US2099511A - Oscillator for the biological treatment of living tissue - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 16, 1937. v. CAEAR 2,099,511

OSOILLATOR FOR THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF LIVING TISSUE Filed Jan. 9, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 AAIAAAAA VEN TOR l zkior Caesar,

BY ATTOEN S Nov. 16, 1937. I v, CAESAR 2,099,511

OSCILLATOR FOR THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF LIVING TISSUE Filed Jan. 9, 1 934. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 W i 2r 122 Vzkzof Caesar,

ATTORNE Y5 Patented N 9. 16, 1937 UNITED. STATES oscmm'ron rjoa 'rnn BIOLOGICAL 'rnna'rmm: or uvmc 'nssun Viktor Caesar, Stuttgart, Germany Application January 9, 1934, Serial No. 705,951

' In Germany March 16, 1933 40laims.

This invention relates. to an oscillator for biologically treating'living tissue, particularly in cases of diseases of mucous membranes, and for enabling the ultra structure of tissue to be acted upon and 'changes brought about therein which can be adjusted and controlled as regards quantity and quality.

In the domain of bacterial diseases and infections, an apparatus embodying the invention pro- .duces particularly novel effects in that it fundamentally changes the matter in the infected living tissue.

Recent investigations (see Die Lokale Immunisierung, Leipzig, 1926, by A. Besredka, of the Pasteur Institute, Paris) have shown that the so called process of immunization which is necessary for the healing of bacterial diseases and in which a decomposition, opening up and reconstruction of the excitory substances takes place, proceeds in two stages, that is to say, flrstly, as a comparatively rapid opening up and reconstruction of soluble bacterial products to form the so called "antivirus, and secondly as a slower formation of the so-called anti-bodies.

The present invention is based upon the idea of treating bacterial diseases by substituting an irregular mechanico-electrical stimulation for the known regular irradiations or chemical preparations. The inventive concept is realized by the this invention and which is characterized by oposcillations, such as current strength, voltage, frequency, maximum amplitude, etc.

It has been found that the novel oscillator acts in quite a peculiar manner on the bacteria and at the same time, on the tissue of the attacked organism, whereby the immunization processes are considerably modified. The soluble immunizing substances are liberated at once, while the residual stromata of the bacteria become gradually and slowly active;

The dissolution of the bacteria and, thus, the release of the immunizing substances as obtained by the novel oscillator of this invention has also' the advantageous result that, contrary to the effect of chemical preparations, for instance," an adjustable local immunization is obtained.

50 The transmission of the oscillations to the object to be treated may preferably be. eifected by an electrode, which is constructed in such manner that itis surrounded by a jacket of-- dielectric.

material (which, if need be, may act at the same time as a carrier for some therapeutic substance) novel oscillator forming the principal feature ofand a layer of moisture surrounding this jacket and bounded by the mucous membrane, a layer of air on all sides being interposed between the electrode and this jacket of dielectric material.

In the drawings afflxed to my specification and forming part thereof, a number of embodiments of my invention are illustrated by way of example. It will be readily understood, however, that my invention is by no means limited to these constructions and that the scope of my invention and the ambit of my appended claims extends to any construction incorporating the broad principle underlying my invention.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of electrical circuits em bodied in the invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross section of a tube and object to be treated wherein oscillations are transmitted to the latter;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectionof one form of electrode employed for transmitting oscillations'according to the invention; and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of another form of electrode for the purposes specified.

In Fig. 1, ll denotes a suitable source of energy, such as a normal alternating current lighting main. A transformer, the secondary windings I6, I] of which are connected to the push-pull rectifier l8, l9 has its primary winding l4 supplied over the conductors l2, l3. To adjust or regulate the power in the primary circuit a hand-operated resistance 22 may be used or a resistance set 23 which can be varied by means of a motor driven switch. One example of resistance set 23, as .shown, includes four resistances of equal or unequal size connected up in parallel, and over the terminal contacts 25 of which the revolving cohtact 24 moves, thus increasing or diminishing in accordance with the distance apart of the contacts 25 and the length of the contacts 24, the number of resistances connectedin parallel according to the speed and rhythm of the driving mechanism. According to the size of the resistance switched into the circuit, the voltage and strength of the current in the primary alternating current circuit will vary and consequently also the dependent values in the secondary circuit of the transformer l5. Thus variations will occur in strength of the heating current, voltage of the secondary circult, anode voltage and finally the final efilciency.

means (indicated at 32). To allow the process of shaking up to be repeated at intervals according to requirements, an interrupter 35, 36 is placed in the primary alternating current circuit and in the ex-' ample shown, is driven by means of a motor 31 which is supplied from the main I I. The number of revolutions made by the motor may be adjusted or regulated as may be desired, say for example, by a brake 38 or any other regulating means that may be desirable, such as a reducing rheostat for example in the case of main current motors, whereby the succession. of the interruptions per unit or time may be varied. Provision is also made for regulating the length of time during which the circuit is closed, whereby during the various interruption the ratio per unit of time between the closing of the circuit and the length of the phase which is devoid of current can be varied relatively to each other.

On the transformer I5 there are arranged in addition to the secondary windings I6, I1, which lie in the anode circuit of the rectifier, two further coils 45, 46, of which the coil 45 serves to heat the cathodes oi. the rectiflers and the coil 46 to heat the cathode of the tube transmitter.

The continuous current circuit of the rectifiers leads across the conductors 50, the choking coil .52, the system of resistances 53, and the choking coil 54, to the anode 55 of the tube transmitter and from the cathode 56 across the conductors 60, 5| back to the anode branches of the rectifiers. The condensers 60, BI are connected up in parallel with the choking coil 52.

. A central tapping leads back across the conductor 5|, so that alternating currents superimposed upon the continuous current can equalize themselves. The alternating currents in the anode circuit of the transmitter can be equalized across the conductors 60, 62. The set of resistances 53 consists preferably of small bars or rods of resistance material, the resistance of which within the ranges involved here, is independent of the heating, such for example as Ocellit. The resistances are connected up rhythmically or arhythmically in greater or lesser numbers in parallel or in series by means oi. the contacts 65 and the revolving controlling or operating contact 68 as described in connection with 23 above, the motor contact 66 being driven by means of the motor and worm 68 which are supplied from the main II and can be adjusted if need be by means of the resistance 60. By varying the resistance it is possible to obtain according to the working of the motor 01 a rhythmical or arhythmical rise and fall of the anode voltage, which can be read oil on the voltmeter 10. The variation of the resistances simultaneously adjusts or regulates the capacity or output of the transmitter tube, so that by means thereof important factors which determine the character of the oscillations are varied at temporary intervals. The grid 80 is controlled by condensers 8I and self induction coils 82 which are connected up in Parallel and the number of which can be varied with the help of the motor switches 83, 84, 85, 86 or 93, 94, 95, 96, so that the oscillations which are to be produced can be adjusted according to their frequency, while trains of waves of any desired longer or shorter length can be produced at any desired distance one behind the other either rhythmically or arhythmically. To regulate the motors 61, 85, 9-5, any desired kind of arrangements such as resistances 69, 81, 91 for example, may be employed.

The self-induction coils82 are mounted on-the core I of a transformer, on which the coil IOI supplied from the anode circuit of the oscillator is mounted, so that a back coupling between this coil and the coils 32 is produced. The continuous current is cut off from the anode circuit by the block condenser I04. The oscillation can be made of use by the high tension circuit I of the transformer I00, one pole I06 being grounded and the other one I01 to the tissue which is to be acted upon, an insulator, such as a rubberplate for example, being placed between the tissue and the ground. On the other hand it is also possible to-connectthe treatment circuit, plates 0, III across the block condensers H2, H3 directly to the grid circuit 8|, 82 so that on the one hand a simplified system of connections is obtained while on the other hand the oscillations of the grid can be made of use as radiations or as static charges for acting on the tissue and consequently very low current strengths corresponding to the strength of the current ,in the grid circuit can be worked with.

The invention is not limited to the arrangement of the oscillator herein described. Other oscillators, such as mechanical ones for example, may be used which are provided with suitable switch gear and which permit of the character of the oscillations being varied according to all or the most important of. their factors at intervals which can be adjusted or varied in any desired manner and oscillatory effects of as many different kinds as possible allowed to act in succession at short intervals of time on the tissue which is to be acted upon.

The effect of the oscillator according to this invention can be considerably increased and favourably influenced if electrodes be used for the transmission of the oscillations such as are shown as constructional examples in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. In this case the mode of procedureadopted may with advantage be such that the tissue is simultaneously charged with suitable medicaments, just as conversely the introduction of medicaments such as metallic salts for example into the diseased tissue can be considerably assisted by the action of the oscillator according to this invention and by the use of the oscillatory electrode used therewith.

When in use, the electrode, used so to speak as an aerial and after being charged for example with medicament I30 with the interposition of a liquid conductor of the second class (diagrammatically indicated in the drawings by the hollow space I3I) is applied to the diseased tissue, the moisture of the mucous membrane or solvents of the therapeutic agent or other liquids can serve as conductors which, for example, assist the introduction of the therapeutic agent but prevent the solution thereof. 'A counter electrode such as is necessary for example in therapeutic short wave practice for emissions, is not required. A closed circuitis therefore not employed, but a more electrostatic charging of the structure of the tissue is brought about. The interposition of two dielectrics, air (I25) and the jacket (I26) increases in this case the radiation or oscillatory charging efiect by a multiple in comparison, with the use of a bright or polished electrode.

The advantageous action of this arrangement can be still further increased if the instrument ment according to this invention then acts as "one element of a double condenser arrangement,

in which'the electrode [2. acts as one condenser coating for the first condenser, the object I35 on which the instrument is used as the other coating and the layer oi air I25 and the dielectric I26 as insulating layers.

the one coating for the second condenser, the ground I31 forms the secondcoatingand the rubber plate I36 the insulatinglayer. y

The unipolar application of the instrument to the .body ensures that any therapeutic agent,

such for example as a silver solution, which, as indicated at I30, is applied to the soft rubber Jacket I28, is not subjected to any primary electric decomposition and consequently is not conveyed into the tissue in a primarily ionized state.

Elaborate investigations have shown that the action of the subject matter of theiinvention on the diseased tissue is primarily of a biological and not of a chemical or physical nature.

The oscillatory stimulus produced by the apparatus according to this invention acts 'flrst on the so called Rouget cells in the tissue and in such a way that the intercellular spaces between the cells of the integumental epithelium, thebloodvessel epithelium and the epithelium of the lymphatic vessels are very considerably eniarged and the permeability of the walls of the in an extremely fine state of subdivision which has not been possible heretofore.

The oscillatory electrode may be supplied with any desired frequencies and any desirable strengths of current. The combined action of the oscillation and of the therapeutic agent introduced by the instrument according to the present invention enables in each case great intensiflcation and acceleration of immunizing reactions in diseases of the mucous membranes to be obtained.

" into thehuman urethra. Inthiscase forpack- The tom of the instrument according tothis invention may be. adapied to suit the various purposes to which it is to be put, particularly the anatomical shape of the organs'which are to be treated with it.

Thus for example the dielectric jacket may surround'a' rod-shaped electrode I". in a form resembling a catheter," as shown inJlg. 3 for cases where the instrument is to be introduced ing purposes there is mounted on the rear stem of the dielectric a rubberplug I, which con-: time the layer of liquid I between the rubber jacket I and the 'mucous membrane 6 and thereby assists the electrical charging of the diseased tissue and also the "introduction of the therapeutic agent into the ultra structure of the tissue.

The object, again, onwhich the instrument is used acts as a whole as numberof said resistances in the circuit.

Fig. 4 shows an oscillatoryelectrode for uterine I 3 treatment. The electrode in and 86a rubber Jacket Iii are shaped to flt the curvature of the vagina. I The womb is closed by a plug I52, while the endof the jacket Iii, coated with a solution or some therapeutic solution I53 for example, 6

is in direct contact with the diseased mucous membrane.

Having thus described my' invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat-' cut, is: v l0 1. In a device for biological treatment of the,

ultra structure of living tissue, two terminalv members, one offsaid members being connectible to a ground and the other member being con: nectible to the tissue to be treated, a tube transl5 mitter connected across said members for pro ducing electrical oscillations, and means for eeding electrical energy to said tube .transmitter;- said means comprising a rectifier, a primary circult for feeding current to said rectifier, a sec- .20 ondary circuit for conducting a continuous current irom the rectifier to said transmitter tube, means in said primary circuit for periodically opening and closing said primary circuit, and revolving circuit-breaking means in said secondary circuit for varying the characteristics of said oscillations.

2. In a device tor producing oscillations for the biological treatment of the ultra structure of living tissue, a sourceof electric current, means in 30 circuit with said source 'and energized therebytor producing oscillations and mechanism in the circuit between the source and the flrst'men tioned means for continuously varying thecharacter of the current flowing in said circuit; said 35 mechanism comprising a'plurality of switch devices ior opening and closing the circuit, a motor for operating each or said switch devices, and means for varying the speed of each of said motors.

3. In a device for producing oscillations tor. the bilogical treatment of the ultra structure of living tissue, a source of electric current, means in circuit with said source and energized thereby .ior producing oscillations, mechanism in the cir- 4i cuit between the .source and said means for continuously varying the character of the current flowing in said circuitin such manner as to vary continuously and in irregular sequence the periodicity, amplitude and wave form or the oscil- 50 lations; said mechanism including a set of resistances, condensers and self-induction coils,. and means for periodically app ying a varyin 4. In an oscillator for the biological treatment 'ot the ultra structure of living tissue, a source of electric current, a tube transmitterin circuit. with and fed from said source motor driven means in said circuit for continuously varying the values which determine the current and characteristics of said oscillations, said tube transmitter having an anode and a grid and circults therefor, variable capacity condenser means mitter. vrx'roa Canaan.

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