WO2018151056A1 - ペリクル、露光原版、露光装置、及び半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
ペリクル、露光原版、露光装置、及び半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018151056A1 WO2018151056A1 PCT/JP2018/004726 JP2018004726W WO2018151056A1 WO 2018151056 A1 WO2018151056 A1 WO 2018151056A1 JP 2018004726 W JP2018004726 W JP 2018004726W WO 2018151056 A1 WO2018151056 A1 WO 2018151056A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pellicle
- exposure
- original plate
- layer
- adhesive
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/62—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/64—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof characterised by the frames, e.g. structure or material, including bonding means therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/22—Masks or mask blanks for imaging by radiation of 100nm or shorter wavelength, e.g. X-ray masks, extreme ultraviolet [EUV] masks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/24—Reflection masks; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/62—Pellicles, e.g. pellicle assemblies, e.g. having membrane on support frame; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/66—Containers specially adapted for masks, mask blanks or pellicles; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2002—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image
- G03F7/2004—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image characterised by the use of a particular light source, e.g. fluorescent lamps or deep UV light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70008—Production of exposure light, i.e. light sources
- G03F7/70033—Production of exposure light, i.e. light sources by plasma extreme ultraviolet [EUV] sources
Definitions
- the present invention prevents photomasks or reticles (hereinafter collectively referred to as “photomasks” or “masks”) and dust used when manufacturing semiconductor devices and the like by lithography technology from adhering.
- the present invention relates to a pellicle that is a dust-proof cover for a photomask.
- the present invention relates to a pellicle for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) optical lithography, a method for manufacturing the pellicle, an exposure original plate using the same, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- EUV extreme ultraviolet
- the semiconductor element is manufactured through a process called lithography.
- lithography an exposure apparatus called a scanner or a stepper is used to irradiate a mask on which a circuit pattern is drawn with exposure light, and transfer the circuit pattern onto a semiconductor wafer coated with a photoresist.
- a scanner or a stepper is used to irradiate a mask on which a circuit pattern is drawn with exposure light, and transfer the circuit pattern onto a semiconductor wafer coated with a photoresist.
- the shadow of the foreign matter is transferred to the semiconductor wafer, and the circuit pattern is not accurately transferred.
- the semiconductor element may not operate normally and become a defective product.
- the pellicle film used for the pellicle is required to have a characteristic of transmitting exposure light with high transmittance. This is because if the light transmittance of the pellicle film is low, the intensity of the exposure light from the mask on which the circuit pattern is formed decreases, and the photoresist formed on the semiconductor wafer is not sufficiently exposed.
- EUV light refers to light having a wavelength in the soft X-ray region or vacuum ultraviolet region, and refers to light having a wavelength of about 13.5 nm ⁇ 0.3 nm.
- the resolution limit of a pattern is about 1/2 of the exposure wavelength, and it is said to be about 1/4 of the exposure wavelength even when the immersion method is used.
- the immersion of ArF laser (wavelength: 193 nm) Even if the method is used, the exposure wavelength is expected to be about 45 nm. Therefore, EUV lithography is expected as an innovative technology that can be greatly miniaturized from conventional lithography.
- a holding spring provided in common to the mask and the pellicle is used, and a pressing spring attached to the pellicle and a pin called a stud installed on the mask are used.
- a method of (mechanically) fixing has been studied (Patent Document 1). Further, in a pellicle that is not for EUV exposure, for example, a pellicle for ArF, an adhesive is used to connect the pellicle to the mask.
- an object is to provide a manufacturing method of an EUV pellicle, an exposure original plate, an exposure apparatus, and a semiconductor device with less outgassing while using an adhesive.
- a pellicle film, a support frame that supports the pellicle film, and an end portion of the support frame that is opposite to the end portion on which the pellicle film is suspended are provided.
- a mass absorption coefficient of the inorganic material layer (mu m) is, the pellicle is provided, which is a range of 5 ⁇ 10 3 cm 2 / g ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10 5 cm 2 / g.
- the support frame may include a first frame body connected to the pellicle film and a second frame body connected to the first frame body.
- the first frame body and the second frame body are connected by a second adhesive layer, and among the side surfaces in the direction intersecting the pellicle film surface of the second adhesive layer Any one of them may have a second inorganic layer.
- the transmittance of EUV light having a wavelength of 13.5 nm may be 10% or less.
- the inorganic layer may have a thickness of 50 nm or more.
- the inorganic layer may be a metal layer.
- the metal layer is any one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, chromium, iron, nickel, copper, ruthenium, tantalum, and gold, and two types selected from this group. It may be an alloy containing the above elements, or an oxide containing any one or two or more elements selected from this group.
- a protective layer may be provided on the end surface opposite to the pellicle film of the first adhesive layer.
- an exposure original plate including an original plate and a pellicle mounted on the surface having the pattern of the original plate may be provided.
- an exposure apparatus having the exposure original plate may be provided.
- the light source includes: a light source that emits exposure light; the exposure original plate; and an optical system that guides the exposure light emitted from the light source to the exposure original plate.
- An exposure apparatus may be provided in which the exposure light emitted from is transmitted through the pellicle film and applied to the original.
- the exposure light may be EUV light.
- the exposure light emitted from the light source is transmitted through the pellicle film of the exposure original plate, irradiated to the original plate, reflected by the original plate, and the exposure light reflected by the original plate is used as the pellicle
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided in which the sensitive substrate is exposed in a pattern by passing through the film and irradiating the sensitive substrate.
- the exposure light may be EUV light.
- an EUV pellicle, an exposure original plate, an exposure apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device with less outgassing while using an adhesive are provided. Further, according to each embodiment, outgas generated from the adhesive is suppressed in a vacuum state where no EUV light is irradiated, and contamination in a region irradiated with EUV light in a space formed by the mask and the pellicle Can be provided, and a pellicle with improved resistance to the EUV light irradiation of the adhesive can be provided. Furthermore, it is possible to provide an exposure original plate, an exposure apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device that can perform pattern exposure with reduced resolution defects due to foreign matter using this pellicle.
- FIGS. 1A to 14 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 14.
- the present invention can be implemented in many different modes and should not be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments exemplified below.
- the drawings may be schematically represented with respect to the width, thickness, shape, and the like of each part in comparison with actual aspects for the sake of clarity of explanation, but are merely examples, and the interpretation of the present invention is not limited. It is not limited.
- elements similar to those described above with reference to the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description may be omitted as appropriate.
- EUV light refers to light having a wavelength of 5 nm to 30 nm.
- the wavelength of the EUV light is preferably 5 nm or more and 14 nm or less.
- the pellicle film means a thin film used for the pellicle.
- the pellicle means a pellicle film and a support frame that is provided on one surface of the pellicle film and supports the pellicle film.
- the support frame includes at least a first frame body connected to the pellicle film.
- the support frame may further include a second frame body connected to the first frame body.
- back etching the process of removing a part of the substrate while leaving the pellicle film.
- back etching a process of etching from the back surface (the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the pellicle film is formed) is shown.
- the first adhesive layer is “an adhesive layer for placing a pellicle on a mask”.
- the “adhesive layer for placing the pellicle on the mask” is an adhesive layer provided at the end opposite to the end where the pellicle film of the support frame of the pellicle is suspended. , Used when connecting the mask and the pellicle.
- the first adhesive layer of the pellicle has two side surfaces and an end surface, which are a first side surface, a second side surface, and a first end surface, respectively.
- the “surface” is not limited to a flat surface but includes a curved surface.
- the first side surface, the second side surface, and the first end surface are not limited to flat surfaces, but also include curved surfaces.
- the first side surface of the first adhesive layer is a side surface in a direction intersecting the pellicle film surface in the first adhesive layer, and is a side surface on which the pellicle is suspended.
- the second side surface of the first adhesive layer is the side surface in the direction intersecting the pellicle film surface in the first adhesive layer, and is opposite to the side surface on the side where the pellicle is suspended. It is the side of the side.
- the first end surface of the first adhesive layer is a surface substantially parallel to the pellicle film surface in the first adhesive layer, and is a surface opposite to the surface on which the pellicle is formed. is there.
- the second adhesive layer means a layer connecting the first frame and the second frame.
- adhesive used for the adhesive layer includes not only an adhesive but also a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the adhesive layer is damaged and outgas is generated. Once the EUV light hits, the amount of outgas generated decreases even if the EUV light hits for the second time and thereafter. However, the damaged portion of the adhesive layer loses flexibility and becomes brittle, which may cause foreign matter.
- the pellicle 100 that can be used in the present invention is a pellicle for EUV photolithography.
- a pellicle film for EUV photolithography there is no particular limitation on the pellicle film for EUV photolithography used.
- a pellicle is formed on a substrate (eg, silicon wafer, sapphire, silicon carbide, etc.) by a method such as CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) (eg, LP-CVD film formation, PE-CVD film formation) or sputtering film formation.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- a film 101 (SiN, a carbon-based film (for example, a graphene film, a carbon nanotube film formed by a spin coating method, a carbon nanosheet, or the like), polysilicon, or a stacked structure in which a plurality of these layers are stacked) is formed. Thereafter, the pellicle film 101 is manufactured by etching (back etching) the substrate from the substrate side so that the pellicle film is exposed.
- the support frame 103 is a frame that is provided on one surface of the pellicle film 101 and supports the pellicle film 101.
- the pellicle film 101 and the support frame 103 may be fixed by preparing another support frame instead of using the support frame 103 as the frame portion left by etching while leaving the substrate in a frame shape.
- the method for fixing the pellicle film 101 to the support frame 103 is not particularly limited, and the pellicle film 101 may be directly attached to the support frame 103 or may be passed through a film adhesive layer on one end face of the support frame 103.
- the pellicle film 101 and the support frame 103 may be fixed using a mechanical fixing method or an attractive force such as a magnet.
- the frame portion left by etching while leaving the substrate in a frame shape is used as the first frame body 104 connected to the pellicle film 101, and the second frame body 107 such as aluminum is provided on the first frame body 104.
- the support frame 103 is preferably formed by etching so that the substrate remains as the first frame body 104.
- the support frame 103 preferably includes the second frame 107 from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the support frame 103.
- the support frame 103 has a first frame body 104 formed by etching while leaving the substrate in a frame shape from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the support frame 103 while preventing foreign matter from adhering to the pellicle film 101.
- the second frame body 107 is preferably included.
- the material of the first frame 104 is not particularly limited, but silicon, sapphire, or silicon carbide is preferable, and silicon is more preferable.
- the material of the second frame 107 is not particularly limited, but aluminum or an aluminum alloy (5000 series, 6000 series, 7000 series, etc.) is preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both light weight and strength.
- a means of providing the first adhesive layer 109 (FIG. 1A) is used as a connection method when the pellicle 100 manufactured in this way is connected to a photomask.
- the method of reducing the outgas generation amount during use by irradiating one side of the adhesive with EUV light and generating gas in advance before using the pellicle is from the viewpoint of reducing dust. Not appropriate. Also, means for reducing outgas by prebaking or the like is not suitable from the viewpoint of reducing dust.
- the first adhesive layer 109 (FIG. 1A), that is, the first side surface 121 (shown in FIG. 1A) of the first adhesive layer 109 for placing the pellicle 100 on the mask (not shown). .) Is coated with a material (metal, ceramic, etc.) having a low transmittance of EUV light.
- the “adhesive layer for placing the pellicle on the mask” is an adhesive layer provided at the end opposite to the end where the pellicle film of the support frame of the pellicle is suspended. The adhesive layer is used when connecting the mask and the pellicle.
- the first side surface 121 is the first side surface of the first adhesive layer defined above.
- the first side surface 121 can also be referred to as a portion surrounded by the mask and the pellicle, and is one side surface of the first adhesive layer and is surrounded by the mask and the pellicle when connected to the mask. It can also be called the side surface forming the closed space.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 109 that is, the length of the first adhesive layer 109 in the direction orthogonal to the film surface of the pellicle film 101 is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 109 is 10 ⁇ m or more, the adhesiveness between the support frame 103 and the mask that contacts the first end surface 136 is excellent.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 109 is 1 mm or less, the gas barrier property is improved.
- FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 2 are drawings in the case where the second frame 107 and the second adhesive layer 105 shown in FIG. 3A are not provided.
- 3A, FIG. 3B, FIG. 4A, and FIG. 4B are drawings in the case where the second frame body 107 and the second adhesive layer 105 are provided.
- the portions of the first adhesive layer 109 that can be coated are the first side surface 121 (FIGS. 1A and 3A), the second side surface 131 (FIGS. 1A and 3A), and the first end surface defined above. It is 136 (FIG. 1A and FIG. 3A), It is the 1st side surface 121 that a coating is essential.
- the state where the first side surface 121 is coated with the inorganic layer 111 is schematically shown in FIGS. 1B and 3B.
- the second side surface 131 of the first adhesive layer 109 may also be coated with the inorganic layer 113 (FIGS. 2 and 4A).
- the second side surface 131 of the first adhesive layer 109 is not exposed to EUV light scattered on the mask surface. Thus, a coating is not essential. However, in order to prevent outgas generated from the second side surface 131 of the first adhesive layer 109 from causing contamination in a region other than the closed region surrounded by the mask and the pellicle 100, the outgas is further reduced. More preferably, the second side 131 is also coated to prevent the portion from entering the closed region of the mask and pellicle 100 and causing contamination on the mask surface.
- the first end surface 136 (shown in FIGS. 1A and 3A) of the first adhesive layer 109 may be partially coated as long as the adhesive force can be maintained.
- the first end surface 136 of the first adhesive layer 109 is not exposed to EUV light.
- a coating is not essential. However, in order to prevent contamination in areas other than the closed region surrounded by the mask and the pellicle 100 due to outgas from the adhesive, it is more preferable that the coating is performed.
- coating may be performed on an adhesive layer different from the above.
- the side surface 141 and / or the side surface 143 (FIG. 3A) of the second adhesive layer 105 defined above may be coated with the inorganic layer 115 and the inorganic layer 117 (FIG. 5A shows the side surface 141 and the side surface 143. Are illustrated as being coated with the inorganic layer 115 and the inorganic layer 117, respectively).
- it may be coated together with the second frame 107 by the inorganic layer 111 (FIG. 4B).
- the side surface of the first adhesive layer 109 and the side surface of the second adhesive layer 105 may be coated together with the second frame 107 by the inorganic layer 111 and the inorganic layer 113 (FIG.
- the second adhesive layer 105 is an adhesive layer that bonds the first frame body 104 connected to the pellicle film 101 and the second frame body 107 (such as aluminum). More preferably, the side and / or the outer side surrounded by the mask and the pellicle 100 are coated with an inorganic layer. In order to prevent EUV light from hitting the second adhesive layer 105, it is preferable that the second frame body 107 is also provided with the inorganic layer 111 and the inorganic layer 113.
- the second adhesive layer 105 can be made thinner than the first adhesive layer 109, and the first adhesive layer 109 is at a height away from the mask surface and is shaded by the second frame 107. Therefore, since the EUV light scattered on the mask surface is not exposed, the coating is not essential, that is, it is not essential to provide an inorganic layer.
- the inorganic layer has EUV resistance and satisfies the condition that the transmittance of EUV light is 10% or less. Those that satisfy these conditions have less outgassing. Furthermore, it is more preferable if there is resistance to hydrogen radicals.
- the thickness of the inorganic layer is preferably about 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
- the EUV light transmittance of 10% or less means that when a predetermined inorganic layer has a thickness of 400 nm, the EUV light having a wavelength of 13.5 nm is irradiated and the EUV light transmittance is 10%. Means less than a percent.
- the material of the inorganic layer examples include materials having low EUV transmittance (metal, ceramic, etc.).
- a force in the direction of installation is applied to the adhesive layer, and in the exposure apparatus, a force (shear) in the direction crossing the installation direction is applied to the adhesive layer.
- the inorganic layer is preferably a metal.
- the method of coating the inorganic layer on the adhesive layer includes vapor deposition and sputtering, but is not limited thereto. Any method can be used as long as it can be formed on the adhesive surface.
- the mass absorption coefficient (mu m) is preferably in the range of 5 ⁇ 10 3 cm 2 / g ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10 5 cm 2 / g. The technical meaning of such numerical values will be described later.
- Metals that can be used as the inorganic layer include Al (aluminum), Ti (titanium), V (vanadium), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Fe (iron), Co (cobalt), and Ni (nickel).
- the inorganic layer may be an alloy using two or more elements selected from these, or may be an oxide.
- metals that can be used as the inorganic layer include Al (aluminum), Ti (titanium), Cr (chromium), Fe (iron), Ni (nickel), Cu (copper), Ru (ruthenium), Any one kind of metal selected from the group of Ta (tantalum) and Au (gold) is more preferable.
- the inorganic layer is composed of Al (aluminum), Ti (titanium), Cr (chromium), Fe (iron), Ni (nickel), Cu (copper), Ru (ruthenium), Ta (tantalum), and Au (gold).
- An alloy using two or more elements selected from the group may be used, or an oxide may be used.
- the transmittance T of light transmitted through the inorganic layer can be calculated as follows based on the thickness d of the inorganic layer, the density ⁇ , and the absorption coefficient ⁇ of the inorganic layer.
- the transmittance T is defined by the following equation (1).
- I transmitted light intensity
- I 0 incident light intensity
- N is the number of atoms in the unit volume
- r 0 2.82 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 13 [cm] (classical electron radius)
- ⁇ is the wavelength
- f 2 is the atomic scattering factor at wavelength ⁇ .
- N A is Avogadro's number, and A is the atomic weight of the elements constituting the inorganic layer.
- the mass absorption coefficient mu m is independent of the coupling state of each other atoms.
- the photon energy at a wavelength of 13.5 nm is around 92.5 eV, and is sufficiently away from the absorption edge of atoms. Therefore, the mass absorption coefficient mu m is not dependent on the bonding state of atoms between the compound constituting the inorganic layer.
- the mass absorption coefficient ⁇ m constituting the inorganic layer is obtained from the mass absorption coefficient ⁇ mi of each element (1, 2,..., I) constituting the inorganic layer and the mass fraction W i of each element. It is obtained by the following formula (5).
- ⁇ m ⁇ m1 W 1 + ⁇ m2 W 2 + ... ⁇ mi W i ⁇ (5)
- a i is the atomic weight of each element i
- n i is the number of each element i.
- the wavelength of the inorganic layer of 13.5 nm can be determined based on the equations (1) and (2).
- the light transmittance can be calculated.
- the transmittance can also be calculated from the optical constant website of the X-ray Optical Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
- Adhesive in the present specification refers to an adhesive in a broad sense, and the concept of “adhesive” includes an adhesive.
- Adhesives include acrylic resin adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, polyimide resin adhesives, silicone resin adhesives, inorganic adhesives, double-sided adhesive tapes, silicone resin adhesives, acrylic adhesives, polyolefin adhesives, etc. Is mentioned. The type is not particularly limited.
- An intermediate layer may be provided between the adhesive and the inorganic layer for the purpose of preventing cracks in the inorganic layer. Since the inorganic layer is laminated on the intermediate layer, there are no limitations on the physical properties relating to EUV transmittance and outgas. For example, parylene, polyimide, ceramic, metal, and the like can be given, and it may be formed by a method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, or CVD.
- the protective layer 120 may be provided on the surface (first end surface 136) opposite to the surface on which the pellicle film 101 of the first adhesive layer 109 is formed (FIG. 6).
- the protective layer 120 can be applied to all the above-described embodiments, and a known layer such as a release liner (also called a release film or a separator) can be used without any particular limitation.
- a release liner also called a release film or a separator
- the pellicle 100 has a ventilation mechanism for moving the gas inside and outside the pellicle and eliminating the differential pressure inside and outside the pellicle during the decompression or venting process. Further, it may have a foreign matter capturing function for suppressing foreign matter from entering from the outside of the pellicle and adhering to the mask surface during decompression or venting.
- a through hole may be formed in the support frame 103 (which may be the first frame 104 or the second frame 107), and a filter having foreign matter capturing performance may be attached.
- Test example 1 Hydrogenated styrene hot melt adhesive (used in pellicle for ArF laser exposure) on the upper surface of aluminum frame with outer dimensions 151mm ⁇ 118.5mm, inner dimensions 147mm ⁇ 114.5mm, height 1.6mm ⁇ 2.0mm The adhesive was applied with a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m and a width of 1.5 to 2.0 mm. A masking film was pasted with a width of about 0.5 mm from the central portion of the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the aluminum frame of the adhesive. The exposed portion of the adhesive was coated with nickel to a thickness of about 100 nm by magnetron sputtering.
- the masking film was peeled off to expose a part of the adhesive portion, which was attached to a stainless steel substrate to obtain an evaluation sample.
- the obtained sample was inserted into a high vacuum chamber (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 Pa), and mass spectrometry of outgas generated from the sample was performed using a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS).
- QMS quadrupole mass spectrometer
- the measurement range of mass spectrometry was a mass to charge ratio m / z of 1 to 200.
- the peak intensity derived from hydrocarbon chains in the m / z range of 45 to 200 which is considered to be a cause of contamination, is the peak intensity of only the aluminum frame to which no adhesive is applied and the empty intensity where no sample is inserted. It was the same as the peak intensity in the state.
- the total peak intensity in the range of m / z from 45 to 200 was about 1000.
- Comparative Test Example 1 A sample similar to Test Example 1 was prepared except that the nickel coating step was not performed, and mass spectrometry of outgas was performed (Comparative Test Example 1).
- Comparative Test Example 1 peaks were observed at about 14 cycles in the range where m / z was 45 or more. Since 14 is equal to the mass of CH 2 which is a unit of hydrocarbon chain, these peaks are considered to be derived from the outgas derived from the hydrocarbon chain generated from the adhesive. The total peak intensity in the range of m / z from 45 to 200 was about 8000.
- the comparison between Test Example 1 and Comparative Test Example 1 revealed that the amount of outgas derived from the adhesive can be reduced.
- Test example 2 A hydrogenated styrene hot melt adhesive was applied to a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m on a silicon wafer. The surface of the adhesive opposite to the surface in contact with the silicon wafer was coated with nickel to a thickness of about 100 nm by magnetron sputtering to obtain a sample. The obtained sample was cut into 1.5 cm x 2 cm, and the EUV irradiation device (Newsval (facility name) BL-9, Hyogo Prefectural University) was used to emit light (EUV light) with a wavelength of 13.5 nm to an intensity of about 500 mW. The pressure change in the chamber was observed when irradiated from the direction perpendicular to the nickel coating surface for 15 minutes at / cm 2 . The beam size was about 2 mm ⁇ 4 mm.
- the pressure in the chamber increased by 1.7 ⁇ Pa after irradiation compared to before EUV irradiation.
- This pressure increase value is the same within the error range as the pressure increase value when the EUV light is irradiated without a sample and when the EUV light is irradiated to a silicon wafer to which no adhesive is applied. It was. No particular discoloration or deformation was observed in the EUV irradiated part of the nickel surface after the EUV light irradiation.
- Comparative test example 2 EUV light irradiation was carried out in the same manner as in the above example except that the adhesive was not coated with nickel (Comparative Example 2).
- the pressure in the chamber increased by 24 ⁇ Pa after irradiation as compared with before irradiation with EUV light.
- This pressure increase value is one or more orders of magnitude higher than the pressure increase value when EUV light is irradiated without a sample and when the EUV light is irradiated to a silicon wafer to which no adhesive is applied. Met.
- This pressure increase is considered to be derived from a decomposition product from the adhesive generated by irradiation with EUV light.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a test apparatus 400 used for contamination adhesion evaluation in Test Example 3.
- a hydrogenated styrene-based hot melt adhesive 420 is about 100 ⁇ m thick. And applied in a width of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
- a masking film was pasted on a surface 420B opposite to the surface 420A in contact with the aluminum frame 410 with a width of about 0.5 mm from the center portion.
- An inorganic material layer 430 was provided on the exposed portion of the adhesive 420 by coating nickel with magnetron sputtering to a thickness of about 100 nm. After the nickel coating, the masking film was peeled off to expose a part of the adhesive 420 to obtain an evaluation sample.
- a stainless steel thin plate 450 having both an aluminum frame 410 and a through hole 452 for providing a SiN film (also referred to as a SiN free-standing film) 460 with a thickness of 50 nm and through holes 454 and 456 for ventilation.
- SiN film also referred to as a SiN free-standing film
- the aluminum frame 410 and the outer peripheral size of the thin plate 450 are the same.
- the SiN film 460 held in the rectangular frame was mechanically bonded to the thin plate 450 using screws and a holding plate.
- An EUV irradiation substrate 470 in which a TaN layer used as an EUV mask absorber is formed on a silicon wafer surface by sputtering as an EUV light irradiation substrate for observing the adhesion state of contamination in a closed space. installed.
- the TaN surface of the EUV irradiation substrate 470 was irradiated with light (EUV light L) having a wavelength of 13.5 nm through the SiN film 460.
- the irradiation intensity was about 110 mW / cm 2 and the irradiation time was 135 minutes.
- the beam size was about 2 mm ⁇ 4 mm.
- the SiN film 460 is a 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm square.
- the size of the frame for the SiN film 460 is a 3 cm ⁇ 3 cm square.
- the carbon component is considered to be generated due to contamination in the apparatus.
- grease is used to move the stage on which the test apparatus 400 is placed. Therefore, it is considered that the component in which the grease volatilized diffused into the pellicle and changed to contamination in the EUV irradiation section.
- EUV light was irradiated onto the EUV irradiation substrate 470 in the same manner as in Test Example 3 except that the sample was mechanically attached to the stainless steel substrate 440 without using the adhesive 420.
- the contamination layer had a thickness of 2.7 ⁇ 1.1 nm and a carbon abundance ratio of 62.1 ⁇ 9.1.
- Comparative test example 3 A sample (Comparative Test Example 3) was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 3 except that the surface of the adhesive 420 was not coated with nickel, and irradiated with EUV light. The irradiation region on the substrate for EUV irradiation after irradiation with EUV light was turned black, and a peak derived from a carbon deposit was observed in the Raman spectrum. For the irradiated region on the EUV irradiation substrate 470 after irradiation with EUV light, a slice of the substrate cross section is created using a focused ion beam, and the thickness of the contamination layer is directly observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). went.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the thickness of the contamination layer in the EUV irradiation region was 17.5 ⁇ 3.5 nm.
- the irradiation area on the substrate for EUV irradiation after EUV irradiation was subjected to XPS wide scan measurement, and the carbon abundance ratio was calculated.
- the carbon abundance ratio was 90.5 ⁇ 0.6%.
- the thickness of the contamination layer and the abundance ratio of carbon in Test Example 3 coincide with those without using the adhesive 420 within an error range.
- Comparative Test Example 3 in which the adhesive was used but the nickel coating was not performed, it can be seen that the contamination layer thickness and the carbon abundance ratio increased, and contamination adhesion could not be suppressed. For this reason, it can be seen from the comparison between Test Example 3 and Comparative Test Example 3 that adhesion of contamination due to irradiation with EUV light can be suppressed.
- Table 1 summarizes the results of Test Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Test Examples 1 to 3 described above. Although the samples used as Test Examples 1 to 3 have some differences because of different measurement methods, all of them are the same as the test examples of the pellicle coated with the inorganic layer. It describes as. For the same reason, Comparative Test Examples 1 to 3 are collectively described as “Comparative Test Examples”.
- the nickel coating has significant differences in three points: suppression of outgas when not irradiated with EUV light, EUV resistance, and contamination adhesion evaluation.
- the adhesive layer can be coated with less outgas and not affected by EUV light.
- Al aluminum
- Cr chromium
- Ni nickel
- Ru ruthenium
- Ta It can be seen that even a metal coating such as tantalum or Au (gold) has a sufficient effect.
- it is considered that resistance to hydrogen radicals generated by irradiation with EUV light can be imparted to the adhesive.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration around the first adhesive layer 109 and the support frame 103 in the pellicle 100.
- the inorganic layer 111 is in contact with at least a part of the first end surface 136 of the first adhesive layer 109 in addition to the first side surface 121.
- the inorganic layer 111 is in contact with the region 136 ⁇ / b> A adjacent to the first side surface 121 of the first end surface 136.
- a region 136B of the first end surface 136 adjacent to the region 136A is in contact with the surface of the mask 200 under the first adhesive layer 109.
- the thickness of the inorganic layer 111 that is, the length in the direction orthogonal to the film surface of the pellicle film 101 is smaller as it approaches the region 136B.
- the support frame 103 may further include a second frame. The aspect in the case of having the second frame is as described above. In FIG. 8, “101” represents the pellicle film, and “131” represents the second side surface.
- FIG. 9 is a view of the pellicle 100 having the configuration of FIG. 8 as viewed from below (that is, a view as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first end face 136).
- the inorganic layer 111 is formed in a rectangular (or square) frame shape.
- the first adhesive layer 109 is formed in a rectangular (or square) frame shape along the outer periphery of the inorganic layer 111.
- the region T inside the inorganic layer 111 is a closed region closed by the mask 200, the inorganic layer 111 (first adhesive layer 109), the support frame 103, and the pellicle film 101.
- the inorganic layer 111 is formed by, for example, coating the inorganic material by, for example, magnetron sputtering while protecting the region 136B of the first adhesive layer 109 with a masking tape. And then a method of peeling the masking tape.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration around the first adhesive layer 109 and the support frame 103 in the pellicle 100.
- the inorganic layer 111 is in contact with at least a part of the first end surface 136 of the first adhesive layer 109 in addition to the first side surface 121.
- the inorganic layer 111 is in contact with the region 136 ⁇ / b> C adjacent to the first side surface 121 of the first end surface 136.
- the inorganic layer 113 is in contact with at least a partial region of the first end surface 136 of the first adhesive layer 109 in addition to the second side surface 131.
- the inorganic layer 113 is in contact with the region 136 ⁇ / b> D adjacent to the second side surface 131 of the first end surface 136.
- a region 136E of the first end surface 136 located between the region 136C and the region 136D and adjacent to the region 136C and the region 136D is in contact with the surface of the mask 200 under the first adhesive layer 109. Yes.
- the thicknesses of the inorganic layer 111 and the inorganic layer 113 that is, the length in the direction perpendicular to the film surface of the pellicle film 101 are smaller as the region 136E is approached.
- the support frame 103 may further include a second frame. The aspect in the case of having the second frame is as described above. In FIG. 10, “101” represents a pellicle film.
- FIG. 11 is a view of the pellicle 100 having the configuration shown in FIG. 10 as viewed from below.
- the support frame 103 and the pellicle film 101 are not shown.
- the inorganic layer 111 and the inorganic layer 113 are formed in a rectangular (or square) frame shape.
- the first adhesive layer 109 is sandwiched between the outer periphery of the inorganic layer 111 and the inner periphery of the inorganic layer 113, and is formed in a rectangular (may be a square) frame shape along the entire periphery.
- the region T inside the inorganic layer 111 is a closed region closed by the mask 200, the inorganic layer 111 (first adhesive layer 109), the support frame 103, the second adhesive layer 105, and the pellicle film 101. is there.
- the region 136E of the first adhesive layer 109 is protected with a masking tape, and the inorganic layer is coated by, for example, magnetron sputtering. And then a method of peeling the masking tape.
- Test Example 3 A specific example in which the inorganic layer 111 is formed by this method is described in Test Example 3.
- the inorganic layer 111 may be interposed in at least a part of the region between the first adhesive layer 109 and the mask 200.
- the shapes of the first adhesive layer 109 and the inorganic layer 111 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 are examples, and various modifications can be made.
- the inorganic layer 111 may be interposed in a part of the region between the first adhesive layer 109 and the support frame 103.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a pellicle having another configuration.
- the inventors coated the entire end surface of the support frame 103 on the side where the first adhesive layer 109 is formed with the inorganic layer 111, and the opposite side of the inorganic layer 111 from the support frame 103.
- the structure in which the concave portion 1112 is formed on the surface and the first adhesive layer 109 is formed by filling the concave portion 1112 with an adhesive was studied.
- the recess 1112 has a semispherical shape. However, in this case, it is difficult to control the amount of adhesive disposed in the recess 1112.
- the adhesive protrudes from the recess 1112 and the meaning of coating the inorganic layer 111 is lost, or the adhesive between the inorganic layer 111 and the mask 200 is insufficient, and dust enters. In some cases, it may adhere to the surface of the mask 200. For this reason, in the configuration of FIG. 12, further suppression of outgas and further suppression of adhesion of dust to the mask 200 may be required.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a pellicle having another configuration.
- the inventors also examined the configuration shown in FIG. In this configuration, the concave portion 1032 is formed on the end surface of the support frame 103 on the side where the first adhesive layer 109 is formed, and the concave portion 1032 is filled with an adhesive to form the first adhesive layer 109.
- the recess 1032 has a semispherical shape. However, in this case, it is difficult to control the amount of the adhesive disposed in the recess 1032.
- the adhesive protrudes from the concave portion 1032, resulting in a state similar to that when the inorganic layer 111 is not coated, or the adhesive between the support frame 103 and the mask 200 is insufficient. It is defective and dust may enter and adhere to the surface of the mask 200. Further, depending on the material of the support frame 103, EUV light cannot be blocked. Therefore, in the configuration of FIG. 13, further suppression of outgas and further suppression of adhesion of dust to the mask 200 may be required.
- the exposure original plate of this embodiment has an original plate and the pellicle of this embodiment mounted on the original plate. Since the exposure original plate of this embodiment includes the pellicle of this embodiment, the same effects as the pellicle of this embodiment can be obtained.
- an original including a support substrate, a reflective layer laminated on the support substrate, and an absorber layer formed on the reflective layer can be used.
- the absorber layer partially absorbs EUV light, whereby a desired image is formed on a sensitive substrate (for example, a semiconductor substrate with a photoresist film).
- the reflective layer can be a multilayer film of molybdenum (Mo) and silicon (Si).
- the absorber layer can be a material having high absorbability such as EUV light, such as chromium (Cr) or tantalum nitride.
- the exposure apparatus of this embodiment includes the exposure original plate of this embodiment. For this reason, there exists an effect similar to the exposure original plate of this embodiment.
- the exposure apparatus of the present embodiment exposes exposure light (preferably EUV light or the like, more preferably EUV light; the same shall apply hereinafter), a light source that emits exposure light, an exposure original plate of the present embodiment, and exposure light emitted from the light source. It is preferable that the exposure original plate is arranged so that the exposure light emitted from the light source passes through the pellicle film and is irradiated to the original plate.
- exposure light preferably EUV light or the like, more preferably EUV light; the same shall apply hereinafter
- a light source that emits exposure light
- an exposure original plate of the present embodiment and exposure light emitted from the light source.
- the exposure original plate is arranged so that the exposure light emitted from the light source passes through the pellicle film and is irradiated to the original plate.
- Pattern exposure with reduced resolution failure can be performed.
- the exposure light emitted from the light source is transmitted through the pellicle film of the exposure original plate according to the present embodiment to be irradiated on the original plate, reflected by the original plate, and reflected by the original plate.
- the sensitive substrate is exposed in a pattern by irradiating the sensitive substrate with the exposed exposure light through the pellicle film.
- a semiconductor device in which the resolution failure due to foreign matter is reduced can be manufactured even when EUV light, which is likely to cause a resolution failure due to foreign matter, is used. .
- FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view of an EUV exposure apparatus 180, which is an example of the exposure apparatus of the present embodiment.
- the EUV exposure apparatus 180 includes a light source 182 that emits EUV light, an exposure original plate 181 that is an example of an exposure original plate according to this embodiment, and an EUV light emitted from the light source 182. And an illumination optical system 183.
- the exposure original plate 181 includes a pellicle 100 including a pellicle film 101 and a support frame, and an original plate 184.
- the exposure original plate 181 is arranged so that EUV light emitted from the light source 182 passes through the pellicle film 101 and is irradiated onto the original plate 184.
- the original plate 184 reflects the irradiated EUV light in a pattern.
- the pellicle film 101 and the pellicle 100 are examples of the pellicle film and the pellicle of the present embodiment, respectively.
- filter windows 185 and 186 are installed between the light source 182 and the illumination optical system 183 and between the illumination optical system 183 and the original 184, respectively.
- the EUV exposure apparatus 180 includes a projection optical system 188 that guides the EUV light reflected by the original 184 to the sensitive substrate 187.
- the EUV light reflected by the original 184 is guided onto the sensitive substrate 187 through the projection optical system 188, and the sensitive substrate 187 is exposed in a pattern. Note that exposure by EUV is performed under reduced pressure conditions.
- the EUV light source 182 emits EUV light toward the illumination optical system 183.
- the EUV light source 182 includes a target material, a pulse laser irradiation unit, and the like. By irradiating the target material with a pulse laser to generate plasma, EUV light can be obtained.
- EUV light having a wavelength of 13 nm to 14 nm can be obtained.
- the wavelength of light emitted from the EUV light source is not limited to 13 nm to 14 nm, and may be light having a wavelength suitable for the purpose within a wavelength range of 5 nm to 30 nm.
- the illumination optical system 183 condenses the light emitted from the EUV light source 182 and irradiates the original 184 with uniform illuminance.
- the illumination optical system 183 includes a plurality of multilayer mirrors 189 for adjusting the optical path of EUV light, an optical coupler (optical integrator), and the like.
- the multilayer film mirror is a multilayer film in which molybdenum (Mo) and silicon (Si) are alternately stacked.
- the method for attaching the filter windows 185 and 186 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of attaching via an adhesive or the like, and a method of mechanically fixing in the EUV exposure apparatus.
- a filter window 185 disposed between the light source 182 and the illumination optical system 183 captures scattered particles (debris) generated from the light source, and the scattered particles (debris) are elements inside the illumination optical system 183 (for example, a multilayer film). Avoid sticking to the mirror 189).
- the filter window 186 disposed between the illumination optical system 183 and the original 184 captures particles (debris) scattered from the light source 182 side and prevents the scattered particles (debris) from adhering to the original 184. .
- the foreign matter adhering to the original plate absorbs or scatters EUV light, which causes poor resolution on the wafer. Therefore, the pellicle 100 is mounted so as to cover the irradiation area of the original 184 with the EUV light. The EUV light passes through the pellicle film 101 and is irradiated on the original 184.
- the EUV light reflected by the original 184 passes through the pellicle film 101 and is irradiated onto the sensitive substrate 187 through the projection optical system 188.
- the projection optical system 188 collects the light reflected by the original 184 and irradiates the sensitive substrate 187.
- the projection optical system 188 includes a plurality of multilayer mirrors 190, 191 and the like for adjusting the optical path of EUV light.
- the sensitive substrate 187 is a substrate on which a resist is coated on a semiconductor wafer, and the resist is cured in a pattern by EUV light reflected by the original 184.
- the resist is developed, and the semiconductor wafer is etched to form a desired pattern on the semiconductor wafer.
- the pellicle 100 is mounted on the original 184 via an original adhesive layer or the like.
- the foreign matter adhering to the original plate absorbs or scatters EUV light, which causes poor resolution on the wafer. Therefore, the pellicle 100 is mounted so as to cover the EUV light irradiation area of the original 184, and the EUV light passes through the pellicle film 101 and is irradiated onto the original 184.
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Abstract
Description
本明細書において、ある部材又は領域が、他の部材又は領域の「上に(又は下に)」あるとする場合、特段の限定がない限り、これは他の部材又は領域の直上(又は直下)にある場合のみでなく、他の部材又は領域の上方(又は下方)にある場合を含み、すなわち、他の部材又は領域の上方(又は下方)において間に別の構成要素が含まれている場合も含む。
EUV露光用のペリクルをマスクに接続する方法としては、マスクとペリクルとに共通に設けられた留め具を介し、ペリクルに取り付けられた押さえバネとマスクに設置されたスタッドと呼ばれるピンとで(機械的に)固定する方法が検討されている。しかし、この方法では、着脱の際の手間を軽減することが求められる場合がある。また、装着及び脱着時の振動等によって発生した粉塵が、マスク表面に異物として付着することを抑制することが求められる場合がある。さらには、マスクとペリクル枠との間に換気のためのギャップが設けられると、ギャップから侵入する異物がマスク表面に付着することを抑制することが求められる場合がある。他方、接着剤によりギャップを塞ぐことでペリクル内部への異物侵入経路を無くす方法として、従来から、ArFレーザを用いる場合のペリクルに使用される接着剤を用いることが考えられている。しかし、発明者らは、EUV光リソグラフィにおいては真空下で露光が行われるため、接着剤からアウトガスが発生しやすいことを見出した。また、接着剤から発生するアウトガスがマスク表面のEUV光を照射する照射部に炭素成分となって堆積し、コンタミネーション(マスクの反射率低下)の原因になること、及びマスク表面で散乱するEUV光が接着剤に当たることで接着剤がダメージを受け、さらにアウトガスが発生すること、を順次見出した。
図1A~図5Bを用いて本発明の一実施形態にかかるペリクルを説明する。前提として、本発明において用いることのできるペリクル100は、EUVフォトリソグラフィ用ペリクルである。本発明との関係では用いるEUVフォトリソグラフィ用ペリクル膜に特段の限定はない。例えば、基板(例えばシリコンウェハ、サファイア、炭化ケイ素等)上に、CVD法(Chemical Vapor Deposition)(例えば、LP-CVD成膜、PE-CVD成膜など)やスパッタ製膜等の方法によって、ペリクル膜101(SiN、炭素系膜(例えば、グラフェン膜、スピンコート法で製膜したカーボンナノチューブの膜、カーボンナノシート等)、ポリシリコン、又はそれら複数の層が積層した積層構造体)を形成する。その後、ペリクル膜が露出するように基板側から基板をエッチング(バックエッチング)することで、ペリクル膜101を製造する。
本発明では、第1の接着層109(図1A)、すなわち、マスク(図示せず)にペリクル100を設置するための第1の接着層109の第1の側面121(図1Aにて示した。)を、EUV光の透過率が低い材料(金属、セラミック等)でコーティングする。ここで「マスクにペリクルを設置するための接着層」とは、ペリクルの支持枠のペリクル膜が吊架された端部と反対側の端部に設けられる接着層のことである。当該接着層は、マスクとペリクルとを接続する際に使用される。第1の側面121は、上記にて定義した第1の接着層の第1の側面である。第1の側面121は、マスクとペリクルとに囲まれた部分とも称することができるし、第1の接着層の一側面であって、マスクに接続された際に、マスクとペリクルに囲まれた閉鎖空間を形成する側の側面、と称することもできる。第1の接着層109の厚み、すなわち、ペリクル膜101の膜面に直交する方向における第1の接着層109の長さは、10μm~1mmであることが望ましい。例えば、第1の接着層109の厚みが10μm以上であることにより、支持枠103と第1の端面136に接触するマスクとの密着性に優れる。第1の接着層109の厚みが1mm以下であることにより、ガスバリア性が良好になる。
第1の接着層109の第2の側面131も無機物層113によってコーティングされていてもよい(図2及び図4A)。第1の接着層109の第2の側面131はマスク表面で散乱したEUV光が当たることはない。したがって、コーティングは必須ではない。しかしながら、第1の接着層109の第2の側面131から発生するアウトガスが、マスクとペリクル100に囲まれた閉鎖領域以外におけるコンタミネーションをもたらすことを防止するために、さらには、そのアウトガスの一部がマスクとペリクル100の閉鎖領域に侵入してマスク表面にコンタミネーションをもたらすことを防止するために、第2の側面131もコーティングされていることがより好ましい。
第1の接着層109の第1の端面136(図1A及び図3Aにて示した)は、接着力が維持できる限りにおいて、一部コーティングされていてもよい。第1の接着層109の第1の端面136はEUV光が当たることはない。したがって、コーティングは必須ではない。しかしながら、接着剤からのアウトガスによる、マスクとペリクル100とに囲まれた閉鎖領域以外におけるコンタミネーションを防止するために、コーティングされていることがより好ましい。
無機物層としては、EUV耐性を有し、EUV光の透過率が10パーセント以下という条件を満たすことが好ましい。これらの条件を満たすものは、アウトガスも少ない。さらに、水素ラジカルへの耐性があるとより好ましい。無機物層の厚さは50nm~1μm程度が好ましい。
I=I0 exp(-μd)・・・ (2)
μ=2N r0 λf2 ・・・(3)
μm= 2 NA r0 λf2 / A ・・・(4)
μm=μm1W1+μm2W2+…μmiWi ・・・(5)
上記のとおり本明細書の「接着剤」は広義の接着剤を指し、「接着剤」の概念には、粘着剤も含まれる。接着剤としては、アクリル樹脂接着剤、エポキシ樹脂接着剤、ポリイミド樹脂接着剤、シリコーン樹脂接着剤、無機系接着剤、両面粘着テープ、シリコーン樹脂粘着剤、アクリル系粘着剤、ポリオレフィン系粘着剤、等が挙げられる。特に種類は問わない。
試験例1
外寸151mm×118.5mm、内寸147mm×114.5mm、高さ1.6mm~2.0mmのアルミニウムフレームの上面に、水添スチレン系ホットメルト接着剤(ArFレーザ露光用ペリクルで使用されている接着剤)を厚さ約100μm、幅1.5~2.0mmで塗布した。接着剤のアルミニウムフレームと接した面とは反対側の表面の中心部分から約0.5mmの幅で、マスキングフィルムを貼り付けた。接着剤の露出した部分に、マグネトロンスパッタリングにて、ニッケルを約100nmの厚さでコーティングした。ニッケルコーティング後にマスキングフィルムを剥離して接着剤部分の一部を露出させ、ステンレス製の基板に貼り付けて評価サンプルを得た。得られたサンプルを高真空チャンバー(1×10-6Pa)内に挿入し、四重極型質量分析計(QMS)を用いてサンプルから発生するアウトガスの質量分析を行った。質量分析の測定範囲は質量電荷比m/zが1から200の範囲とした。
上記ニッケルコーティング工程を行わなかったこと以外は上記試験例1と同様のサンプルを作成し、アウトガスの質量分析を行った(比較試験例1)。比較試験例1においては、m/zが45以上の範囲において、約14周期でピークが観察された。14は炭化水素鎖の単位であるCH2の質量と等しいことから、これらのピークは接着剤から発生する炭化水素鎖由来のアウトガスに由来すると考えられる。m/zが45から200の範囲におけるピーク強度の総和は約8000であった。試験例1と比較試験例1との対比により、接着剤に由来するアウトガス量を低減できることが分かった。
試験例2
シリコンウェハ上に水添スチレン系ホットメルト接着剤を厚さ約100μm塗布した。接着剤のシリコンウェハと接した面とは反対側の表面に、マグネトロンスパッタリングにてニッケルを約100nmの厚さでコーティングしてサンプルを得た。得られたサンプルを1.5cm×2cmにカットし、EUV照射装置(ニュースバル(施設名) BL-9、兵庫県立大)にて、波長13.5nmの光(EUV光)を照度強度約500mW/cm2で15分間、ニッケルコーティング面に対して垂直方向から照射した際のチャンバー内の圧力変化を見た。ビームサイズは約2mm×4mmとした。
接着剤にニッケルコーティングを行わなかったこと以外は上記実施例と同様にしてEUV光の照射を行った(比較例2)。EUV光の照射前と比べて照射後はチャンバー内の圧力が24μPa上昇した。この圧力上昇値は、サンプルを入れずにEUV光を照射したとき、及び、接着剤を塗布していないシリコンウェハに対してEUV光を照射したときの圧力上昇値と比べて1桁以上高い値であった。この圧力上昇は、EUV光の照射によって発生した接着剤からの分解物に由来すると考えられる。EUV光の照射後の接着剤面のEUV照射部分は黒く変色しており、また窪みが観察された。試験例2と比較試験例2との対比により、EUV光の照射による接着剤の劣化(変色)がなく、かつ、アウトガスが発生していないため、接着剤のEUV光の照射耐性が向上していることが分かった。
試験例3
図7は、試験例3のコンタミネーション付着評価に用いた試験装置400の断面図の模式図である。外寸151mm×118.5mm、内寸147mm×114.5mm、高さ1.6mm~2.0mmのアルミニウムフレーム410の一方の面に、水添スチレン系ホットメルト接着剤420を、厚さ約100μm、幅1.5~2.0mmで塗布した。
EUV光の照射後のEUV照射用基板上の照射領域について、集束イオンビームを用いて基板断面の薄片を作成し、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いてコンタミネーション層の厚みの直接観察を行った。EUV光の照射領域におけるコンタミネーション層の厚みは2.9±0.9nmであった。また、EUV光の照射後のEUV照射用基板470上の照射領域について、XPSのワイドスキャン測定を行い、炭素の存在比を算出したところ、炭素の存在比は65.0±5.2%であった。なお、炭素成分は、装置内の汚れに起因して発生したと考えられる。具体的には、試験装置400を置くステージを移動させるためにグリースが使用される。よって、グリースの揮発した成分がペリクル内部まで拡散し、EUV照射部でコンタミネーションに変化したと考えられる。
接着剤420の表面にニッケルコーティングを行わなかったこと以外は上記試験例3と同様にしたサンプル(比較試験例3)を作成し、EUV光の照射を行った。EUV光の照射後の、EUV照射用基板上の照射領域は黒く変色しており、ラマンスペクトルにおいて、炭素堆積物由来のピークが観察された。EUV光の照射後のEUV照射用基板470上の照射領域について、集束イオンビームを用いて基板断面の薄片を作成し、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いてコンタミネーション層の厚みの直接観察を行った。EUV照射領域におけるコンタミネーション層の厚みは17.5±3.5nmであった。EUV照射後のEUV照射用基板上の照射領域について、XPSのワイドスキャン測定を行い、炭素の存在比を算出したところ、炭素の存在比は90.5±0.6%であった。
図8は、ペリクル100における第1の接着層109及び支持枠103の周辺の構成の他の例を示す図である。この例では、無機物層111は、第1の側面121に加え、第1の接着層109の第1の端面136の少なくとも一部の領域と接する。具体的には、無機物層111は、第1の端面136のうちの第1の側面121に隣接する領域136Aに接している。第1の端面136のうちの領域136Aに隣接する領域136Bは、第1の接着層109の下のマスク200の表面と接している。無機物層111の厚み、すなわちペリクル膜101の膜面に直交する方向の長さは、領域136Bに近づくほど小さくなっている。支持枠103は、第2の枠体をさらに有していてもよい。第2の枠体を有する場合の態様は、上述のとおりである。図8中、「101」はペリクル膜を表し、「131」は第2の側面を表す。
本実施形態の露光原版は、原版と、原版に装着された本実施形態のペリクルと、を有する。本実施形態の露光原版は、本実施形態のペリクルを備えるので、本実施形態のペリクルと同様の効果を奏する。
本実施形態の露光装置は、本実施形態の露光原版を備える。このため、本実施形態の露光原版と同様の効果を奏する。
本実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法は、光源から放出された露光光を、本実施形態の露光原版の前記ペリクル膜を透過させて前記原版に照射し、前記原版で反射させ、前記原版によって反射された露光光を、前記ペリクル膜を透過させて感応基板に照射することにより、前記感応基板をパターン状に露光する。
Claims (13)
- ペリクル膜と、
ペリクル膜を支持する支持枠と、
前記支持枠のペリクル膜が吊架された端部と反対側の端部に設けられた第1の接着層と、を有し、
前記第1の接着層において前記ペリクル膜面と交差する方向の側面であって、前記ペリクル膜が吊架される側の側面に、無機物層を有し、
前記無機物層の質量吸収係数(μm)が、5×103cm2/g~2×105 cm2/gの範囲であることを特徴とする
ペリクル。 - 前記支持枠が、前記ペリクル膜に接続される第1の枠体と、前記第1の枠体に接続される第2の枠体と、を有する、請求項1に記載のペリクル。
- 前記第1の枠体と前記第2の枠体とが第2の接着層により接続され、前記第2の接着層のペリクル膜面と交差する方向の側面のうちいずれか一に、第2の無機物層を有する、請求項2に記載のペリクル。
- 前記無機物層は、
厚さ400nmであるときに、波長13.5nmのEUV(Extreme Ultraviolet)光の透過率が、10パーセント以下である、請求項1に記載のペリクル。 - 前記無機物層の厚みが50nm以上である、請求項1に記載のペリクル。
- 前記無機物層が金属層である、請求項1に記載のペリクル。
- 前記金属層は、アルミニウム、チタン、クロム、鉄、ニッケル、銅、ルテニウム、タンタル、及び金の群から選ばれた何れか一種の金属、前記群から選ばれた二種以上の元素を含む合金、又は、前記群から選ばれる何れか一種又は二種以上の元素を含む酸化物である、請求項6に記載のペリクル。
- 前記第1の接着層のペリクル膜が形成されたのと反対側の端面に保護層を有する、請求項1に記載のペリクル。
- 原版と、前記原版のパターンを有する側の面に装着された、請求項1に記載のペリクルと、を含む露光原版。
- 請求項9に記載の露光原版を有する露光装置。
- 露光光を放出する光源と、
請求項9に記載の露光原版と、
前記光源から放出された露光光を前記露光原版に導く光学系と、を有し、
前記露光原版は、前記光源から放出された露光光が前記ペリクル膜を透過して前記原版に照射されるように配置されている、露光装置。 - 前記露光光が、EUV(Extreme Ultraviolet)光である請求項11に記載の露光装置。
- 光源から放出された露光光を、請求項9に記載の露光原版のペリクル膜を透過させて前記原版に照射し、前記原版で反射させ、
前記原版によって反射された露光光を、前記ペリクル膜を透過させて感応基板に照射することにより、前記感応基板をパターン状に露光する、半導体装置の製造方法。
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CN201880012953.6A CN110325908A (zh) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-02-09 | 防护膜组件、曝光原版、曝光装置及半导体装置的制造方法 |
EP18754194.1A EP3584636A4 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-02-09 | PELLICLE, ORIGINAL EXPOSURE PLATE, EXPOSURE DEVICE, AND SEMICONDUCTORIAL COMPONENT MANUFACTURING METHOD |
KR1020197023454A KR102237878B1 (ko) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-02-09 | 펠리클, 노광 원판, 노광 장치 및 반도체 장치의 제조 방법 |
US16/535,183 US11137677B2 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2019-08-08 | Pellicle, exposure original plate, exposure device, and semiconductor device manufacturing method |
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WO2022030499A1 (ja) | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | 三井化学株式会社 | ペリクル、露光原版、露光装置、ペリクルの製造方法及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
WO2023038142A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 三井化学株式会社 | ペリクル、露光原版、露光装置、及びペリクルの製造方法 |
WO2023181869A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-28 | 三井化学株式会社 | ペリクル枠、ペリクル、露光原版、露光装置、及びペリクルの製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3584636A1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
TW201836121A (zh) | 2018-10-01 |
TWI761451B (zh) | 2022-04-21 |
CN110325908A (zh) | 2019-10-11 |
JP6816170B2 (ja) | 2021-01-20 |
EP3584636A4 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
KR20190102273A (ko) | 2019-09-03 |
US11137677B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
US20200064729A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
KR102237878B1 (ko) | 2021-04-07 |
JPWO2018151056A1 (ja) | 2019-12-12 |
SG11201907482YA (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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