WO2013076890A1 - 半導体装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013076890A1 WO2013076890A1 PCT/JP2012/005568 JP2012005568W WO2013076890A1 WO 2013076890 A1 WO2013076890 A1 WO 2013076890A1 JP 2012005568 W JP2012005568 W JP 2012005568W WO 2013076890 A1 WO2013076890 A1 WO 2013076890A1
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Definitions
- the present application relates to a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a semiconductor device having a trench gate structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a semiconductor device having a trench gate structure has attracted attention.
- a channel is formed on the surface of a semiconductor layer, whereas in a trench gate semiconductor device, a channel region is formed on the side surface of a trench provided in the semiconductor layer.
- a semiconductor device with a trench gate structure is expected to be miniaturized and have a lower on-resistance than a semiconductor device with a planar gate structure.
- a semiconductor device having a trench gate structure has been developed particularly in the field of power devices.
- the semiconductor device having a trench gate structure is not limited by miniaturization due to the junction FET (JFET) effect, it has the advantage that the trench can be miniaturized and the on-resistance and switching loss can be reduced.
- JFET junction FET
- the aspect ratio of the trench becomes large due to miniaturization and it becomes difficult to bury the gate electrode.
- the gate resistance is increased. In order to suppress an increase in gate resistance, it has been studied to make the gate electrode T-shaped and extend the gate electrode around the trench (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a semiconductor device having a trench gate structure it is important to form an appropriate gate insulating film in the trench.
- the electric field concentrates at the bottom of the trench, and the electric field strength is higher than other portions. This may cause breakdown due to dielectric breakdown of the gate insulating film at the bottom of the trench.
- the conventional trench gate structure semiconductor device has the following problems. First, when controlling the film thickness of the gate insulating film using the plane orientation of the substrate, a substrate having a special plane orientation is required, which increases the manufacturing cost. In addition, the film thickness on the side surface of the trench and the film thickness on the bottom cannot be set independently to an arbitrary thickness.
- a gate insulating film is also required on the semiconductor layer around the trench. If the thickness of the gate insulating film formed around the trench is thin, the gate-source capacitance increases and causes a delay. Therefore, when making the gate electrode T-shaped, it is necessary to control not only the thickness of the gate insulating film on the side and bottom of the trench but also the thickness of the gate insulating film around the trench.
- the trench is substantially deepened and the aspect ratio is increased. For this reason, the problem that it becomes difficult to embed the gate electrode also occurs.
- the above problems occur both in a silicon semiconductor device and in a semiconductor device using a wide band gap semiconductor such as silicon carbide (silicon carbide: SiC).
- SiC silicon carbide
- the relative dielectric constant of SiC (9.7 for 4H-SiC) is smaller than that of Si (11.9), and the difference from the relative dielectric constant of SiO 2 (3.8) is small. For this reason, in a semiconductor device using SiC, a larger electric field is applied to the gate insulating film, which is a more serious problem.
- One embodiment disclosed in the present specification provides a semiconductor device in which the thickness of a gate insulating film in and around a trench can be easily controlled and a gate electrode can be easily embedded in the trench.
- One embodiment of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device disclosed in this specification includes a step of preparing a substrate having a semiconductor layer provided on a main surface side, a step of forming a trench in the semiconductor layer, a side surface of the trench, and a trench Forming a gate insulating film around the bottom and the trench, and forming a conductive film extending over the gate insulating film and filling the trench.
- the step of forming the gate insulating film includes the step of forming the first insulating film on the side surface of the trench, and the formation of the second insulating film using a high-density plasma chemical vapor deposition method at the bottom of the trench and around the trench.
- the conductive film is formed in contact with a portion of the first insulating film formed on the side surface of the trench.
- One embodiment of a semiconductor device disclosed in this specification includes a substrate, a semiconductor layer provided on a main surface side of the substrate, a trench provided in the semiconductor layer, a side surface of the trench, a bottom portion of the trench, and a periphery of the trench. And a conductive film provided on the gate insulating film so as to fill the trench and spread around the trench, and the gate insulating film is provided on the side surface of the trench.
- the second insulating film provided at the bottom of the trench and around the trench, and the thickness of the portion of the gate insulating film provided at the bottom of the trench and around the trench is the gate insulating film
- the portion provided in the periphery of the trench in the second insulating film is thicker than the portion provided on the side surface of the trench in, and has a slope that gradually increases in thickness from the end on the trench side, Angle of inclination with respect to the main surface of the substrate of the slope portion is 45 ⁇ 5 degrees, and the conductive film, the side surface portion formed in the trench in the first insulating film is in contact.
- a gate insulating film is formed by a combination of a high-density plasma chemical vapor deposition (High-Density-Plasma-Chemical-Vapor-Deposition: HDP-CVD) method and a thermal oxidation method, for example. To do.
- a high-density plasma chemical vapor deposition High-Density-Plasma-Chemical-Vapor-Deposition: HDP-CVD
- the film thickness of the gate insulating film at the bottom and the periphery of the trench and the film thickness of the gate insulating film on the side surface of the trench can be set independently without complicating the process. it can.
- a semiconductor device in which the dielectric breakdown of the gate insulating film at the bottom of the trench is suppressed can be easily realized without substantially affecting the characteristics such as the threshold voltage.
- FIG. 1 shows the result of the simulation of the electric field strength applied to the bottom of the trench in a trench gate structure semiconductor device using 4H—SiC.
- the drain voltage was 1200 V
- the junction breakdown voltage between the drift region and the body region was 1200 V or more.
- the thickness of the gate insulating film in the channel region on the side surface of the trench was fixed to 70 nm, and the electric field strength applied to the bottom of the trench when the thickness at the bottom of the trench was changed was obtained.
- the electric field strength exceeds 9 MV / cm. Even if the film thickness at the bottom of the trench is 140 nm, which is twice the film thickness at the side surface, an electric field of 6 MV / cm is applied to the bottom of the trench.
- the dielectric breakdown electric field strength in a normal thermal oxide film is 10 MV / cm or more. However, in order to ensure reliability during long-term use, it is preferable that the electric field strength allowable in the semiconductor device is about 3 MV / cm to 4 MV / cm, which is sufficiently smaller than the dielectric breakdown electric field strength.
- the electric field strength applied to the bottom of the trench is 4 MV / cm or less.
- the (000-1) C plane is a plane with a high oxidation rate, but the oxidation rate is only about twice that of the (11-20) plane. For this reason, it is difficult to make the thickness of the gate insulating film at the bottom of the trench 5 times or more that of the side surface of the trench due to the difference in oxidation rate depending on the plane orientation. Further, since the combination of the surface orientation of the bottom surface and the surface orientation of the side surface of the trench is limited, the film thickness on the side surface and the film thickness on the bottom portion cannot be controlled independently. Furthermore, low concentration epitaxial growth is difficult on the C-plane. For this reason, it is difficult to relax the electric field applied to the bottom of the trench so as to be a predetermined value or less while securing the characteristics of the transistor using the difference in the oxidation rate depending on the plane orientation, which is not practical.
- the film thickness at the side of the trench and the film thickness at the bottom are controlled independently. Is possible. However, an increase in man-hours is a big problem. For example, the following steps are required. First, after forming a thermal oxide film inside the trench, a polysilicon film is formed so as to cover the thermal oxide film. Next, a nitride film that covers the polysilicon film is formed, and the formed nitride film is selectively removed to form a mask that covers the side surfaces of the trench and exposes the bottom. After the exposed portion of the polysilicon film is thermally oxidized, the mask is removed, and the unoxidized polysilicon film is removed.
- an oxide film obtained by oxidizing polysilicon has a lower breakdown field strength than an oxide film obtained by oxidizing single crystal silicon. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the gate insulating film at the bottom of the trench compared to the case where the thermal oxide film is directly formed at the bottom of the trench. However, it is difficult to completely oxidize the thick polysilicon film to the inside, and it is not easy to make the thickness of the gate insulating film at the bottom of the trench significantly larger than the side surface.
- a thick insulating film is formed at the bottom of the trench by thermal oxidation.
- the inventor of the present application has found that when a thermal oxide film having a film thickness twice or more that of the side surface is formed at the bottom of the trench, defects are easily introduced into the semiconductor layer. In the thermal oxide film formation process, the volume of the surface portion of the semiconductor layer is increased by oxidation. For this reason, when a thick thermal oxide film is formed at the bottom of the trench, a large stress is applied to the corner of the bottom of the trench, and there is a high possibility that the crystallinity is disturbed at the corner. Therefore, defects are likely to occur in the semiconductor layer, and the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device may be reduced, or the leakage current may be increased.
- the inventor of the present application paid attention to the fact that by using the HDP-CVD method, the SiO 2 film can be selectively deposited on the bottom surface of the trench with almost no deposition on the side surface of the trench.
- the film thickness on the side surface of the trench and the film thickness on the bottom can be controlled independently. Further, since no mask is required, the number of man-hours does not increase greatly.
- the HDP-CVD method is used, a dense SiO 2 film can be obtained, so that a large dielectric breakdown electric field strength can be obtained even if the film thickness is smaller than the SiO 2 film obtained by oxidizing polysilicon. It is done.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment is a SiC-metal insulator semiconductor field effect transistor (MISFET) having a trench gate structure, and has a plurality of unit cells 11.
- FIG. 2 shows a planar configuration of the unit cell 11
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional configuration taken along line III-III in FIG. In FIG. 2, the description of the source electrode is omitted.
- Each unit cell 11 has a semiconductor layer 102 provided on the surface (main surface) of a substrate 101 containing SiC.
- the semiconductor layer 102 includes an n-type drift region 121, a p-type body region 123 provided on the drift region 121, and an n-type source region 124 provided on the body region 123. Yes.
- the source region 124 is surrounded by the body region 123.
- the semiconductor layer 102 has a trench (concave portion) 102 a that penetrates the source region 124 and the body region 123 and reaches the drift region 121.
- a gate insulating film 103 is formed on the source region 124 inside the trench 102a and around the trench 102a.
- the gate insulating film 103 includes a first insulating film 131 provided on the side surface of the trench 102a, and a second insulating film 132 provided on the bottom of the trench 102a and around the trench 102a.
- the second insulating film 132 includes an in-trench portion 132A provided at the bottom of the trench 102a and a trench surrounding portion 132B provided on the semiconductor layer 102 around the trench 102a.
- a gate electrode 105 made of a conductive film is embedded in the trench 102a.
- the gate electrode 105 has a T-shaped cross section that extends around the trench 102a.
- the bottom portion is in contact with the in-trench portion 132 A of the second insulating film 132, and the side portion is in contact with the first insulating film 131.
- a portion of the gate electrode 105 provided around the trench 102 a is in contact with the trench surrounding portion 132 B of the second insulating film 132. For this reason, the gate electrode 105 is insulated from the semiconductor layer 102 by the gate insulating film 103.
- a source electrode (source-body electrode) 106 electrically connected to the source region 124 and the body region 123 is provided on the semiconductor layer 102.
- the source electrode 106 is provided so as to surround the trench 102a.
- a drain electrode 107 is provided on the back surface of the substrate 101.
- An interlayer insulating film that covers the gate electrode 105 and the source electrode 106 is provided on the semiconductor layer 102 as necessary, and a gate wiring and a source wiring are provided in the interlayer insulating film.
- the gate wiring and the source wiring are connected to the gate electrode 105 and the source electrode 106 by contact plugs, respectively.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment may be formed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 4, SiC is epitaxially grown on the main surface of the substrate 101 to sequentially form an n-type drift region 121 and a p-type body region 123. Subsequently, an n-type source region 124 is formed in the body region 123.
- a low-resistance n-type SiC substrate containing nitrogen having a concentration of about 3 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 can be used as the substrate 101.
- the drift region 121 may be doped with nitrogen at a concentration of about 8 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the thickness of the drift region 121 may be about 12 ⁇ m.
- the impurity concentration and thickness of the drift region 121 may be determined by the required breakdown voltage, and are not limited to the exemplified concentration and thickness.
- the body region 123 may be doped with aluminum at a concentration of about 2 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the thickness of the body region 123 may be about 1 ⁇ m.
- the source region 124 may be formed by ion implantation or the like.
- An implantation mask made of SiO 2 or the like is formed so as to expose a portion to be the source region 124 in the body region 123.
- n-type impurity ions for example, nitrogen ions
- the ion implantation may be performed by setting the acceleration energy to 100 keV and the dose amount to 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 .
- annealing is performed for about 30 minutes at a temperature of about 1700 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere. Thereby, the implanted impurity ions are activated, and the source region 124 is obtained.
- the example which forms the semiconductor layer 102 by epitaxial growth was shown, you may form all or one part of the semiconductor layer 102 by performing ion implantation etc. to a SiC substrate.
- p-type impurities may be implanted into an n-type SiC substrate, and the upper portion of the SiC substrate may be used as the body region 123.
- the body region 123 may be formed by epitaxially growing an n-type semiconductor layer on the SiC substrate and then ion-implanting p-type impurities into the surface region of the formed n-type semiconductor layer. In these cases, the region where the p-type impurity is not implanted becomes the drift region 121.
- a trench 102 a is formed in the semiconductor layer 102.
- the trench 102a uses, for example, a mask made of a SiO 2 film that exposes the central portion of the source region 124, and reactive ion etching (RIE) is performed on part of the source region 124, the body region 123, and the drift region 121. Can be removed.
- the trench 102 a is formed so as not to penetrate the drift region 121 and so that the bottom surface is below the interface between the drift region 121 and the body region 123.
- the trench 102a may have a depth of about 1.5 ⁇ m and a width of about 1 ⁇ m.
- 5 illustrates an example in which the side surface of the trench 102a is perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 101; however, the side surface of the trench 102a may not be perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate 101.
- a second insulating film 132 is deposited by HDP-CVD.
- the second insulating film 132 can be formed on the bottom of the trench 102a and the periphery of the trench 102a, and can be prevented from being formed on the side surface of the trench 102a.
- the film thickness of the in-trench portion 132A formed at the bottom of the trench 102a and the trench peripheral portion 132B formed around the trench 102a in the second insulating film 132 may be about 150 nm to about 500 nm. In the present embodiment, as an example, the film thickness is about 350 nm.
- the thickness of the second insulating film 132 may be adjusted by the deposition time.
- the second insulating film 132 After the second insulating film 132 is formed, it is preferable to perform heat treatment at a temperature of about 900 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere or an oxidizing atmosphere in order to improve the insulation resistance of the second insulating film 132. However, the heat treatment may be omitted.
- the second insulating film 132 is formed by the HDP-CVD method.
- the HDP-CVD method is a CVD method using high-density plasma.
- the plasma density is higher than that of normal plasma CVD, and there is an advantage that a high-quality film can be formed even at a low temperature.
- sputter etching and deposition are performed simultaneously, almost no film is formed on the portion where the underlayer is inclined more than about 45 degrees, and the end portion becomes an inclined surface having an inclination angle of about 45 degrees. Has characteristics. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the second insulating film 132 is hardly deposited on the side surface of the trench 102a. Accordingly, the second insulating film 132 can be formed only at the bottom of the trench 102a and around the trench 102a without forming a mask on the side surface of the trench 102a.
- the formation of the second insulating film 132 by the HDP-CVD method can be performed using a known apparatus under known conditions.
- the SiO 2 film may be deposited under the following conditions.
- the power supplied to the top coil is about 1300 W
- the power supplied to the side coil is about 3100 W
- a bias of about 3300 W is applied to the substrate.
- the inside of the chamber is about 6 mTorr (about 0.8 Pa)
- argon (Ar) is 125 sccm (sccm is 0 ° C., mL / min at 1 atm.
- a first insulating film 131 is formed on the side surface of the trench 102a.
- the first insulating film 131 may be thinner than the second insulating film 132.
- the thickness may be about 30 nm to 100 nm.
- the first insulating film 131 having a thickness of about 70 nm can be formed by performing heat treatment for about 3 hours at a temperature of about 1200 ° C. in a dry oxidation atmosphere. At this time, the second insulating film 132 is also baked.
- the first insulating film 131 grows almost equally on the semiconductor layer 102 side and the trench 102a side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the position of the end portion on the trench 102a side of the trench peripheral portion 132B in the second insulating film 132 is slightly different from the upper edge of the trench 102a after the first insulating film 131 is formed. It will be in the retracted position. Theoretically, the position of the end portion of the trench peripheral portion 132B is the position of the upper edge of the trench 102a before the first insulating film 131 is formed.
- the interval t1 is substantially equal to half the film thickness t2 of the first insulating film 131.
- a conductive film 105A is formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor layer 102 including the inside of the trench 102a.
- the conductive film 105A may be a polysilicon film having a thickness of about 600 nm doped with phosphorus at a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 or more, for example.
- the polysilicon film may be formed by LP-CVD, for example.
- the conductive film 105A may be a conductive film other than the polysilicon film.
- the conductive film 105A is etched (dry etching) using the resist layer 141 that covers the upper portion of the trench 102a and exposes other portions as a mask, so that the gate electrode 105 having a T-shaped cross section is formed. obtain.
- the size of the portion of the gate electrode 105 protruding around the trench 102a is preferably set to 500 nm or more in consideration of misalignment of the lithography technique. However, if the required gate resistance can be realized, the gate electrode 105 need not have a T-shaped cross section. Subsequently, a portion of the second insulating film 132 that is not covered with the gate electrode 105 is removed to expose the source region 124 and the body region 123.
- the source electrode 106 is formed so as to be in contact with the body region 123 and the source region 124. Specifically, the following may be performed. First, an insulating film serving as an interlayer insulating film is formed so as to cover the semiconductor layer 102 and the gate electrode 105. Thereafter, an opening that exposes part of the body region 123 and the source region 124 is formed in the insulating film, and a conductive film may be formed in the opening.
- the conductive film may be a nickel (Ni) film or the like, and may be heat-treated as necessary after formation. Thereby, a source electrode in ohmic contact with the source region 124 and the body region 123 is obtained. Further, the drain electrode 107 is formed on the back surface (the surface opposite to the main surface) of the substrate 101. Although not shown in the drawing, a wiring and a plug for connecting each electrode and the wiring may be formed as necessary.
- the gate insulating film 103 is formed by combining the HDP-CVD method and the thermal oxidation method. Therefore, it is easy to independently set the film thickness of the gate insulating film 103 on the side surface of the trench 102a and the film thickness of the gate insulating film 103 at the bottom and the periphery of the trench 102a without forming a mask or the like. it can.
- the film thickness of the side surface of the trench 102a in the gate insulating film 103 and the film thickness at the bottom of the trench 102a may be set as appropriate depending on the required threshold voltage, dielectric breakdown voltage, and the like.
- the film thickness at the bottom of the trench 102a may be thicker than the film thickness at the side surface of the trench 102a. More preferably, the film thickness at the bottom of the trench 102a is at least three times the film thickness at the side surface of the trench 102a. Furthermore, in order to reduce the electric field strength applied to the bottom of the trench 102a, the value may be 4 to 5 times or more.
- the thickness of the gate insulating film 103 on the side surface of the trench 102a may be about 70 nm, and the thickness of the gate insulating film 103 on the bottom of the trench 102a may be about 350 nm to 400 nm.
- the electric field strength applied to the bottom of the trench 102a can be suppressed to about 4 MV / cm.
- the main surface is a (0001) Si surface that allows easy crystal growth
- the thickness of the gate insulating film 103 on the side surface of the trench 102a is about 70 nm.
- the thickness of the SiO 2 film formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor layer 102 by the thermal oxidation method is about 10 nm. Therefore, when the gate electrode 105 has a T-shaped cross section, the gate electrode 105 and the source region 124 come close to each other and the source-gate capacitance increases.
- the thickness of the portion of the gate insulating film 103 formed around the trench 102a is also almost equal to the bottom of the trench 102a.
- the film thickness is about 40 times that when formed on the (0001) Si surface by the thermal oxidation method, and the gate-source capacitance can be reduced to about 1/40.
- the gate-source capacitance can be reduced when the thickness of the portion of the gate insulating film 103 formed around the trench 102a is thicker than the thickness of the portion formed on the side surface of the trench 102a. It is preferable because it is possible.
- the depth of the trench 102a can be reduced when the thickness of the portion of the gate insulating film 103 formed around the trench 102a is thicker than the thickness of the portion formed at the bottom of the trench 102a. Therefore, it is preferable. If the depth of the trench 102a can be reduced, the time required for forming the trench 102a can be shortened. Further, when the depth of the trench 102a is increased and the aspect ratio which is the ratio of the depth and the width is increased, the etching rate is increased in the vicinity of the bottom of the trench 102a, and so-called sub-trench shape deterioration is likely to occur. It is also possible to suppress the generation of sub-trench by reducing the depth of the trench 102a.
- the thickness of the portion (132B) formed around the trench 102a in the gate insulating film 103 is usually larger than the thickness of the portion (132A) formed on the bottom surface of the trench 102a. Further, the thickness of the portion (132B) formed around the trench 102a in the gate insulating film 103 is larger than the thickness of the portion (131) formed on the side surface of the trench 102a.
- a portion (132B) formed around the trench 102a in the gate insulating film 103 is inclined in the vicinity of the trench 102a, and the film thickness gradually increases as the distance from the vicinity of the trench 102a increases. Therefore, the film thickness of the portion formed around the trench 102a in the gate insulating film 103 is the maximum film thickness in the portion formed around the trench 102a.
- the end surface of the trench peripheral portion 132B formed around the trench 102a is set to the main surface of the substrate 101.
- An inclined surface can be formed.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined surface varies about ⁇ 5 degrees, it is about 45 degrees in a portion of at least about 80% excluding the upper end and the lower end of the inclined surface.
- the interface between the second insulating film 132 and the gate electrode 105 at the bottom of the trench 102 a is preferably located below the interface between the drift region 121 and the body region 123. In this way, the second insulating film 132 is not formed on the portion of the body region 123 exposed to the side surface of the trench 102a that becomes the channel region. Therefore, the thick second insulating film hardly affects the threshold voltage or the like.
- the side surface of the trench 102a is exposed to the HDP-CVD source gas. This may change the state of the side surface of the trench 102a. Depending on the conditions of the HDP-CVD method, part of the second insulating film 132 may be deposited on the side surface of the trench 102a. At this time, the second insulating film 132 formed on the side surface of the trench 102a is a film that is sufficiently thinner than the in-trench portion 132A and the trench surrounding portion 132B in the second insulating film 132. For this reason, as shown in FIG.
- 11A after the second insulating film 132 is deposited on the semiconductor layer 102 or after the second insulating film 132 is baked, the second insulating film 132 is wet-etched. May be.
- 11A to 11C are cross-sectional views showing a first modification of the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- the portion modified by the HDP-CVD source gas on the side surface of the trench 102a or the SiO 2 film thinly formed on the side surface of the trench 102a by HDP-CVD is removed. be able to.
- the etching amount of the second insulating film 132 is sufficient to be 30% or less of the thickness of the second insulating film 132.
- the end of the trench peripheral portion 132B in the second insulating film 132 is set back from the end of the trench 102a by t3. Therefore, when the first insulating film 131 is formed, as shown in FIG. 11C, the end portion of the trench peripheral portion 132B and the upper end edge of the trench 102a, that is, the upper end edge of the trench in the first insulating film are formed.
- the interval t1 with the portion is larger than half of the film thickness t2 at the upper end portion of the first insulating film 131.
- the retraction amount of the second insulating film 132 is large, the first insulating film 131 is formed after the surface of the semiconductor layer 102 is exposed. For this reason, the semiconductor layer 102 is not exposed. Since the receding amount is within 30% of the thickness of the second insulating film 132, the area of the region is small and the source-gate capacitance hardly increases.
- FIG. 5 shows a case where the upper end corner of the trench 102a is substantially perpendicular. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the upper end of the trench 102a may be rounded to form a curved surface.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a second modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment. By rounding the upper end portion of the trench 102a, electric field concentration at the upper end portion of the trench 102a can be reduced.
- the upper end portion of the trench 102a can be rounded. Further, it is possible to round the upper end portion by performing annealing in a hydrogen atmosphere after forming the trench 102a having a corner portion under normal etching conditions. Not only the upper end portion of the trench 102a but also the lower end portion may be curved. In this way, electric field concentration at the lower end of the trench 102a can be reduced.
- the trench peripheral portion 132B is formed in a portion where the inclination at the upper end portion of the trench 102a is about 45 degrees or less. Therefore, when the upper portion of the trench 102a is curved, before the first insulating film 131 is formed, the inclination ⁇ 2 of the upper end portion of the trench 102a that contacts the end portion of the trench peripheral portion 132B and the trench peripheral portion 132B are formed. Is equal to the inclination ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a third modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment. In this case, the substantial aspect ratio of the trench 102a when embedding the conductive film 105A is reduced, and the embedding of the conductive film 105A is further facilitated.
- the SiO 2 film formed by the HDP-CVD method is more likely to generate fixed charges at the interface between the SiO 2 film and the semiconductor layer than the SiO 2 film formed by the thermal oxidation method.
- the first insulating film 131 by the thermal oxidation method before the second insulating film 132, generation of fixed charges or the like at the interface between the gate insulating film 103 and the semiconductor layer 102 can be suppressed. Benefits are gained.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view illustrating a fifth modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment. In this case, as shown in FIG. 17, the slope ⁇ 4 of the portion in contact with the end of the trench surrounding portion 132B in the trench 102a where the first insulating film 131 is formed, and the slope ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion of the trench surrounding portion 132B. Matches.
- FIG. 18 is a plan view illustrating a sixth modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- wet etching of the second insulating film 132 is performed, as shown in FIG. 18, the end of the trench peripheral portion 132B is t4 from the upper edge of the trench 102a after the first insulating film 131 is formed.
- the receding amount t4 of the trench peripheral portion 132B substantially matches the etching amount of the second insulating film 132.
- the etching amount of the second insulating film 132 is sufficient to be 30% or less of the thickness of the second insulating film 132. In this case, since the first insulating film 131 is also formed around the trench 102a, there is almost no influence on the gate capacitance if the retraction amount t4 is about 100 nm or less.
- FIG. 19 is a plan view illustrating a seventh modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- the slope ⁇ 5 of the portion in contact with the end of the trench surrounding portion 132B in the trench 102a where the first insulating film 131 is formed is smaller than the slope ⁇ 1 of the inclined portion of the trench surrounding portion 132B.
- the film thickness of the first insulating film 131 varies depending on the plane orientation of the semiconductor layer 102.
- the film thickness of the portion formed on the top surface of the semiconductor layer 102 and the bottom surface of the trench 102a in the first insulating film 131 Is thinner than the thickness of the portion formed on the side surface of the trench 102a.
- the second insulating film 132 is formed on the bottom of the trench 102a and around the trench 102a, there is no problem even if the first insulating film 131 is thin.
- the n-type MISFET has been described.
- a p-type MISFET may be used.
- the conductivity type of the substrate 101, the drift region 121, and the source region 124 may be p-type
- the conductivity type of the body region 123 may be n-type.
- the semiconductor layer 102 may have a region other than the drift region 121, the body region 123, and the source region 124.
- an impurity layer having a conductivity type different from that of the drift region 121 may be provided in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the trench 102a in the drift region 121 for electric field relaxation.
- FIG. 20 is a plan view illustrating an eighth modification of the semiconductor device according to the embodiment.
- the channel layer 125 made of an n-type SiC layer may be formed on the semiconductor layer 102 including the inside of the trench 102a.
- the gate insulating film 103, the gate electrode 105, the source electrode 106, the drain electrode 107, and the like may be formed in the same manner as the MISFET having an inverted channel structure.
- the first insulating film 131 may be formed before the second insulating film 132.
- good Even in the case of having a storage channel structure, wet etching may be performed after the second insulating film 132 is formed, or the upper portion of the trench 102a may be rounded. Further, it may be a p-type MISFET.
- an insulated bipolar transistor (insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor: IGBT) can be formed by making the substrate and the semiconductor layer formed immediately above have different conductivity types.
- the unit cells may be arranged in any manner.
- the planar shape of a trench may be what kind.
- the unit cell may be arranged so that the trench has a planar rectangular shape and the long sides of the plurality of trenches are parallel to each other.
- the substrate 101 is 4H—SiC and the semiconductor layer 102 is formed on the (0001) Si surface is shown.
- the semiconductor layer 102 may be formed on the (000-1) C plane, and the drain electrode 107 may be formed on the (0001) Si plane.
- the plane orientation of the main surface may be another crystal plane.
- other polytype SiC substrates can be used.
- the semiconductor device using SiC has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to a semiconductor device using another wide band gap semiconductor such as gallium nitride (GaN) or diamond. Further, the present invention can be applied to a semiconductor device using silicon.
- GaN gallium nitride
- the present invention can be applied to a semiconductor device using silicon.
- the semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention are useful as various semiconductor devices including a power device and the manufacturing method thereof.
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Abstract
Description
101 基板
102 半導体層
102a トレンチ
103 ゲート絶縁膜
105 ゲート電極
105A 導電膜
106 ソース電極
107 ドレイン電極
121 ドリフト領域
123 ボディ領域
124 ソース領域
125 チャネル層
131 第1の絶縁膜
132 第2の絶縁膜
132A トレンチ内部分
132B トレンチ周囲部分
141 レジスト層
Claims (20)
- 主面側に設けられた半導体層を有する基板を準備する工程と、
前記半導体層にトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記トレンチの側面、前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲にゲート絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記ゲート絶縁膜の上に、前記トレンチを埋め且つ前記トレンチの周囲に拡がった導電膜を形成する工程とを備え、
前記ゲート絶縁膜を形成する工程は、前記トレンチの側面に第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲に高密度プラズマ化学気相成長法を用いて第2の絶縁膜を形成する工程とを含み、前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲に形成された部分の膜厚を、前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの側面に形成された部分よりも厚くし、
前記導電膜を形成する工程において、前記導電膜と、前記第1の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの側面の上に形成された部分とは接するように形成する、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程は、前記第2の絶縁膜を形成する工程よりも後に行う、請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程は、前記第2の絶縁膜を形成する工程よりも先に行う、請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記トレンチを形成する工程は、前記トレンチの上端角部を丸める工程を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記導電膜を形成する工程よりも前に、前記第2の絶縁膜をウェットエッチングする工程をさらに備え、
前記第2の絶縁膜のエッチング量は、前記第2の絶縁膜の膜厚の30%以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記基板を準備する工程において、前記半導体層は、第1導電型のドリフト領域と、前記ドリフト領域の上に設けられた第2導電型のボディ領域とを有するようにし、
前記トレンチを形成する工程において、前記トレンチの底部は、前記ドリフト領域と前記ボディ領域との界面より下側で且つ前記ドリフト領域の下面よりも上側に位置するようにし、
前記ゲート絶縁膜を形成する工程において、前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの底部に形成された部分の上面は、前記ドリフト領域と前記ボディ領域との界面よりも下側とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記半導体層は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体からなる、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素からなる、請求項7に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記基板は炭化珪素基板であり、前記主面はシリコン面である、請求項8に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 基板と、
前記基板の主面側に設けられた半導体層と、
前記半導体層に設けられたトレンチと、
前記トレンチの側面、前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲に設けられたゲート絶縁膜と、
前記トレンチを埋め且つ前記トレンチの周囲に拡がるように、前記ゲート絶縁膜の上に設けられた導電膜とを備え、
前記ゲート絶縁膜は、前記トレンチの側面に設けられた第1の絶縁膜と、前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた第2の絶縁膜とを有し、
前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた部分の膜厚は、前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの側面に設けられた部分よりも厚く、
前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた部分は、前記トレンチ側の端部から次第に厚さが厚くなる傾斜部を有し、前記傾斜部の前記基板の主面に対する傾斜角度は、45±5度であり、
前記導電膜と、前記第1の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの側面に形成された部分とは接している、半導体装置。 - 前記第1の絶縁膜は、前記トレンチの側面と、前記トレンチの底部及び前記トレンチの周囲とに形成されている、請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた部分の前記トレンチ側の端部の位置と、前記第1の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの上端縁である部分の位置とは一致している、請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた部分の前記トレンチ側の端部と、前記第1の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの上端縁である部分との間隔は、前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチの周辺に設けられた部分の厚さの30%以下である、請求項11に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記トレンチの上端部は、丸みを帯び、
前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチ側の端部と接する部分の接線の前記基板の主面に対する角度は、前記傾斜部の前記傾斜角度と同じである、請求項11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記トレンチの上端部は、丸みを帯び、
前記第2の絶縁膜における前記トレンチ側の端部と接する部分の接線の前記基板の主面に対する角度は、前記傾斜部の前記傾斜角度よりも小さい、請求項11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層は、第1導電型のドリフト領域と、前記ドリフト領域の上に設けられた第2導電型のボディ領域とを有し、
前記トレンチの底部は、前記ドリフト領域と前記ボディ領域との界面より下側で且つ前記ドリフト領域の下面よりも上側に位置し、
前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの底部に形成された部分の上面は、前記ドリフト領域と前記ボディ領域との界面よりも下側である、請求項10~15のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体により構成される、請求項10~16のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素により構成される、請求項17に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基板は炭化珪素基板であり、前記主面はシリコン面である、請求項18に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの周囲に設けられた部分の膜厚は、前記ゲート絶縁膜における前記トレンチの底部に設けられた部分の膜厚よりも厚い、請求項10~19のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
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