WO2007083833A1 - 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
吸収型多層膜ndフィルターおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007083833A1 WO2007083833A1 PCT/JP2007/051116 JP2007051116W WO2007083833A1 WO 2007083833 A1 WO2007083833 A1 WO 2007083833A1 JP 2007051116 W JP2007051116 W JP 2007051116W WO 2007083833 A1 WO2007083833 A1 WO 2007083833A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0635—Carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/56—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
- C23C14/562—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks for coating elongated substrates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an absorptive multilayer ND filter that attenuates transmitted light in the visible light region, and more particularly to an absorptive multilayer ND filter having a resin film as a substrate and excellent in environmental resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is. Background art
- ND filters there are known a reflective ND filter that reflects and attenuates incident light, and an absorption ND filter that absorbs and attenuates incident light.
- an absorption ND filter is generally used.
- an absorbing substance is mixed into the substrate itself (color glass).
- ND filter There are types to be applied and types in which the substrate itself does not absorb but the thin film formed on its surface absorbs. In the latter case, the thin film is composed of a multilayer film (absorbing multilayer film) to prevent reflection on the surface of the thin film, and has an antireflection effect as well as a function to attenuate transmitted light.
- the absorption multilayer ND filter used in small and thin digital cameras requires a thin substrate because of its small installation space, and a resin film is considered the optimal substrate.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-93 811 discloses an ND filter composed of an oxide dielectric film layer and a metal film, The above metal film is used as the absorption layer.
- ND filter As the absorption film layer, employing a metal oxide film such as T i O x and T a 2 O x having an intentionally absorbed that by the oxygen deficiency subjected to oxygen introduced during the film formation One is also known.
- the metal film is compared with the above metal oxide film such as T i O x or Ta 2 O x. Since the extinction coefficient is high, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the absorption film layer by using a metal film to obtain the same extinction coefficient.
- the film thickness is reduced compared to the above metal oxide film in consideration of the warp of the resin film substrate, film cracking, film formation time, etc. It is more advantageous to adopt a metal film that can be set for the absorption film layer.
- oxygen that oxidizes the metal film or the metal oxide film that has not been completely oxidized is supplied in the air, or from a resin film substrate or an oxide dielectric film layer.
- the metal film has a thickness of 1 Onm or less, it is easily affected by acid.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2 0 3 4-3 2 1 1 proposes a thin-film ND filter in which a light absorption film and an dielectric film are laminated on a transparent substrate, and the light absorption film is made of a metal material T i.
- 2 03-3-3 2 7 09 9 relates to a thin-film ND filter in which one or more transparent dielectric films and a light absorption film are laminated on a light-transmitting substrate.
- a method has been proposed in which a lower metal nitride film layer, which does not easily increase transmittance due to oxidation, is employed as the light absorption film.
- the lower metal nitride Ji enormous layer has a problem that the film thickness is increased because the extinction coefficient is smaller than that of the metal film layer.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide an absorption type multilayer ND filter having a resin film as a substrate and excellent in environmental resistance and a method for producing the same. It is in.
- the metal film constituting the absorption film layer of the absorption multilayer film can be oxidized in a high temperature and high humidity environment, oxygen can be supplied from the oxide dielectric film layer of the absorption multilayer film. Obedience Therefore, if the amount of oxygen contained in the oxide dielectric film layer is reduced so that oxygen is hardly supplied, the progress of the oxidation of the metal film can be suppressed.
- the oxide dielectric film is slightly colored when it is not sufficiently oxidized, it cannot be used for an antireflection film or a reflection film that requires a transparent film.
- the oxide dielectric film layer absorbs little, it is not necessary to consider the extinction coefficient of the oxide dielectric film layer when designing the absorption multilayer film. If the absorption of the dielectric film layer is large and has a large effect on the transmittance of the ND filter, the extinction coefficient of the oxide dielectric film layer should be considered when designing the absorption multilayer film. It is done. The present invention has been completed through such technical studies. Disclosure of the invention
- the absorption multilayer ND filter according to the present invention is
- an absorptive multilayer ND filter comprising an absorptive multilayer film in which an oxide dielectric film layer and an absorptive film layer are alternately laminated on at least one surface of a substrate made of a resin film,
- the oxide dielectric film layer is composed of a film, and the refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm formed by physical vapor deposition is 1.5 to 3
- the absorption film layer is composed of a metal film having an extinction coefficient of 1.5 to 4.0 at 0, and the outermost layer of the absorption multilayer film is composed of the oxide dielectric film layer.
- the extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm is 0.005 to 0.000 by physical vapor deposition using a deposition material containing S i C and Si as the main component and controlling the amount of oxygen gas introduced.
- An absorption film layer made of a metal film having a refractive index of 1.5 to 3.0 and an extinction coefficient of 1.5 to 4.0 at a wavelength of 55 Onm is formed by physical vapor deposition with the introduction of oxygen gas stopped. The process of
- the oxide dielectric film layer is composed of Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) films with extinction coefficients of 0.005 to 0.05.
- S i Cy Ox (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) film constituting the dielectric film layer is a conventional oxide dielectric film layer composed of S i 0 2 etc.
- the Si CyOx film itself lacks oxygen, so it is difficult to supply oxygen to the absorption film layer made of a metal film.
- the oxide dielectric film layer is formed by a physical vapor deposition method in which the introduction amount of oxygen gas is controlled.
- a physical vapor deposition method in which the introduction amount of oxygen gas is controlled.
- Si C which constitutes a part of the deposition material in the oxide dielectric film layer, is High heat conduction and excellent cooling efficiency make it possible to apply a large amount of power to the film formation means of the physical vapor deposition apparatus, further increasing the film formation speed of the oxide dielectric film layer It becomes possible.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the spectral transmission characteristics of the absorptive multilayer ND filter according to Example 1.
- Fig. 2 shows Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x 2) that constitutes the oxide dielectric film layer of the absorption multilayer ND filter according to the present invention.
- the graph which shows the spectral transmission characteristic of the Si Cy Ox film
- FIG. 3 is a Draft diagram showing changes in spectral transmission characteristics of the absorption multilayer ND filter according to Example 1 in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the spectral transmission characteristics of an absorption multilayer ND filter according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in spectral transmission characteristics of an absorption multilayer ND filter according to a comparative example in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.
- an absorptive multilayer ND filter includes an absorptive multilayer film in which an oxide dielectric film layer and an absorptive film layer are alternately laminated on at least one surface of a substrate made of a resin film.
- the extinction coefficient is 0 at a wavelength of 550 nm deposited by physical vapor deposition using a deposition material composed mainly of SiC and Si.
- the above-mentioned oxide dielectric film layer is composed of Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) films of 005 to 0.05, and is formed by physical vapor deposition.
- the absorption layer is composed of a metal film having a refractive index of 1.5 to 3.0 and an extinction coefficient of 1.5 to 4.0 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and the outermost layer of the absorption-type multilayer film. It is composed of the oxide dielectric film layer. is doing.
- the oxide dielectric film layer was formed by physical vapor deposition using a film forming material mainly composed of Si C and Si and controlling the amount of oxygen gas introduced. It must be composed of a Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) film with an extinction coefficient at 50 nm of 0.005 to 0.05.
- the physical vapor deposition method include a vacuum deposition method, an ion beam sputtering method, a magnetron sputtering method, and an ion plating method.
- the film in contact with the resin film substrate of the absorption type multilayer film is composed of the above oxide dielectric film layer.
- Each film thickness of the oxide dielectric film layer is 3 ⁇ ! It is desirable to be ⁇ 150 nm. This is because if each film thickness is less than 3 nm, the contribution as an optical thin film is small, and it may be difficult to control the film thickness. Furthermore, it may be difficult to suppress the phenomenon in which the transmittance increases due to the acidity of the absorption film layer in a high temperature and high humidity environment. On the other hand, when the thickness of each oxide dielectric film layer exceeds 150 nm, such a thick film is not necessary for designing an optical thin film having a wavelength of 550 nm and is not preferable in terms of production efficiency.
- the absorption film layer was formed by physical vapor deposition with the introduction of oxygen gas stopped, the refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm was 1.5 to 3.0, and the extinction coefficient was 1.5 to 4 It is necessary to be composed of 0 metal film.
- the metal film formed without intentionally introducing oxygen at the time of film formation is a T i Ox or Ta having absorption due to oxygen deficiency formed by intentionally introducing oxygen at the time of film formation. 2
- the extinction coefficient is higher than that of metal oxide films such as Ox.
- the above metal film having a high extinction coefficient can be made thinner than the metal oxide film in order to obtain the same extinction coefficient. This is desirable.
- the metal film easily oxidizes, the extinction coefficient decreases, and the transmittance of the ND filter increases. Therefore, in the present invention, as the above-mentioned oxidic dielectric film layer adjacent to this metal film, film formation is performed by physical vapor deposition using a film forming material mainly composed of S i C and S i.
- the absorption film layer is constructed by adopting a Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) film with an extinction coefficient of 0.005 to 0.05 at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the metal film is formed by the physical vapor deposition method in which the introduction of oxygen gas is stopped as described above.
- the metal film is formed in the physical vapor deposition apparatus due to the formation of the oxide dielectric film layer. It may be slightly acidified by the slight residual oxygen gas.
- the degree of oxidation is extremely low compared to metal oxide films such as Ti Ox and Ta 2 Ox that absorb due to oxygen vacancies, and the refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm is 1 ⁇ 5 to 3.0.
- it if it satisfies the requirement of 1.5 to 4.0, it can be applied as the above metal film.
- an absorption film layer composed of a metal film having a refractive index of 1.5 to 3.0 and an extinction coefficient of 1.5 to 4.0 formed by physical vapor deposition at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the film thickness is desirably 3 nm to 20 nm.
- the metal film constituting the absorption film layer is preferably made of Ni simple substance or Ni alloy. Any metal material used as an absorption film layer of an optical thin film tends to be oxidized and its extinction coefficient decreases, but Ni simple substance or Ni-based alloy is a metal that is relatively difficult to acidify. is there.
- the Ni alloy is preferably an Ni alloy to which one or more elements selected from Ti, Al, V, W, Ta, and Si forces are added. The reason for this is as follows.
- a metal film is formed using an Ni-based alloy material to which one or more elements selected from Ti, Al, V, W, Ta, and Si are added. May be configured.
- Ni-based alloy material containing Ti elements in a range of 5 to 15% by weight.
- the reason why the lower limit of the Ti amount is 5% by weight is that it is possible to extremely weaken the ferromagnetic properties by including 5% by weight or more. Even with a force sword in which a normal magnet with a low magnetic force is arranged, the direct current magneto This is because sputtering film formation can be performed. In addition, because the magnetic field shielding ability by the target is low, the change in the leakage magnetic field in the plasma space depending on target consumption is small, and a constant film formation rate can be maintained, so that film formation can be performed stably.
- the reason for setting the upper limit of Ti amount to 15.0 wt% is that if Ti is contained exceeding 15.0 wt%, a large amount of intermetallic compounds may be formed. It is.
- the amount of addition of A 1 element, V element, W element, Ta element, Si element is also determined for the same reason, such as A 1 element, V element, W element, Ta element, Si element.
- the addition ratio of a 1 element is 3-8 wt%
- the addition ratio of the V element is 3 to 9% by weight
- the ratio is 5 to 1 2 weight 0 /.
- ⁇ S i element addition It is preferable to make the Ni alloy material added in the range of 2 to 6% by weight.
- the optical constants reffractive index, extinction coefficient
- the film that uses the metal used for the absorption film layer as a raw material undergoes oxidation after being exposed to the atmosphere after film formation, so only the absorption film layer (single layer) is measured.
- the measured values of the optical constants when the ND filter is configured may differ greatly.
- the ND filter configured, measure the optical constants of the oxide dielectric film layer and the absorber film layer, and redesign the film structure of the ND filter again based on the optical constants obtained here. It is ideal to obtain the optimum film configuration by repeating this process.
- the method for manufacturing an absorption multilayer ND filter according to the present invention includes an absorption multilayer film in which an oxide dielectric film layer and an absorption film layer are alternately laminated on at least one surface of a substrate made of a resin film. Based on the premise of a manufacturing method of an absorption type multi-layer ND filter with a wavelength of 550 by physical vapor deposition using a deposition material mainly composed of Si C and Si and controlling the amount of oxygen gas introduced.
- the film forming material (target) mainly containing S i C and S i any material can be applied as long as it is a film forming material mainly containing S i C and S i.
- the film configuration of an absorption multilayer ND filter having an average transmittance of 12.5% is shown in Table 1, and its spectral transmission characteristics are shown in Table 1. Shown in the figure.
- the oxide dielectric film layer uses a film-forming material (target) mainly composed of S i C and S i, and the amount of oxygen gas introduced is controlled.
- Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x 2) films formed by open-sputtering are applied, and the absorption layer is compared to confirm the effect of this effort.
- the Ti film which is a metal that is easily oxidized, is used.
- the above S i CyOx (0 (y ⁇ O.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) film
- the above S i Cy Since compositional analysis of the O x film is technically difficult, the condition that the extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm is finally 0.005 to 0.05 is determined by measuring the optical characteristics of the Si Cy Ox film. It is necessary to determine and control the deposition conditions.
- the film formation conditions differ depending on the additives and impurities of the film formation material, the residual gas during film formation, and the growth rate of the gas released from the substrate.
- the extinction coefficient of the refractive index may vary greatly.
- the metal that is Ti is used as a film-forming material, and the introduction of oxygen gas is stopped, and physical vapor deposition such as vacuum deposition, ion beam sputtering, magnetron sputtering, and ion plating is used.
- the film that satisfies the conditions that the absorption film layer obtained by this method becomes a metal film with a refractive index of 1.5 to 3 at a wavelength of 550 nm and an extinction coefficient of 1.5 to 4.0. It is necessary to obtain and control conditions.
- the metal in addition to Ti, the Ni, Ni alloy, C, W ⁇ Ta, Nb, or the like can be used.
- the outermost layer of the absorption type multilayer film composed of the oxide dielectric film layer and the absorption film layer is formed with Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1. 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) It is necessary to form a dielectric dielectric film layer composed of a film, and more preferably, the film in contact with the resin film substrate (PET) of the absorption multilayer film is also S i CyO x (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x x 2) It is recommended to be composed of an oxide dielectric film layer consisting of a film (see Table 1).
- the material of the resin film constituting the substrate is not particularly limited, but a transparent one is preferable, and in consideration of mass productivity, the substrate may be a flexible substrate capable of dry sputtering roll coating described later. preferable.
- the flexible substrate is superior in that it is cheaper, lighter and more deformable than conventional glass substrates.
- Specific examples of the resin film constituting the substrate include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether oleorenophone (PES), polyarylate (PAR), polycarbonate (PC), polyolefin (PO), and norbornene resin.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PES polyether oleorenophone
- PAR polyarylate
- PC polycarbonate
- PO polyolefin
- norbornene resin examples thereof include a single resin film selected from the materials, or a composite of a single resin film selected from the resin materials and an acrylic organic film covering one or both surfaces of the single resin.
- norbornene resin materials representatives of ZEONOR (trade name
- a target composed mainly of Si C and Si is used as a film forming material, and a PET film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ slit at 30 Omm is used as the substrate, and the amount of oxygen gas introduced is reduced during film formation.
- the spectroscopic optical properties of the oxide dielectric film layer consisting of Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x 2) films obtained by the control were investigated.
- a sputtering roll coater is used for the film formation, and the target for forming the oxide dielectric film layer is a target mainly composed of S i C and S i (where S i C: S i is 70 to 90% by weight ratio: 30 to 10%), or a target composed of high purity SiC.
- a turbo molecular pump was used as the exhaust pump.
- Sputtering was performed by Duanore magnetron sputtering using the above-mentioned target mainly composed of S i C and Si, and oxygen introduction was controlled by an impedance monitor. The smaller the impedance control setting value, the more oxygen is introduced.
- dual magnetron sputtering is a method to suppress the occurrence of arcing by alternately applying a medium frequency (40 kHz) pulse to two targets in order to form an insulating film at high speed. This is a sputtering method that prevents the formation of a layer.
- the impedance monitor applies the phenomenon that the impedance between the target electrodes changes depending on the amount of oxygen introduced, so that the film to be formed becomes a film of the desired mode in the transition region between the metal mode and the oxide mode. It is used to control and monitor the amount of oxygen introduced to form an oxide dielectric film layer at high speed.
- the film obtained by using the above-mentioned target mainly composed of S i C and S i is As the oxygen partial pressure during film increases (oxygen introduction amount is increased during film formation), the S i C y film (for abuses of the high vacuum only), S i CyOx film, and S I_ ⁇ 2 film It will change.
- the substrate is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the physical thickness of the Si CyOx film is about 45 Onm.
- Table 2 shows the impedance control setting values during Si C y O x deposition, the force sword voltage at 4 kW input, and the Si C y O x film extinction coefficient.
- the Si CyOx film looks visually transparent. Furthermore, when the impedance setting value during film formation is 38 or less, the Si CyOx film looks visually transparent. Furthermore, when the impedance setting is 35 to 45, the deposition rate at the same 4 kW input is improved by about 30%, so a reduction in deposition time (production cost) can be expected.
- the impedance control setting value is 36 or less, the S i C y O x film appears to be transparent visually, so it can be considered that S io 2 is acceptable.
- C is said to be 0.5 less than 5 at% of the following analytical limit. Comparing the impedance control set values of 38, 40, and 43, it is estimated that S i C is slightly increased.
- a target mainly composed of si C and Si is used as a film forming material, and vacuum deposition, ion beam sputtering, magnetron sputtering, The film is formed by physical vapor deposition such as ion plating, and the amount of oxygen introduced during film formation is controlled by using an impedance monitor, and the oxygen gas introduced during film formation is reduced.
- An oxide dielectric film layer having an extinction coefficient at 50 nm of 0.005 to 0.05 can be obtained.
- the impedance should be as shown in Table 2.
- the dance control set value should be set to 37-49.
- the extinction coefficient of the Si C y O x film exceeds 0.05, flat spectral transmission characteristics over the visible wavelength range (difference in transmittance in the visible range is within about 1.5%). It becomes difficult to obtain.
- the impedance control set value is set corresponding to the extinction coefficient of 0.05 to 0.03 at a wavelength of 55 nm. 3 7 to 4 5 should be set.
- the impedance control set value at the time of film formation is set to 40, and the absorption type multilayer ND filter according to Example 1 having the laminated structure shown in Table 1 and having the spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. was made.
- the obtained absorption-type multilayer ND filter was left in an environmental tester (manufactured by Espec) set at 80 ° C and 90%, and its environmental resistance was investigated. Then, take it out from the environmental testing machine at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and measure the spectral transmission characteristics with a self-recording spectrophotometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation) every 24 hours. The environmental resistance was examined from changes over time.
- Fig. 3 Graph of Fig. 3 (In Fig. 3 , in order of decreasing transmittance, the filters immediately after film formation, the return boundary test. 2 The filter after 4 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours correspond) Force, wavelength
- the transmittance at 5500 nm is about 0.3% at 24 hours, about 0.4% at 48 hours, and about 0.5% at 72 hours, even in high temperature and high humidity environments. It did not increase.
- the Si C y O x film is completely oxidized to set the impedance control setting value when the oxide dielectric film layer is formed using the target mainly composed of Si C and Si. It is set to 3 5 to become a transparent S i 0 2 film is, to produce the absorption type multi-layer film ND filter according to the comparative example having a spectral transmission characteristic of the laminated structure having and Figure 4 shown in Table 1 .
- the impedance control set value when the oxide dielectric film layer is formed is 4 0 (Refer to Fig. 1) and the oxide dielectric film layer immediately after the film formation according to Example 1 in which the extinction coefficient of the Si Cy x film at the wavelength of 550 is 0.010.
- the spectral transmission characteristics immediately after film formation according to Example 1 are compared with the spectral transmission characteristics immediately after film formation according to the comparative example.
- the transmittance on the short wavelength side (wavelength 400 ⁇ ! To 700 nm) is decreasing.
- the reason for this is that in the absorption multilayer film according to Example 1, the extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm is 0.005 to 0.05, 3 100 (0 ⁇ y ⁇ .0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) Since the above-mentioned oxide dielectric film layer is composed of a film, the absorption on the short wavelength side in the visible wavelength region of the oxide dielectric film layer according to Example 1 is the acid according to the comparative example. This is because it is larger than the dielectric dielectric film layer.
- the maximum transmittance in the visible wavelength range is smaller than the spectral transmission characteristics immediately after the film formation according to the comparative example, and the visible wavelength range (wavelength 400 nm).
- the transmittance difference of each wavelength at ( ⁇ 700 nm) is reduced, and the flatness of the spectral transmission characteristics defined by the difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance in the visible wavelength range divided by the average transmittance is improved. Is done. From FIG. 4, the flatness of the spectral transmission characteristic according to the comparative example is 10.6%, whereas the flatness of the spectral transmission characteristic according to Example 1 has been improved to 5.8%.
- the impedance control setting value when forming the oxide dielectric S enormous layer is set to 35 (the extinction coefficient of the Si Cy Ox film at a wavelength of 550 nm is less than 0.001).
- the impedance control set value is set to 36 (the extinction coefficient of the Si CyO x film at a wavelength of 550 nm is 0.002).
- the same tendency that is, the tendency of high transmittance on the short wavelength side in the visible wavelength region
- the absorption multilayer ND filter according to the comparative example was also left in the environmental test machine set at 80 ° C. and 90%, and the environmental resistance was examined from the change over time.
- the specimens were taken out from the environmental testing machine at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours, and after 24 hours, the spectral transmission characteristics were measured with a self-recording spectrophotometer. The results are shown in Fig. 5. From the graph of Fig. 5 (in Fig.
- the filters after the film formation, in order of decreasing transmittance correspond to the filters after 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the environmental test), transmission at a wavelength of 55011 m
- the rate is about 1.0% in the 24th hour, about 1.5% in the 48th hour, and about 1.8% in the 72th hour when the absorbing layer is oxidized in a high temperature and high humidity environment. Was confirmed.
- S i Cy Ox (0 extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 5 5 0 nm is not fully oxidized is 0. 005 ⁇ 0. 05 ⁇ y ⁇ 0 1, 1.5 ⁇ x 2)
- the film is superior to the fully oxidized S i 0 2 film in terms of oxygen and moisture, and the Si C y Ox film itself is It is conceivable that oxygen is hardly supplied to the absorption film layer because oxygen is insufficient.
- a PET film with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m slit to 3.00 mm was used for the substrate.
- a sputtering roll coater was used for film formation, and a target composed mainly of Si C and Si was used as the film forming material for the Si CyOx film layer.
- the target was sputtered by dual magnetron sputtering, and oxygen was controlled by an impedance monitor.
- Si Cy Ox (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2)
- the film transport speed when film thickness is 65 nm
- the film transport speed is approximately 0.25 mZ
- the film transport speed when film thickness is 10 nm is approximately 1.6 mZ.
- the film was transported at a film transport speed of about 0.8 mZ for a film thickness of 15 nm. Note that the sputter power is finely adjusted so that the film transport speed is the same as the film design shown in Table 1.
- an absorption multilayer film is formed by continuously changing the impedance control setting value.
- An absorption type multilayer ND filter according to Example 2 was produced. Using this absorption type multilayer ND filter, the portion of each impedance control setting value was cut out and used as an evaluation sample.
- Example 2 the evaluation sample of the absorption-type multilayer ND filter according to Example 2 is left in the environmental test machine set at 80 ° C. and high temperature and high humidity of 90%, and spectral transmission at a wavelength of 550 nm under the environment is performed. Changes in properties were measured. Table 3 shows the results of these evaluations.
- the impedance control set value is 37 or more, that is, Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2). ⁇ The change in spectral transmittance due to environmental tests has decreased since it became larger than 005. In addition, when the impedance control set value is 36 or less, the formed Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x 2) film appears to be transparent, so it is completely oxidized. it is considered to be close to the S i 0 2, which is an effect of improving environmental resistance it is confirmed low.
- the Si CyOxB extinction coefficient is preferably 0.03 or less.
- a 100 ⁇ m thick ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ film slit to 30 Omm was used as the substrate.
- a sputtering roll coater was used for film formation, and a target composed mainly of Si C and Si was used as the film forming material for the Si C y Ox film layer.
- the target was sputtered by dual magneto-mouth sputtering, and oxygen was controlled by an impedance monitor.
- the impedance control set value is continuously changed to form the absorption multilayer film.
- An absorption multilayer ND filter according to Example 3 was produced. This absorption multilayer ND filter was used as an evaluation sample by cutting out the portion of each impedance control setting value.
- the impedance control set value is 37 or more, that is, Si CyOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 2).
- the change in spectral transmittance due to environmental tests has decreased since 005 or higher.
- the impedance control set value is 3.6 or less, the deposited Si C yOx (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.1, 1.5 x 2) film is completely transparent because it looks transparent. 83833
- the absorption-type multilayer ND filter according to the present invention has a long-term reliability in a severe environment because the metal film constituting the absorption-layer of the absorption-type multilayer film is not easily oxidized in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. It has industrial applicability for small and thin digital power cameras that require high performance.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/085,863 US7894148B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-18 | Absorption type multi-layer film ND filter and process for producing the same |
CN2007800016332A CN101361010B (zh) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-18 | 吸收型多层膜nd滤光片及其制造方法 |
JP2007555015A JP4692548B2 (ja) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-18 | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターおよびその製造方法 |
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JP2006012320 | 2006-01-20 | ||
JP2006-012320 | 2006-01-20 |
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WO2007083833A1 true WO2007083833A1 (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
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PCT/JP2007/051116 WO2007083833A1 (ja) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-18 | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターおよびその製造方法 |
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US (1) | US7894148B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4692548B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080085842A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101361010B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI403762B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007083833A1 (ja) |
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JP2007321170A (ja) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-12-13 | Sony Corp | スパッタ成膜方法、光吸収膜並びにndフィルター |
JP2010054882A (ja) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルター |
JP2010054543A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルター |
JP2010180432A (ja) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-19 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化物誘電体膜の製造方法とデユアルカソードマグネトロンスパッタリング装置 |
JP2010191041A (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-09-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Ndフィルターの製造方法とこの方法により得られたndフィルター |
JP2010224350A (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターとその製造方法 |
JP2011107496A (ja) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターとその製造方法 |
JP2016194110A (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-17 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 多層膜構造体の製造方法 |
JP2018045249A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光学素子及びそれを有する光学系 |
JP2019081961A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2019-05-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 多層膜構造体の製造方法 |
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- 2007-01-18 WO PCT/JP2007/051116 patent/WO2007083833A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-01-18 JP JP2007555015A patent/JP4692548B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-18 CN CN2007800016332A patent/CN101361010B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-18 US US12/085,863 patent/US7894148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-18 KR KR1020087014627A patent/KR20080085842A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-01-19 TW TW096101988A patent/TWI403762B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JPH0593811A (ja) * | 1991-08-06 | 1993-04-16 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 光吸収膜 |
JP3359114B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-26 | 2002-12-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | 薄膜型ndフィルター及びその製造方法 |
JP2003043211A (ja) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-13 | Nidec Copal Corp | 薄膜型ndフィルタ及びその製造方法 |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2007321170A (ja) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-12-13 | Sony Corp | スパッタ成膜方法、光吸収膜並びにndフィルター |
JP2010054543A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルター |
JP2010054882A (ja) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルター |
JP2010180432A (ja) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-19 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 酸化物誘電体膜の製造方法とデユアルカソードマグネトロンスパッタリング装置 |
JP2010191041A (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-09-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Ndフィルターの製造方法とこの方法により得られたndフィルター |
JP2010224350A (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターとその製造方法 |
JP2011107496A (ja) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 吸収型多層膜ndフィルターとその製造方法 |
JP2016194110A (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-17 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 多層膜構造体の製造方法 |
JP2018045249A (ja) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光学素子及びそれを有する光学系 |
JP2019081961A (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2019-05-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 多層膜構造体の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20080085842A (ko) | 2008-09-24 |
CN101361010B (zh) | 2010-08-25 |
JPWO2007083833A1 (ja) | 2009-06-18 |
US20090080098A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
TWI403762B (zh) | 2013-08-01 |
TW200732710A (en) | 2007-09-01 |
JP4692548B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
CN101361010A (zh) | 2009-02-04 |
US7894148B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
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