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WO2008004909A1 - Procédé de détection de codes à barres linéaire dans le cadre d'une image vidéo, scanner vidéo et groupe de traitement de paiements - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de codes à barres linéaire dans le cadre d'une image vidéo, scanner vidéo et groupe de traitement de paiements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008004909A1
WO2008004909A1 PCT/RU2007/000340 RU2007000340W WO2008004909A1 WO 2008004909 A1 WO2008004909 A1 WO 2008004909A1 RU 2007000340 W RU2007000340 W RU 2007000340W WO 2008004909 A1 WO2008004909 A1 WO 2008004909A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
scanner
video
bar code
lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2007/000340
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Anton Aleksandrovich Krasnobayev
Original Assignee
Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obchshestvo 'shtrikh-M'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU2006123894/09A external-priority patent/RU2314564C1/ru
Priority claimed from RU2007109461/09A external-priority patent/RU2007109461A/ru
Application filed by Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obchshestvo 'shtrikh-M' filed Critical Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obchshestvo 'shtrikh-M'
Publication of WO2008004909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008004909A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F9/00—Shop, bar, bank or like counters
    • A47F9/02—Paying counters
    • A47F9/04—Check-out counters, e.g. for self-service stores
    • A47F9/046—Arrangement of recording means in or on check-out counters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/14—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for automatically reading and recognizing linear barcodes using a system that works with a video image, as well as to devices for reading and recognizing printed or written characters, which are used in combination with commercial equipment in various self-service stores.
  • Bar coding technology has become widespread. This is due to the reliability, compactness and low cost of the applied symbol, with the choice of equipment for working with it. Bar coding is widely used in retail, postal and freight transportation, for the identification of electronic components and medical products.
  • Scanning linear bar symbols is usually carried out either by scanners with a CCD line (Charge-coupled Device) as a sensitive element, or by various types of laser scanners, or by scanners that read symbols using a video image obtained from a CCD or CMOS sensors.
  • CCD line Charge-coupled Device
  • laser scanners or by scanners that read symbols using a video image obtained from a CCD or CMOS sensors.
  • a scanner that uses the CCD line as a sensing element works with the image brightness along a single straight line. It does not contain mechanical parts, it can use forced illumination of the scan line.
  • the prior art method for finding barcodes with a laser scanner (RU 2017217 C1, 07/30/1994), which includes scanning barcode elements along straight or straight lines due to sequential unidirectional movement of the laser beam and the direction of reading brightness.
  • the laser beam is a forced illumination of the scanning point at the current time and contains mechanical parts that implement the deflection of the laser beam and the direction of reading brightness.
  • the closest analogue of the known is the method of finding linear barcodes in a video frame, including processing the digitized image in the resulting frame using a system that works with a video image (RU 2002119664 A, 10.02.2004).
  • the disadvantages of this method include the low speed of reading information, which is due to the fact that image processing begins after the end of image formation and additional buffering in the internal memory of the computer.
  • image processing begins after the end of image formation and additional buffering in the internal memory of the computer.
  • a capture card and a personal computer operating in the Wi-Fi operating system are used, which further complicates the method.
  • the prior art video scanner barcode (US 2005/0103856 A1, 05/19/2004), which is adopted as a prototype. It includes a lens with two systems for forming an optical image on the surface of the photosensitive matrix in the far and near zones (with a wide and narrow viewing angle), as well as computing and interface units. In this case, the presence of an object in the scanning zone and the distance from the object to the video scanner is determined using a sensor in the IR (infrared) radiation range.
  • IR infrared
  • the closest analogue (prototype) of the declared cash settlement node for trade enterprises is the cash settlement node (RU 2004136212 U1, 06/10/2005), including a table having a product placement area for scanning, and a bar code scanner that is mounted on the table surface in this area.
  • the cashier performs several operations of turning the goods to determine the location of the bar code and orienting it in the field of view of the scanner, which reduces the speed of customer service.
  • this arrangement of the scanner reduces the reliability of reading the barcode, as well as complicates the maintenance of the scanner and reduces its life.
  • the objective of the invention is the creation of a quick and reliable way to find barcodes in a video frame, which can be used in scanners working with video.
  • the solution to this problem provides a technical result, which consists in increasing the speed of reading a bar code, increasing immunity to interference and image integrity, increasing the reliability of separating the bar code from high-contrast objects, such as text.
  • the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method including processing the digitized image in the resulting frame, according to the proposed invention, when processing the digitized image, the absolute values of the image gradient components are found along four directions rotated relative to each other by an angle of 45 degrees, followed by two-dimensional low-pass filtering and thinning images of the absolute values of the gradient components. Then, the element-wise absolute differences between the obtained results are determined for two pairs of mutually perpendicular directions of the components and the brightness of the points of the two received images is compared with a threshold value. After that, between the received binary images conduct elementwise logical operation OR. Then, linear barcodes are localized by the location of individual figures in the resulting image.
  • Finding the absolute values of the components of the image gradient is carried out using local differentiating filters. All operations of processing a digitized image, starting with the operation of finding the absolute values of the components of the image gradient and ending with the operation of a bitwise logical OR, which are local operations, are performed on a programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA) to ensure image processing during image acquisition.
  • FPGA programmable logic integrated circuit
  • Another objective of the claimed group of inventions is the creation of a video scanner of a bar code and cash settlement unit, including the aforementioned video scanner, devoid of these disadvantages.
  • the solution to this problem provides a technical result, which consists in increasing the speed of customer service in the cash settlement unit and the reliability of scanning a bar code, in increasing the convenience of a cashier and in servicing a video scanner, as well as in increasing the speed of a video scanner, in expanding the depth of a bar code scanning area, simplifying the design of the video scanner and increasing its service life.
  • the barcode video scanner including a lens for forming an optical image on the surface of the photosensitive matrix, which digitizes the image, computing and interface units, is additionally equipped with a lens drive with a membrane spring, which is deformed due to magnetic forces of interaction between the constant magnet and two solenoids and providing regular movement of the lens along the optical axis to expand depths Barcode scan areas.
  • the image processing unit uses a programmable logic integrated circuit, a digital signal processor, and a dynamic memory module.
  • a video scanner of the above construction is used, located above the product placement area at a height determined by the focal length of the lens, and the optical axis of the video scanner lens is directed downward.
  • the video scanner is mounted on a tripod rack console mounted on a table.
  • the cash settlement unit is additionally equipped with a lighting element mounted on a tripod rack console.
  • a black mark is applied on the table surface, indicating the center of the scanning area and serves as a means for determining the black level of the photosensitive matrix.
  • the cashier determines its location. For this reason, he rotates the goods until he sees a barcode. In the case of using a laser scanner, an additional operation is needed to turn the bar code found by the cashier to the scanner.
  • the claimed video scanner in the cash settlement node the areas of view of the cashier and the scanner significantly intersect, and this eliminates the operation of orienting the bar code by the cashier in the field of view of the video scanner, which allows increasing the speed of customer service.
  • the height of the video scanner depends on the focal length of the lens.
  • the video scanner can be mounted on the console of a tripod rack at a height of 800 to 1200 mm above the product placement area.
  • This arrangement of the video scanner increases the cashier’s convenience in the presented cash settlement unit, allows you to free up space on the table, while it becomes possible to make the table narrower, as well as place on it all the necessary devices for trading in front of the cashier, thereby ensuring its front landing .
  • the number of cashier actions performed to scan a barcode of a product is reduced. Since the lens of the video scanner is directed downward and there is no protective glass that needs to be cleaned from dust and dirt and which can be scratched and damaged, we can talk about the ease of maintenance of the video scanner and increase its service life.
  • the barcode video scanner includes a lens for forming an optical image on the surface of the photosensitive matrix, computing and interface units and is additionally equipped with a lens drive with a membrane spring.
  • a lens for forming an optical image on the surface of the photosensitive matrix, computing and interface units and is additionally equipped with a lens drive with a membrane spring.
  • the membrane spring Due to the magnetic forces of interaction between the permanent magnet and two solenoids, the membrane spring is deformed and provides regular movement of the lens along the optical axis. At the same time, the image is constantly processed in the scanning zone and the bar code is searched at different depths. A periodically moving lens allows you to form an image from various distances, and thus, the depth of the scanning zone is expanded.
  • the design of the video scanner does not have fast moving, rotating and rubbing mechanical parts, which leads to the absence of noise during the operation of the video scanner and an increase in its service life. This affects the reduction of fatigue of the cashier working in the cash settlement node.
  • a black mark with a diameter of at least 30 mm is applied to the surface of the table, in the middle of the product placement area for scanning.
  • the mark allows you to visually orient the cashier to the place of scanning goods, and also serves to determine the black level of the photosensitive matrix.
  • figure 1 discreteness of the directions of differentiation
  • figure 2 filed at the input of the video scanner image
  • figa - Zd the results after applying the operations of finding the absolute values of the gradient components, two-dimensional low-pass filtering and thinning (matrix products Ne1 - Ns4)
  • figa, 4b the results after applying the operation elementwise absolute difference
  • figure 5 the results after applying the comparison operation with the threshold (top) and the results after the operation of the elementwise OR (bottom)
  • 7 is a sectional view of a lens drive
  • Fig.8, Fig.9. drawing of the lens drive (view from the side of the photosensitive matrix with a section along A-A); figure 10 - the direction of transmission of video data.
  • the bar code as well as the text, has a rather sharp, repeatedly changing in small areas, brightness value. But, unlike the text, this change has a certain spatial monotony along the strokes.
  • barcodes can be distinguished by a similar direction of the gradients in a certain area.
  • the simplest local differentiating filters were used to find the absolute values of the gradient components. Differentiation of the initial image was carried out using differentiating matrices given in the table (see Table 1).
  • a linear bar code has a certain direction of strokes, therefore, at the locations of the bar code, the direction of the gradients will be the same with some tolerance.
  • Each of the pairs of differentiating matrices 1 and 2, 3 and 4 is linearly independent and orthogonal. Each pair finds the maximum response of the components of the brightness gradient in two mutually perpendicular directions.
  • the average value of the absolute components of the gradient in one direction over a certain area will significantly exceed the average value of the absolute components of the gradient in the direction perpendicular to it. Therefore, to find the probable locations of the barcode, it is sufficient to combine the results of the absolute differences of the average values of the gradient components for two pairs of mutually perpendicular directions.
  • Finding the average over a certain area of the value of the gradient components is carried out by two-dimensional low-pass filtering.
  • a thinning operation is performed after the low-pass filtering operation.
  • Thinned images of gradient components for mutually perpendicular directions are subtracted to find the absolute values.
  • areas containing elements with a certain spatial orientation have significant brightness. Such elements may be, for example, lonely contrasting lines.
  • Averaging their response over the area has small values compared to the results for barcodes, therefore, they can be eliminated by comparing each value with a certain threshold value. Using the comparison operation with a threshold will give units at the locations of the assumed location of the barcode and zeros in all the rest.
  • the increase in the speed of reading a bar code is achieved by performing image processing on the FPGA as data is received from the video image frame, which is possible due to the locality of all operations performed.
  • Improving the immunity to interference and non-integrity of the image, as well as increasing the reliability of separating the bar code from high-contrast objects is achieved through the use of two-dimensional low-pass filtering and thinning, which essentially averages the information received from the local area of the image.
  • FIG. Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 show examples of intermediate results obtained in a device that received an image (see Fig. 2) containing linear barcodes oriented at different angles.
  • a circle is circled around the location of the same barcode.
  • FIG. Figure 3 shows four images obtained after applying the operations of finding the absolute values of the gradient components, two-dimensional low-pass filtering, and decimation.
  • the brighter regions correspond to a larger average absolute value of the gradient components in this region.
  • FIG. 4 shows the images obtained after the operation of finding the absolute element-wise difference between the images of the gradient components of mutually perpendicular directions (the image of the direction Ns1 is subtracted from the image of the direction Ns2, the image of the direction Ns3 is subtracted from the image of the direction Ns4).
  • a comparison was made of the brightness of the points of the two received images with a threshold value and a bitwise logical OR operation between the received binary images.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cash settlement unit having a table 1 with a product placement area for scanning 2 and a barcode video scanner 3.
  • Video scanner 3 is located above the product placement area 2 at a height determined by the focal length of the lens, and its optical axis is directed downward.
  • the video scanner 3 is installed on the console 4, mounted on a tripod stand 5, which is located on the table 1 in the area of the product 2.
  • the lighting device 6 is fixed on the console 4. In the center of the product area for scanning 2, an even mark is applied on the surface of the table 1 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the lens drive, and FIG. 8, 9 - drawing of the lens drive (view from the side of the photosensitive matrix with a section along A-A). It includes a lens 8 for forming an optical image on the surface of the photosensitive matrix, a membrane spring 9, a permanent magnet 10 and solenoids 11.
  • the computing unit of the video scanner includes a programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA), which implements algorithms for searching a bar code in an image, a digital signal processor (DSP), in which the structure of a symbol is analyzed and its decoding and a dynamic memory module (MIS) are performed, carrying out storage of the image and intermediate data.
  • FPGA programmable logic integrated circuit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • MIS dynamic memory module
  • FIG. 10 The direction of video transmission is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the image is processed in the FPGA as the line-by-line and dot-by-dot receipt from the photosensitive matrix, the processing results together with the original image are recorded in the MPE. This reduces data traffic between the FPGA and DSP, which improves the performance of the computing unit.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Le groupe d'inventions concerne des dispositifs de lecture et d'identification de caractères écrits ou imprimés, qui sont utilisés en combinaison avec des équipements de commerce. Dans ce procédé, on traite une image, on trouve les valeurs absolues des composantes du gradient, on effectue un filtrage basse fréquence et une raréfaction des images de valeurs absolues des composantes du gradient, on détermine les valeurs absolues gradient par gradient pour deux paires des directions perpendiculaires des composantes, on effectue la comparaison des luminosités des points de deux images obtenues et on effectue la localisation du code à barres. Le scanner vidéo comprend un objectif, une matrice photosensible, des unités de calcul et d'interface, un entraînement de l'objectif comprenant un ressort à membrane, un aimant permanent et deux solénoïdes. Le groupe de traitement de paiements comprend une table possédant une zone de placement de la marchandise et un scanner disposé sous la table. Le but de ladite invention est d'accélérer la cadence de service, d'améliorer la fiabilité de lecture d'un code à barres, d'améliorer les conditions de travail et d'entretien, d'améliorer la résistance aux brouillages et aux irrégularités d'un code à barres et d'élargir la profondeur de numérisation d'un code-barres.
PCT/RU2007/000340 2006-07-05 2007-06-21 Procédé de détection de codes à barres linéaire dans le cadre d'une image vidéo, scanner vidéo et groupe de traitement de paiements WO2008004909A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2006123894/09A RU2314564C1 (ru) 2006-07-05 2006-07-05 Способ нахождения штриховых кодов в кадре видеоизображения
RU2006123894 2006-07-05
RU2007109461 2007-03-15
RU2007109461/09A RU2007109461A (ru) 2007-03-15 2007-03-15 Видеосканер штриховых кодов и расчетно-кассовый узел с его использованием

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WO2008004909A1 true WO2008004909A1 (fr) 2008-01-10

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PCT/RU2007/000340 WO2008004909A1 (fr) 2006-07-05 2007-06-21 Procédé de détection de codes à barres linéaire dans le cadre d'une image vidéo, scanner vidéo et groupe de traitement de paiements

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024164581A1 (fr) * 2023-02-07 2024-08-15 杭州晟元数据安全技术股份有限公司 Procédé et système de décodage multi-code basés sur un algorithme de gradient

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU802974A1 (ru) * 1979-03-28 1981-02-07 Ростовский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Государственный Университет Способ выделени признаков приРАСпОзНАВАНии ОбРАзОВ
RU2098909C1 (ru) * 1996-05-20 1997-12-10 Андрей Александрович Гаврилов Электромеханический привод
US6366696B1 (en) * 1996-12-20 2002-04-02 Ncr Corporation Visual bar code recognition method
WO2003103286A1 (fr) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Camera numerique et son procede de commande, et systeme d'impression
WO2004015982A2 (fr) * 2002-08-12 2004-02-19 Pierce Edward A Cibles d'etalonnage pour appareils de prise de vues numeriques, et procedes d'utilisation
KR20040074689A (ko) * 2003-02-18 2004-08-26 한국기계연구원 문서기록보존용 디지털 스캐너
MXPA02001474A (es) * 1999-08-10 2005-03-07 Ajax Cooke Pty Ltd Metodo y dispositivo para reconocimiento de articulos.
EP1524836A1 (fr) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-20 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Caméra pour documents et système avec caméra pour documents
RU59923U1 (ru) * 2006-06-01 2006-12-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "ФТИ-ДиВиКам" Пзс-видеокамера

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU802974A1 (ru) * 1979-03-28 1981-02-07 Ростовский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Государственный Университет Способ выделени признаков приРАСпОзНАВАНии ОбРАзОВ
RU2098909C1 (ru) * 1996-05-20 1997-12-10 Андрей Александрович Гаврилов Электромеханический привод
US6366696B1 (en) * 1996-12-20 2002-04-02 Ncr Corporation Visual bar code recognition method
MXPA02001474A (es) * 1999-08-10 2005-03-07 Ajax Cooke Pty Ltd Metodo y dispositivo para reconocimiento de articulos.
WO2003103286A1 (fr) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Camera numerique et son procede de commande, et systeme d'impression
WO2004015982A2 (fr) * 2002-08-12 2004-02-19 Pierce Edward A Cibles d'etalonnage pour appareils de prise de vues numeriques, et procedes d'utilisation
KR20040074689A (ko) * 2003-02-18 2004-08-26 한국기계연구원 문서기록보존용 디지털 스캐너
EP1524836A1 (fr) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-20 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Caméra pour documents et système avec caméra pour documents
RU59923U1 (ru) * 2006-06-01 2006-12-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "ФТИ-ДиВиКам" Пзс-видеокамера

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024164581A1 (fr) * 2023-02-07 2024-08-15 杭州晟元数据安全技术股份有限公司 Procédé et système de décodage multi-code basés sur un algorithme de gradient

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