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WO2012159264A1 - 一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012159264A1
WO2012159264A1 PCT/CN2011/074601 CN2011074601W WO2012159264A1 WO 2012159264 A1 WO2012159264 A1 WO 2012159264A1 CN 2011074601 W CN2011074601 W CN 2011074601W WO 2012159264 A1 WO2012159264 A1 WO 2012159264A1
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Prior art keywords
fmoc
product
signal
polymer
self
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PCT/CN2011/074601
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴立军
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Dai Lijun
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Application filed by Dai Lijun filed Critical Dai Lijun
Priority to PCT/CN2011/074601 priority Critical patent/WO2012159264A1/zh
Priority to US14/119,527 priority patent/US20150031046A1/en
Priority to CN201180024244.8A priority patent/CN102985825B/zh
Publication of WO2012159264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012159264A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54313Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
    • G01N33/54346Nanoparticles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/34Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
    • C12Q1/37Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase involving peptidase or proteinase
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/5306Improving reaction conditions, e.g. reduction of non-specific binding, promotion of specific binding
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/536Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase
    • G01N33/542Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with steric inhibition or signal modification, e.g. fluorescent quenching
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54306Solid-phase reaction mechanisms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54353Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/58Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
    • G01N33/582Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of biological detection, and particularly relates to a heterogeneous biological analysis reagent and a using method thereof. Background technique
  • the bioanalytical reagent is divided into an antigen-binding reagent (B) and an antigen-free reagent (F), or a combined (B) and free (F); The content of the antigen in the specimen is detected.
  • B antigen-binding reagent
  • F antigen-free reagent
  • B and F have different characteristics and can be measured without separation. This is homogeneous.
  • Both homogeneous and heterogeneous immunoassays have their own characteristics in the design of automated systems. Most marker immunoassays are heterogeneous. The most commonly used means of separation of B and F is the washing of the solid support.
  • the existing heterogeneous biological analysis reagent indirectly fixes the target (A) to be detected to the solid directly or through an adaptor (such as B, target detector 2) capable of binding to the target.
  • an adaptor such as B, target detector 2
  • a heterogeneous bioassay that is capable of binding to the target directly or indirectly through an adapter is fixed by the target, and then the unbound heterogeneous bioassay reagent is washed away;
  • the signal generating unit in the signal generator emits a signal under the action of an external signal generating source, and calculates the target content based on the detected signal intensity.
  • contrast reagents such as organic fluorescent dyes, including fluorescein, rhodamine and the like.
  • Organic fluorescent dyes have higher fluorescence efficiency and longer excitation wavelength, but are easy to photobleach, and the fluorescence self-quenching effect is severe in the coupling with biomolecules.
  • Other commonly used contrast agents have similar problems, and the contrast agents interact with each other to cause a decrease in the intensity of the emitted signal. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides a heterogeneous biological analysis reagent and a method for using the same, which solves the problem that the contrast molecules of the contrast agent existing in the prior art interact with each other to cause a low signal intensity.
  • the contrast reagent in the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent does not affect each other, and can emit a strong signal, thereby improving the sensitivity of the biological analysis and having high stability.
  • the heterogeneous bioanalytical reagent is simple and accurate to use.
  • a biological analysis reagent comprising a target detector and a signal generator, wherein the target detector and the signal generator are connected in three ways, (1) directly connected; (2) through a linker or A spacer (Spacer) or an adapter (Adaptor) is indirectly coupled; (3) indirectly coupled by a carrier, the signal generator comprising the following formula:
  • the number of trigger switches is a non-negative integer.
  • the z trigger switches can be the same or different, but only when the first trigger switch near the pi end is turned on, the second trigger switch at the pi end can be Open, then third, and so on;
  • pi is the end group protecting group of the trigger switch, and may also represent the interface between it and the target detector; y: the number of pi, the value is 0 or 1;
  • (LS) N is a self-immolative linker or spacer, N LSs may be the same or different, and N is a non-negative integer;
  • (4) p2 is a terminal protecting group of a degradable polymer, and may also represent an interface between it and a target detector;
  • the signal generator is in a latent state during the wash separation process (the contrast reagent emits a weak signal or no signal when excited by an external signal source), and after the separation process is finished, the latent is added by adding or applying a trigger contrast reagent to the analysis system.
  • An induced substance or condition that enters an excited state to directly degrade the polymer or The trigger is turned on in sequence to degrade the polymer (if necessary and the necessary external source is turned on) to excite or significantly enhance the detection signal.
  • the degradable polymer is a linear or technical polymer carrier
  • the latent contrast agent supported on the polymer includes a fluorescent or color changing dye, a luminescent substrate, an ultrasonic reagent, MRI/PET I CT/SPECT reagent.
  • a biological analysis reagent according to claim 2 characterized in that the signal generator is composed of the following formula, X(F)-p2, wherein
  • X(F) is a linear or technical bioenzymatic degradation polymer carrying a fluorescent dye molecule by a covalent bond, and the fluorescent dye molecule is significantly weakened by self-quenching or electron-withdrawing effect.
  • the bioenzyme degrades the polymer and eliminates self-quenching while releasing the fluorescence.
  • a biological analysis reagent according to claim 2 characterized in that the signal generator is composed of the following formula: pi-X(F)-p2, wherein
  • X(F) is a linear or technical bioenzymatic degradation polymer carrying a fluorescent dye molecule by a covalent bond, and the fluorescent dye molecule is significantly weakened by self-quenching or electron-withdrawing effect.
  • the bioenzyme degrades the polymer and eliminates self-quenching while releasing the fluorescence.
  • p2 is an X (F) end group protecting group or an interface with a target detector
  • (AA) n is the trigger switch domain composed of the enzyme substrate domain, n is a positive integer Number, the enzyme cuts the signal generator from (into and ⁇ : ⁇ ; or when (LS) N does not exist, the enzyme cuts the signal generator from (into: ⁇ and X(F) open;
  • ( LS) N is a self-degrading linker or spacer.
  • ⁇ LS may be the same or different, ⁇ is a non-negative integer;
  • pi is an end group protecting group of (AA) n and may also represent an interface portion with a target detector;
  • X(F) is a linear or technically degradable polymer carrying a fluorescent dye molecule, and the fluorescent dye molecules are significantly weakened by self-quenching or electron-withdrawing effects.
  • the repeating unit of the polymer carrier is connected, and its fluorescence emission intensity is significantly weakened by self-quenching;
  • cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme family caspase family protease: caspases-l, 2, 3,6,7,8,9,10andl2
  • DPPIV dipeptidyl peptidase 4
  • calpain calpain
  • chymotrypsin serine protea
  • tryptase serine protease
  • HDACs histone deacetylases
  • deacetylases sirtuins
  • ⁇ - glucuronidase ⁇ - galactosides --galacosidase
  • lipase esterase , protease
  • protease plasmin
  • bacterial carboxypeptidase G2 antibody Enzyme (also known as catalytic antibody).
  • the type II biological enzyme includes a biological enzyme that cleaves ⁇ -amino:protected lysine.
  • Type I biological enzyme and corresponding ( ⁇ ) ⁇ , trigger switch ( ⁇ ) ⁇ is an amino acid or a derivative thereof
  • Z carboxylbenzyl
  • Sue succinyl
  • Ac acetyl
  • X(F) is a degradable polymer carrying a contrast agent, and AA is an amino acid or a derivative thereof. (Into: ⁇ and X(F) may contain one or more Self-immolative Linker or Spacer. Table 2, type I biological enzymes and corresponding (AA) n , trigger switches (eight eight ⁇ is a non-amino acid and its derivatives
  • n is an enzyme substrate domain, and n is a non-negative integer
  • N LSs may be the same or different, and region N is a non-negative integer
  • pl is an end group protecting group of (AA) n and may also represent an interface portion with a target detector;
  • P2 is an ⁇ -gas-based protecting group, including t-butyloxycarbonyl, acetyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, or benzyloxycarbonyl or H or a dye molecule (dye),
  • p2 P3, which is the interface with the target detector or -NH 2 or other small molecule or macromolecular fragment;
  • the dye molecule (dye) is a self-quenching dye, and m is greater than or equal to 1. Integer.
  • a bioanalytical reagent according to claim 10 characterized in that the polylysine is cleaved from the C-stage with ⁇ -amino unprotected lysine by Trypsin to degrade it into a fluorescent dye-a- The lysine monomer, thereby allowing the self-quenching of the dye to disappear and release fluorescence.
  • bioanalytical reagent according to claim 6 wherein the degradable polymer is a self-degrading polymer, and a self-degrading agent that releases an excited state.
  • cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme family caspase family protease: caspases- l,2,3,6,7,8,9,10andl2
  • DPPIV dipeptidyl peptidase 4
  • calpain calpain
  • chymotrypsin serine protease
  • tryptase serine protease
  • HDACs histone deacetylases
  • deacetylases sirtuins
  • ⁇ - glucuronidase ⁇ - galactosides --galacosidase
  • lipase esterase , protease
  • protease plasmin
  • bacterial carboxypeptidase G2 antibody Catalytic antibody (also known as catalytic antibody).
  • Catalytic antibody also known as catalytic antibody. Tables 1 and 2 list the type I biological enzymes and the corresponding (AA) n .
  • the present invention provides a heterogeneous biological analysis reagent, characterized in that the target detector in the above technical solution 10 is an antibody or an effective fragment thereof, and the carrier is a nanoparticle having a surface carrying -NH 2 .
  • the signal generator includes the following structure:
  • (AA) n DEVD
  • pi Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine
  • P 2 in the X(F) structure is a Cy7 dye
  • p2 is -NH 2
  • the dye molecule is Cy7
  • m 9.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a heterogeneous biological assay reagent according to the above aspect 16, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • the signal generator was synthesized according to the following procedure: CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys) 10- NH 2 peptide synthesis was performed using Applied Biosystems, Inc. (ABI) 433A Automated Solid Phase Synthesizer , using solid phase peptide synthesis Fmoc method, insoluble carrier resin, Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel solid phase synthetic resin (AnaSpec, USA company), HBTU/HOBt ( 0.45 M in DMF ) / DIPEA ( 2 M DIPEA in NMP ) Or HATU / DIPEA as activator, piperidine as a deprotecting agent; 10 times the molar amount of the appropriately protected amino acid (Immol amino acid) in a small plastic bottle; NMP is used as a coupling The solvent in the process, and dichloromethane (DCM) is used to clean the solid phase resin (before the coupling reaction and after the coupling reaction);
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • the resin is treated with 2% hydrazine solution.
  • TIS Triisopropylsilane Triisopropyl
  • TFA Trifluoroacetic acid trifluoroacetic acid
  • DIPEA N, N-Diisopropylethylamine N , N-diisopropylethylamine DIEA (N-diisopropylethylamine)
  • NMP N-methylpyrrolidone 1 -methyl-2-indole ketone
  • HBTU 2-(1 H-Benzotriazole- 1 -yl)- 1,1,3,3 -tetramethyluroniumHexafluorophosphate benzotriazole - hydrazine, hydrazine, hydrazine, ⁇ '-tetramethyluron hexafluorophosphate
  • Sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane- 1 -carboxylate (Sulfo-SMCC) is converted to maleimide (maleimide), and then excess SMCC or (Sulfo-SMCC) is removed;
  • step (3) adding the product of step (3) to the product of step (2), the -SH functional group produced in step (3) and the maleimide carried by the nanoparticles in step (2) in a buffer of pH 6-8
  • a compound such as PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide, gently stirred at 2-8 ° C for 10-300 minutes;
  • the signal generator system then adds an auxiliary agent which stabilizes the target product to the target product, and stores the product at a low temperature.
  • the present invention provides a heterogeneous biological analysis reagent, characterized in that the target detector in the above technical solution 10 is an antibody or an effective fragment thereof, and the carrier is a nanoparticle having a surface carrying -NH 2 .
  • the signal generator includes the following structure:
  • (AA) n DEVD
  • pi Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine
  • P2 in the X(F) structure is Cy7 dye
  • p2 is -NH 2
  • Cy7 Cy7
  • m 9
  • the feature is that the method comprises the following steps:
  • the signal generator is synthesized according to the following procedure: CGGDEVD-(LS) N - (Cy7-a-Lys) 10 -NH 2 Solid phase synthesis process:
  • the resin was treated with 2% hydrazine solution to protect the Dde group in Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH; 30 mmol Cy7-NHS (produced by GE Healthcare) was added. After 1 hour, the resin was washed successively with DMF/DCM. Post-treatment is the same as the technical solution 18; (3) the passage of -NH 2 carried on the nanoparticles
  • SMCC SMCC
  • Sulfo-SMCC is converted to maleimide (maleimide), and then excess SMCC or (Sulfo-SMCC) is removed;
  • step (4) adding the product of step (4) to the product of step (3), and producing - SH officer of step (4)
  • a Maleimide functional group such as PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide
  • kits (package) for a signal generator based on the first aspect of the invention comprising using the biological enzymes listed in Tables 1 and 2 and corresponding (AA) n .
  • the contrast reagent (also known as the signal generating unit) in the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent provided by the invention cannot directly emit a strong signal under the action of the external signal generating source, and further induces the substance or changes the test.
  • the condition degrades the polymer carrying a large number of contrast reagents, and the contrast reagent is in a free state to emit a strong signal.
  • the method for using the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent is simple and accurate.
  • the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent provided by the invention has two major advantages. One can be not limited to the self-quenching of the fluorescent dye, and can load as many dye molecules as possible, and the second can be effective. Auto-Bleaching of dye molecules.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the existing heterogeneous biological analysis reagent
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the composition of the signal generator of the present invention and the use of the existing signal generator different;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the action mechanism of the polymer in the signal generator of the present invention as an enzymatic degradation polymer
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the action mechanism of the polymer in the signal generator of the present invention as a self-degrading polymer
  • the contrast reagent (also referred to as the signal generating unit) in the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent provided by the invention cannot directly emit a strong signal in the action of the external signal generating source, and further needs to add the inducing substance or change the test condition so as to carry a plurality of contrast reagents.
  • the polymer degrades and the contrast reagent is in a free state before it emits a strong signal. We call it the signal generating unit from the latent state to the excited state.
  • the signal generator in the latent state the contrast reagent has no signal or emits a weak signal
  • the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent is used as follows: After the separation step in the process of using the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent, directly Type II biological enzyme is added, the type II biological enzyme includes Trypsin; the polylysine cleaves ⁇ -amino unprotected lysine from the C-terminus with Trypsin, and degrades it into a fluorescent dye- ⁇ -lysine single The body, so that the self-quenching of the dye disappears and the fluorescence is released; then, the external signal source is activated to read the signal or directly read the signal (the signal emitted by itself, such as the signal is illuminating).
  • the type I biological enzyme is first added to cut ( ⁇ ) ⁇ with (LS)N or X(F), after which Adding type II bio-enzyme to degrade poly-lysine into fluorescent dye- ⁇ -lysine monomer, so that the self-quenching of the dye disappears and releases fluorescence; then, the external signal source is activated to read the signal or directly read Signal (a signal emitted by itself, such as a signal that emits light).
  • the polymer in the signal generator of the present invention is a self-degrading polymer, first adding a type I biological enzyme to cut ( ⁇ ) ⁇ with (LS)N or X(F), and then wait Immediately following the linear or technical self-degrading polymer to automatically degrade and release the free dye; then, start the external signal source to read the letter The signal is read directly (the signal emitted by itself, such as the signal is illuminated).
  • the heterogeneous biological analysis reagent is synthesized, comprising the following steps: (1) synthesizing the signal generator according to the technical scheme 12: CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys) 10 -NH 2
  • the step (4) is passed through Superdex 200 to collect the target product: (Goat-anti-rabbit IgG) x - nanoparticle-[CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys) 1Q -NH 2 ] y , and then to the target An auxiliary agent which stabilizes the target product is added to the product, and the product is stored at a low temperature.
  • the rabbit immunoglobulin nitrocellulose membrane obtained in the step (1) was placed in 10 ml of PBS buffer containing 5% by weight of milk, and after shaking for 10 minutes, the immunoglobulin was washed with the above PBS. The protein membrane was washed three times, then the buffer was drained and the nitrocellulose membrane was retained.
  • the rabbit immunoglobulin nitrocellulose membrane obtained in the step (2) was placed in a solution containing 15 pmol (calculated as nanoparticles) of the heterogeneous analysis reagent obtained in Example 1 and 5% milk in 10 ml of PBS buffer for 30 minutes. , then pour off the buffer and leave the nitrocellulose membrane.
  • Axxora humanized recombinant Caspase-3 (human recombinant, Lyophilized, active.) was dissolved in 15% glycerol PBS solution, then diluted in 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.2, 50 mM NaCl, 0.1% CHAPS, lOmM EDTA In a solution of 5% glycerol and lOmM DTT, a lU/ ⁇ caspase 3 solution was obtained.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用方法,以提高分析试剂发出的信号的强度。该生物分析试剂包括靶物检测器与信号发生器,所述信号发生器由下式表示:(p1)y-(触发开关)z-(LS)N-以共价键偶合携带有潜伏态对比度试剂的可降解聚合物-p2。其中p1为触发开关的端基保护基团,LS为自降解型连接物或间隔体,p2为可降解聚合物的端基保护基团,y为0或1,Z、N为非负整数。所述信号发生器在洗涤分离过程中处于潜伏态,在分离过程结束后,通过向分析体系中加入或施加触发对比度试剂从潜伏态进入激发态的诱发物质或条件,以直接降解聚合物或者按顺序开启触发开关后再降解聚合物,从而导致检测信号激发出来或显著增强。该异相生物分析试剂的灵敏度和稳定性较高。该异相生物分析试剂使用方法简单,准确。

Description

一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明属于生物检测领域,具体涉及一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用方法。 背景技术
在生物检测分析过程中, 按分析过程的不同, 可分为均相 (homogenous ) 和异相 (heterogenous )两大类。 如, 待检测标本中的抗原与生物分析试剂中的 抗体反应后, 形成结合的抗原抗体复合物。 这样, 生物分析试剂分为与抗原结 合的试剂 (B )和未与抗原结合的试剂 (F ), 或称结合的 (B ) 和游离的 (F ); 测定两者之一即可计算出待检测标本中抗原的含量。 在一般情况下需将结合的 ( B )和游离的 (F )分离后再进行测定, 此为异相。 在特殊情况下, B和 F具 有不同的特性, 不必分离即可进行测定, 此为均相。 均相和异相两种免疫测定 在自动化系统的设计中具有各自的特点。 大部分标记免疫测定均属异相。 最常 用的 B和 F的分离手段为固相载体的洗涤。
如图 1 所示, 现有的异相生物分析试剂将待检测靶物 (A ) 直接或者通过 能与靶物相互结合的适配器 (Adaptor) (如 B, 靶物检测器 2 ) 间接固定于固体 表面; 异相生物分析中的能与靶物直接或间接通过适配器相结合的检测器(靶 物检测器 1 )通过靶物固定下来后, 再洗去未结合的异相生物分析试剂; 最后, 信号发生器里的信号发生单元在外部信号发生源的作用下发出信号, 根据检测 信号强度来计算靶物的含量。
现有的信号发生器多为对比度试剂, 如有机荧光染料, 包括荧光素、 罗丹 明等。 有机荧光染料荧光效率较高、激发波长较长,但是容易光漂白,在和生物分 子的偶联中荧光自猝灭效应严重。 其它常用的对比度试剂也有类似的问题, 对 比度试剂单个分子之间相互影响, 造成发出的信号强度降低。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明为解决现有技术中存在的对比度试剂单个分子之间相互 影响, 造成发出的信号强度较低的缺陷, 提供一种异相生物分析试剂及其使用 方法。 该异相生物分析试剂中的对比度试剂单个分子之间不会相互影响, 能够 发出较强的信号, 进而提高生物分析的灵敏度, 并具有较高的稳定性。 该异相 生物分析试剂使用方法简单, 准确。
为了达到上述目的, 本发明釆用下述技术方案:
1、 一种生物分析试剂, 包括靶物检测器与信号发生器, 所述靶物检测器与信号 发生器通过三种方式相连, ( 1 )直接相连; ( 2 )通过连接物 (linker) 或间隔 体 (Spacer)或者适配器(Adaptor ) 间接相偶合; ( 3 )通过载体间接相偶合, 所 述信号发生器包含下式组成:
(pl)y- (触发开关) z-(LS)N -以共价键偶合携带有潜伏态对比度试剂的可降解聚合 物 -p2
其中,
(1) Z: 触发开关的数目, 为非负整数, z个触发开关可以相同, 也可不同, 但 是只有当靠近 pi端的第一个触发开关被打开后, pi端的第二个触发开关才能 被打开, 然后第三个, 以此类推;
( 2 ) pi 为触发开关的端基保护基团, 也可以代表其与靶物检测器之间的衔接 部分; y: pi的数目, 其值为 0或 1 ;
( 3 ) ( LS)N为自降解型( Self-immolative )连接物或间隔体, N个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, N是非负整数;
( 4 ) p2 为可降解聚合物的端基保护基团, 也可以代表其与靶物检测器之间的 衔接部分;
所述信号发生器在洗涤分离过程中处于潜伏态 (对比度试剂在外部信号源激发 下发出较弱信号或无信号),在分离过程结束后, 通过向分析体系中加入或施加 触发对比度试剂从潜伏态进入激发态的诱发物质或条件以直接降解聚合物或者 按顺序开启触发开关后再降解聚合物(必要时并开启必须的外部信号源), 将检 测信号激发出来或显著增强。
2、 一种如技术方案 1所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 所述靶物检测器, 包括 抗体或其有效片断, 蛋白, 多肽, DNA中的一种或两种以上或者它们所形成的 复合体 (complex) , 所述可降解聚合物为线型或技状聚合物载体, 负载于所述 聚合物上的处于潜伏态的对比度试剂包括荧光或变色染料、 发光底物、 超声波 试剂、 MRI/PET I CT/SPECT试剂。
3、 一种如技术方案 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 其信号发生器由下式组 成, X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) X(F)为以共价键携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状生物酶降解聚合物,所带荧 光染料分子由于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱, 生物酶能 降解聚合物并消除自淬灭, 同时将荧光释放出来。
(2) p2为与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
4、 一种如技术方案 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 其信号发生器由下式组 成 pi— X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) X(F)为以共价键携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状生物酶降解聚合物,所带荧 光染料分子由于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱, 生物酶能 降解聚合物并消除自淬灭, 同时将荧光释放出来。
(2) pi为 X (F)端基保护基团或与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(3) p2为 X (F)端基保护基团或与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
5、 一种如技术方案 3和 4所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特点是, 当传统 异相生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结束后, 启动外部信号源前(有时不 需要此步),先加入使聚合物降解的所述生物酶, 然后启动外部信号源读取信号 或者直接读取信号 (自生信号, 如信号为发光);
6、 一种如技术方案 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 其信号发生器由下式组 成 p 1 -(AA)n-(LS)N-X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) ( AA)n为酶底物区域 (enzyme substrate domain)组成的触发开关域, n是正整 数, 酶将信号发生器从 (入入 与^^:^之间割开; 或者当 (LS)N不存在时, 酶将信 号发生器从 (入入:^与 X(F)之间割开;
(2) ( LS)N为自降解型连接物或间隔体 , Ν个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, Ν是非 负整数;
(3) pi为 (AA)n的端基保护基团, 也可以代表与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(4) X(F)为携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状可降解聚合物,所带荧光染料分子由 于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱。
7、 一种如技术方案 6所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 所述线型或技状聚合物 为生物酶降解聚合物,所述荧光染料以共价键与所述线型或技状聚合物载体的 重复单元相连, 其荧光发射强度由于自淬灭而显著削弱;
8、 一种如技术方案 6所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特点是, 当传统异相 生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结束后, 启动外部信号源前(有时不需要 此步), 先作以下准备工作: 先加入 I型生物酶将 ( :^与^^:^割开或当 (LS)N 不存在时将 (入入:^与 X(F)割开, 再加入促进紧随其后的线型或技状聚合物载体 降解的 II型生物酶, 然后启动外部信号源读取信号或者直接读取信号 (自生信 号, 如信号为发光);
9、 一种如技术方案 8所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 所述 I型生物酶包括含 半胱氨酸 的天冬氨酸蛋 白 水解酶家族(caspase 家族蛋 白 酶: caspases-l,2,3,6,7,8,9,10andl2), 二肽肽酶 IV(dipeptidyl peptidase4,DPPIV) ,钙蛋 白酶 ( calpain ),胰凝乳蛋白酶( chymotrypsin ), 丝氣酸蛋白酶( serine protease ), 组织蛋白酶 (Cathepsins B,K and L), 分泌颗粒酶 B(granzyme B) , 非典型肺炎蛋 白酶 ( SARSprotease ), 激肽释放酶 ( kallikrein ), 凝血酶 (thrombin ), 氨基肽 酶 ( Aminopeptidase ) , 丝氣酸氣月太酶 (serine aminopeptidase) , 类胰蛋白酶
( tryptase ) , 丝氣酸蛋白酶 ( serine protease ) , 组蛋白去乙酰化酶 ( histone deacetylases,HDACs ),去乙酰化酶( sirtuins ), β-葡萄糖醛酸酶( β-glucuronidase ), β-半乳糖苷酶 ( β-galacosidase ) , 脂肪酶 (lipase ) , 酯酶 (esterase ), 蛋白酶
( protease ), 纤溶酶 (plasmin ),细菌羧肽酶 G2 ( carboxypeptidase G2 ) , 抗体 酶( antibody, 又称催化抗体)。 所述 II型生物酶包括可切割 ε-氨基未: 保护的赖氨酸的生物酶。
下面表 1和表 2列出了 I型生物酶及对应的 (ΑΑ)η
一、 I型生物酶及对应的 (ΑΑ)η , 触发开关 (ΑΑ)η为氨基酸或其衍生物
Figure imgf000007_0001
注意, 表一中:
Key: Z = carboxylbenzyl; Sue = succinyl; Ac = acetyl;
Boc = t-butyloxycarbamate; I = isoleucine; nL= norLeucine
All other capital letters are standard single-letter amino acid abbreviations.
pi—为 N-端基保护基团, 这些端基在信号发生器组装过程中可免去, X(F) 为携带有对比度试剂的可降解聚合物, AA 为氨基酸或其衍生物。(入入:^与 X(F) 之间可包含一个或两个以上自降解连接体 ( Self-immolative Linker or Spacer )。 表二、 I型生物酶及对应的 (AA)n,触发开关 (八八^为非氨基酸及其衍生物
X-(AA)n X-Linder-(AA)n
β-glucuronidase
Figure imgf000008_0001
β-galactosidase x一 0 - Ac lipase/esterase
lipase/esterase
xypeptidase G2
lytic antibody
Figure imgf000008_0002
catalytic antibody 注意, 表二中:
Key: Glu=carbohydrate glucoronide; Gal = galactose
10、 一种如技术方案 7所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 信号发生器包括 pl-(AA)n-(LS)N-X(F)-p2,
X(F)-p2=
替换页 (细则第 26条)
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000009_0002
Figure imgf000009_0003
其中:
(1) ( AA)n为酶底物区域(enzyme substrate domain), n是非负整数;
(2) ( 1^^为自降解型连接物或间隔体, N个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, 区域 N 是非负整数;
(3) pl为 (AA)n的端基保护基团, 也可以代表与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(4) P2是 α -氣基保护基团,包括 t-butyloxycarbonyl, acetyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, 或 benzyloxycarbonyl或 H或染料分子 ( dye ),
(5) p2=P3,是与靶物检测器衔接部分或 -NH2或其他小分子或大分子片断;
(6)染料分子(dye )为自淬灭染料 (Self-quenching dye), m为大于或等于 1的 整数。
11、一种如技术方案 10所述的生物分析试剂,其特点是,所述聚赖氨酸用 Trypsin 从 C段切割 ε-氨基未受保护的赖氨酸将其降解为荧光染料 -a-赖氨酸单体, 从而 使染料的自淬灭消失并释放出荧光。
12、 一种如技术方案 6所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 所述可降解聚合物为 自降解聚合物, 能自动降解 (Self-immolative degradation)而释放出激发态的对比 度试剂。
13、 一种如技术方案 12所述的生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 所述荧光染料以共价 键与所述线型或技状聚合物载体的重复单元相连, 其荧光发射强度由于吸电子 效应而显著削弱。
14、 一种如技术方案 12所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特点是, 当传统异 相生物分析试剂使用过程的分离步骤结束后, 启动外部信号源前(有时不需要 此步), 先加入 I型生物酶将 ( :^与^^:^或将 ( :^与 X(F)割开 (当 (LS)N 存在时),然后等待紧随其后的线型或技状聚合物自动降解而释放出游离态的染 料。 最后, 启动外部信号源读取信号或者直接读取信号 (自生信号, 如信号为 发光)。
15、 一种如技术方案 14所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特点是, 所述 I型 生物酶包括含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶家族 (caspase 家族蛋白酶: caspases-l,2,3,6,7,8,9,10andl2), 二肽肽酶 IV(dipeptidyl peptidase4,DPPIV) ,钙蛋 白酶 ( calpain ),胰凝乳蛋白酶( chymotrypsin ), 丝氣酸蛋白酶( serine protease ), 组织蛋白酶 (Cathepsins B,K and L), 分泌颗粒酶 B(granzyme B) , 非典型肺炎蛋 白酶 ( SARSprotease ), 激肽释放酶 ( kallikrein ), 凝血酶 (thrombin ), 氨基肽 酶 ( Aminopeptidase ) , 丝氣酸氣月太酶 (serine aminopeptidase) , 类胰蛋白酶
( tryptase ) , 丝氣酸蛋白酶 ( serine protease ) , 组蛋白去乙酰化酶 ( histone deacetylases,HDACs ),去乙酰化酶( sirtuins ), β-葡萄糖醛酸酶( β-glucuronidase ), β-半乳糖苷酶 ( β-galacosidase ) , 脂肪酶 (lipase ) , 酯酶 (esterase ), 蛋白酶
( protease ), 纤溶酶 (plasmin ),细菌羧肽酶 G2 ( carboxypeptidase G2 ) , 抗体 酶( catalytic antibody, 又称催化抗体)。 表 1和表 2列出了 I型生物酶及对应的 (AA)n
16、 本发明提供一种异相生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 上述技术方案 10中所述靶 物检测器为抗体或其有效片段, 所述载体为表面携带有 -NH2的纳米粒子, 所述 信号发生器包括下述结构:
pl-(AA)n- X(F)-p2,
其中: (AA)n=DEVD, pi为 Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine, 所述 X(F)结构中的 P2是 Cy7染料, p2是 -NH2, 染料分子为 Cy7, m=9。
17、本发明提供一种上述技术方案 16所述的异相生物分析试剂的制备方法, 其 特点是, 该方法包括下述步骤:
(1) 按下列程序合成所述信号发生器: CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys)10-NH2 多肽合成是使用应用生物系统公司( Applied Biosystems, Inc (ABI ) 的 433A 全自动固相合成仪, 使用固相多肽合成 Fmoc 方法, 不溶载体树脂釆用 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel 固相合成树脂 (AnaSpec, USA 公司生产的), HBTU/HOBt ( 0.45 M in DMF ) /DIPEA ( 2 M DIPEA in NMP )或者 HATU / DIPEA作为活化剂, 哌啶(Piperidine )作为去保护剂; 10倍于树脂(O.lmmol 树脂)摩尔量的恰当保护的氨基酸(Immol氨基酸)装在小塑料瓶中; NMP用 作偶合过程中的溶剂, 而二氯甲烷(DCM )用来清洗固相树脂 (偶合反应前与 偶合反应后);
固相合成过程:
( a )加载第一个氨基酸到 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel树脂上。 先用 20% Piperidine DMF 溶液除去 TentaGel 树脂(O.lmmol)上的 Fmoc 基团, 然后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。 再向树脂溶液里加 Immol Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH ( BaChem, USA公司生产的), Immol 的 DICI与 Immol 的 HOBT DMF 溶液, 室温反应 2-5小时,用 DMF/DCM/甲醇 ( Methanol ) /DCM依次洗涤树脂后, 向树脂中 力口入 3mmol 的苯甲酸酐( benzoic anhydride ), 反应 30分钟后, 再次依前述步 ( b )依次将下列氨基酸 (每种氨基酸均取 lmmol)按下列顺序放于 ABI 433A 自 动合成仪氨基酸轨道上: (N-端) Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH,
Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-Val-OH
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH , [Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH]10 ( C-端);
固相自动合成结束后, 用 2% 的肼(Hydrazine)溶液来处理树脂去保护
Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH里的 Dde基团;加入 30 mmol Cy7-NHS (GE Healthcare公司 生产的), 反应 1小时后, 先后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。
聚合物在氩气保护下从树脂上割下: 每 lOO mg 载有多肽的树脂,加入 lml 的下列比例的混合物: (TFA: water: Tis = 95:2.5:2.5 ); 树脂混合物溶液随后被室 温下摇晃 2小时; 随后将混合物溶液过滤除去树脂后,逐滴加入冰冷的二乙醚, 多肽沉析出来, 经过多次离心分离与洗涤, 多肽最后干燥;
合成上述信号发生器步骤中缩写词的全称及译文如下:
TIS: Triisopropylsilane三异丙基 嫁
TFA: Trifluoroacetic acid三氟乙酸
HOBt: 1-Hydroxylformamidel-羟基苯并三氮唑一水物
DMF: N, N-DimethylformamideN,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DCM: Dicholoromethane二氯甲烷
DIPEA (DIEA): N, N-DiisopropylethylamineN , N-二异丙基乙胺 DIEA(N-二异丙 基乙胺)
NMP: N-methylpyrrolidone 1 -甲基 -2-卩比哈嫁酮
HATU:
2-(7-Aza- 1 H-benzotriazole- 1 -yl)- 1,1,3 ,3-tetramethyluroniumHexafluorophosphate2-
(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑) -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
HBTU: 2-(1 H-Benzotriazole- 1 -yl)- 1,1,3,3 -tetramethyluroniumHexafluorophosphate 苯并三氮唑 -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
DICI: N,N'-DiisopropylcarbodiimideN,N'-二异丙基碳二亚胺
(2)所述纳米粒子上所携带的 -NH2通过 Succinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane- 1 -carboxylate ( SMCC )或
Sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane- 1 -carboxylate (Sulfo-SMCC) 转化成马来酰亚胺 (maleimide ), 然后除去过量 SMCC 或(Sulfo-SMCC);
(3) 将完整的抗体分子通过过量二硫苏糖醇 (DTT ) 还原其自身铰链 (Hinge)处 的二硫键而产生 - SH 官能团, 然后除去过量 DTT;
(4) 将步骤(3 ) 的产物加入到步骤(2 ) 的产物中, 步骤(3 )产生的 - SH 官 能团与步骤 ( 2 )中纳米粒子所携带的 maleimide在 pH 6-8的缓冲液中发生偶合 反应, 步骤(3 )产物与步骤 (2)产物的摩尔比为: X: 1(Χ=2-20), 搅拌 10-120 分钟;然后再加入步骤( 1 )的产物 (预先溶解于去离子水中), 步骤( 1 )的产物 与步骤(2 ) 的产物摩尔比为: Y: 1 (Υ=2-100) , 搅拌 10-300分钟, 最后再加 入过量含有 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物, 如 PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide, 2-8°C轻微搅拌 10-300分钟;
(5) 除去步骤(4 )所得产物中的游离抗体、游离步骤( 1 )产物、过量的 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物以及其他残留的小分子化合物, 得到目标产物: 抗体- 载体-潜伏态荧光信号发生器体系, 然后再向目标产物中加入可稳定目标产物的 助剂, 低温储藏该产物。
18、 本发明提供一种异相生物分析试剂, 其特点是, 上述技术方案 10中所述靶 物检测器为抗体或其有效片段, 所述载体为表面携带有 -NH2的纳米粒子, 所述 信号发生器包括下述结构:
pl-(AA)n-(LS)N- X(F)-p2,
其中: (AA)n=DEVD, pi为 Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine, 所述 X(F)结构中的 P2是 Cy7染料, p2是 -NH2, Cy7, m=9,
Figure imgf000013_0001
特点是, 该方法包括下述步骤:
Figure imgf000014_0001
(1)制备
向 1当量的 Fmoc - 4 -aminobenzylalcohol ( Anaspec , USA ) DMF中力口入
10当量的 DIPEA与光气 (20%光气甲苯溶液, Sigma ),氮气保护下隔夜反应 后抽除溶剂, 再经闪光色谱分离提纯。
(2) 按下列程序合成所述信号发生器: CGGDEVD-(LS)N- (Cy7-a-Lys)10-NH2 固相合成过程:
( a ) 如技术方案 12所述加载第一个氨基酸到 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel
( b )依次将下列氨基酸 (每种氨基酸均取 lmmol)按下列顺序放于 ABI 433A 自 动合成仪氨基酸轨道上: (N-端) [Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH]1Q ( C-端),用机器进行自 动固相合成; 然后用 20% piperdine去保护, 加入相对于树脂活性反应点 10当 量步骤 ( 1 ) 中自制化合物与 10当量的 DIPEA, 室温反应 2-5小时后, 清洗树 脂, 再用机器继续下列氨基酸的加载 (由去保护开始):
(N- 端 ) Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH , Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH , Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH , Fmoc-Val-OH ,
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH ( C-端)
固相自动合成结束后, 用 2% 的肼 (Hydrazine)溶液来处理树脂去保护 Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH里的 Dde基团;加入 30 mmol Cy7-NHS (GE Healthcare公司 生产的), 反应 1小时后, 先后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。 后处理同技术方案 18; (3)所述纳米粒子上所携带的 -NH2通过
SMCC )或 Sulfo-SMCC转化成马来酰亚胺 (maleimide ),然后除去过量 SMCC 或 (Sulfo-SMCC);
(4) 将完整的抗体分子通过过量二硫苏糖醇 (DTT ) 还原其自身铰链 (Hinge)处 的二硫键而产生 - SH 官能团, 然后除去过量 DTT;
(5) 将步骤(4 ) 的产物加入到步骤(3 ) 的产物中, 步骤(4 )产生的 - SH 官 能团与步骤( 3 )中纳米粒子所携带的 maleimide在 pH 6-8的缓冲液中发生偶合 反应, 步骤(4 )产物与步骤 (3)产物的摩尔比为: X: 1(Χ=2-20), 搅拌 10-120 分钟;然后再加入步骤(2 )的产物 (预先溶解于去离子水中), 步骤(2 )的产物 与步骤(3 ) 的产物摩尔比为: Y: 1 (Υ=2-100) , 搅拌 10-300分钟, 最后再加 入过量含有 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物, 如 PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide, 2-8°C轻微搅拌 10-300分钟;
(6) 除去步骤(4 )所得产物中的游离抗体、游离步骤( 1 )产物、过量的 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物以及其他残留的小分子化合物, 得到目标产物: 抗体- 载体 -pl-(AA)n-(LS)N -X(F)-p2体系, 然后再向目标产物中加入可稳定目标产物 的助剂, 低温储藏该产物。
20、基于技术方案 1的信号发生器的试剂盒(包), 包括利用表 1与表 2所列生 物酶及对应 (AA ) n
与现有技术相比, 本发明提供的异相生物分析试剂中的对比度试剂 (又称 信号发生单元), 在外部信号发生源的作用下不能直接发出强烈信号, 需进一步 外加诱发物质或改变测试条件使载有众多对比度试剂的聚合物降解, 对比度试 剂处于游离态后才能发出强烈信号, 我们称之为信号发生单元从潜伏态进入激 发态。 所以, 本发明提供的异相生物分析试剂中的对比度试剂单个分子之间不 会相互影响, 能够发出较强的信号, 进而提高生物检测分析的灵敏度, 并具有 较高的稳定性。 该异相生物分析试剂使用方法简单, 准确。
当所述对比度试剂为荧光染料时, 本发明提供的异相生物分析试剂具有两 大优点, 一是可以不局限于荧光染料的自淬灭, 可以负载尽可能多的染料分子, 二是可以有效压制染料分子的自漂白 ( Auto-Bleaching )。
附图说明
图 1为现有异相生物分析试剂原理示意图;
图 2为本发明所述的信号发生器组成以及与现有信号发生器的使用方法差 异;
图 3为本发明所述信号发生器中的聚合物为酶降解聚合物的作用机理图; 图 4为本发明所述信号发生器中的聚合物为自降解聚合物的作用机理图; 图 5为及本发明所述的异相生物分析试剂进行检测的测试结果图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的异相生物分析试剂中的对比度试剂(又称信号发生单元), 在 外部信号发生源的作用不能直接发出强烈信号, 需进一步外加诱发物质或改变 测试条件使载有众多对比度试剂的聚合物降解, 对比度试剂处于游离态后才能 发出强烈信号, 我们称之为信号发生单元从潜伏态进入激发态。
如图 2所示, 处于潜伏态的信号发生器, 对比度试剂无信号发出或发出很 弱信号;
如图 3所示, 当本发明所述信号发生器中的聚合物为酶降解聚合物, 该异 相生物分析试剂的使用方法如下: 异相生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结 束后,直接加入 II型生物酶,该 II型生物酶包括 Trypsin;所述聚赖氨酸用 Trypsin 从 C端切割 ε-氨基未受保护的赖氨酸, 将其降解为荧光染料 -α-赖氨酸单体, 从 而使染料的自淬灭消失并释放出荧光; 然后, 启动外部信号源读取信号或者直 接读取信号 (自身发出的信号, 如信号为发光)。
在 (ΑΑ)η存在的情况下, 当异相生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结束 后, 先加入 I型生物酶将 (ΑΑ)η与 (LS)N或 X(F)割开, 之后再加入 II型生物酶 使聚赖氨酸降解为荧光染料 -α-赖氨酸单体, 从而使染料的自淬灭消失并释放出 荧光; 然后, 启动外部信号源读取信号或者直接读取信号 (自身发出的信号, 如信号为发光)。
如图 4所示, 当本发明所述信号发生器中的聚合物为自降解聚合物, 先加 入 I型生物酶将 (ΑΑ)η与 (LS)N或 X(F)割开, 然后等待紧随其后的线型或技状 自降解聚合物自动降解而释放出游离态的染料; 然后, 启动外部信号源读取信 号或者直接读取信号 (自身发出的信号, 如信号为发光)。
实施例 1
Figure imgf000017_0001
其中, X约为 2-6, y约为 4-10。 合成该异相生物分析试剂,包括下述步骤: (1) 根据技术方案 12合成信号发生器: CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys)10-NH2
(2) 加入 400倍的 DMSO 溶解的 SMCC至直径为 16nm的表面上携带 -NH2纳 米粒子 l xPBS 溶液中, 反应 2小时后, 用 PD30 ( Amersham Biosciences )柱子 除去过量 SMCC;
(3) 将完整的 goat-anti-rabbit IgG 用 1M 二硫苏糖醇 ( DTT )水溶液配制成 5mg/mL溶液, 室温摇摆 10分钟后, 用 PD-10 ( Amersham Biosciences )柱子除 去过量 DTT;
(4) 将步骤(3 ) 的产物按 10: 1 摩尔比加入到步骤(2 ) 的产物中, 调节反应 体系 pH 至 6-8搅拌 120分钟; 然后再加入步骤(1 ) 的产物 (预先溶解于去离 子水中), 步骤(1 ) 的产物与步骤(2 ) 的产物摩尔比为: 20: 1 , 搅拌 2小时 后, 再加入过量 Sulfo-Maleimide, 2-8°C轻微搅拌 300分钟;
(5) 将步骤(4 )通过 Superdex 200, 收集目标产物: (Goat-anti-rabbit IgG)x- 纳米粒子 -[CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys)1Q-NH2]y, 然后再向目标产物中加入可稳定目 标产物的助剂, 低温储藏该产物。
实施例 2
使用例 1 Goat-anti-rabbit IgG)x-纳米粒子 -[CGGDEVD- Cy -a-Lys -NH^用 于分析检测抗原的使用方法包括下述步骤:
(1) 将兔 (Rabbit) IgG稀释成 100ng/ μΐ, 10ng/ , lng/ , 0.1 ng/ μ 然 后用滴管滴加 的 100ng/ L, 10ng/ L , Ing/ L, 0. lng/ 溶液到硝基纤 维素膜上, 在室温下干燥, 得到四个 IgG圆点, 其直径约为 2-4亳米, 四圆点 分别含 100ng, 10ng, lng与 O. lng的 IgG。
(2) 将步骤 ( 1 )所得兔免疫球蛋白硝基纤维素膜置于 10ml含有 5% (重量 百分比)牛奶的 PBS 缓冲液中, 摇晃 10分钟后,用上述 PBS洗涤前述免疫球 蛋白膜, 重复洗涤 3次, 然后倒掉缓冲液, 保留硝基纤维素膜。
(3) 将步骤(2 )所得的兔免疫球蛋白硝基纤维素膜置于含有 15pmol (按纳 米粒子计算) 的例 1所得异相分析试剂与 5%牛奶的 10ml PBS 缓冲液中反应 30 分钟, 然后倒掉缓冲液, 保留硝基纤维素膜。
(4)将步骤(3 )所得膜在含有 5% (重量百分比) 牛奶的 l xPBS 缓冲液浸 泡 10分钟, 然后除去 PBS缓冲液; 重复此洗涤步骤 3次。
(5) 准备 caspase 3 溶液:
Axxora 人源化重组装粉状激活态 Caspase-3 (human recombinant, Lyophilized , active.)被用含 15% glycerol PBS 溶液溶解, 然后稀释于 50mM HEPES, pH 7.2, 50mM NaCl, 0.1% CHAPS, lOmM EDTA, 5% glycerol and lOmM DTT的溶液中, 得到 lU/μΙ的 caspase 3溶液。
( 6 ) 滴加 (5) 所配溶液至 ( 4 )中所得免疫球蛋白硝基纤维素 IgG 原始点 位置, 每个 IgG原始点上滴加 5μ1 caspase 3溶液(分 5次, 每次加 Ιμΐ, 次与次 间隔 5分钟), 再向每个 IgG原始点上按同法滴加 5μ1含过量 Trypsin的 1 xPBS 溶液。 最后, 将免疫球蛋白硝基纤维素膜置于柯达活体成像仪内, 在合适的光 学过滤器下进行荧光成像。
( 7 ) 对所得图像进行 ROI analysis 。
测试结果如图 5所示。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保护范 围。 凡是根据本发明内容所做的均等变化与修饰, 均涵盖在本发明的专利范围 内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种生物分析试剂, 包括靶物检测器与信号发生器, 所述靶物检测器与 信号发生器通过三种方式相连, ( 1 )直接相连; ( 2 )通过连接物 (linker) 或 间隔体 (Spacer)或者适配器(Adaptor )间接相偶合; ( 3 )通过载体间接相偶合, 其特征在于所述信号发生器包含下式组成:
(pl)y- (触发开关) z-(LS)N -以共价键偶合携带有潜伏态对比度试剂的可降解聚合 物 -p2
其中,
(1) Z: 触发开关的数目, 为非负整数, Z个触发开关可以相同, 也可不同, 但 是只有当靠近 pi端的第一个触发开关被打开后, pi端的第二个触发开关才能 被打开, 然后第三个, 以此类推;
( 2 ) pi 为触发开关的端基保护基团, 也可以代表其与靶物检测器之间的衔接 部分; y: pi的数目, 其值为 0或 1 ;
( 3 ) ( LS)N为自降解型( Self-immolative )连接物或间隔体, N个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, N是非负整数;
( 4 ) p2 为可降解聚合物的端基保护基团, 也可以代表其与靶物检测器之间的 衔接部分;
所述信号发生器在洗涤分离过程中处于潜伏态 (对比度试剂在外部信号源激发 下发出较弱信号或无信号),在分离过程结束后, 通过向分析体系中加入或施加 触发对比度试剂从潜伏态进入激发态的诱发物质或条件以直接降解聚合物或者 按顺序开启触发开关后再降解聚合物(必要时并开启必须的外部信号源),将检 测信号激发出来或显著增强。
2、一种如权利要求 1所述的生物分析试剂,其特征在于,所述靶物检测器, 包括抗体或其有效片断, 蛋白, 多肽, DNA中的一种或两种以上或者它们所形 成的复合体 (complex) , 所述可降解聚合物为线型或技状聚合物载体, 负载于 所述聚合物上的处于潜伏态的对比度试剂包括荧光或变色染料、 发光底物、 超 声波试剂、 MRI/PET / CT/SPECT试剂。
3、 一种如权利要求 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 其信号发生器由 下式组成, X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) X(F)为以共价键携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状生物酶降解聚合物,所带荧 光染料分子由于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱, 生物酶能 降解聚合物并消除自淬灭, 同时将荧光释放出来。
(2) p2为与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
4、 一种如权利要求 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 其信号发生器由 下式组成 pl -X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) X(F)为以共价键携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状生物酶降解聚合物,所带荧 光染料分子由于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱, 生物酶能 降解聚合物并消除自淬灭, 同时将荧光释放出来。
(2) pi为 X (F)端基保护基团或与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(3) p2为 X (F)端基保护基团或与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
5、 一种如权利要求 3和 4所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特征在于, 当传统异相生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结束后,启动外部信号源前(有 时不需要此步), 先加入使聚合物降解的所述生物酶, 然后启动外部信号源读取 信号或者直接读取信号 (自生信号, 如信号为发光);
6、 一种如权利要求 2所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 其信号发生器由 下式组成 pl-(AA)n-(LS)N-X(F)-p2, 其中
(1) ( AA)n为酶底物区域 (enzyme substrate domain)组成的触发开关域, n是正整 数, 酶将信号发生器从 (入入:^与^^:^之间割开; 或者当 (LS)N不存在时, 酶将信 号发生器从 (入入:^与 X(F)之间割开;
(2) ( LS)N为自降解型连接物或间隔体 , Ν个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, Ν是非 负整数;
(3) pi为 (AA)n的端基保护基团, 也可以代表与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(4) X(F)为携带荧光染料分子的线型或技状可降解聚合物,所带荧光染料分子由 于自淬灭 (Self-quenching)或者吸电子效应而显著减弱。
7、 一种如权利要求 6所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 所述线型或技状 聚合物为生物酶降解聚合物,所述荧光染料以共价键与所述线型或技状聚合物 载体的重复单元相连, 其荧光发射强度由于自淬灭而显著削弱;
8、 一种如权利要求 6所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特征在于, 当传 统异相生物分析试剂使用过程中的分离步骤结束后, 启动外部信号源前 (有时 不需要此步), 先作以下准备工作: 先加入 I型生物酶将 (入入:^与^^:^割开或 当 (LS)N不存在时将 (入入:^与 X(F)割开, 再加入促进紧随其后的线型或技状聚合 物载体降解的 II型生物酶,然后启动外部信号源读取信号或者直接读取信号(自 生信号, 如信号为发光);
9、 一种如权利要求 8所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 所述 I型生物酶包 括含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶家族(caspase 家族蛋白酶: caspases-l,2,3,6,7,8,9,10andl2), 二肽肽酶 IV(dipeptidyl peptidase4,DPPIV) ,钙蛋 白酶 ( calpain ),胰凝乳蛋白酶( chymotrypsin ), 丝氣酸蛋白酶( serine protease ), 组织蛋白酶 (Cathepsins B,K and L), 分泌颗粒酶 B(granzyme B) , 非典型肺炎蛋 白酶 ( SARSprotease ), 激肽释放酶 ( kallikrein ), 凝血酶 (thrombin ), 氨基肽 酶 ( Aminopeptidase ) , 丝氣酸氣月太酶 (serine aminopeptidase) , 类胰蛋白酶 ( tryptase ) , 丝氣酸蛋白酶 ( serine protease ) , 组蛋白去乙酰化酶 ( histone deacetylases,HDACs ),去乙酰化酶( sirtuins ), β-葡萄糖醛酸酶( β-glucuronidase ), β-半乳糖苷酶 ( β-galacosidase ) , 脂肪酶 (lipase ) , 酯酶 (esterase ), 蛋白酶 ( protease ), 纤溶酶 (plasmin ),细菌羧肽酶 G2 ( carboxypeptidase G2 ) , 抗体 酶( catalytic antibody, 又称催化抗体)。 所述 II型生物酶包括可切割 ε-氨基未受 保护的赖氨酸的生物酶。
下面表 1和表 2列出了 I型生物酶及对应的 (ΑΑ)η
表一、 I型生物酶及对应的 (ΑΑ)η , 触发开关 (ΑΑ)η为氨基酸或其衍生物
Figure imgf000022_0002
Figure imgf000022_0003
Figure imgf000022_0001
注意, 表一中:
Key: Z = carboxylbenzyl; Sue = succinyl; Ac = acetyl;
Boc = t-butyloxycarbamate; I = isoleucine; nL= norLeucine
All other capital letters are standard single-letter amino acid abbreviations.
pi—为 N-端基保护基团, 这些端基在信号发生器组装过程中可免去, X(F) 为携带有对比度试剂的可降解聚合物, AA为氨基酸或其衍生物。(入入:^与 X(F) 之间可包含一个或两个以上自降解连接体 ( Self-immolative Linker or Spacer )。 表二、 I型生物酶及对应的 (AA)n , 触发开关 (^:^为非氨基酸及其衍生物 X-(AA)n X-Linder-(AA)n
β-glucuronidase
Figure imgf000023_0001
β-galactosidase x一 o- Ac lipase/esterase
lipase/esterase
Figure imgf000023_0002
o
co2 Θ
carboxypeptidase G2
catalytic antibody
Figure imgf000023_0003
CH3 catalytic antibody
注意, 表二中:
Key: Glu=carbohydrate glucoronide; Gal = galactose
10、 一种如权利要求 7所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 其信号发生器 包括
pl-(AA)n-(LS)N-X(F)-p2,
X(F)-p2= 替换页 (细则第 26条)
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0002
Figure imgf000024_0003
其中:
(1) ( AA)n为酶底物区域(enzyme substrate domain), n是非负整数;
(2) ( 1^ 为自降解型连接物或间隔体, N个 LS可以相同, 也可以不同, 区域 N 是非负整数;
(3) pl为 (AA)n的端基保护基团, 也可以代表与靶物检测器之间的衔接部分;
(4) P2是 α -氣基保护基团,包括 t-butyloxycarbonyl, acetyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, 或 benzyloxycarbonyl或 H或染料分子 ( dye ),
(5) p2=P3,是与靶物检测器衔接部分或 -NH2或其他小分子或大分子片断;
(6)染料分子(dye )为自淬灭染料 (Self-quenching dye), m为大于或等于 1的 整数。
11、 一种如权利要求 10所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 所述聚赖氨酸 用 Trypsin从 C段切割 ε-氨基未受保护的赖氨酸将其降解为荧光染料 -α-赖氨酸 单体, 从而使染料的自淬灭消失并释放出荧光。
12、 一种如权利要求 6所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 所述可降解聚 合物为自降解聚合物, 能自动降解 (Self-immolative degradation)而释放出激发态 的对比度试剂。
13、 一种如权利要求 12所述的生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 所述荧光染料 以共价键与所述线型或技状聚合物载体的重复单元相连, 其荧光发射强度由于 吸电子效应而显著削弱。
14、 一种如权利要求 12所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特征在于, 当 传统异相生物分析试剂使用过程的分离步骤结束后, 启动外部信号源前 (有时 不需要此步), 先加入 I型生物酶将(入入:^与^^:^或将 (入入:^与 X(F)割开 (当 (LS)N不存在时), 然后等待紧随其后的线型或技状聚合物自动降解而释放出游 离态的染料, 最后, 启动外部信号源读取信号或者直接读取信号 (自生信号, 如信号为发光)。
15、 一种如权利要求 14所述的生物分析试剂的使用方法, 其特征在于, 所 述 I型生物酶包括含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶家族 (caspase家族蛋白酶: caspases-l,2,3,6,7,8,9,10andl2), 二肽肽酶 IV(dipeptidyl peptidase4,DPPIV) ,钙蛋 白酶 ( calpain ),胰凝乳蛋白酶( chymotrypsin ), 丝氣酸蛋白酶( serine protease ), 组织蛋白酶 (Cathepsins B,K and L), 分泌颗粒酶 B(granzyme B) , 非典型肺炎蛋 白酶 ( SARSprotease ), 激肽释放酶 ( kallikrein ), 凝血酶 (thrombin ), 氨基肽 酶 ( Aminopeptidase ) , 丝氣酸氣月太酶 (serine aminopeptidase) , 类胰蛋白酶
( tryptase ) , 丝氣酸蛋白酶 ( serine protease ) , 组蛋白去乙酰化酶 ( histone deacetylases,HDACs ),去乙酰化酶( sirtuins ), β-葡萄糖醛酸酶( β-glucuronidase ), β-半乳糖苷酶 ( β-galacosidase ) , 脂肪酶 (lipase ) , 酯酶 (esterase ), 蛋白酶
( protease ), 纤溶酶 (plasmin ),细菌羧肽酶 G2 ( carboxypeptidase G2 ) , 抗体 酶( catalytic antibody, 又称催化抗体), 表 1和表 2列出了 I型生物酶及对应的 (AA)n
16、 一种异相生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 上述权利要求 10中所述靶物检 测器为抗体或其有效片段, 所述载体为表面携带有 -NH2的纳米粒子, 所述信号 发生器包括下述结构:
pl-(AA)n- X(F)-p2,
其中: (AA)n=DEVD, pi为 Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine, 所述 X(F)结构中的 P2是 Cy7染料, p2是 -NH2, 染料分子为 Cy7, m=9。
17、一种如权利要求 16所述的异相生物分析试剂的制备方法,其特征在于, 该方法包括下述步骤:
(1) 按下列程序合成所述信号发生器: CGGDEVD-(Cy7-a-Lys)10-NH2 多肽合成是使用应用生物系统公司( Applied Biosystems, Inc (ABI ) 的 433A 全自动固相合成仪, 使用固相多肽合成 Fmoc 方法, 不溶载体树脂釆用 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel 固相合成树脂 (AnaSpec, USA 公司生产的), HBTU/HOBt ( 0.45 M in DMF ) /DIPEA ( 2 M DIPEA in NMP )或者 HATU / DIPEA作为活化剂, 哌啶(Piperidine )作为去保护剂; 10倍于树脂(O.lmmol 树脂)摩尔量的恰当保护的氨基酸(Immol氨基酸)装在小塑料瓶中; NMP用 作偶合过程中的溶剂, 而二氯甲烷(DCM )用来清洗固相树脂 (偶合反应前与 偶合反应后);
固相合成过程:
( a )加载第一个氨基酸到 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel树脂上。 先用 20% Piperidine DMF 溶液除去 TentaGel 树脂(O.lmmol)上的 Fmoc 基团, 然后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。 再向树脂溶液里加 Immol Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH ( BaChem, USA公司生产的), Immol 的 DICI与 Immol 的 HOBT DMF 溶液, 室温反应 2-5小时,用 DMF/DCM/甲醇 ( Methanol ) /DCM依次洗涤树脂后, 向树脂中 力口入 3mmol 的苯甲酸酐( benzoic anhydride ), 反应 30分钟后, 再次依前述步 ( b )依次将下列氨基酸 (每种氨基酸均取 lmmol)按下列顺序放于 ABI 433A 自 动合成仪氨基酸轨道上: (N-端) Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH,
Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc-Val-OH
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH , [Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH]10 ( C-端);
固相自动合成结束后, 用 2% 的肼(Hydrazine)溶液来处理树脂去保护
Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH里的 Dde基团;加入 30 mmol Cy7-NHS (GE Healthcare公司 生产的), 反应 1小时后, 先后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。
聚合物在氩气保护下从树脂上割下: 每 lOO mg 载有多肽的树脂,加入 lml 的下列比例的混合物: (TFA: water: Tis = 95:2.5:2.5 ); 树脂混合物溶液随后被室 温下摇晃 2小时; 随后将混合物溶液过滤除去树脂后,逐滴加入冰冷的二乙醚, 多肽沉析出来, 经过多次离心分离与洗涤, 多肽最后干燥;
合成上述信号发生器步骤中缩写词的全称及译文如下:
TIS: Triisopropylsilane三异丙基 嫁
TFA: Trifluoroacetic acid三氟乙酸
HOBt: 1-Hydroxylformamidel-羟基苯并三氮唑一水物
DMF: N, N-DimethylformamideN,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DCM: Dicholoromethane二氯甲烷
DIPEA (DIEA): N, N-DiisopropylethylamineN , N-二异丙基乙胺 DIEA(N-二异丙 基乙胺)
NMP: N-methylpyrrolidone 1 -甲基 -2-卩比哈嫁酮
HATU:
2-(7-Aza- 1 H-benzotriazole- 1 -yl)- 1,1,3 ,3-tetramethyluroniumHexafluorophosphate2-
(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑) -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
HBTU: 2-(1 H-Benzotriazole- 1 -yl)- 1,1,3,3 -tetramethyluroniumHexafluorophosphate 苯并三氮唑 -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯
DICI: N,N'-DiisopropylcarbodiimideN,N'-二异丙基碳二亚胺
(2)所述纳米粒子上所携带的 -NH2通过 Succinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane- 1 -carboxylate ( SMCC )或
Sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane- 1 -carboxylate (Sulfo-SMCC) 转化成马来酰亚胺 (maleimide ), 然后除去过量 SMCC 或(Sulfo-SMCC);
(3) 将完整的抗体分子通过过量二硫苏糖醇 (DTT ) 还原其自身铰链 (Hinge)处 的二硫键而产生 - SH 官能团, 然后除去过量 DTT;
(4) 将步骤(3 ) 的产物加入到步骤(2 ) 的产物中, 步骤(3 )产生的 - SH 官 能团与步骤 ( 2 )中纳米粒子所携带的 maleimide在 pH 6-8的缓冲液中发生偶合 反应, 步骤(3 )产物与步骤 (2)产物的摩尔比为: X: 1(Χ=2-20), 搅拌 10-120 分钟;然后再加入步骤( 1 )的产物 (预先溶解于去离子水中), 步骤( 1 )的产物 与步骤(2 ) 的产物摩尔比为: Y: 1 (Υ=2-100) , 搅拌 10-300分钟, 最后再加 入过量含有 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物, 如 PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide, 2-8°C轻微搅拌 10-300分钟;
(5) 除去步骤(4 )所得产物中的游离抗体、游离步骤( 1 )产物、过量的 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物以及其他残留的小分子化合物, 得到目标产物: 抗体- 载体-潜伏态荧光信号发生器体系, 然后再向目标产物中加入可稳定目标产物的 助剂, 低温储藏该产物。
18、 一种异相生物分析试剂, 其特征在于, 上述权利要求 10中所述靶物检 测器为抗体或其有效片段, 所述载体为表面携带有 -NH2的纳米粒子, 所述信号 发生器包括下述结构:
pl-(AA)n-(LS)N- X(F)-p2,
其中: (AA)n=DEVD, pi为 Cysteine-Glycine-Glycine, 所述 X(F)结构中的 P2是 Cy7染料, p2是 -NH2, Cy7, m=9,
Figure imgf000028_0001
19、一种如权利要求 18所述的异相生物分析试剂的制备方法,其特征在于, 该方法包括下述步骤:
Figure imgf000029_0001
(1)制备
向 1当量的 Fmoc - 4 -aminobenzylalcohol ( Anaspec , USA ) DMF中力口入 10当量的 DIPEA与光气 (20%光气甲苯溶液, Sigma ),氮气保护下隔夜反应 后抽除溶剂, 再经闪光色谱分离提纯;
(2) 按下列程序合成所述信号发生器: CGGDEVD-(LS)N- (Cy7-a-Lys)10-NH2 固相合成过程:
( a ) 如权利要求 12所述加载第一个氨基酸到 Fmoc-Rink Amide TentaGel
Λ'曰匕上― ;
( b )依次将下列氨基酸 (每种氨基酸均取 lmmol)按下列顺序放于 ABI 433A 自 动合成仪氨基酸轨道上: (N-端) [Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH]1Q ( C-端),用机器进行自 动固相合成; 然后用 20% piperdine去保护, 加入相对于树脂活性反应点 10当 量步骤 ( 1 ) 中自制化合物与 10当量的 DIPEA, 室温反应 2-5小时后, 清洗树 脂, 再用机器继续下列氨基酸的加载 (由去保护开始):
(N- 端 ) Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-Gly-OH , Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH , Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH , Fmoc-Val-OH ,
Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-OH ( C-端)
固相自动合成结束后, 用 2% 的肼 (Hydrazine)溶液来处理树脂去保护 Dde-Lys(Fmoc)-OH里的 Dde基团;加入 30 mmol Cy7-NHS (GE Healthcare公司 生产的), 反应 1小时后, 先后用 DMF/DCM 洗涤树脂。 后处理同权利要求 18; (3)所述纳米粒子上所携带的 -NH2通过
SMCC )或 Sulfo-SMCC转化成马来酰亚胺 (maleimide ),然后除去过量 SMCC 或 (Sulfo-SMCC);
(4) 将完整的抗体分子通过过量二硫苏糖醇 (DTT ) 还原其自身铰链 (Hinge)处 的二硫键而产生 - SH 官能团, 然后除去过量 DTT;
(5) 将步骤(4 ) 的产物加入到步骤(3 ) 的产物中, 步骤(4 )产生的 - SH 官 能团与步骤( 3 )中纳米粒子所携带的 maleimide在 pH 6-8的缓冲液中发生偶合 反应, 步骤(4 )产物与步骤 (3)产物的摩尔比为: X: 1(Χ=2-20), 搅拌 10-120 分钟;然后再加入步骤(2 )的产物 (预先溶解于去离子水中), 步骤(2 )的产物 与步骤(3 ) 的产物摩尔比为: Y: 1 (Υ=2-100) , 搅拌 10-300分钟, 最后再加 入过量含有 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物, 如 PEG-Maleimide, Sulfo-Maleimide, 2-8°C轻微搅拌 10-300分钟;
(6) 除去步骤(4 )所得产物中的游离抗体、游离步骤( 1 )产物、过量的 Maleimide 官能团的助水溶性化合物以及其他残留的小分子化合物, 得到目标产物: 抗体- 载体 -pl-(AA)n-(LS)N -X(F)-p2体系, 然后再向目标产物中加入可稳定目标产物 的助剂, 低温储藏该产物。
20、 一种基于权利要求 1 的信号发生器的试剂盒(包), 包括利用表 1 与表 2 所列生物酶及对应 (AA ) n
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