から、線膨張率比(SR)は-10%~+10%であり、好ましくは-10%~+5%、より好ましくは-5%~+2%である。線膨張率比(SR)は、-10%~-0.1%、-5%~-0.1%、+0.1%~+10%、+0.1%~+5%、又は+0.1%~+2%であることができる。線膨張率比(SR)がかかる範囲内であると、表面性が良好で残留応力に起因する反りが小さい押出樹脂板を得やすい。
耐擦傷性と耐衝撃性のバランスに優れることから、メタクリル樹脂含有層の厚さは、好ましくは20~200μm、より好ましくは25~150μm、特に好ましくは30~100μmであり、ポリカーボネート含有層の厚さは、好ましくは0.1~3.0mm、より好ましくは0.5~2.0mmである。
本発明の押出樹脂板の全体の厚さは特に制限されず、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネルディスプレイ等の保護板等の用途では、好ましくは0.1~3.0mm、より好ましくは0.5~2.0mmである。薄すぎると剛性が不充分となる恐れがあり、厚すぎると液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネルディスプレイ等の軽量化の妨げになる恐れがある。
本発明の押出樹脂板は、ポリカーボネート含有層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂含有層が積層されていれば、他の樹脂層を有していてもよい。本発明の押出樹脂板の積層構造としては、ポリカーボネート含有層-メタクリル樹脂含有層の2層構造;メタクリル樹脂含有層-ポリカーボネート含有層-メタクリル樹脂含有層の3層構造;メタクリル樹脂含有層-ポリカーボネート含有層-他の樹脂層の3層構造;他の樹脂層-メタクリル樹脂含有層-ポリカーボネート含有層の3層構造;等が挙げられる。
本発明の押出樹脂板は必要に応じて、少なくとも一方の最表面に硬化被膜を有することができる。硬化被膜は耐擦傷性層又は視認性向上効果のための低反射性層として機能することができる。硬化被膜は公知方法にて形成することができる(「背景技術」の項で挙げた特許文献5、6等を参照されたい。)。
耐擦傷性(ハードコート性)硬化被膜(耐擦傷性層)の厚さは、好ましくは2~30μm、より好ましくは5~20μmである。薄すぎると表面硬度が不充分となり、厚すぎると製造工程中の折り曲げによりクラックが発生する恐れがある。
低反射性硬化被膜(低反射性層)の厚さは、好ましくは80~200nm、より好ましくは100~150nmである。薄すぎても厚すぎても低反射性能が不充分となる恐れがある。
以下、上記構成の本発明の押出樹脂板の製造方法について、説明する。本発明の押出樹脂板は、共押出成形を含む製造方法により製造される。
(工程(X))
ポリカーボネート含有層及びメタクリル樹脂含有層の構成樹脂はそれぞれ加熱溶融され、ポリカーボネート含有層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂含有層が積層された熱可塑性樹脂積層体の状態で、幅広の吐出口を有するTダイから溶融状態で共押出される。
第3冷却ロール14の後段に隣接して第4以降の冷却ロールを設置してもよい。この場合は、熱可塑性樹脂積層体が最後に巻き掛けられる冷却ロールが「最後の冷却ロール」となる。なお、互いに隣接した複数の冷却ロールと引取りロールとの間には必要に応じて搬送用ロールを設置することができるが、搬送用ロールは「冷却ロール」には含めない。
なお、製造装置の構成は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において、適宜設計変更が可能である。
Tg(PC)に対して温度TTが過低では、押出樹脂板に最後の冷却ロール(図3では第3冷却ロール)の形状が転写され、反りが大きくなる恐れがある。一方、最後の冷却ロール(図3では第3冷却ロール)と接する樹脂層のガラス転移温度(Tg)に対して温度TTが過高では、押出樹脂板の表面性が低下する恐れがある。なお、温度(TT)は後記[実施例]の項に記載の方法にて測定するものとする。
なお、詳細については後記するが、加熱前後の双方において、押出樹脂板は、少なくとも幅方向の一部のRe値が50~330nmであり、加熱前に対する加熱後の押出樹脂板のRe値の低下率が30%未満であることが好ましい。
本明細書において、特に明記しない限り、「周速度比」は、第2冷却ロールに対するそれ以外の任意の冷却ロール又は引取りロールの周速度の比である。第2冷却ロールの周速度はV2、第3冷却ロールの周速度はV3、引取ロールの周速度はV4と表す。
本発明者らが第2冷却ロールに対する第3冷却ロールの周速度比(V3/V2)とRe値との関係について種々評価した結果、周速度比(V3/V2)を大きくしてもRe値は大きく増加しないことが分かった。その理由は、以下のように推定される。
本発明の製造方法では、最後の冷却ロール(図3では第3冷却ロール)から剥離する位置における熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)は、ポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して-2℃~+19℃の範囲に調整する。ここで、熱可塑性樹脂積層体の最後の冷却ロールによる冷却過程に着目する。熱可塑性樹脂積層体は最後の冷却ロールに接触しながら冷却されるため、最後の冷却ロールに最初に接触する位置における熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度は、最後の冷却ロールから剥離する位置における熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)よりも高い。したがって、最後の冷却ロールに最初に接触する時点の熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度は、ポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して-2℃~+19℃の範囲よりも高く、例えばガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して+20℃程度又はそれ以上となる。この条件で周速度比(V3/V2)を大きくして押出樹脂板に大きな引張応力をかけたとしても、樹脂の分子が配向し難い高温度領域であるため、Re値は大きく増加しないと推察される。
温度(TT)をポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して-2~+19℃の範囲に調整する条件で、引取りロールの周速度比を大きくし、押出樹脂板に大きな引張応力をかける場合、樹脂の分子が配向しやすい温度領域であるため、Re値が増すと推察される。
温度(TT)がポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して-2~+19℃の範囲より低い条件で、周速度比(V4/V2)を大きくした場合には、Re値が大きくなり、かつ、加熱後のRe値の低下率が大きくなる傾向があることが分かった(後記比較例1,2を参照)。
その理由は、以下にように推定される。温度(TT)をポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対して-2℃~+19℃の範囲に調整する場合、引取りロールの周速度比を大きくして押出樹脂板に大きな引張応力を掛けることにより分子が配向してRe値が大きくなるが、加熱温度がポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))より低い温度であるため分子の配向が緩和し難く、Re値の低下率は大きく変化しないと推察される。
具体的には、本発明の製造方法では、周速度比(V4/V2)を0.98以上1.0未満とする。周速度比(V4/V2)が1.0以上では、Re値が330nmを超える恐れがある(後記比較例5~7を参照)。周速度比(V4/V2)が0.98未満ではReが50nm未満となる恐れがある(後記比較例8を参照)。Re値の好適化の観点から、周速度比(V4/V2)は、より好ましくは0.985~0.995である(後記実施例1~10、12~15を参照)。
面内のレターデーションの軸方向は、分子の配向方向に依存する。なお、樹脂の光弾性係数がプラスの場合、分子の配向方向に対して、直交方向が速軸、平行方向が遅軸となる。これとは逆に、樹脂の光弾性係数がマイナスの場合、分子の配向方向に対して、直交方向が遅軸、平行方向が速軸となる。つまり、速軸と遅軸とは互いに直交する関係にある。また、分子の配向方向は引張方向に依存し、一般的に、押出方向に対して平行方向が速軸又は遅軸となる。
本発明者らは、温度(TX)をTg(PC)に対し+10℃以上とし、温度(TT)をTg(PC)に対し-2℃~+19℃の範囲とする製造条件において、周速度比(V4/V2)が1.0未満の場合、押出方向に対して面内のレターデーションの軸方向は平行とならない(すなわち、ずれる)ことを見出した。具体的には、押出方向に対して面内のレターデーションの遅軸又は速軸の角度が5°以上ずれ、上記評価条件で液晶ディスプレイを視認したとき、視認性が良好となることが分かった。かかる製造条件では、押出方向に対して直交する方向(幅方向)の応力が加算され、面内のレターデーションの軸方向が変化すると推察される。
押出樹脂板のRe値は特に制限されない。液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板の用途では、Re値が330nm超では、偏光サングラス等の偏光フィルタを通して視認した場合に可視光範囲の各波長の透過率の差が大きくなり、さまざまな色が見えて視認性が低下する恐れがあり、Re値が50nm未満では、可視光範囲の全波長での透過率が低下し視認性が低下する恐れがある。視認性の観点から、Reは好ましくは50~330nmである。この範囲内では、値が大きいほど明るさが増し、値が小さくなるほど色が鮮明となる傾向がある。明るさと色のバランスの観点から、Re値はより好ましくは80~250nmである。なお、少なくとも幅方向の一部のReが好ましくは50~330nm、より好ましくは80~250nmであればよい。
押出樹脂板のRe値の低下率を評価するための加熱条件に関しては、75~100℃の範囲内の一定温度、1~30時間の範囲内の一定時間とすることができる。例えば、75℃で5時間又は100℃で5時間の条件で評価を実施することができる。例えば、試験片を100℃±3℃又は75℃±3℃に管理されたオーブン内で5時間加熱することで、評価を実施することができる。なお、上記加熱条件は、一般的な硬化被膜を形成する過程における加熱の温度と時間を考慮している。したがって、上記条件の加熱を実施して評価したときに、Re値を好適な範囲に維持できることが好ましい。
本発明の製造方法では、上述した特性をより安定的に付与し、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板等として好適な押出樹脂板をより安定的に得るために、工程(X)後に、押出樹脂板を65~110℃の温度で1~30時間加熱する工程(Y)を実施することができる。
この場合、工程(Y)前の押出樹脂板は、押出方向に平行な軸を0°としたときの面内のレターデーションの遅軸又は速軸の角度の絶対値が5~45°であり、工程(Y)前後の双方において、押出樹脂板は、少なくとも幅方向の一部のRe値が50~330nmであり、好ましくは80~250nmであり、工程(Y)前に対する工程(Y)後の押出樹脂板の工程(Y)の低下率が30%未満、好ましくは15%未満であることが好ましい。
本発明の押出樹脂板は、ポリカーボネート含有層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂含有層が積層されたものであるので、光沢、耐擦傷性、及び耐衝撃性に優れる。
本発明の押出樹脂板は、熱変化による反りの発生が少なく、Re値の熱変化が小さいため、耐擦傷性層等として機能する硬化被膜を形成する工程等における加熱及び高温使用環境に耐えるものであり、生産性及び耐久性に優れる。
本発明の押出樹脂板は、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板等として好適であり、本発明の押出樹脂板を液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板等として用いたときの画面の視認性に優れる。
本発明の押出樹脂板は、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板等として好適である。例えば、銀行等の金融機関のATM;自動販売機;携帯電話(スマートフォンを含む)、タブレット型パーソナルコンピュータ等の携帯情報端末(PDA)、デジタルオーディオプレーヤー、携帯ゲーム機、コピー機、ファックス、及びカーナビゲーションシステム等のデジタル情報機器等に使用される、液晶ディスプレイ及びタッチパネル等の保護板として好適である。
[評価項目及び評価方法]
評価項目及び評価方法は、以下の通りである。
(SMA樹脂の共重合組成)
SMA樹脂の共重合組成は、核磁気共鳴装置(日本電子社製「GX-270」)を用い、下記の手順で13C-NMR法により求めた。
SMA樹脂1.5gを重水素化クロロホルム1.5mlに溶解させて試料溶液を調製し、室温環境下、積算回数4000~5000回の条件にて13C-NMRスペクトルを測定し、以下の値を求めた。
・[スチレン単位中のベンゼン環(炭素数6)のカーボンピーク(127、134,143ppm付近)の積分強度]/6
・[無水マレイン酸単位中のカルボニル部位(炭素数2)のカーボンピーク(170ppm付近)の積分強度]/2
・[MMA単位中のカルボニル部位(炭素数1)のカーボンピーク(175ppm付近)の積分強度]/1
以上の値の面積比から、試料中のスチレン単位、無水マレイン酸単位、MMA単位のモル比を求めた。得られたモル比とそれぞれの単量体単位の質量比(スチレン単位:無水マレイン酸単位:MMA単位=104:98:100)から、SMA樹脂中の各単量体単位の質量組成を求めた。
樹脂のMwは、下記の手順でGPC法により求めた。溶離液としてテトラヒドロフラン、カラムとして東ソー株式会社製の「TSKgel SuperMultipore HZM-M」の2本と「SuperHZ4000」とを直列に繋いだものを用いた。GPC装置として、示差屈折率検出器(RI検出器)を備えた東ソー株式会社製のHLC-8320(品番)を使用した。樹脂4mgをテトラヒドロフラン5mlに溶解させて試料溶液を調製した。カラムオーブンの温度を40℃に設定し、溶離液流量0.35ml/分で、試料溶液20μlを注入して、クロマトグラムを測定した。分子量が400~5,000,000の範囲内にある標準ポリスチレン10点をGPCで測定し、保持時間と分子量との関係を示す検量線を作成した。この検量線に基づいてMwを決定した。
各層のガラス転移温度(Tg)は、構成樹脂(組成物)10mgをアルミパンに入れ、示差走査熱量計(「DSC-50」、株式会社リガク製)を用いて、測定を実施した。30分以上窒素置換を行った後、10ml/分の窒素気流中、一旦25℃から200℃まで20℃/分の速度で昇温し、10分間保持し、25℃まで冷却した(1次走査)。次いで、10℃/分の速度で200℃まで昇温し(2次走査)、2次走査で得られた結果から、中点法でガラス転移温度(Tg)を算出した。なお、2種以上の樹脂を含有する樹脂組成物において複数のTgデータが得られる場合は、主成分の樹脂に由来する値をTgデータとして採用した。
線膨張率は、単位温度変化あたりの長さ変化率として定義される。各層の線膨張率は、熱機械分析装置(「TMA4000」、ブルカー・エイエックスエス株式会社製)を使用し、JIS K7197に準じて測定した。すなわち、各層について、同組成のプレス成形樹脂板を得、平滑な端面を形成すべくダイヤモンドソーを用いて、5mm×5mm、高さ10mmの四角柱状の試料を切り出した。得られた試料を石英板の上に5mm×5mmの面が石英板に接するように載置し、その上に、円筒状の棒を載置し、5gの圧縮荷重をかけ固定した。次いで、空気雰囲気下、昇温速度3℃/分で25℃(室温)から試料のガラス転移温度(Tg)のマイナス10℃まで昇温し、25℃(室温)まで冷却した(1次走査)。次いで、昇温速度3℃/分で25℃(室温)から試料のガラス転移温度(Tg)のプラス20℃まで昇温した(2次走査)。この2次走査時の各温度における線膨張率を測定し、30~80℃の範囲における平均線膨張率を求めた。各層の線膨張率から線膨張率比(SR)を求めた。
得られた押出樹脂板から、短辺65mm、長辺110mmの長方形状の試験片を切り出した。なお、短辺方向は押出方向に対して平行方向、長辺方向は押出方向に対して垂直方向(幅方向)とした。得られた試験片を、ガラス定盤上に、メタクリル樹脂含有層が最上層となるよう載置し、温度23℃/相対湿度50%の環境下で24時間放置した。その後、隙間ゲージを用いて試験片と定盤との隙間の最大値を測定し、この値を初期反り量とした。次いで、環境試験機内において、試験片をガラス定盤上にメタクリル樹脂含有層が最上層となるよう載置し、温度85℃/相対湿度85%の環境下で72時間放置した後、温度23℃/相対湿度50%の環境下で4時間放置した。その後、初期と同様に反り量の測定を行い、この値を高温高湿後の反り量とした。なお、定盤上にメタクリル樹脂含有層が最上層となるよう載置した試験片において、下向きに凸の反りが生じた場合の反り量の符号を「プラス」、上向きに凸の反りが生じた場合の反り量の符号を「マイナス」と定義した。
ランニングソーを用いて、押出樹脂板から100mm四方の試験片を切り出した。この試験片を100℃±3℃に管理されたオーブン内で5時間加熱した。加熱前後についてそれぞれ、以下のようにRe値を測定した。試験片を23℃±3℃の環境下に10分以上放置した後、株式会社フォトニックラティス製「WPA-100(-L)」を用いて、Re値を測定した。測定箇所は、試験片の中央部とした。加熱前後のRe値の低下率を、以下の式から求めた。
[Re値の低下率(%)]
=([加熱前のRe値]-[加熱後のRe値])/[加熱前のRe値]×100
ランニングソーを用いて、押出樹脂板の幅1000mmを5等分する位置(中央、中央から±225mmの位置、中央から±450mmの位置)でそれぞれ、100mm四方の試験片を切り出した。なお、押出方向と幅方向がランニングソーに対して水平又は垂直となるよう切断を実施した。各試験片について、23℃±3℃の環境下に10分以上放置した後、株式会社フォトニックラティス製「WPA-100(-L)」を用いて、面内のレターデーションの遅軸及び速軸の角度の絶対値を測定した。なお、測定軸に対して試験片の4辺が水平又は垂直となるよう試験片をセットし、押出方向が水平となる軸の角度を0°とした。遅軸及び速軸の角度のそれぞれについて、5点測定の平均値を求めた。遅軸及び速軸の角度が異なる場合には、これらのうち値の小さい方をデータとして採用した。
蛍光灯が設置された室内にて押出樹脂板の両面を目視観察し、次の基準で表面性を評価した。
○(良):押出樹脂板の表面にチャタマークが見られない。
△(可):押出樹脂板の表面にチャタマークが見られるが、目立たない。
×(不可):押出樹脂板の表面にチャタマークが目立って見られる。
最後の冷却ロール(具体的には第3冷却ロール)から剥離する位置における熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)を、赤外線放射温度計を用いて測定した。測定位置は押出樹脂板の幅方向の中心部とした。
第2冷却ロールと第3冷却ロールとの間に挟み込まれているときの熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TX)は、一対のロールに阻まれて赤外線放射温度計を用いた直接の測定が困難である。そこで、第2冷却ロールから第3冷却ロールに渡る直前の熱可塑性樹脂積層体全体の温度と第3冷却ロールに渡った直後の熱可塑性樹脂積層体全体の温度とを、赤外線放射温度計を用いて測定した。測定箇所は押出樹脂板の幅方向の中心部とした。第3冷却ロールに渡る直前の温度と渡った直後の温度の平均値をTXとして求めた。
用いた材料は、以下の通りである。
<メタクリル樹脂(A)>
(A1)ポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)、株式会社クラレ製「パラペット(登録商標) HR」(温度230℃、3.8kg荷重下でのMFR=2.0cm3/10分)。
以下の4種のMMAと8-トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカニルメタクリレート(TCDMA)との共重合体を用意した。なお、TC比率はMMAとTCDMAとの合計量に対するTCDMAの仕込み比率(質量百分率)を示す。
(B1)MMA/TCDMA共重合体
(TC比率20質量%、Tg=120℃、線膨張率=7.30×10-5/K)、
(B2)MMA/TCDMA共重合体
(TC比率35質量%、Tg=130℃、線膨張率=7.10×10-5/K)、
(B3)MMA/TCDMA共重合体
(TC比率45質量%、Tg=137℃、線膨張率=6.97×10-5/K)、
(B4)MMA/TCDMA共重合体
(TC比率60質量%、Tg=150℃、線膨張率=6.77×10-5/K)。
(SMA1)国際公開第2010/013557号に記載の方法に準拠して、SMA樹脂(スチレン-無水マレイン酸-MMA共重合体、スチレン単位/無水マレイン酸単位/MMA単位(質量比)=56/18/26、Mw=150,000、Tg=138℃、線膨張率=6.25×10-5/K)を得た。
メタクリル樹脂(A1)とSMA樹脂(SMA1)とを混合して、以下の3種の樹脂組成物を得た。なお、SMA比率は、メタクリル樹脂(A1)とSMA樹脂(S1)との合計量に対するSMA樹脂(S1)の仕込み比率(質量百分率)を示す。
(MR1)(A1)/(S1)樹脂組成物(SMA比率20質量%、Tg=120℃、線膨張率=7.28×10-5/K)、
(MR2)(A1)/(S1)樹脂組成物(SMA比率50質量%、Tg=130℃、線膨張率=6.87×10-5/K)、
(MR3)(A1)/(S1)樹脂組成物(SMA比率70質量%、Tg=132℃、線膨張率=6.59×10-5/K)。
(PC1)住化スタイロンポリカーボネート株式会社製「SDポリカ(登録商標) PCX」(温度300℃、1.2kg荷重下でのMFR=6.7g/10分、Tg=150℃、線膨張率=6.93×10-5/K)。
図3に示したような製造装置を用いて押出樹脂板を成形した。
65mmφ単軸押出機(東芝機械株式会社製)を用いて溶融したメタクリル樹脂(B1)(MMA/TCDMA共重合体、TC比率20質量%)と、150mmφ単軸押出機(東芝機械株式会社製)を用いて溶融したポリカーボネート(PC1)とを、マルチマニホールド型ダイスを介して積層し、Tダイから溶融状態の熱可塑性樹脂積層体を共押出した。
次いで、溶融状態の熱可塑性樹脂積層体を、互いに隣接する第1冷却ロールと第2冷却ロールとの間に挟み込み、第2冷却ロールに巻き掛け、第2冷却ロールと第3冷却ロールとの間に挟み込み、第3冷却ロールに巻き掛けることにより冷却した。冷却後に得られた押出樹脂板を一対の引取りロールによって引き取った。なお、第3冷却ロールにポリカーボネート含有層が接するようにした。
第2冷却ロールと第3冷却ロールとの間に挟み込まれているときの熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TX)は、第2冷却ロール及び第3冷却ロールの温度を制御することで165℃に調整した。第3冷却ロールから熱可塑性樹脂積層体が剥離する位置における、熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)は、第2冷却ロール及び第3冷却ロールの温度を制御することで150℃に調整した。第2冷却ロールと引取りロールとの周速度比(V4/V2)を0.995に、第2冷却ロールと第3冷却ロールとの周速度比(V3/V2)を1.005に調整した。
以上のようにして、メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層1)-ポリカーボネート含有層(表層2)の積層構造を有する2層構造の押出樹脂板を得た。押出樹脂板は、メタクリル樹脂含有層の厚みを0.075mm、ポリカーボネート含有層の厚みを0.925mmとし、全体厚みを1mmとした。主な製造条件及び得られた押出樹脂板の評価結果を表1-1、表2に示す。なお、以降の実施例及び比較例において、表に記載のない製造条件は共通条件とした。
メタクリル樹脂含有層の組成と製造条件を表1-1、表1-2に示すように変更する以外は実施例1と同様にして、メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層1)-ポリカーボネート含有層(表層2)の積層構造を有する2層構造の押出樹脂板を得た。各例において得られた押出樹脂板の評価結果を表2に示す。
図3に示したような製造装置を用いて押出樹脂板を成形した。65mmφ単軸押出機を用いて溶融したメタクリル樹脂と、150mmφ単軸押出機を用いて溶融したポリカーボネートと、65mmφ単軸押出機を用いて溶融したメタクリル樹脂とをマルチマニホールド型ダイスを介して積層し、Tダイから溶融状態の3層構造の熱可塑性樹脂積層体を共押出し、第1~第3冷却ロールを用いて冷却し、冷却後に得られた押出樹脂板を一対の引取りロールによって引き取った。
以上のようにして、メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層1)-ポリカーボネート含有層(内層)-メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層2)の積層構造を有する3層構造の押出樹脂板を得た。2つのメタクリル樹脂含有層の組成は同一とした。押出樹脂板は、2つのメタクリル樹脂含有層の厚みをいずれも0.075mm、ポリカーボネート含有層の厚みを0.850mmとし、全体厚みを1mmとした。主な製造条件及び各例において得られた押出樹脂板の評価結果を表1-2、表2に示す。
比較例1~3、5~8の各例においては、メタクリル樹脂含有層の組成と製造条件を表3に示すように変更する以外は実施例1と同様にして、メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層1)-ポリカーボネート含有層(表層2)の積層構造を有する2層構造の押出樹脂板を得た。
比較例4においては、メタクリル樹脂含有層の組成と製造条件を表3に示すように変更する以外は実施例14、15と同様にして、メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層1)-ポリカーボネート含有層(内層)-メタクリル樹脂含有層(表層2)の積層構造を有する3層構造の押出樹脂板を得た。
各例において得られた押出樹脂板の評価結果を表4に示す。
実施例1~15では、第2冷却ロールと第3冷却ロールとの間に挟み込まれているときの熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TX)を、ポリカーボネート含有層のガラス転移温度(Tg(PC))に対し+10℃以上とし、最後の冷却ロールから剥離する位置における熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)をTg(PC)に対し-2℃~+19℃の範囲とし、周速度比(V4/V2)を0.98以上1.0未満とした。これら実施例ではいずれも、熱変化による反りの発生が少なく、Re値及び面内のレターデーションの軸方向が好適な範囲内であり、表面性が良好な押出樹脂板を製造することができた。
12 第1冷却ロール(第1番目の冷却ロール)
13 第2冷却ロール(第2番目の冷却ロール)
14 第3冷却ロール(第3番目の冷却ロール)
15 引取りロール
16 押出樹脂板
Claims (13)
- ポリカーボネートを含有する層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂を含有する層が積層された押出樹脂板の製造方法であって、
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の少なくとも片面に前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層が積層された熱可塑性樹脂積層体を溶融状態でTダイから共押出し、
互いに隣接する3つ以上の冷却ロールを用い、前記溶融状態の熱可塑性樹脂積層体を、第n番目(但し、n≧1)の冷却ロールと第n+1番目の冷却ロールとの間に挟み込み、第n+1番目の冷却ロールに巻き掛ける操作をn=1から複数回繰り返すことにより冷却し、
冷却後に得られた前記押出樹脂板を引取りロールによって引き取る工程(X)を含み、
第2番目の前記冷却ロールと第3番目の前記冷却ロールとの間に挟み込まれているときの前記熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TX)を、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層のガラス転移温度に対し+10℃以上とし、
最後の前記冷却ロールから剥離する位置における前記熱可塑性樹脂積層体の全体温度(TT)を、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層のガラス転移温度に対し-2℃~+19℃の範囲とし、
前記引取りロールの周速度(V4)と第2番目の前記冷却ロールの周速度(V2)との周速度比(V4/V2)を0.98以上1.0未満とする、押出樹脂板の製造方法。 - 前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層のガラス転移温度が110℃以上であり、
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)と前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層の線膨張率(S2)との差(S2-S1)と、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)との比((S2-S1)/S1)が-10%~+10%である、請求項1に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。 - 前記メタクリル樹脂が、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位40~80質量%及びメタクリル酸脂環式炭化水素エステルに由来する構造単位60~20質量%を含有する、請求項1または2に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
- 前記メタクリル酸脂環式炭化水素エステルがメタクリル酸多環脂肪族炭化水素エステルである、請求項3に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層が、メタクリル樹脂5~80質量%と、芳香族ビニル化合物に由来する構造単位及び無水マレイン酸に由来する構造単位を含む共重合体95~20質量%とを含有する、請求項1または2に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
- 前記共重合体が、前記芳香族ビニル化合物に由来する構造単位50~84質量%、無水マレイン酸に由来する構造単位15~49質量%、及びメタクリル酸エステルに由来する構造単位1~35質量%を含有する、請求項5に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
- 前記メタクリル酸エステルがメタクリル酸メチルである、請求項6に記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。
- 工程(X)後にさらに、前記押出樹脂板を65~110℃の温度で1~30時間加熱する工程(Y)を含み、
加熱前の前記押出樹脂板は、押出方向に平行な軸を0°としたときの面内のレターデーションの遅軸または速軸の角度の絶対値が5~45°であり、
加熱前後の双方において、前記押出樹脂板は、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記押出樹脂板の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の押出樹脂板の製造方法。 - ポリカーボネートを含有する層の少なくとも片面にメタクリル樹脂を含有する層が積層された押出樹脂板であって、
押出方向に平行な軸を0°としたときの面内のレターデーションの遅軸または速軸の角度の絶対値が5~45°であり、
前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層のガラス転移温度が110℃以上であり、
75~100℃の範囲内の一定温度で5時間加熱したときに、加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満であり、
前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)と前記メタクリル樹脂を含有する層の線膨張率(S2)との差(S2-S1)と、前記ポリカーボネートを含有する層の線膨張率(S1)との比((S2-S1)/S1)が-10%~+10%である、押出樹脂板。 - 前記押出樹脂板を75℃または100℃の温度で5時間加熱したときに、加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が50~330nmであり、
加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が30%未満である、請求項9に記載の押出樹脂板。 - 加熱前後の双方において、少なくとも幅方向の一部の面内のレターデーション値が80~250nmである、請求項9または10に記載の押出樹脂板。
- 加熱前に対する加熱後の前記レターデーション値の低下率が15%未満である、請求項9~11のいずれかに記載の押出樹脂板。
- 少なくとも一方の表面にさらに耐擦傷性層を備える、請求項9~12のいずれかに記載の押出樹脂板。
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- 2018-04-26 CN CN201880027089.7A patent/CN110582390A/zh active Pending
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WO2019159890A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-22 | 株式会社クラレ | 積層シートとその製造方法、及び保護カバー付きディスプレイ |
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CN113302055A (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-08-24 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 挤出树脂层叠体和带有固化覆膜的挤出树脂层叠体 |
JPWO2020149254A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-11-25 | 株式会社クラレ | 押出樹脂積層体及び硬化被膜付き押出樹脂積層体 |
EP3912812A4 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2022-09-28 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Laminated body of resin extruded body and laminated resin extruded body bonded to hardened layer |
JP7449873B2 (ja) | 2019-01-18 | 2024-03-14 | 株式会社クラレ | 押出樹脂積層体及び硬化被膜付き押出樹脂積層体 |
EP4075187A4 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2024-01-10 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | LIQUID CRYSTAL SCREEN PROTECTOR |
JP7538145B2 (ja) | 2019-12-11 | 2024-08-21 | 株式会社クラレ | 液晶ディスプレイ保護板 |
WO2023054533A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 株式会社クラレ | 押出樹脂積層フィルムとその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN110582390A (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
JP6997771B2 (ja) | 2022-02-04 |
EP3616878A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
KR20190138811A (ko) | 2019-12-16 |
EP3616878A4 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
JPWO2018199213A1 (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
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