WO2011058875A1 - 車載照明装置、画像処理装置及び画像表示システム - Google Patents
車載照明装置、画像処理装置及び画像表示システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011058875A1 WO2011058875A1 PCT/JP2010/068930 JP2010068930W WO2011058875A1 WO 2011058875 A1 WO2011058875 A1 WO 2011058875A1 JP 2010068930 W JP2010068930 W JP 2010068930W WO 2011058875 A1 WO2011058875 A1 WO 2011058875A1
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- vehicle
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/2661—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions
- B60Q1/2665—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions on rear-view mirrors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/32—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/22—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle
- B60R1/23—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with a predetermined field of view
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/30—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles providing vision in the non-visible spectrum, e.g. night or infrared vision
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
- B60R2300/103—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using camera systems provided with artificial illumination device, e.g. IR light source
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/30—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing
- B60R2300/303—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing using joined images, e.g. multiple camera images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/60—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by monitoring and displaying vehicle exterior scenes from a transformed perspective
- B60R2300/607—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by monitoring and displaying vehicle exterior scenes from a transformed perspective from a bird's eye viewpoint
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
- B60R2300/806—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for aiding parking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R2300/8093—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for obstacle warning
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for performing illumination that assists photographing around a vehicle.
- an image display system that is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and displays an image obtained by photographing the periphery of the vehicle with an in-vehicle camera on a display in the vehicle interior is known.
- the driver can grasp the situation around the vehicle almost in real time.
- the outer area of the front fender on the opposite side of the driver's seat tends to be a blind spot from the driver's seat, and it is difficult for the driver to grasp the clearance between the vehicle body and the obstacle.
- the image display system is used, an image showing the outer region of the front fender is acquired by photographing with the in-vehicle camera, and the image is displayed on the display in the vehicle interior.
- the driver can easily confirm the clearance between the vehicle body on the opposite side of the driver's seat and the obstacle, for example, when the vehicle is brought close.
- the front and rear of the vehicle can be illuminated with a travel lighting device (headlight, tail lamp, etc.) provided as a standard in the vehicle.
- a travel lighting device headlight, tail lamp, etc.
- the illumination by the standard driving lighting device it is difficult for the illumination by the standard driving lighting device to reach, so it is necessary to illuminate a relatively wide range from the front to the rear of the vehicle with auxiliary light.
- the range that can be illuminated with a single light source is limited, in order to illuminate the entire lateral region from the front to the rear of the vehicle, it is necessary to divide and illuminate with a plurality of light sources.
- the light sources at a plurality of positions (for example, the front end portion, the central portion, and the rear end portion of the vehicle) from the front end to the rear end on the side surface of the vehicle.
- the light sources are arranged at a plurality of positions on the side surface of the vehicle, it is necessary to arrange power lines and control lines up to the respective positions of the plurality of light sources, which is an enormous and complicated work for attaching the plurality of light sources to the vehicle. Is required.
- This increases the mounting cost of the plurality of light sources, and further increases the mounting cost of the image display system.
- it is a necessary condition that it can be easily and inexpensively attached to the vehicle. Therefore, a solution to such a problem has been required.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of easily and inexpensively attaching a plurality of light sources for assisting photographing.
- An in-vehicle illumination device that performs illumination that assists photographing by the plurality of cameras of an image generation device that generates a composite image viewed from a virtual viewpoint based on images around the vehicle photographed by a plurality of cameras, A plurality of light sources that illuminate a side region of the vehicle, and a housing that holds the plurality of light sources fixedly in a state where optical axes of the plurality of light sources are directed in different directions.
- the plurality of light sources may include a first light source that mainly illuminates a front area located on a front side of the vehicle in the side area, and a vehicle in the side area.
- a second light source that mainly illuminates a rear region located on the rear side, and a third light source that mainly illuminates a region located between the front region and the rear region.
- the direction of the optical axis of the first light source and the direction of the optical axis of the second light source are symmetric with respect to the direction of the optical axis of the third light source.
- the in-vehicle illumination device further includes a light source driving unit configured to reduce a light amount of the third light source as compared with the first light source and the second light source.
- a camera that captures the lateral region of the vehicle among the plurality of cameras is housed in the housing. .
- the in-vehicle illumination device according to any one of (1) to (4), further including control means for selectively turning on and off the plurality of light sources.
- the image generation device outputs an image showing at least a partial area around the vehicle to the display device, and displays the image on the display device.
- the control means selects one or more light sources to be turned on from the plurality of light sources in accordance with a region shown in the image to be displayed on the display device.
- the in-vehicle illumination device further including an input unit that inputs a signal indicating an operation state of a travel lighting device used in traveling of the vehicle, wherein the control unit includes the lighting device.
- One or more light sources to be turned on are selected from the plurality of light sources according to the operation state.
- the in-vehicle illumination device further including input means for inputting a direction instruction intended by a driver of the vehicle, wherein the housings are respectively disposed on the left side and the right side of the vehicle,
- the control means selects one or more light sources to be turned on from among the plurality of light sources accommodated in the housing arranged on the side indicated by the direction indication.
- An image processing device mounted on a vehicle wherein the image generation device generates a composite image viewed from a virtual viewpoint based on images around the vehicle taken by a plurality of cameras, and the image generation device
- the vehicle-mounted illumination device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein illumination is performed to assist photographing with the plurality of cameras.
- the plurality of light sources that illuminate the side regions of the vehicle are accommodated in a state where the directions of the optical axes are different from each other by the housing. For this reason, a plurality of light sources are integrated by the housing, and a plurality of light sources for illuminating a lateral region of the vehicle over a wide range can be attached to the vehicle simply and at low cost.
- the integrated light source can be used for both the left and right sides of the vehicle, versatility is improved and costs can be reduced.
- the light quantity of the third light source that illuminates a region relatively close to the position of the light source from the first light source and the second light source that illuminate a region relatively far from the position of the light source is reduced.
- the camera and the plurality of light sources for assisting photographing with the camera are integrated by the housing, so that the camera and the light sources can be easily attached to the vehicle in a lump. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the image display system.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a position where the in-vehicle camera is arranged in the vehicle.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an external configuration of the side camera unit.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the side camera unit viewed from the rear of the vehicle.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the side camera unit viewed from the left side of the vehicle.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the positional relationship of the optical axes of the three light sources with respect to the vehicle.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the positional relationship of the optical axes of the three light sources with respect to the vehicle.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of a circuit related to power supply to three light sources.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a composite image.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating transition of operation modes of the image display system.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating transition of the position of the virtual viewpoint in the surrounding confirmation mode.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a display example in the surrounding confirmation mode.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing transition of the display mode in the front mode.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating display mode transition in the back mode.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the door mirror is stored.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the contents of the illumination table.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of a circuit related to power supply to three light sources.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a composite image.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating transition of operation modes of
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a flow of processing for selecting a light source in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a screen state transition in the vehicle confirmation mode.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating transition of the position of the virtual viewpoint.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a flow of processing for selecting a light source in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an area that can be illuminated by a headlight of a vehicle.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a flow of processing for selecting a light source in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image display system 120 according to the first embodiment.
- This image display system 120 is mounted on a vehicle (in this embodiment, an automobile), and has a function of photographing the periphery of the vehicle, generating an image, and displaying the image in the passenger compartment.
- a user typically a driver of the image display system 120 can grasp the state around the vehicle in almost real time.
- the image display system 120 mainly includes an image processing device 100 that generates a peripheral image showing the periphery of the vehicle, and a navigation device 20 that displays various types of information to a user who gets on the vehicle. ing.
- the peripheral image generated by the image processing device 100 is displayed on the navigation device 20.
- the navigation device 20 provides navigation guidance to the user, and includes a display 21 such as a liquid crystal provided with a touch panel function, an operation unit 22 that is operated by the user, and a control unit 23 that controls the entire device. Yes.
- the navigation device 20 is installed on an instrument panel or the like of the vehicle so that the screen of the display 21 is visible from the user.
- Various instructions from the user are received by the operation unit 22 and the display 21 as a touch panel.
- the control part 23 is comprised as a computer provided with CPU, RAM, ROM, etc., and various functions including a navigation function are implement
- the navigation device 20 is communicably connected to the image processing device 100, and can transmit and receive various control signals to and from the image processing device 100 and receive peripheral images generated by the image processing device 100.
- An image based on the function of the navigation device 20 alone is normally displayed on the display 21 under the control of the control unit 23, but the periphery showing the state of the periphery of the vehicle generated by the image processing device 100 under a predetermined condition An image is displayed.
- the navigation device 20 also functions as a display device that receives and displays a peripheral image generated by the image processing device 100.
- the image processing apparatus 100 is configured as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) whose main body 10 has a function of generating a peripheral image, and is arranged at a predetermined position of the vehicle.
- the image processing apparatus 100 includes an imaging unit 5 that captures the periphery of the vehicle.
- the image generation unit 5 generates a composite image viewed from a virtual viewpoint based on a captured image obtained by capturing the periphery of the vehicle. Functions as a device.
- the image processing apparatus 100 includes an auxiliary illumination unit 6 that performs illumination that assists photographing of the photographing unit 5, and also functions as an in-vehicle illumination device that performs illumination that assists photographing of the photographing unit 5.
- the plurality of in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53 provided in the photographing unit 5 and the plurality of light sources 60 provided in the auxiliary illumination unit 6 are disposed at appropriate positions of the vehicle different from the main body unit 10, but details will be described later. .
- the main body 10 of the image processing apparatus 100 includes a control unit 1 that controls the entire apparatus, an image generation unit 3 that generates a peripheral image for display by processing a captured image acquired by the imaging unit 5, and a navigation device 20. And a navigation communication unit 42 that communicates with each other.
- the image processing apparatus 100 includes a changeover switch 43 that receives an instruction to switch display contents from a user. A signal indicating a user instruction is also input to the control unit 1 from the changeover switch 43.
- the image processing apparatus 100 can perform an operation in response to both a user operation on the navigation apparatus 20 and a user operation on the changeover switch 43.
- the changeover switch 43 is arranged at an appropriate position of the vehicle separately from the main body unit 10 so that the user can easily operate.
- the image generation unit 3 is configured as a hardware circuit capable of various image processing, and includes a captured image adjustment unit 31 and a composite image generation unit 32 as main functions.
- the photographed image adjustment unit 31 adjusts the photographed image acquired by the photographing unit 5 and performs image quality adjustment such as brightness and contrast of the photographed image and distortion correction.
- the captured image adjustment unit 31 refers to the average luminance indicating the brightness of the entire captured image as acquired by the imaging unit 5, and adjusts the gain according to the average luminance to adjust the brightness of the captured image. adjust. Specifically, the gain adjustment value is decreased when the average luminance of the captured image is relatively high, and the gain adjustment value is increased when the average brightness is relatively low. As a result, the captured image is adjusted to be relatively bright even when the surrounding environment of the vehicle is somewhat dark. However, when the surrounding environment is very dark, such as at night, sufficient brightness as an image to be displayed cannot be obtained even if such gain adjustment is performed, and thus illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 is necessary.
- the composite image generation unit 32 generates a composite image viewed from an arbitrary virtual viewpoint around the vehicle based on the plurality of captured images acquired by the plurality of in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53 of the capturing unit 5. A method by which the composite image generation unit 32 generates a composite image viewed from a virtual viewpoint will be described later.
- the captured image adjusted by the captured image adjustment unit 31 and the composite image generated by the composite image generation unit 32 are further adjusted to display images, and then output to the navigation device 20 by the navigation communication unit 42. Thereby, a peripheral image showing the periphery of the vehicle is displayed on the display 21 of the navigation device 20.
- the control unit 1 is configured as a computer including a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like, and various control functions are realized by the CPU performing arithmetic processing according to a predetermined program.
- the image control unit 11 and the illumination control unit 12 shown in the drawing show some of the functions of the control unit 1 realized in this way.
- the image control unit 11 controls image processing executed by the image generation unit 3. For example, the image control unit 11 instructs various parameters necessary for generating a composite image generated by the composite image generation unit 32.
- the illumination control unit 12 controls illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6.
- the illumination control unit 12 can selectively illuminate a plurality of light sources 60 included in the auxiliary illumination unit 6. Specifically, the illumination control unit 12 selects a light source 60 to be illuminated from among the plurality of light sources 60 and outputs a signal to the auxiliary illumination unit 6 so that only the selected light source 60 illuminates.
- the main body 10 of the image processing apparatus 100 further includes a nonvolatile memory 40, a card reading unit 44, and a signal input unit 41, which are electrically connected to the control unit 1.
- the non-volatile memory 40 is composed of a flash memory that can maintain the stored contents even when the power is turned off.
- the nonvolatile memory 40 stores vehicle type data 4a and a lighting table 4b.
- the vehicle type data 4a is data according to the type of vehicle that is required when the composite image generation unit 32 generates a composite image.
- the illumination table 4b is table data that is referenced when the illumination control unit 12 selects the light source 60 to be illuminated from the plurality of light sources 60 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6.
- the card reading unit 44 reads the memory card MC that is a portable recording medium.
- the card reading unit 44 includes a card slot in which the memory card MC can be attached and detached, and reads data recorded on the memory card MC installed in the card slot. Data read by the card reading unit 44 is input to the control unit 1.
- the memory card MC is configured by a flash memory or the like capable of storing various data, and the image processing apparatus 100 can use various data stored in the memory card MC.
- a program firmware that realizes the function of the control unit 1 can be updated by storing a program in the memory card MC and reading the program.
- the vehicle type data corresponding to the vehicle of a type different from the vehicle type data 4a stored in the nonvolatile memory 40 is stored in the memory card MC, and this is read out and stored in the nonvolatile memory 40, thereby displaying an image. It is also possible for the system 120 to correspond to different types of vehicles.
- the signal input unit 41 inputs signals from various devices provided in the vehicle.
- a signal from the outside of the image display system 120 is input to the control unit 1 via the signal input unit 41.
- signals indicating various information are input to the control unit 1 from the shift sensor 81, the vehicle speed sensor 82, the illuminance sensor 83, the lighting control device 84, the direction indicator 85, the mirror driving device 86, and the like. .
- the operation position of the shift lever of the transmission of the vehicle 9 ie, “P (parking)”, “D (forward)”, “N (neutral)”, “R (reverse)”, etc.
- the shift position is input.
- the traveling speed (km / h) of the vehicle 9 at that time is input.
- the illuminance sensor 83 is mounted on the center upper part of the front window of the vehicle or on the dashboard, and detects the illuminance indicating the brightness of the surrounding environment of the vehicle. From the illuminance sensor 83, the illuminance that is the detection result is input.
- the lighting control device 84 controls a traveling lighting device that is provided in the vehicle as a standard separately from the auxiliary lighting unit 6 and is used for normal traveling of the vehicle.
- the driving lighting device includes a headlight (headlamp), a small lamp (vehicle width lamp), a tail lamp (tail lamp), a brake lamp (braking lamp), a back lamp (reverse lamp), and the like.
- the lighting control device 84 turns on the headlight and the small lamp in response to the operation of the driver, and turns on the tail lamp when turning on the headlight or the small lamp.
- the lighting control device 84 turns on the brake lamp when the driver steps on the brake, and turns on the back lamp when the shift position is “R”. From the lighting control device 84, lighting states of such various traveling lighting devices are input.
- a turn signal indicating a direction instruction based on the operation of the blinker switch that is, a direction instruction intended by the driver of the vehicle is input.
- a turn signal is generated, and the turn signal indicates the operated direction (left direction or right direction).
- the turn signal switch is in the neutral position, the turn signal is turned off.
- the mirror drive device 86 stores / deploys the door mirror of the vehicle in response to the driver's operation. From the mirror driving device 86, the state (storage / deployment) of the door mirror is input.
- the photographing unit 5 and the auxiliary illumination unit 6 of the image processing apparatus 100 are electrically connected to the control unit 1 and operate based on a signal from the control unit 1.
- the photographing unit 5 includes a front camera 51, a back camera 52, and a side camera 53, which are in-vehicle cameras.
- Each of these on-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53 includes an image sensor such as a CCD or a CMOS and electronically acquires an image.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing positions where the in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, 53 are arranged on the vehicle 9.
- the three-dimensional XYZ orthogonal coordinates shown in the figure are used as appropriate when indicating the direction and direction.
- the XYZ axes are fixed relative to the vehicle 9.
- the X-axis direction is along the left-right direction of the vehicle 9
- the Y-axis direction is along the straight traveling direction (front-rear direction) of the vehicle 9
- the Z-axis direction is along the vertical direction.
- the + X side is the right side of the vehicle 9
- the + Y side is the rear side of the vehicle 9
- the + Z side is the upper side.
- the front camera 51 is provided in the vicinity of the license plate mounting position at the front end of the vehicle 9, and its optical axis 51a is directed in the straight direction of the vehicle 9 (-Y side in the Y-axis direction in plan view).
- the back camera 52 is provided in the vicinity of the license plate mounting position at the rear end of the vehicle 9, and its optical axis 52 a is directed in the reverse direction of the vehicle 9 in the straight traveling direction (+ Y side in the Y-axis direction in plan view).
- the side cameras 53 are provided on the left and right door mirrors 93, respectively, and the optical axis 53a is directed to the outside along the left-right direction of the vehicle 9 (X-axis direction in plan view).
- the mounting position of the front camera 51 and the back camera 52 is preferably approximately the center in the left and right, but may be slightly shifted in the left and right directions from the center in the left and right.
- each of the in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53 has an angle of view ⁇ of 180 degrees or more. For this reason, it is possible to shoot the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 by using the four in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53.
- the auxiliary illumination unit 6 includes six light sources 60 that perform illumination that assists the photographing of the photographing unit 5.
- Each light source 60 is configured by an LED that emits near-infrared light, which is invisible light. Since near-infrared light is invisible to human eyes, even if the periphery of the vehicle 9 is illuminated from the light source 60 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6, it does not affect pedestrians or the like existing around the vehicle 9.
- the image sensor employed in the in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, and 53 has sensitivity to near infrared light.
- the auxiliary illumination unit 6 illuminates the side area of the vehicle 9.
- three light sources 60 are arranged on the left side of the vehicle 9, and the remaining three light sources 60 are arranged on the right side of the vehicle 9.
- the three light sources 60 on the left side of the vehicle 9 are housed and integrated in the same housing together with the side camera 53 on the left side of the vehicle 9 to form a side camera unit 70.
- the three light sources 60 on the right side of the vehicle 9 are housed and integrated in the same housing together with the side camera 53 on the right side of the vehicle 9 to form a side camera unit 70.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an external configuration of the left side camera unit 70. Since the configuration and arrangement of the side camera unit 70 are symmetrical on the left and right of the vehicle 9, the following description will be specifically made taking the left side of the vehicle 9 as an example, but the same applies to the right side. As shown in the figure, the side camera unit 70 is disposed below the door mirror 93 via a bracket 79.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the left side camera unit 70 on the XZ plane viewed from the rear (+ Y side) of the vehicle 9.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the left side camera unit 70 on the YZ plane as viewed from the left side ( ⁇ X side) of the vehicle 9. 5 corresponds to a cross-sectional view at the position VV in FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 corresponds to a cross-sectional view at the position IV-IV in FIG.
- the side camera unit 70 has a housing 7 serving as a housing.
- the side camera 53 and the three light sources 60 and the light source driving unit 69 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6 are accommodated.
- the three light sources 60 include a front light source 61 that mainly illuminates a region on the front side of the vehicle 9, a rear light source 62 that mainly illuminates a region on the rear side of the vehicle 9, a front light source 61, and a rear side.
- the light source driving unit 69 supplies power to these three light sources 60 to cause the light sources 60 to emit light.
- the side camera 53 includes a lens 531 and an image sensor 532. As shown in FIG. 4, a part of the side camera 53 is disposed in the housing 7, and the optical axis 53 a is directed to the outside of the vehicle 9. The side camera 53 is fixed to the housing 7 so that the direction of the optical axis 53a is a predetermined angle (for example, about 45 degrees) with respect to the vertical direction.
- a predetermined angle for example, about 45 degrees
- the three light sources 60 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6 are arranged inside (+ X side) the side camera 53 in the housing 7.
- the optical axes 61a, 62a, 63a of the three light sources 61, 62, 63 are directed to the outside of the vehicle 9, and all of their directions are at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction when viewed from the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) of the vehicle 9. ⁇ 1.
- the angle ⁇ 1 is desirably 30 degrees or less.
- a central light source 63 is disposed in the central portion in the housing 7, and the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62 are disposed symmetrically with respect to the center in the housing 7.
- the direction of the optical axis 63 a of the central light source 63 is along the vertical direction (Z-axis direction)
- the direction of the optical axis 61 a of the front light source 61 is the front of the vehicle 9.
- the direction of the optical axis 62a of the rear light source 62 is tilted to the rear side (+ Y side) of the vehicle 9.
- the direction of the optical axis 61 a of the front light source 61 and the direction of the optical axis 62 a of the rear light source 62 are symmetric with respect to the direction of the optical axis 63 a of the central light source 63. That is, the angle formed by the optical axis 63a of the central light source 63 and the optical axis 61a of the front light source 61 coincides with the angle formed by the optical axis 63a of the central light source 63 and the optical axis 62a of the rear light source 62, and a predetermined angle ⁇ 2. It is said that.
- the angle ⁇ 2 is preferably set to 60 degrees or more and 70 degrees or less.
- the three light sources 60 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6 are fixed to the housing 7 by the fixing member 71 so as to be in the position and direction described above. That is, the three light sources 60 are fixed to the housing 7 with their optical axes directed in different directions.
- a transmissive member 72 that transmits near-infrared light is employed in the portion of the housing 7 corresponding to the lower part of the fixed position of the light source 60. Thereby, the auxiliary light of the light source 60 can be projected to the outside of the housing 7.
- 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the positional relationship of the optical axes of the three light sources 60 in the left side camera unit 70 with respect to the vehicle 9.
- 6 is a top view (viewed from + Z side)
- FIG. 7 is a side view (viewed from ⁇ X side).
- the optical axes 61a, 62a, and 63a of the three light sources 60 are directed from the side camera unit 70 provided on the door mirror 93 to a position separated from the side surface of the vehicle 9 by 500 mm in the X-axis direction. It extends.
- the directions of the optical axes 61a, 62a, 63a of the three light sources 60 are different from each other. Specifically, in plan view (see FIG. 6), the optical axis 63a of the central light source 63 is along the left-right direction (X-axis direction) of the vehicle 9, and the optical axis 61a of the front light source 61 is the front side of the vehicle 9.
- the optical axis 62a of the rear light source 62 is directed to the rear side (+ Y side) of the vehicle 9. Further, in a side view (see FIG. 7), the optical axis 63a of the central light source 63 is along the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the optical axis 61a of the front light source 61 is on the front side ( ⁇ Y side) of the vehicle 9. The optical axis 62 a of the rear light source 62 is directed to the rear side (+ Y side) of the vehicle 9.
- the direction of the optical axis 61 a of the front light source 61 and the direction of the optical axis 62 a of the rear light source 62 are symmetric with respect to the direction of the optical axis 63 a of the central light source 63.
- the three light sources 61, 62, 63 illuminate the side region of the vehicle 9 in a shared manner.
- a side area to be illuminated a predetermined area that is fixed relative to the vehicle 9 is set.
- the side region to be illuminated is from a position approximately 2 m ahead of the front end of the vehicle 9 to approximately the rear end position of the vehicle 9.
- the side region to be illuminated is from the position of the side surface of the vehicle 9 to a position about 1 m away from the outside.
- the front light source 61 mainly illuminates a region (hereinafter referred to as “front region”) FA ahead of the front end of the vehicle 9 in the side region to be illuminated.
- the rear light source 62 mainly illuminates an area outside the rear door 96 and the rear fender 97 of the vehicle 9 (hereinafter referred to as “rear area”) BA among the side areas to be illuminated.
- the central light source 63 is an area outside the front fender 94 and the front door 95 of the vehicle 9 that is between the front area FA and the rear area BA among the side areas to be illuminated (hereinafter referred to as “center”). It is referred to as “region”.) CA is mainly illuminated.
- the three light sources 60 that illuminate the side regions in the same direction of the vehicle 9 are fixedly accommodated in the same housing 7 with the directions of the optical axes being different from each other. .
- the three light sources 60 are integrated as a side camera unit 70 by the housing 7. For this reason, it is possible to attach a plurality of light sources 60 at a time only by attaching the side camera unit 70.
- wiring such as power supply lines and control lines to the three light sources 60 may be performed up to the position of one side camera unit 70. For this reason, it becomes possible to attach the several light source 60 for illuminating the side area
- a side camera 53 that captures a side region of the vehicle 9 is housed together with the three light sources 60, and the three light sources 60 and the side camera 53 are integrated. For this reason, only by attaching the side camera unit 70, the side camera 53 and the plurality of light sources 60 can be attached to the vehicle 9 easily and at low cost. As a result, the attachment cost to the vehicle 9 as the entire image display system 120 can be greatly reduced.
- the direction of the optical axis 61a of the front light source 61 and the direction of the optical axis 62a of the rear light source 62 are symmetric with respect to the direction of the optical axis 63a of the central light source 63.
- the direction of the optical axes of the three light sources 60 relative to the vehicle 9 can be made the same regardless of whether the side camera unit 70 is disposed on the left side or the right side of the vehicle 9. Therefore, since the side camera unit 70 can be used for both the left side and the right side of the vehicle 9, it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated device for the left side or the right side as the side camera unit 70, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the brightness of each part of the side area varies depending on the light source 60 that performs the lighting, and the brightness of the side area as a whole is increased. It may be non-uniform.
- the light amounts of the three light sources 60 arranged in the same side camera unit 70 are adjusted.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of a circuit related to power supply to the three light sources 60 in the light source driving unit 69 provided in the side camera unit 70.
- the power of a predetermined voltage Vcc (for example, 6V) is supplied to the three light sources 60 from the battery B provided in the vehicle 9 through the power supply line 691.
- the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62 are connected in series, and are connected to the power supply line 691 via a predetermined resistor 692.
- the central light source 63 is connected to the power supply line 691 via a predetermined resistor 693 in a parallel path different from the paths of the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62.
- the same current I1 flows through the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62, and a current I2 different from the current I1 flows through the central light source 63.
- the resistance values of the three light sources 61, 62, and 63 are the same.
- the resistance value of the resistor 693 connected in series with the central light source 63 is larger than that of the resistor 692 connected in series with the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62.
- the current I2 flowing through the central light source 63 is smaller than the current I1 flowing through the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62.
- the current I2 is desirably less than 30% of the current I1, and further desirably less than 20%.
- the light amount of the light source 60 depends on the current, the light amount of the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62 becomes the same by adjusting the current, while the light amount of the central light source 63 is larger than that of the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62. Less.
- the central light source 63 illuminates a region relatively close to the position of the side camera unit 70 (position where the three light sources 60 are arranged) as compared with the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62. For this reason, the entire side region of the vehicle 9 extending from the front side to the rear side of the vehicle 9 can be illuminated substantially uniformly by relatively reducing the light amount of the central light source 63 in this way.
- fever by the light sources 60 also becomes a problem.
- the total value of the current I1, the current I2, and other currents (currents other than the light source 60) is limited to less than a predetermined value (for example, 200 mA) to generate heat by the light source 60 and the like. It is desirable to suppress this. This can be realized by adjusting the values of the resistors 692 and 693.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a composite image.
- the front camera 51, the back camera 52, and the side camera 53 of the photographing unit 5 perform photographing simultaneously, four photographed images P1 to P4 respectively showing the front, rear, left side, and right side of the vehicle 9 are acquired.
- the four photographed images P1 to P4 acquired by the photographing unit 5 include information indicating the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 at the time of photographing.
- each pixel of the four captured images P1 to P4 is projected onto a three-dimensional curved surface SP in a virtual three-dimensional space.
- the three-dimensional curved surface SP has, for example, a substantially hemispherical shape (a bowl shape), and a center portion (a bottom portion of the bowl) is determined as a position where the vehicle 9 exists.
- a correspondence relationship is determined in advance between the position of each pixel included in the captured images P1 to P4 and the position of each pixel of the solid curved surface SP. Therefore, the value of each pixel of the three-dimensional curved surface SP can be determined based on this correspondence and the value of each pixel included in the captured images P1 to P4.
- the correspondence between the positions of the pixels of the captured images P1 to P4 and the positions of the pixels of the three-dimensional curved surface SP is determined by the arrangement of the four in-vehicle cameras 51, 52, 53 in the vehicle 9 (the distance between each other, the height of the ground, the optical axis). Angle). For this reason, the table data indicating this correspondence is included in the vehicle type data 4 a stored in the nonvolatile memory 40.
- polygon data indicating the shape and size of the vehicle body included in the vehicle type data 4a is used, and a vehicle image which is a polygon model indicating the three-dimensional shape of the vehicle 9 is virtually configured.
- the configured vehicle image is arranged in a substantially hemispherical central portion determined as the position of the vehicle 9 in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional curved surface SP is set.
- the virtual viewpoint VP is set by the control unit 1 for the three-dimensional space where the solid curved surface SP exists.
- the virtual viewpoint VP is defined by the viewpoint position and the visual field direction, and is set to an arbitrary visual field position corresponding to the periphery of the vehicle 9 in this three-dimensional space toward an arbitrary visual field direction.
- a necessary area on the three-dimensional curved surface SP is cut out as an image.
- the relationship between the virtual viewpoint VP and a necessary area in the three-dimensional curved surface SP is determined in advance, and is stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory 40 or the like as table data.
- rendering is performed on the vehicle image composed of polygons according to the set virtual viewpoint VP, and the resulting two-dimensional vehicle image is superimposed on the cut out image.
- the composite image which shows a mode that the periphery of the vehicle 9 and the vehicle 9 was seen from arbitrary virtual viewpoints is produced
- the vehicle 9 ( Actually, a composite image CP1 showing the vehicle image) and the surroundings of the vehicle 9 is generated.
- the virtual viewpoint VP2 in which the viewpoint position is the left rear of the position of the vehicle 9 and the visual field direction is substantially in front of the vehicle 9 is set, the entire periphery from the left rear of the vehicle 9 is set.
- a composite image CP ⁇ b> 2 is generated that shows the vehicle 9 (actually a vehicle image) and the surroundings of the vehicle 9.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating transition of operation modes of the image display system 120.
- the image display system 120 has four operation modes: a navigation mode M0, a surrounding confirmation mode M1, a front mode M2, and a back mode M3. These operation modes are switched by the control of the control unit 1 according to the operation of the driver and the traveling state of the vehicle 9.
- the navigation mode M0 is an operation mode in which a map image for navigation guidance is displayed on the display 21 by the function of the navigation device 20.
- the functions of the image processing apparatus 100 are not used, and various displays are performed using the functions of the navigation apparatus 20 alone. For this reason, when the navigation device 20 has a function of receiving and displaying television broadcast radio waves, a television broadcast screen may be displayed instead of the map image for navigation guidance.
- Surrounding confirmation mode M1 is an operation mode in which an animation is expressed such that the vehicle 9 circulates around the vehicle 9 with the vehicle 9 looking down.
- the front mode M2 is an operation mode for displaying a display image that mainly indicates the front or side of the vehicle 9 that is required when moving forward.
- the back mode M3 is an operation mode for displaying a display image that mainly indicates the rear of the vehicle 9 that is required when the vehicle is moving backward.
- the surrounding confirmation mode M1 is first set.
- the surrounding confirmation mode M1 when a predetermined time (for example, 6 seconds) elapses after the animation expression that goes around the vehicle 9 is made, the mode is automatically switched to the front mode M2.
- the front mode M2 for example, if the changeover switch 43 is continuously pressed for a predetermined time or more while the traveling speed is 0 km / h (stopped state), the surrounding confirmation mode M1 is switched.
- the mode is switched to the navigation mode M0.
- the traveling speed input from the vehicle speed sensor 82 is less than 10 km / h in the navigation mode M0, the mode is switched to the front mode M2.
- the front mode M2 When the traveling speed of the vehicle 9 is relatively high, the front mode M2 is canceled in order to concentrate the driver on traveling. On the other hand, when the traveling speed of the vehicle 9 is relatively low, the driver drives in consideration of the situation around the vehicle 9, more specifically, approaching an intersection with poor visibility, changing direction, or shifting the width. There are many scenes where such as. For this reason, when the traveling speed is relatively low, the navigation mode M0 is switched to the front mode M2. When switching from the navigation mode M0 to the front mode M2, a condition that there is an explicit operation instruction from the driver may be added to the condition that the traveling speed is less than 10 km / h.
- the mode is switched to the back mode M3. That is, when the transmission of the vehicle 9 is operated to the “R (reverse)” position, since the vehicle 9 is in a reverse state, the vehicle 9 is switched to the back mode M3 mainly showing the rear of the vehicle 9.
- the back mode M3 when the position of the shift lever is other than “R (reverse)”, it is switched to the navigation mode M0 or the front mode M2 based on the traveling speed at that time. That is, if the traveling speed is 10 km / h or more, the mode is switched to the navigation mode M0, and if the traveling speed is less than 10 km / h, the mode is switched to the front mode M2.
- the display mode around the vehicle 9 in the surrounding confirmation mode M1 will be described.
- the virtual viewpoint VP is set so as to look down at the vehicle 9, and the virtual viewpoint VP is continuously moved so as to go around the vehicle 9.
- the virtual viewpoint VP is initially set behind the vehicle 9 and then circulates around the vehicle 9 clockwise. In this way, when the virtual viewpoint VP moves to the rear again via the left side, the front side, and the right side of the vehicle 9, the virtual viewpoint VP moves to just above the vehicle 9.
- a plurality of composite images are generated continuously in time with the virtual viewpoint VP being moved.
- the plurality of generated composite images are sequentially output to the navigation device 20 and displayed on the display 21 continuously in time.
- an animation expression is made such that the vehicle 9 circulates around the vehicle 9 while looking down at the vehicle 9.
- composite images RP are sequentially displayed in the order of states ST1 to ST6.
- the vehicle 9 is arranged in the vicinity of the center of the image, and the situation around the vehicle 9 can be confirmed together with the vehicle 9.
- the user can confirm the situation around the entire vehicle 9 from the viewpoint of the vehicle 9 in front of the user.
- the positional relationship between surrounding obstacles and the vehicle 9 can be grasped.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing transition of display modes in the front mode M2.
- the front mode M2 there are three display modes, a traveling bird's-eye view mode M21, a vehicle confirmation mode M22, and a side camera mode M23, and these display modes have different display modes.
- a field-of-view guide 90 indicating the field-of-view range in each display mode is displayed to indicate which area around the vehicle 9 is displayed to the user.
- These display modes are switched by the control of the control unit 1 in the order of the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21, the own vehicle confirmation mode M22, and the side camera mode M23 each time the user presses the changeover switch 43.
- the changeover switch 43 is pressed in the side camera mode M23, the operation returns to the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21 again.
- the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21 displays on the display 21 a screen including a composite image FP1 showing the state of the vehicle 9 viewed from the virtual viewpoint VP immediately above the vehicle 9 and a front image FP2 obtained by photographing with the front camera 51 side by side. Display mode. That is, in the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21, two images of a composite image FP1 showing the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 and a front image FP2 showing the front of the vehicle 9 are shown on the same screen.
- the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21 such two images FP1 and FP2 can be viewed, so that the user can confirm the situation in front of the traveling direction of the vehicle 9 together with the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 at a glance. It can be said that the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21 is a display mode that can be used with high versatility in various scenes during forward movement.
- the own vehicle confirmation mode M22 displays a screen including a front image FP3 obtained by photographing with the front camera 51 and a composite image FP4 showing the state of the vehicle 9 viewed from the virtual viewpoint VP behind the vehicle 9 side by side. Is the display mode to be displayed. That is, in the own vehicle confirmation mode M22, two images of a front image FP3 showing the front of the vehicle 9 and a composite image FP4 showing the side of the vehicle 9 are shown on the same screen.
- the front image FP3 in the vehicle confirmation mode M22 has a wider field of view in the left-right direction than the front image FP2 in the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21. For this reason, it is possible to confirm an object that is present in front and in the left-right direction from the front end of the vehicle 9 that is likely to become a blind spot when entering an intersection with poor visibility.
- the composite image FP4 in the own vehicle confirmation mode M22 is moved to the rear of the vehicle 9 compared to the composite image FP1 in the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21. Although narrowed, the side of the vehicle 9 can be easily confirmed. For this reason, when passing the oncoming vehicle, the clearance with the oncoming vehicle can be easily confirmed.
- the side camera mode M23 is a display mode for displaying on the display 21 a screen including side images FP5 and FP6 that are respectively obtained by photographing with the left and right side cameras 53.
- the side images FP5 and FP6 show only the outside of the front fender 94 that tends to be a blind spot from the driver's seat.
- the user can easily check the situation of the region to be confirmed when performing the width adjustment to bring the vehicle body to the end of the road. Can be confirmed.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating display mode transition in the back mode M3.
- the back mode M3 there are two display modes, a parking bird's-eye view mode M31 and a door mirror mode M32. These display modes have different display modes.
- a visual field guide 90 indicating the visual field range in each display mode is displayed, which indicates to the user which area around the vehicle 9 is displayed.
- These display modes are switched by the control of the control unit 1 in accordance with the state of the door mirror 93 input from the mirror driving device 86. Specifically, when the door mirror 93 is deployed in the normal state, the parking bird's-eye view mode M31 is set, and when the door mirror 93 is stored, the door mirror mode M32 is set.
- the parking bird's-eye view mode M31 displays on the display 21 a screen including a composite image BP1 showing the state of the vehicle 9 viewed from the virtual viewpoint VP directly above the vehicle 9 and a back image BP2 obtained by photographing with the back camera 52 side by side. Display mode. That is, in the parking bird's-eye view mode M31, two images of a composite image BP1 showing the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 and a back image BP2 showing the rear of the vehicle 9 are shown on the same screen.
- the parking bird's-eye view mode M31 such two images BP1 and BP2 can be browsed, so that the user can confirm at a glance the situation behind the vehicle 9 along with the entire periphery of the vehicle 9. It can be said that the parking bird's-eye view mode M31 is a display mode that can be used with high versatility in various situations during retreat.
- the door mirror mode M32 is a display mode in which a screen including side images BP3 and BP4 obtained by photographing with the left and right side cameras 53 is displayed on the display 21.
- the side images BP3 and BP4 show a range substantially similar to the range reflected on the door mirror 93 when the door mirror 93 is unfolded, specifically, the rear of the side region of the vehicle 9.
- the side camera 53 since the side camera 53 is provided on the door mirror 93, when the door mirror 93 is in the retracted state, the direction of the optical axis 53a is directed to the rear of the vehicle 9. In this state, the side camera 53 cannot acquire an image showing the entire side of the vehicle 9, so it is difficult to generate a composite image viewed from an arbitrary virtual viewpoint. However, since the optical axis 53a moves to the rear of the vehicle 9, a captured image with relatively little distortion can be acquired behind the side region of the vehicle 9. In the door mirror mode M32, two images BP3 and BP4 showing the rear of the side region of the vehicle 9 are generated and displayed using the captured image acquired by the side camera 53.
- the display 21 shows the surroundings of the vehicle 9 in various display modes, and the surrounding environment is relatively dark, so that the brightness as an image showing the surroundings of the vehicle 9 is sufficiently ensured.
- the auxiliary illumination unit 6 performs illumination.
- the illumination control unit 12 selects the light source 60 to be illuminated from among the plurality of light sources of the auxiliary illumination unit 6 according to the display mode at that time, and only the selected light source 60 is illuminated. Let Thereby, the light source 60 according to the area
- the correspondence relationship between such a display mode and the light source 60 selected by the illumination control unit 12 is determined in advance, and the correspondence relationship is shown in the illumination table 4b stored in the nonvolatile memory 40.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the contents of the illumination table 4b.
- the illumination table 4b describes which of the front light source 61, the central light source 63, and the rear light source 62 is illuminated for each display mode.
- the light source 60 to be illuminated is indicated as “ON”, and the light source 60 that is not illuminated is indicated as “OFF”.
- the surrounding confirmation mode M1 all of the front light source 61, the central light source 63, and the rear light source 62 are shown as the light sources 60 to be illuminated. Since the surrounding confirmation mode M1 is a display mode for confirming the situation of the entire surroundings of the vehicle 9, it is desirable to illuminate as wide a range as possible. For this reason, all the light sources 60 are selected as the light sources 60 to illuminate.
- the traveling bird's-eye view mode M21 all of the front light source 61, the central light source 63, and the rear light source 62 are shown as the light sources 60 to be illuminated.
- the composite image FP1 showing the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 is shown, it is desirable to illuminate as wide a range as possible. For this reason, all the light sources 60 are selected as the light sources 60 to illuminate.
- the front light source 61 and the central light source 63 are shown as the light sources 60 to be illuminated.
- the own vehicle confirmation mode M22 is used when entering an intersection with poor visibility or passing an oncoming vehicle. For this reason, only the front light source 61 and the central light source 63 are selected as the light source 60 to illuminate, and the rear light source 62 is not selected in order for the user to pay attention to the front side of the vehicle 9 to be noted.
- the central light source 63 is shown as the light source 60 to be illuminated.
- the central light source 63 is selected as the light source 60 to illuminate, and the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62 are not selected.
- the front light source 61, the central light source 63, and the rear light source 62 are all shown as the light source 60 to be illuminated.
- the composite image BP1 showing the entire periphery of the vehicle 9 is shown, it is desirable to illuminate as wide a range as possible. For this reason, all the light sources 60 are selected as the light sources 60 to illuminate.
- the central light source 63 is shown as the light source 60 to be illuminated.
- the rear of the side region of the vehicle 9 is shown.
- the directions of the optical axes of the three light sources 60 are also moved to the rear side of the vehicle 9.
- only the central light source 63 whose optical axis is directed to the rear of the side region of the vehicle 9 is selected as the light source 60 to be illuminated, and the front light source 61 and the rear light source 62 are not selected.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a flow of processing in which the illumination control unit 12 selects the light source 60 to be illuminated. This process is repeatedly executed by the illumination control unit 12.
- step S11 it is determined whether or not the display 21 displays an image around the vehicle 9 (step S11). Specifically, it is determined whether the operation mode is other than the navigation mode M0 (any one of the surrounding confirmation mode M1, the front mode M2, and the back mode M3). When the operation mode is the navigation mode M0 (No in step S11), since the illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 is unnecessary, all the light sources 60 are turned off (step S17).
- step S12 it is next determined whether or not the surrounding environment is dark enough to require illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 (step S12). Specifically, it is determined whether or not the illuminance indicating the brightness of the surrounding environment of the vehicle 9 input from the illuminance sensor 83 is lower than a predetermined threshold value. If the illuminance from the illuminance sensor 83 is higher than the predetermined threshold (No in step S12), since the illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 is unnecessary, all the light sources 60 are turned off (step S17).
- step S12 If the illuminance from the illuminance sensor 83 is lower than the predetermined threshold (Yes in step S12), then the brightness of the captured image actually acquired by the imaging unit 5 is determined by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 It is determined whether or not the illumination is dark enough to be necessary (step S13). Specifically, the average brightness of the captured image is input from the captured image adjustment unit 31 to the control unit 1, and it is determined whether or not the average brightness of the captured image is lower than a predetermined threshold value. When the average brightness of the captured image is higher than the predetermined threshold (No in step S13), since the illumination by the auxiliary illumination unit 6 is unnecessary, all the light sources 60 are turned off (step S17).
- step S13 if the average brightness of the captured image is lower than the predetermined threshold (Yes in step S13), then the display mode at that time is acquired (step S14). Then, referring to the illumination table 4b stored in the nonvolatile memory 40, the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected according to the display mode (step S15).
- a signal is output from the illumination control unit 12 to the auxiliary illumination unit 6 so that only the selected light source 60 illuminates. Thereby, only the light source 60 selected according to the display mode is turned on (step S16).
- the plurality of light sources 60 of the auxiliary illumination unit 6 can be selectively illuminated, power consumption can be reduced by not illuminating unnecessary light sources 60. Further, since the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected according to the area to be displayed on the display 21, only the area necessary for display can be illuminated, and the power consumption can be effectively reduced.
- Second Embodiment> Next, a second embodiment will be described.
- the configuration and processing of the image display system in the second embodiment are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, but only a part thereof is different. Therefore, the differences from the first embodiment are described below. The explanation will be focused on.
- the viewpoint position of the virtual viewpoint VP of the composite image FP4 is moved in response to the operation of the winker switch of the direction indicator 85 of the driver.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a screen state transition in the vehicle confirmation mode M22.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating transition of the position of the virtual viewpoint VP.
- the viewpoint position of the virtual viewpoint VP is the position VPC (see FIG. 19) at the substantially center left and right behind the vehicle 9, and the viewing direction. Is set in the forward direction of the vehicle 9.
- the display 21 shows a composite image FP4 that includes the left and right side regions of the vehicle 9 substantially equally.
- the turn signal input from the direction indicator 85 is on, that is, when there is a direction instruction
- the visual field direction remains the front direction of the vehicle 9 with respect to the virtual viewpoint VP
- the viewpoint position is the direction indicated by the turn signal. Moved to position.
- the viewpoint position of the virtual viewpoint VP is set to the position VPL on the left side of the vehicle 9 (see FIG. 19).
- a composite image FP4 that shows the left side area indicated by the turn signal of the direction indicator 85 larger than the right side area is displayed on the display 21. .
- the viewpoint position of the virtual viewpoint VP is set to the position VPR on the right side of the vehicle 9 (see FIG. 19).
- a composite image FP4 that shows the right side area indicated by the turn signal of the direction indicator 85 larger than the left side area is displayed on the display 21.
- the direction indicated by the direction indicator 85 has a high possibility that there is an object that the vehicle 9 moves and comes into contact with when the direction is changed or the width is adjusted. Therefore, by showing the side area in the direction instructed by the direction indicator 85 in this way, the user's (typically a driver) 's attention can be directed to an object that may come into contact with the vehicle. The contact between 9 and the object can be effectively prevented.
- the direction instruction is canceled, as shown in state STC in FIG. 18, the state returns to a state in which the composite image FP4 including both the left and right side regions of the vehicle 9 is displayed substantially equally.
- the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected from the three light sources 60 housed in the housing 7 arranged in the direction indicated by the direction instruction.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a flow of processing for selecting the light source 60 to be illuminated by the illumination control unit 12 according to the second embodiment.
- steps S21 to S25 shown in FIG. 20 is the same as the processing in steps S11 to S15 shown in FIG. Therefore, when step S25 is completed, the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected according to the display mode.
- step S25 it is subsequently determined whether or not the display mode is the vehicle confirmation mode M22 and there is a direction instruction (step S26). The presence / absence of a direction instruction is determined based on the turn signal.
- the display mode is other than the vehicle confirmation mode M22 or when there is no direction instruction even in the vehicle confirmation mode M22 (No in step S26)
- the light source 60 selected in step S25 is illuminated as it is. Control is performed (step S28).
- step S26 when the display mode is the vehicle confirmation mode M22 and there is a direction instruction (Yes in step S26), among the light sources 60 selected in step S25, the light sources arranged in the direction indicated by the direction instruction Only 60 is selected, and the selection of the light source 60 arranged in the direction opposite to the direction indication is canceled (step S27). And it controls so that only the light source 60 arrange
- the attention of the user is directed to the side region in the direction indicated by the direction indicator 85. be able to.
- the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected based on the direction indicated by the direction instruction only in the vehicle confirmation mode M22.
- the direction is the same in other display modes. Only the light source 60 arranged in the direction indicated by the instruction may be illuminated.
- the three light sources 60 arranged in one side camera unit 70 illuminate the front area FA, the central area CA, and the rear area BA as shown in FIG. Of these, the front area FA can be illuminated by a headlight that the vehicle 9 includes as a standard.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an area where the headlight 98 of the vehicle 9 can be illuminated.
- an area HA that can be illuminated by the headlight 98 to such an extent that an image with sufficient brightness can be acquired (for example, 0.5 lux or more) is indicated by hatching.
- the front area FA is included in an area HA that the headlight 98 can illuminate. Therefore, when the headlight 98 is lit, the necessity for illuminating the front area FA is low. For this reason, in the third embodiment, when the headlight 98 is lit, the front light source 61 is not selected as the light source 60 to be illuminated.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a flow of processing for selecting the light source 60 to be illuminated by the illumination control unit 12 in the third embodiment.
- steps S31 to S35 shown in FIG. 22 is the same as the processing in steps S11 to S15 shown in FIG. Therefore, when step S35 is completed, the light source 60 to be illuminated is selected according to the display mode.
- step S35 it is subsequently determined whether or not the headlight 98 is turned on (step S36).
- the lighting state of the headlight 98 is determined based on a signal from the lighting control device 84. If the headlight 98 is not turned on (No in step S36), the light source 60 selected in step S35 is controlled to illuminate as it is (step S38).
- the light source 60 other than the front light source 61 is selected from the light sources 60 selected in step S35, and the selection of the front light source 61 is canceled (step S37). And it controls so that only the light source 60 selected out of the front light sources 61 illuminates (step S38).
- the headlight 98 by not illuminating the area illuminated by the headlight 98, useless illumination is not performed and power consumption can be effectively reduced.
- the lighting state of the headlight 98 among the lighting devices for traveling is considered, but the lighting is performed in consideration of the lighting state of other traveling lighting devices such as a tail lamp and a brake lamp.
- the light source 60 to be used may be selected.
- the traveling state of the vehicle such as the shift position and the traveling speed may be considered.
- the shift position is “D (forward)”
- the front light source 61 is selected as the light source 60 to be illuminated
- the shift position is “R (reverse)”
- the rear light source 62 is selected as the light source 60 to be illuminated. It is possible to do.
- the traveling speed is higher than a predetermined value
- only the front light source 61 is selected as the light source 60 to illuminate so that the driver concentrates in the traveling direction.
- the traveling speed is less than the predetermined value, it is necessary to check the periphery of the vehicle Therefore, it is conceivable to select all the light sources 60 as the light sources 60 to be illuminated.
- the image processing apparatus 100 and the navigation apparatus 20 are described as separate apparatuses. However, the image processing apparatus 100 and the navigation apparatus 20 are arranged in the same casing and are integrated. It may be configured as.
- the display device that displays the image generated by the image processing device 100 is described as the navigation device 20, but a general display device that does not have a special function such as a navigation function. It may be.
- control unit 1 of the image processing apparatus 100 may be realized by the control unit 23 of the navigation apparatus 20.
- part or all of the signals described as being input to the control unit 1 of the image processing apparatus 100 via the signal input unit 41 are input to the navigation apparatus 20. Also good. In this case, the signal may be input to the control unit 1 of the image processing apparatus 100 via the navigation communication unit 42.
- the direction instruction intended by the driver of the vehicle 9 is input from the direction indicator 85, but may be input by other means.
- the movement of the viewpoint of the driver may be detected from an image obtained by photographing the eyes of the driver, and a direction instruction intended by the driver may be input from the detection result.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 複数のカメラで撮影された車両の周辺の画像に基づいて仮想視点からみた合成画像を生成する画像生成装置の当該複数のカメラによる撮影を補助する照明を行う車載照明装置であって、前記車両の側方領域を照明する複数の光源と、前記複数の光源の光軸を互いに異なる方向に向けた状態で前記複数の光源を固定して収容するハウジングと、を備えている。
<1-1.システム構成>
図1は、第1の実施の形態の画像表示システム120の構成を示すブロック図である。この画像表示システム120は、車両(本実施の形態では、自動車)に搭載されるものであり、車両の周辺を撮影して画像を生成して車室内に表示する機能を有している。画像表示システム120のユーザ(代表的にはドライバ)は、この画像表示システム120を利用することにより、当該車両の周辺の様子をほぼリアルタイムに把握できる。
次に、画像処理装置100の撮影部5及び補助照明部6について詳細に説明する。撮影部5及び補助照明部6は、制御部1に電気的に接続され、制御部1からの信号に基づいて動作する。
次に、画像生成部3の合成画像生成部32が、撮影部5で得られた複数の撮影画像に基づいて車両9の周辺を任意の仮想視点からみた様子を示す合成画像を生成する手法について説明する。合成画像を生成する際には、不揮発性メモリ40に予め記憶された車種別データ4aが利用される。図9は、合成画像を生成する手法を説明するための図である。
次に、画像表示システム120の動作モードについて説明する。図10は、画像表示システム120の動作モードの遷移を示す図である。画像表示システム120は、ナビモードM0、周囲確認モードM1、フロントモードM2、及び、バックモードM3の4つの動作モードを有している。これらの動作モードは、ドライバの操作や車両9の走行状態に応じて制御部1の制御により切り替えられる。
まず、周囲確認モードM1における車両9の周辺の表示態様について説明する。周囲確認モードM1においては、図11に示すように、車両9を見下ろすように仮想視点VPが設定され、車両9の周辺を周回するように仮想視点VPが連続的に移動される。仮想視点VPは、最初に車両9の後方に設定された後、右回りで車両9の周辺を周回する。このようにして仮想視点VPが、車両9の左側、前方及び右側を経由して再び後方まで移動すると、車両9の直上まで移動する。
次に、フロントモードM2における車両9の周辺の表示態様について詳細に説明する。図13は、フロントモードM2における表示モードの遷移を示す図である。フロントモードM2では、走行俯瞰モードM21、自車確認モードM22、及び、サイドカメラモードM23の3つの表示モードがあり、これらの表示モードは互いに表示態様が異なっている。これらの画面には、各表示態様における視野範囲を示す視野ガイド90が表示され、ユーザに対して車両9の周辺のいずれの領域を表示しているかが示される。
次に、バックモードM3における車両9の周辺の表示態様について詳細に説明する。図14は、バックモードM3における表示モードの遷移を示す図である。バックモードM3では、駐車俯瞰モードM31、及び、ドアミラーモードM32の2つの表示モードがあり、これらの表示モードは互いに表示態様が異なっている。これらの画面にも、各表示態様における視野範囲を示す視野ガイド90が表示され、ユーザに対して車両9の周辺のいずれの領域を表示しているかが示される。
このように画像表示システム120においては、各種の表示態様で車両9の周辺の様子がディスプレイ21に示され、周辺環境が比較的暗くて車両9の周辺を示す画像としての明るさが十分に確保できないときは、補助照明部6で照明を行う。
次に、上記のような照明すべき光源60を選択する処理の流れについて説明する。図17は、照明制御部12が照明すべき光源60を選択する処理の流れを示す図である。この処理は、照明制御部12により繰り返し実行される。
次に、第2の実施の形態について説明する。第2の実施の形態における画像表示システムの構成・処理は、第1の実施の形態とほぼ同様であるが一部のみが相違しているため、以下、第1の実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、第3の実施の形態について説明する。第3の実施の形態における画像表示システムの構成・処理は、第1の実施の形態とほぼ同様であるが一部のみが相違しているため、以下、第1の実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明する。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明してきたが、この発明は上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく様々な変形が可能である。以下では、このような変形例について説明する。上記実施の形態で説明した形態及び以下で説明する形態を含む全ての形態は、適宜に組み合わせ可能である。
12 照明制御部
21 ディスプレイ
3 画像生成部
32 合成画像生成部
4b 照明テーブル
53 サイドカメラ
6 補助照明部
61 前方光源
62 後方光源
63 中央光源
7 ハウジング
70 サイドカメラユニット
93 ドアミラー
Claims (10)
- 複数のカメラで撮影された車両の周辺の画像に基づいて仮想視点からみた合成画像を生成する画像生成装置の当該複数のカメラによる撮影を補助する照明を行う車載照明装置であって、
前記車両の側方領域を照明する複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源の光軸を互いに異なる方向に向けた状態で前記複数の光源を固定して収容するハウジングと、を備え、
前記複数の光源は、
前記側方領域のうちの前記車両の前方側に位置する前方領域を主に照明する第1光源と、
前記側方領域のうちの前記車両の後方側に位置する後方領域を主に照明する第2光源と、
前記前方領域と前記後方領域との間に位置する領域を主に照明する第3光源と、を含む。 - 請求項1に記載の車載照明装置において、
前記第1光源の光軸の方向と前記第2光源の光軸の方向とは、前記第3光源の光軸の方向に関して対称となる。 - 請求項1または2に記載の車載照明装置において、
前記第3光源の光量を、前記第1光源及び前記第2光源よりも少なくする光源駆動手段、
をさらに備える。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の車載照明装置において、
前記ハウジング内には、前記複数のカメラのうちの前記車両の前記側方領域を撮影するカメラが収容される。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の車載照明装置において、
前記複数の光源を選択的にオンおよびオフする制御手段、をさらに備える。 - 請求項5に記載の車載照明装置において、
前記画像生成装置は、前記車両の周辺の少なくとも一部の領域を示す画像を表示装置に出力して、当該画像を当該表示装置に表示させ、
前記制御手段は、前記表示装置に表示させる前記画像に示される領域に応じて、前記複数の光源のうちからオンする光源を一つ以上選択する。 - 請求項5に記載の車載照明装置において、
前記車両の走行において用いられる走行用灯火装置の動作状態を示す信号を入力する入力手段、をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記灯火装置の前記動作状態に応じて、前記複数の光源のうちからオンする光源を一つ以上選択する。 - 請求項5に記載の車載照明装置において、
前記車両のドライバが意図する方向指示を入力する入力手段、をさらに備え、
前記ハウジングは、前記車両の左側及び右側にそれぞれ配置され、
前記制御手段は、前記方向指示が有るときは、前記方向指示が示す側に配置された前記ハウジングに収容された前記複数の光源のうちからオンする光源を一つ以上選択する。 - 車両に搭載される画像処理装置であって、
複数のカメラで撮影された前記車両の周辺の画像に基づいて仮想視点からみた合成画像を生成する画像生成装置と、
前記画像生成装置の前記複数のカメラによる撮影を補助する照明を行う請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の車載照明装置と、を備える。 - 車両に搭載される画像表示システムであって、
請求項9に記載の画像処理装置と、
前記画像処理装置から出力された前記車両の周辺を示す画像を表示する表示装置と、を備える。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102639360B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
JP5503259B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
JP2011105084A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
US9610891B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
CN102639360A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
US20120229645A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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