WO2014175232A1 - 超音波診断装置 - Google Patents
超音波診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014175232A1 WO2014175232A1 PCT/JP2014/061207 JP2014061207W WO2014175232A1 WO 2014175232 A1 WO2014175232 A1 WO 2014175232A1 JP 2014061207 W JP2014061207 W JP 2014061207W WO 2014175232 A1 WO2014175232 A1 WO 2014175232A1
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- puncture
- angle
- guideline
- image
- diagnostic apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/54—Control of the diagnostic device
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
- A61B8/0833—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
- A61B8/0841—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures for locating instruments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5238—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
- A61B8/5246—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from the same or different imaging techniques, e.g. color Doppler and B-mode
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
- A61B8/4494—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer characterised by the arrangement of the transducer elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/467—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and more particularly to a technique for supporting freehand puncture.
- the puncture technique or puncture technique is to insert a puncture needle into the body through the body surface for drug injection, tissue collection, and the like. Such puncture may be performed for the purpose of tumor ablation or the like.
- ultrasonic diagnosis is used to confirm the positional relationship between the tip of the puncture needle and the target tissue. That is, the puncture needle is inserted while confirming the puncture needle image appearing on the tomographic image.
- the puncture method includes a “mechanical guide method” in which a puncture adapter having a needle groove is attached to a probe and the puncture needle is guided by the puncture adapter, and a puncture needle is manually inserted without using such a device. There is a “freehand method” that holds and punctures freely. In either method, the advancing direction of the puncture needle is determined so that the puncture path belongs within the beam scanning plane.
- the electronic linear scanning includes non-deflection scanning and deflection scanning.
- non-deflection scanning an ultrasonic beam is formed without deflecting the ultrasonic beam, that is, at a beam deflection angle of 0 degrees (in a direction orthogonal to the transmission / reception surface of the transducer), and such a vertical ultrasonic wave is formed.
- the beam is scanned electronically.
- non-deflection scanning a rectangular beam scanning area is formed for each scanning, and a corresponding tomographic image (non-deflection scanning image) is formed.
- the ultrasonic beam is tilted with a desired deflection angle, and the tilted ultrasonic beam is electronically scanned.
- a parallelogram beam scanning surface is usually formed for each scanning, and a tomographic image (deflection scanning image) corresponding thereto is formed.
- a spatial compound method for improving image quality is known.
- the method includes, for example, frame data formed by non-deflection scanning, frame data formed by deflection scanning with a positive deflection angle, and frame data formed by deflection scanning with a negative deflection angle. Are combined to generate combined frame data, and a tomographic image is formed based on the combined frame data.
- a triangular portion protruding from the non-deflection scan frame data is usually cut out from the individual deflection scan frame data, and a tomographic image having the same rectangular shape as the tomographic image at the time of non-deflection scanning is formed.
- the tomographic image is composed of a central sub-area where a non-deflection scanning area and two deflection scanning areas are overlapped, and a right and left sub-area where a non-deflection scanning area and one deflection scanning area are overlapped.
- the spatial compound method may also be applied in convex scanning or the like in which an ultrasonic beam is scanned in a fan shape.
- the appearance of the puncture needle image on the tomographic image varies greatly depending on the angle of intersection between the axial direction of the puncture needle (puncture direction) and the ultrasonic beam.
- the crossing angle becomes a right angle
- the intensity of the echo from the puncture needle becomes the highest, and in such a case, the puncture needle image appears best on the tomographic image. Therefore, when performing puncturing, it is desirable to execute deflection scanning after setting the beam deflection angle so that the beam direction is orthogonal to the puncturing path.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus used when puncturing is performed.
- a puncture adapter is attached to the probe, and the puncture angle is specified from the type of the puncture adapter. Based on the puncture angle, the deflection angle of the ultrasonic beam is set to be orthogonal to the puncture path. That is, the ultrasonic beam in an inclined state is electronically scanned. Thereby, a tomographic image including the tissue image and the puncture needle image is displayed on the screen. The screen also includes a guideline indicating the puncture route.
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose the use of a composite image based on the spatial compound method, and a specific problem that occurs when a puncture needle image is represented on such a composite image and a configuration for solving the problem unacceptable.
- FIG. 5 of Patent Document 2 discloses an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that displays a composite image by combining a non-deflection scan image and a deflection scan image.
- the former is for clearly displaying the tissue
- the latter is for clearly displaying the puncture needle.
- the composite image both the tissue and the puncture needle can be clearly displayed.
- Patent Document 2 there is a specific problem caused by the difference between the shape of the non-deflection scan image (non-deflection scan area) and the shape of the deflection scan image (deflection scan area), and a configuration for dealing with the problem. Is not disclosed.
- the composite image is a rectangular image, which is composed of a superposed sub-area composed of both images and a non-superimposed sub-area composed only of a non-deflection scanned image.
- the puncture needle is usually not clearly displayed. Therefore, prior to puncture, it is desirable to place the target tissue in the polymerization sub-area so that the puncture needle does not reach the non-polymerization sub-area, but the boundary between the polymerization sub-area and the non-polymerization sub-area is synthesized. It is not always clear on the image.
- Patent Document 2 does not describe a configuration for clearly indicating the boundary.
- a puncture adapter is used (a mechanical guidance method is employed), and the puncture angle is determined before puncture.
- a constant puncture route is always formed.
- the puncture angle that is, the deflection angle
- the target tissue will be located in the superposition subarea in most cases. The possibility of the above problems occurring is low.
- the position of the boundary can change for each inspection, and the deflection angle can be recognized on the screen in the first place.
- the puncture guideline is displayed, it is not easy to specify the edge of the overlapping sub-area (the above-mentioned boundary) only by obtaining a guide for the puncture direction. Therefore, it is difficult to recognize on the image whether or not the target tissue (or the arrival point at the tip of the puncture needle) is in the overlapping subarea.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an image synthesis system based on the spatial compound method. The system seems to assume a freehand system. In the system, a plurality of tomographic images having different deflection angles are combined in order to clearly image both the tissue and the puncture needle.
- FIG. 8 shows a graphic showing the trapezoidal subarea in the composite image.
- the trapezoidal sub-area is understood to be an area where the non-deflected scan image and the deflected scan image are overlapped, and the periphery thereof is expressed as a graphic.
- nothing equivalent to the puncture guideline is recognized.
- FIG. 8 it can be said that the establishment of the orthogonal relationship is not conscious in Patent Document 3 because the advancing direction of the puncture needle is not orthogonal to the hypotenuse of the trapezoidal subarea.
- An object of the present invention is to enable an inspector to confirm a reference puncture path that changes according to a beam deflection angle and a boundary of a puncture needle imaging sub-area that changes according to a beam deflection angle before puncturing. There is in doing so.
- an object of the present invention is to enable an examiner to easily confirm that a target tissue is in a puncture needle imaging sub-area prior to puncturing.
- An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a deflection angle determination unit that determines a beam deflection angle corresponding to a planned puncture angle, a first beam scan for tissue imaging, and a first puncture needle imaging that is in accordance with the beam deflection angle.
- a scanning control unit for controlling two-beam scanning, a graphic image forming unit for forming a graphic image having a puncture guide, first frame data obtained by the first beam scanning, and obtained by the second beam scanning
- a combining unit that generates combined frame data by combining the second frame data; and a display processing unit that generates a display image by combining the ultrasonic image based on the combined frame data and the graphic image.
- the puncture guide includes a main guideline representing a reference puncture route determined from the planned puncture angle, and the main guideline Intersects down, the a shorter line than the main guidelines, having a sub guideline representing the edge of the second beam scan area.
- the graphic image is displayed together with the ultrasonic image, and the graphic image includes the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide is for supporting puncture.
- the puncture guide includes a main guideline and a sub-guideline, and the reference puncture route can be visually recognized based on the main guideline.
- the reference puncture path functions as a standard for obtaining a clear puncture needle image. Even if the puncture needle is removed from the reference puncture route, the puncture purpose can be achieved if the actual puncture route is not deviated from the target tissue.
- the reference puncture route is determined so that it exactly passes the puncture target coordinates, it is desirable to perform puncture so that the actual puncture route is as close as possible to the reference puncture route.
- the reference puncture path is determined by the reference point and the planned puncture angle.
- the reference point is, for example, a point in the upper right corner or upper left corner of the ultrasonic image corresponding to one end or the other end of the probe (or one end or the other end of the array transducer). Instead of setting the reference point as a fixed point, the reference point may be variably set according to the actual puncture position.
- the sub-guideline represents the edge of the second beam scanning area. That is, it is possible to easily identify visually a sub-area (an area where the second beam scan is performed, a superposed sub-area) where a clear puncture needle image can be displayed by the sub-guideline. That is, it is desirable to determine the planned puncture angle and to determine the position and posture of the probe so that the target area or puncture target coordinates that the tip of the puncture needle reaches are included in the subarea. According to such a setting, it is possible to always continuously display a puncture needle image (particularly, its tip) clearly during the puncture process. That is, the problem that the tip of the puncture needle is removed from the subarea and the tip of the puncture needle is suddenly no longer imaged or becomes unclear can be solved.
- the beam deflection angle in the second beam scanning is automatically determined according to the predetermined puncture angle, and the puncture guide is automatically generated accordingly.
- the beam deflection angle is determined so that the ultrasonic beam intersects the reference puncture path, desirably intersects at an angle close to orthogonal, and particularly desirably intersects.
- the angle and position of the main guideline and the angle and position of the sub-guideline are determined. If the planned puncture angle is changed, the angle and position of the main guideline and the angle and position of the sub-guideline are changed accordingly.
- the sub-guideline moves backward (in the direction away from the puncture start position) on the main guideline. Slide exercise. At that time, the display mode of the sub-guideline may be changed. For example, the length of the sub-guideline may be increased.
- the scheduled puncture angle and the beam deflection angle are in a correspondence relationship, that is, if one of them is specified, the other is specified, so the latter may be specified instead of the former. Such an aspect can be thought of as an indirect designation of the scheduled puncture angle.
- the non-deflected beam is preferably scanned, but the deflected beam may be scanned.
- scanning of the non-deflecting beam and scanning of the deflecting beam (for example, beam scanning that is symmetrical with the second beam scanning) may be sequentially performed.
- the above configuration is particularly useful for freehand puncture, but the above configuration may be used for other punctures.
- the sub-guideline is orthogonal to the main guideline, and a combination of the main guideline and the sub-guideline forms a cross shape or a T-shape.
- the relationship between the reference puncture path and the deflected beam orthogonal thereto can be visually recognized instantaneously.
- the cross shape is adopted, the main guideline can be displayed over the entire display frame, so that the reference puncture route can be easily recognized.
- the T-shape it is easier to be aware of the edge of the second beam scanning area.
- the coordinates of both ends of the sub-guideline represent a lower limit and an upper limit of a recommended puncture angle range determined based on the reference puncture route.
- the coordinates of both ends of the sub-guideline represent a lower limit and an upper limit of a recommended puncture angle range determined based on the reference puncture route.
- the lower limit and the upper limit of the recommended puncture angle range are determined by adding and subtracting a predetermined angle with respect to the scheduled puncture angle.
- an enhancement processing unit that applies an enhancement process for enhancing the image of the puncture needle to the second frame data, and the synthesis unit outputs the second frame data after the enhancement process to the first frame data.
- Composite to frame data Preferably, the enhancement process includes an edge enhancement process.
- the transmission / reception end portion incorporating an array transducer composed of a plurality of vibration elements for transmitting / receiving ultrasonic waves, and a probe abutted on the surface of the living body, and puncture is performed on one side of the transmission / reception end portion
- a mode selection unit for selecting a display mode from a first display mode suitable for the one-side procedure to be performed and a second display mode suitable for the other-side procedure of performing puncture on the other side of the transmitting and receiving end.
- the first scanning control unit sets a positive angle as the beam deflection angle, and as the puncture guide, the main is inclined from one upper side to the other lower side.
- the first scanning control unit sets a negative angle as the beam deflection angle, and the puncture guide other Conversely inclined piercing guide having a main guidelines inclined from the side top to one side down is displayed. According to this configuration, it is possible to provide a display corresponding to both the one-side procedure and the other-side procedure. Therefore, it is possible to select a procedure according to the dominant arm, the state of the target tissue, and the like.
- the display processing unit inverts the ultrasonic image and the graphic image left and right when an inversion instruction is input.
- the tomographic image displayed on the screen may not match the real space, but the above configuration can eliminate such inconsistency.
- the said ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is an apparatus used when performing puncture by freehand, without using the puncture adapter which mechanically guides a puncture needle.
- An image forming method includes a step of forming an ultrasonic image based on composite frame data, a step of forming a graphic image including a puncture guide, and combining the ultrasonic image and the graphic image.
- Forming the display image, and the synthesized frame data is formed into a puncture needle image according to a first frame data obtained by a first beam scan for tissue imaging and a beam deflection angle corresponding to a planned puncture angle.
- the second frame data obtained by the second beam scanning for use, and the puncture guide is orthogonal to the main guideline and a main guideline representing a reference puncture path determined from the planned puncture angle
- a sub-guideline representing an edge of the second beam scanning area.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the ultrasonic apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of a puncture guide. It is a figure for demonstrating the significance of the sub guideline in a puncture guide. It is a figure which shows the display image immediately after the puncture start. It is a figure which shows the display image showing the puncture needle which reached the target tissue. It is a figure which shows the state from which the target tissue has remove
- route is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the ultrasonic apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of a puncture guide. It is a figure for demonstrating the significance of the sub guideline in a puncture guide. It is
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration thereof.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus that is provided in a medical institution such as a hospital and forms an ultrasonic image representing the inside of a living body by transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves to and from the living body.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment has an operation mode particularly suitable for freehand puncture.
- the probe 10 is a linear probe in the example shown in FIG.
- the probe 10 has a transmission / reception end (lower end) abutted on the surface of a living body, and an array transducer composed of a plurality of vibration elements is provided in the transmission / reception end.
- the plurality of vibration elements are arranged linearly.
- An ultrasonic beam is formed by the array transducer, and the ultrasonic beam is electronically scanned.
- an electronic linear scanning method is applied. In the electronic scanning of the ultrasonic beam, the ultrasonic beam deflection angle can be variably set.
- the first beam scanning and the second beam scanning are executed alternately.
- the first beam scanning is an electronic scanning of an ultrasonic beam for imaging a tissue
- a non-deflection scanning surface 12 is formed.
- the non-deflection scanning surface 12 is formed by linearly scanning the ultrasonic beam after setting the deflection angle of the ultrasonic beam to 0 degree.
- a deflection scanning surface 14 is formed in the second beam scanning.
- the deflection scanning surface 14 is formed by inclining the ultrasonic beam at a certain angle and linearly scanning the ultrasonic beam while maintaining the deflection angle.
- the non-deflection scanning surface 12 has a rectangular shape, while the deflection scanning surface 14 has a parallelogram shape.
- the second beam scan is executed to clearly image the puncture needle.
- the deflection angle of the ultrasonic beam is determined so as to be orthogonal to the puncture path of the puncture needle. ing. That is, if the ultrasonic beam is scanned under such conditions, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted at right angles to the puncture needle, so that a strong reflected wave can be obtained from the surface of the puncture needle.
- a deflection scanning surface inclined in the direction opposite to the deflection scanning surface 14 may be further formed.
- the first frame data corresponding to the non-deflecting scanning surface 12 is acquired by the first beam scanning.
- the first frame data is composed of a plurality of beam data arranged in the electronic scanning direction.
- Each beam data is composed of a plurality of echo data arranged in the depth direction.
- second frame data corresponding to the deflection scanning surface 14 is acquired by the second beam scanning.
- the second frame data is also composed of a plurality of beam data arranged in the electronic scanning direction.
- a deflection scanning surface 14 may be formed as a tissue imaging scanning surface.
- the transmission / reception unit 16 is a circuit that functions as a transmission beam former and a reception beam former. At the time of transmission, the transmission / reception unit 16 supplies a plurality of transmission signals in parallel to the plurality of vibration elements constituting the transmission aperture. Thereby, a transmission beam is formed in the array transducer. At the time of reception, when reflected waves from the living body are received by a plurality of vibration elements constituting the reception opening, a plurality of reception signals are output in parallel to the transmission / reception unit 16. The transmission / reception unit 16 performs phasing addition processing on the plurality of reception signals, thereby generating a reception signal after phasing addition, that is, beam data. The beam data is output to the beam data processing unit 18. The transmission / reception process as described above is repeatedly executed while changing the position of the transmission / reception opening, and the above-described first frame data and second frame data are obtained. Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the first frame data and the second frame data are obtained alternately.
- the beam data processing unit 18 has a known circuit such as a detector, a logarithmic compressor, and the like, and executes predetermined processing on input beam data step by step. As a result, the processed first frame data 20 and the processed second frame data are alternately output from the beam data processing unit 18.
- the first frame data 20 is sent directly to the frame synthesis unit 26.
- the second frame data is sent to the frame composition unit 26 via the enhancement processing unit 22.
- the enhancement processing unit 22 performs enhancement processing on the display frame data so that the puncture needle image is highlighted.
- the enhancement process includes an edge extraction process. Further, threshold processing for extracting a high luminance portion, frame correlation processing, and the like may be included. By applying these processes, it is possible to obtain frame data in which only a portion of the puncture needle image is extracted, that is, only that portion is emphasized. Such frame data is shown as second frame data 24 in FIG.
- the first frame data 20 output from the beam data processing unit 18 is directly sent to the frame synthesis unit 26, but the tissue image is clarified with respect to the first frame data 20. It is also possible to perform a predetermined process for the output and output it to the frame synthesis unit 26.
- the frame synthesizing unit 26 is a circuit that synthesizes the first frame data 20 and the second frame data 24 to generate synthesized frame data 28.
- the second frame data 24 has a portion that protrudes from the first frame data 20, and this portion is deleted in this embodiment. That is, the frame synthesis unit 26 has a shaping function. Of course, an image may be formed without deleting such a portion.
- the synthesized frame data 28 that is considered as a rectangular shape includes a superposed subarea in which the first frame data and the second frame data are superposed, and a non-superimposed subarea consisting only of the first frame data. And. Although the puncture needle image can be clearly displayed in the superposed subarea, the puncture needle image tends to be unclear in the non-superimposed subarea.
- the tomographic image forming unit 30 is configured by a digital scan converter (DSC) in the present embodiment, and is a circuit that forms a tomographic image (B-mode tomographic image) 32 based on the input composite frame data 28.
- DSC digital scan converter
- the tomographic image forming unit 30 has a coordinate conversion function, an interpolation processing function, and the like. It also has a frame rate adjustment function and the like.
- the formed tomographic image 32 is sent to the display processing unit 34 for each display frame.
- the graphic image forming unit 36 generates a graphic image 38 including a puncture guide under the control of the control unit 46.
- the graphic image forming unit 36 is configured as an image processing circuit or a function of a program executed by the CPU.
- the puncture guide includes a plurality of graphic elements, and specifically includes main guidelines and sub-guidelines.
- the main guide line represents the reference puncture path
- the sub guide line represents the edge of the deflection scanning surface 14 formed by the second beam scanning, that is, the outer edge of the puncture needle imaging area.
- the display processing unit 34 includes an image composition function, a color processing function, and the like, and is a circuit that synthesizes the graphic image 38 with the tomographic image 30 and thereby generates the display image 40.
- the display image 40 is displayed on a main display 42 constituted by a flat panel display or the like.
- the display image 40 is displayed on the touch panel 44 including a sub display as needed. On the touch panel 44, it is possible to specify a puncture angle and mode selection, which will be described later.
- the control unit 46 includes a deflection angle determination unit 48 and a scanning control unit 50 in the present embodiment.
- the deflection angle determination unit 48 determines the deflection angle in the second beam scanning based on the puncture angle designated by the user.
- the scanning control unit 50 controls the first beam scanning and the second scanning. In the second beam scanning, the ultrasonic beam is deflected and scanned according to the deflection angle determined by the deflection angle determination unit 48.
- the control part 46 is comprised by CPU and an operation program, for example.
- Information necessary for forming a graphic image particularly information on the puncture angle and the deflection angle, is sent from the control unit 46 to the graphic image forming unit 36.
- the puncture angle and the deflection angle correspond to each other, and it is possible to specify the other by specifying one. Therefore, only one of the puncture angle and deflection angle may be sent from the control unit 46 to the graphic image forming unit 36.
- the input unit 52 is connected to the control unit 46.
- the input unit 52 is an operation panel, for example.
- the input unit 52 includes a puncture angle input device 54, a mode selector 56, and a reverse indicator 58.
- the puncture angle input device 54 is a unit for inputting a desired puncture angle by the user prior to freehand puncture. The user refers to the puncture guide displayed on the tomographic image and variably sets an appropriate puncture angle in relation to the tissue.
- the mode (form and position) of the puncture guide is changed in real time. If the puncture angle is changed, the deflection angle is also changed accordingly, that is, the scanning condition in the second beam scanning is changed.
- the user operates the puncture angle input device 54 to select an appropriate puncture angle, and then performs freehand puncture.
- the mode selector 56 is a unit for the user to select one of the first display mode and the second display mode.
- the first display mode is a display mode that is selected when puncturing is performed on the start end side of electronic scanning in the probe 10 (when one side procedure is performed).
- the second display mode is a display mode that is selected when puncturing is performed on the probe 10 at the end of electronic scanning (when the other side procedure is performed).
- two display modes are provided so that the puncture side as viewed from the probe 10 can be selected.
- a positive angle is set as the deflection angle
- a guideline that is forwardly inclined from the upper right to the lower left on the image is displayed.
- a negative angle is set as the deflection angle
- the main guideline inclined from the upper left to the lower right is displayed on the display screen.
- the inversion indicator 58 is a unit that gives an instruction to invert the tomographic image and the graphic image left and right as necessary.
- the inversion of the image can be performed by the display processing unit 34 or can be performed by the tomographic image forming unit 30 and the graphic image forming unit 36.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows an operation example of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus shown in FIG.
- the probe 10 includes a transmission / reception end, and an array transducer 60 is provided in the transmission / reception end.
- the array transducer 60 includes a plurality of transducer elements arranged in the electronic scanning direction.
- a protrusion 10A is provided on one side of the transmission / reception end.
- the protrusion 10A is a marker indicating the start end side of electronic scanning, and is called a direction mark.
- the ultrasonic transmission / reception is executed in a state where the transmission / reception surface of the probe 10 is in contact with the surface of the living body.
- the non-deflecting scanning surface 12 is constituted by the first scanning, that is, by electronically scanning the ultrasonic beam 62 formed with the condition of a deflection angle of 0 degrees in the electronic scanning direction (x direction). Composed.
- the deflected ultrasound beam may be electronically scanned to image the tissue.
- the y direction is the depth direction.
- the deflection scanning surface 14 is configured by second beam scanning, and specifically, is configured by electronically scanning an ultrasonic beam 68 deflected by a predetermined angle in the electronic scanning direction. .
- the deflection angle of the ultrasonic beam 68 is indicated by ⁇ 1.
- ⁇ 1 is defined as an angle with respect to the direct downward direction, which is a positive angle.
- the deflection angle ⁇ 1 is determined according to the puncture angle ⁇ 1 designated by the user prior to the freehand puncture.
- the puncture angle ⁇ 1 shown in FIG. 2 is defined as an angle with respect to the horizontal line.
- ⁇ 1 is a positive angle, which does not change for puncture on one side of the probe 10 and puncture on the other side.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the distal end portion of the puncture needle 66 has reached the center of the target tissue 64.
- FIG. 3 shows a first example of a puncture guide.
- the display image 70 is an image generated by combining the tomographic image 72 and the graphic image 74.
- the tomographic image 72 includes a sub-area 72A obtained by superimposing the first frame data and the second frame data, and a sub-area 72B where such superposition is not performed.
- the puncture needle image can be displayed relatively clearly.
- the edge (boundary) 82 of the sub-area 72A can be recognized as a streak on the tomographic image 72, but the edge 82 is generally difficult to clearly identify on the image.
- the graphic image 74 has a puncture guide 76 in the present embodiment.
- the puncture guide 76 has a shape like a cross in the first example shown in FIG. Specifically, the puncture guide 76 has a main guideline 78 and a sub-guideline 80.
- the main guideline 78 is a line representing the reference puncture route, which is inclined from the upper right corner point 70 ⁇ / b> A in the display image 70 toward the lower left direction, and is drawn over the entire display image 70.
- the reference puncture route is defined by the point 70A and the puncture angle ⁇ 1.
- the sub-guideline 80 which is an important element in the present embodiment, is a line segment that represents the edge 82 of the sub-area 72A.
- the inclination angle of the edge 82 is ⁇ 1.
- the sub-guideline 80 is also inclined according to the deflection angle ⁇ 1.
- the sub-guideline 80 is configured as a line shorter than the main guideline 78, and the main guideline 78 passes through the midpoint of the sub-guideline 80 from the orthogonal direction.
- the puncture guide 76 is desirably displayed in a form that does not hinder the observation of the puncture needle image and tissue. In FIG. 3, the puncture guide 76 is expressed with emphasis.
- the puncture needle image clearly, it is desirable to keep the puncture needle in the sub-area 72A, that is, the insertion amount so that the tip of the puncture needle does not reach the sub-area 72B. It is desirable to determine the puncture angle.
- the edge 82 is unclear and it is difficult for the user to immediately recognize how far the sub-area 72A is.
- the shape or size of the synthetic area 72A can be recognized, and in particular, when an arbitrary puncturing angle is selected, the range where the tip of the puncture needle may be inserted is intuitively recognized. Is possible.
- the puncture angle is set in advance so that the target tissue image 64A is included in the sub-area 72A or the target coordinate 84 that is the center position is included in the sub-area 72A.
- ⁇ 1 can be set.
- the position and orientation of the probe can be changed in advance so that such a condition is satisfied.
- the puncture angle ⁇ 1 is designated by the user in this embodiment. For example, it is designated by turning a knob on the operation panel, or is designated by touching the target coordinate 84 on the sub-display. It is also possible to automatically detect such coordinates and automatically set the puncture angle ⁇ 1. Incidentally, since there is a correspondence as described above between the puncture angle ⁇ 1 and the deflection angle ⁇ 1, the puncture angle ⁇ 1 is indirectly determined by designating the deflection angle ⁇ 1 instead of designating the puncture angle ⁇ 1. You may be made to do.
- a display image as shown in FIG. 3 is displayed, and by variably setting the puncture angle ⁇ 1 while observing the display image, the reference puncture route is set to an appropriate position and The angle can be set, and at the same time, an appropriate deflection angle ⁇ 1 can be set. After confirming that an appropriate positional relationship has been formed, freehand puncture is actually performed.
- FIG. 4 shows the puncture guide 76 shown in FIG.
- the sub-guideline 80 is configured as a line segment extending along the edge of the composite area, which has an end point 80A and an end point 80B.
- the main guideline 78 passes through those intermediate points from the orthogonal direction.
- the sub-guideline 80 represents the recommended angle range 85. That is, a certain angle difference ⁇ between the upper side and the lower side with respect to the reference puncture route is represented by two end points 80A and 80B. If the puncture needle is advanced so as to be included in the recommended angle range 85, it is possible to obtain a relatively clear image as the puncture needle image.
- ⁇ is, for example, 5 degrees.
- ⁇ is, for example, 5 degrees.
- FIG. 4 two virtual lines 84A and 84B connecting the upper right corner of the display image and the two end points 80A and 80B are shown. Such lines are not actually displayed, but they may be displayed.
- a marker or the like indicating the size of the recommended angle range 85 can be displayed in the middle of the main guideline 78.
- the end point 80A can be specified by subtracting ⁇ from the puncture angle ⁇ 1, and the end point 80B can be specified by adding ⁇ to the puncture angle ⁇ 1.
- the graphic image forming unit described above calculates the coordinates of the two end points 80A and 80B of the sub-guideline 80.
- FIG. 5 shows a display image 70 immediately after the start of puncturing, which includes a puncture guide 76 and a target tissue image 64A.
- the main guideline 78 represents a reference puncture route, and a puncture needle image 86A appears on the main guideline 78.
- the reference puncture route is a guideline, and the puncture needle image 86A does not necessarily have to be placed thereon. As long as the purpose of puncture can be achieved, the puncture needle image 86A may be removed from the puncture route.
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which the puncture is further advanced and the tip of the puncture needle image 86B reaches the center of the target tissue image 64A.
- the puncture guide of this embodiment it is possible to easily recognize the limit of puncture needle imaging. Therefore, the problem as shown in FIG. 7 can be avoided.
- the target tissue image 64B is not in the sub area 72A but is present in the sub area 72B.
- the puncture guide 76 has the sub-guideline 80, which represents the edge 82, that is, the limit of clear imaging of the puncture needle. It is possible to avoid the problem of puncturing in the state shown.
- the user confirms that the point of arrival of the puncture needle belongs to the sub-area 72A, and then confirms that the center of the target tissue image 64B exists in the sub-area 72A, for example.
- freehand puncture can be performed.
- the sub-guideline 80 also represents the recommended angle range. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when the puncture needle image 86C belongs to the angle range indicated by the two end points 80A and 80B of the sub-guideline 80, a certain clear image can be expected for the display image. Is possible. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, when the tip or the like in the puncture needle image 86D deviates from the recommended angle range 85, such a situation can be easily determined by comparing the puncture needle image 86D with the two end points 80A and 80B. It is possible to recognize.
- FIG. 10 shows the change of the puncture guide with the change of the puncture angle.
- the puncture angle is ⁇ 2 in (A)
- the puncture angle is ⁇ 3 in (B)
- the puncture angle is ⁇ 4 in (C).
- the relationship of ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 is established. Therefore, the relationship of ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 is also established.
- the end points 80A and 80B of the sub-guideline 80 represent the recommended angle range, and are specified by adding or subtracting ⁇ with respect to the puncture angle, for example.
- the two end points 80A and 80B move in a direction approaching each other.
- the line length L of the sub-guideline 80 is reduced, and the relationship L1> L2> L3 is established.
- the puncture angle which is an angle formed by the reference puncture angle represented by the main guideline 78 and the horizontal line
- the sub-guideline 80 slides on the main guideline 78 toward the back side, that is, deeper, Accordingly, the line length of the sub-guideline 80 gradually increases. It is desirable to select an appropriate puncture angle according to the position of the target tissue. In that case, a puncture guide can be used.
- FIG. 11 shows the second display mode. Incidentally, the first display mode has been described with reference to FIG.
- the side on which the protrusion 10A is provided is the start end side 88.
- the opposite side is the end end side 90.
- the first display mode is selected when the puncture needle is inserted into the body at the start end side 88
- the second display mode is selected when the puncture needle is inserted into the body at the end end side 90. Is done.
- the same first beam scan as the first beam scan in the first display mode is executed, while in the second beam scan, the ultrasonic beam is electronically scanned with a negative deflection angle. Is done.
- the deflection angle is indicated by ⁇ 5.
- the display image 92 is an image obtained by synthesizing the tomographic image 94 and the graphic image 96, and the tomographic image 94 includes a sub-area 94A and a sub-area 96B.
- Reference numeral 98 represents an edge of the sub-area 94A.
- the graphic image 96 has a puncture guide 100, which consists of a main guideline 102 and a sub-guideline 104.
- the main guideline 102 is inclined backward from the point 92A at the upper left corner in the display image 92 in the lower right direction.
- the inclination angle, that is, the puncture angle is ⁇ 5. In the present embodiment, this ⁇ 5 is defined as a positive angle.
- the sub-guideline 104 is a line segment representing the edge 98 and is orthogonal to the main guideline 102.
- the ultrasound beam is scanned while being tilted in the reverse direction, and the puncture guide 100 having the reverse tilt posture is displayed. Therefore, the procedure and the display mode can be selected according to the dominant arm or the position of the target tissue. Thereby, operability can be improved, or accurate puncture can be realized.
- the marker 106A displayed in the vicinity of the display image 92 indicates the start end side of the electronic scanning.
- FIG. 12 shows a reverse display mode.
- the display image 108 can be reversed left and right by instructing the reverse display and executing the reverse display mode. That is, the tomographic image 110 is displayed in an inverted state, and the graphic image 112 is also displayed in an inverted state. That is, the back surfaces thereof are displayed.
- a marker 106B is displayed on the opposite side to the normal case.
- FIG. 13 shows a second example of the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide 110 is composed of a main guideline 112 and a sub-guideline 114, and each line 112, 114 is represented by a plurality of points.
- reference numeral 110A indicates a point corresponding to the cross position of two lines. Such display of the point 110A can be omitted.
- Each point can be configured as a filled circular shape, or can be configured as a ring shape in which the interior is not filled.
- FIG. 14 shows a third example of the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide 116 has a T shape. That is, the main guideline 118 does not penetrate the subguideline 120, and the main guideline 118 remains in the superposition subarea.
- Such a puncture guide 116 can also provide the same effects as described above. In particular, such a T-shape provides the advantage that the insertion limit can be recognized more intuitively.
- FIG. 15 shows a fourth example of the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide 122 is composed of a main guideline 124 and a sub-guideline 126, and the end edge 124A of the main guideline 124 does not reach the edge of the display image but stays on the way.
- the sub-guideline 126 is configured as an arc shape centered on the upper right corner.
- the edge or boundary 130 can also be recognized by such a curved form. Further, if the sub-guideline 126 has an arc shape, an advantage that the recommended angle range can be easily recognized more intuitively can be obtained.
- FIG. 16 shows a fifth example of the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide 132 includes a main guideline 134 and a sub-guideline 136.
- the main guideline 134 is specifically composed of two lines 134A and 134B extending in parallel, which are drawn on both sides of the reference insertion path. According to such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the problem that the main guideline 134 is placed on the puncture needle image and obstructs the observation of the puncture needle image.
- the sub-guideline 136 is divided, that is, is composed of a line segment 136A and a line segment 136B. There is a gap between the line segments 136A and 136B, which corresponds to the distance between the two lines 134A and 134B.
- only one of the two lines 134A and 134B shown in FIG. 16 may be displayed and used as the main guideline. That is, it is possible to configure the main guideline as a parallel line that is offset from the reference puncture path by a certain distance, not a line that is on the reference puncture route. Similarly, the sub-guideline can be displayed at a position offset by a certain distance from the edge.
- FIG. 17 shows a sixth example of the puncture guide.
- the puncture guide 138 has the same form as the puncture guide shown in FIG. 3, but the position in the y direction is different. That is, the main guideline 140 comes out from a point 140A that is lower than the point 144A in the upper right corner of the display image 144 by a certain distance ⁇ y.
- a display mode as shown in FIG. 17 can be employed.
- the puncture angle ⁇ 6 and the distance ⁇ y may be designated when forming the puncture guide 138.
- ⁇ y may be variably set by the user, or may be automatically determined according to the type of probe, for example.
- FIG. 18 shows an operation example of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus shown in FIG.
- the puncture angle is initially set.
- an initial value is given as the puncture angle.
- the deflection angle is initially set based on the puncture angle specified in this way, and the puncture guide is displayed in the initial mode.
- the first beam scanning and the second beam scanning are alternately performed, and the tomographic image is displayed on the display screen, and the above-described puncture guide is also displayed.
- a tomographic image may be displayed before execution of S10.
- the knob is operated by the user, and the puncture angle is designated.
- the deflection angle is changed in S14, and the display mode of the puncture guide is changed accordingly.
- Steps S12 and S14 are repeated until it is determined in S16 that the puncture angle is designated.
- the user can set the reference puncture direction in an appropriate direction in relation to the target tissue while referring to the puncture guide, that is, can set an appropriate puncture angle.
- freehand puncture is actually executed after the above setting is completed.
- the puncture angle can be variably set while viewing the tomographic image displayed in real time.
- the deflection angle is changed in real time according to the puncture angle, and the display mode of the puncture guide is also changed. Therefore, it is possible to quickly specify an appropriate puncture angle.
- the puncture it is possible to confirm the outer edge in a range where the puncture needle can be clearly displayed.
- FIG. 19 to FIG. 21 show examples of puncture guide display in a convex probe.
- the convex probe 146 has a wave transmitting / receiving surface 146A that is curved in an arc shape.
- the first scanning surface 148 is configured.
- the second scanning plane 150 is configured. In this case, as described above, it is desirable that the formation conditions of the respective ultrasonic beams are determined so that the respective ultrasonic beams are orthogonal to the puncture needle 152.
- FIG. 21 shows a display image 154.
- the display image 154 is an image obtained by combining a tomographic image and a graphic image.
- the ultrasonic image is an image formed based on synthesized frame data obtained by synthesizing the first frame data corresponding to the first scanning plane and the second frame data corresponding to the second scanning plane. Therefore, as in the case where the linear probe is used, the edge of the overlapping sub area is generated. This is indicated by reference numeral 156.
- the puncture guideline 158 includes a main guideline 160 and a sub-guideline 162 orthogonal to the main guideline 160.
- the sub-guideline 162 represents a reference puncture route according to the puncture angle specified by the user, and the sub-guideline 162 is a line representing the edge 156. In this way, the puncture guide can be utilized even when using a convex probe.
- Each line constituting the puncture guide described above can be displayed in an arbitrary manner, and can be displayed with an arbitrary hue. It is desirable to display the puncture guide in a manner that does not hinder the observation of the puncture needle image or tissue.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 予定穿刺角度に対応したビーム偏向角度を決定する偏向角度決定部と、
組織画像化用の第1ビーム走査と、前記ビーム偏向角度に従う穿刺針画像化用の第2ビーム走査と、を制御する走査制御部と、
穿刺ガイドを有するグラフィック画像を形成するグラフィック画像形成部と、
前記第1ビーム走査により得られた第1フレームデータと、前記第2ビーム走査により得られた第2フレームデータと、を合成することにより、合成フレームデータを生成する合成部と、
前記合成フレームデータに基づく超音波画像と、前記グラフィック画像と、を合成することにより、表示画像を生成する表示処理部と、
を含み、
前記穿刺ガイドは、
前記予定穿刺角度から定まる基準穿刺経路を表すメインガイドラインと、
前記メインガイドラインに交差し、前記メインガイドラインよりも短いラインであって、前記第2ビーム走査エリアの縁を表すサブガイドラインと、
を含む、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記サブガイドラインは前記メインガイドラインに対して直交し、
前記メインガイドラインと前記サブガイドラインの組み合わせが十字架形状又はT字形状を構成する、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記サブガイドラインの両端の座標が、前記基準穿刺経路を基準として定まる推奨穿刺角度範囲の下限及び上限を表す、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記予定穿刺角度が小さくなって前記基準穿刺経路が水平線に近付くのに従って、前記サブガイドラインの位置が前記メインガイドラインに沿って深い方へ移動し、且つ、前記サブガイドラインのライン長が大きくなる、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項4記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記予定穿刺角度に対する所定角度の加算及び減算により前記推奨穿刺角度範囲の下限及び上限が定められる、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記第2フレームデータに対して前記穿刺針の像を強調するための強調処理を適用する強調処理部を含み、
前記合成部は、前記強調処理後の第2フレームデータを前記第1フレームデータに合成する、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項6記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記強調処理はエッジ強調処理を含む、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載の超音波診断装置において、
超音波を送受波する複数の振動素子からなるアレイ振動子を内蔵した送受波端部を有し、生体表面に当接されるプローブと、
前記送受波端部の一方側で穿刺を行う一方側手技に適合する第1表示モード、及び、前記送受波端部の他方側で穿刺を行う他方側手技に適合する第2表示モード、の中から、表示モードを選択するモード選択部と、
を含み、
前記第1表示モードが選択された場合に、前記第1走査制御部が前記ビーム偏向角度として正の角度を設定し、且つ、前記穿刺ガイドとして、一方側上方から他方側下方へ傾斜したメインガイドラインを有する順傾斜型穿刺ガイドが表示され、
前記第2表示モードが選択された場合に、前記第1走査制御部が前記ビーム偏向角度として負の角度を設定し、且つ、前記穿刺ガイドとして、他方側上方から一方側下方へ傾斜したメインガイドラインを有する逆傾斜型穿刺ガイドが表示される、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記表示処理部は、反転指示が入力された場合に、前記超音波画像及び前記グラフィック画像を左右に反転させる、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記予定穿刺角度を可変するための入力部を含み、
前記超音波画像としてリアルタイム断層画像が表示され、
前記予定穿刺角度の変更に従って前記第2ビーム走査におけるビーム偏向角度及び前記穿刺ガイドの表示態様がリアルタイムで更新される、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の超音波診断装置において、
当該超音波診断装置は、穿刺針を機械的に案内する穿刺アダプタを用いずにフリーハンドで穿刺を行う場合に使用される装置である、
ことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 超音波診断装置における画像形成方法において、
合成フレームデータに基づいて超音波画像を形成する工程と、
穿刺ガイドを含むグラフィック画像を形成する工程と、
前記超音波画像と前記グラフィック画像とを合成することにより表示画像を形成する工程と、
を含み、
前記合成フレームデータは、組織画像化用の第1ビーム走査により得られた第1フレームデータと、予定穿刺角度に対応したビーム偏向角度に従う穿刺針画像化用の第2ビーム走査により得られた第2フレームデータと、を合成することにより生成され、
前記穿刺ガイドは、
前記予定穿刺角度から定まる基準穿刺経路を表すメインガイドラインと、
前記メインガイドラインに直交するラインであって、前記第2ビーム走査エリアの縁を表すサブガイドラインと、
を含む、
ことを特徴とする画像形成方法。 - 請求項12記載の方法において、
前記予定穿刺角度が小さくなって前記基準穿刺経路が水平線に近付くのに従って、前記サブガイドラインの位置が前記メインガイドラインに沿って深い方へ移動し、且つ、前記サブガイドラインのライン長が大きくなる、
ことを特徴とする画像形成方法。 - 請求項12記載の方法において、
前記穿刺ガイドは、穿刺針を案内する穿刺アダプタを用いずにフリーハンドで穿刺を行う場合に表示される、
ことを特徴とする画像形成方法。
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- 2014-04-21 CN CN201480022544.6A patent/CN105228528B/zh active Active
- 2014-04-21 US US14/781,631 patent/US20160081666A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5636467B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
CN105228528B (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
CN105228528A (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
US20160081666A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
JP2014212812A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
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