TWI744773B - 表面處理銅箔及銅箔基板 - Google Patents
表面處理銅箔及銅箔基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI744773B TWI744773B TW109101297A TW109101297A TWI744773B TW I744773 B TWI744773 B TW I744773B TW 109101297 A TW109101297 A TW 109101297A TW 109101297 A TW109101297 A TW 109101297A TW I744773 B TWI744773 B TW I744773B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- copper foil
- layer
- treated
- treated copper
- treatment
- Prior art date
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002335 surface treatment layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGPAJJPJQNBBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-trimethoxysilylhex-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)C(CC)[Si](OC)(OC)OC PGPAJJPJQNBBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVTACSRUXCUEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-6-triethoxysilylhex-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCC(=O)C(C)=C BVTACSRUXCUEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHOYHKVQNJDASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS.CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS IHOYHKVQNJDASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAYWTJPBIQKDRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-trimethoxysilyloctyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GAYWTJPBIQKDRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001074 Tenite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCIVOBGSMSSVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L stannous sulfate Chemical compound [SnH2+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RCIVOBGSMSSVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000375 tin(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLSFXUALGZKXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3-propoxypropyl)silane Chemical compound CCCOCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NLSFXUALGZKXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXRIEAKKQPAUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1.CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 RXRIEAKKQPAUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/04—Wires; Strips; Foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/16—Electroplating with layers of varying thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0438—Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
- H01M4/0469—Electroforming a self-supporting electrode; Electroforming of powdered electrode material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0237—High frequency adaptations
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Abstract
一種表面處理銅箔,包括處理面,其中處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2。
Description
本揭露係關於一種銅箔的技術領域,特別是關於一種表面處理銅箔及其銅箔基板。
隨著電子產品逐漸朝向輕薄以及傳遞高頻訊號的趨勢發展,對於銅箔和銅箔基板的需求也日益提昇。一般而言,銅箔基板的銅導電線路會被絕緣載板承載,且藉由導電線路的布局設計,其可將電訊號沿著預定之路徑傳遞至預定區域。此外,對於用於傳遞高頻電訊號(例如高於10GHz)的銅箔基板而言,其銅箔基板的導電線路亦必須進一步優化,以降低因集膚效應(skin effect)而產生的訊號傳遞損失(signal transmission loss)。所謂的集膚效應,是指隨著電訊號的頻率增加,電流的傳遞路徑會愈集中於導線的表面,尤其是愈集中於緊鄰於載板的導線表面。為了降低集膚效應而產生的訊號傳遞損失,現有作法是盡可能將銅箔基板中緊鄰於載板的導線表面予以平坦化。此外,為了同時維持導線表面和載板間的附著性,亦可採用反轉處理銅箔(reverse treated foil,RTF)以製作導線。其中,反轉處理銅箔係指銅箔的輥筒面(drum side)會被施行粗化處理製程的一種銅箔。
然而,即便上述作法確實可有效降低銅箔基板所產生的訊號傳遞損
失,其仍存有待克服的技術缺失。舉例而言,由於面向載板的導線表面會較平坦,因此導線和載板間的附著性通常會較低。在這樣的情況下,即便採用了反轉處理銅箔以製作導線,銅箔基板中的導線仍很容易自載板的表面剝離,致使電訊號無法沿著預定路徑傳遞至預定區域。
因此,仍有必要提供一種表面處理銅箔及銅箔基板,以解決先前技術中所存在之缺失。
有鑑於此,本揭露係提供有一種改良的表面處理銅箔及銅箔基板,解決了先前技術中所存在的缺失。
根據本揭露的一實施例,係提供一種表面處理銅箔,表面處理銅箔包括處理面,且處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2。
可選擇地,根據本揭露的另一實施例,係提供一種表面處理銅箔,表面處理銅箔包括電解銅箔以及設置於電解銅箔的輥筒面的表面處理層。其中,表面處理層包括粗化層,且表面處理層的外側為表面處理銅箔的處理面。處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2。
根據本揭露的又一實施例,係提供一種銅箔基板。銅箔基板包括載板以及設置於載板的至少一表面的表面處理銅箔,其中,表面處理銅箔包括電解銅箔以及表面處理層,該表面處理層設置在電解銅箔和載板之間。表面處理層包括面向載板的處理面,且處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2。
根據上述實施例,藉由將表面處理銅箔的處理面的實體體積(Vm)控制為小於1.90μm3/μm2,當後續將表面處理銅箔壓合至載板時,能保持較低的訊號傳遞損失程度。
100:表面處理銅箔
100A:處理面
110:電解銅箔
110A:第一面
110B:第二面
112:表面處理層
114:粗化層
116:鈍化層
118:防鏽層
120:耦合層
204:實體體積
204A:波峰部實體體積
204B:核心部實體體積
300:帶狀線
302:導線
304:樹脂載板
306-1:接地電極
306-2:接地電極
h:厚度
t:厚度
w:寬度
第1圖是根據本揭露一實施例所繪示的表面處理銅箔的剖面示意圖。
第2圖是本揭露一實施例的表面處理銅箔的表面高度和負載率間的關係圖。
第3圖是根據本揭露一實施例所繪示的帶狀線(strip-line)的示意圖。
於下文中,係加以陳述表面處理銅箔、銅箔基板及印刷電路板的具體實施方式,俾使本技術領域中具有通常技術者可據以實現本發明。該些具體實施方式可參考相對應的圖式,使該些圖式構成實施方式之一部分。雖然本揭露之實施例揭露如下,然而其並非用以限定本揭露,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本揭露之精神和範疇內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾。其中,各實施例以及實驗例所使用的方法,如無特別說明,則為常規方法。
針對本揭露中所提及的空間相關的敘述詞彙,「在...上」及「在...上方」等用語在本揭露中的含義應該以最寬泛方式來解釋,使得「在...上」及「在...上方」等用語不僅指直接處於某物上,而且還可以包括在有中間特徵或中間層位於二者之間的情況下而處於某物上,並且「在...上」或「在...上方」不僅指處於某物之上或上方,而且還可以包括在二者之間沒有中間特徵或中間層的情況下而處於在某物之上或上方(即直接處於某物上)之態樣。
此外,在下文中除非有相反的指示,本揭露及申請專利範圍所闡述的數值參數係約略數,其可視需要而變化,或至少應根據所揭露之有意義的位數數字並且使用通常的進位方式,以解讀各個數值參數。本揭露中,範圍可表示為從一端點至另一端點,或是在兩個端點之間。除非特別聲明,否則本揭露中的所有範圍皆包含端點。
須知悉的是,在不脫離本揭露的精神下,下文所描述的不同實施方式中的技術特徵彼此間可以被置換、重組、混合,以構成其他的實施例。
第1圖是根據本揭露一實施例所繪示的表面處理銅箔的剖面示意圖。如第1圖所示,表面處理銅箔100係至少包括電解銅箔110。電解銅箔110的厚度通常大於或等於6μm,例如介於7至250μm之間,或介於9至210μm之間。電解銅箔110可透過電沉積(或稱電解、電解沉積、電鍍)製程而被形成。電解銅箔110具有兩相對設置的第一面110A和第二面110B。根據本揭露的一實施例,電解銅箔的輥筒面(drum side)可以對應至電解銅箔110的第一面110A,而電解銅箔的沉積面(deposited side)可以對應至電解銅箔110的第二面110B,但不限定於此。
根據本揭露的一實施例,電解銅箔110的第一面110A和第二面110B上可分別設置有其他的層,例如可在第一面110A設置表面處理層112。根據本揭露的其他實施例,電解銅箔110的第一面110A和第二面110B可以進一步設置有其他的單層或多層結構、或是第一面110A的表面處理層112可以被其他的單層或多層結構取代、或是第一面110A和第二面110B未設置有任何層,但不限定於此。因此,在這些實施例中,表面處理銅箔100的處理面100A和位於處理面100A相反側的表面可能會對應至其他單層或多層結構的外側面,或可能會對應至電解銅箔110的第一面110A和第二面110B,但不限定於此。
前述表面處理層112可以是單層,或是包括多個子層的堆疊層。對於表面處理層112是堆疊層之情形,各子層可選自由粗化層114、鈍化層116、防鏽層118以及耦合層120所構成之群組。對於設置有表面處理層112的表面處理銅箔100而言,表面處理層112的外側面可以被視為是表面處理銅箔100的處理面100A,經由後續將表面處理銅箔100壓合至載板的製程,此處理面100A會接觸載板。根據本揭露的一實施例,表面處理層112設置於電解銅箔110的輥筒面,且包含粗化層114。根據本揭露的一實施例,表面處理層112設置於電解銅箔110
的輥筒面,且包含粗化層114及鈍化層116。根據本揭露的一實施例,表面處理層112設置於電解銅箔110的輥筒面,且包含粗化層114、鈍化層116及防鏽層118。
粗化層包括粗化粒子(nodule)。其中,粗化粒子可用於增進電解銅箔的表面粗糙度,而粗化粒子可為銅粗化粒子或銅合金粗化粒子。根據本揭露的一實施例,可額外設置覆蓋層,以設置於粗化層上,且包含銅。覆蓋層可用於防止粗化粒子自電解銅箔剝落。
鈍化層可以是相同或不同組成,例如是金屬層或金屬合金層。其中,前述金屬層可以選自但不限於鎳、鋅、鉻、鈷、鉬、鐵、錫,及釩,例如是:鎳層、鎳鋅合金層、鋅層、鋅錫合金層或鉻層。此外,金屬層及金屬合金層可以是單層或多層結構,例如彼此堆疊的含鋅及含鎳的單層。當為多層結構時,各層間的堆疊順序可以依據需要而調整,並無一定限制,例如含鋅層疊於含鎳層上,或含鎳層疊於含鋅層上。
防鏽層係施加至金屬之被覆層,其可用於避免金屬受到腐蝕等而劣化。防鏽層包含金屬或有機化合物。當防鏽層包含金屬時,前述金屬可以是鉻或鉻合金,而鉻合金可進一步包含選自鎳、鋅、鈷、鉬、釩及其組合中之一者。當防鏽層包含有機化合物時,前述有機化合物可以選自由三唑、噻唑、咪唑及其衍生物所組成之群組中之至少一者。
耦合層可以是由矽烷製成,其可選自但不限於3-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,APTES)、N-2-(胺基乙基)-3-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷(N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane)、縮水甘油氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷((3-glycidyloxypropyl)triethoxysilane)、8-縮水甘油氧基辛基三甲氧基矽烷((8-glycidyloxyoctyl)trimethoxysilane)、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷(methacryloylpropyltriethoxysilane)、8-甲基丙烯醯氧基辛基三甲氧基矽烷(methacryloyloctyltrimethoxysilane)、3-丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷
(methacryloylpropyltrimethoxysilane)、3-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷((3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane)、3-縮水甘油丙基三甲氧基矽烷((3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane),其係用於增進電解銅箔與其他材料(例如載板)間的附著性。
根據本揭露的實施例,由於表面處理層中的鈍化層、防鏽層和耦合層的總和厚度遠小於粗化層的厚度,因此表面處理銅箔的處理面的表面型態主要受粗化層的影響。
藉由控制表面處理銅箔的處理面的表面特性,可於高頻下達到較低的傳遞損失。例如,可控制表面處理銅箔的處理面的實體體積(Vm),使所製備的銅箔基板具有良好的傳輸特性。
上述實體體積(Vm)係如第2圖所示,其係依據標準方法ISO 25178-2:2012而得。第2圖是本揭露一實施例的表面處理銅箔的表面高度和負載率間的關係圖。其中,實體體積(Vm)204之計算係將曲線下方及水平切割線上方所圍住的實體之體積予以積分,其中水平切割線係該曲線在負載率(material ratio,mr)為P2時所對應之高度。亦即,實體體積(Vm)204為負載率(mr)為0%至負載率(mr)為P2(80%)之區間內,負載率(mr)為P2(80%)時所對應的高度的水平切割線上方及曲線下方所圍繞的範圍。此外,實體體積(Vm)204係由波峰部實體體積(Vmp)204A和核心部實體體積(Vmc)204B加總而得。進一步而言,波峰部實體體積(Vmp)204A之計算係將曲線下方及另一水平切割線上方所圍住的實體之體積予以積分,其中該另一水平切割線之位置係該曲線在負載率(mr)為P1時所對應之高度;而核心部實體體積(Vmc)204B之計算係將曲線及兩水平切割線所圍住的實體之體積予以積分,其中兩水平切割線之位置係該曲線分別在負載率(mr)為P1和P2時所對應之高度。需注意的是,如未特別聲明,本揭露所指的實體體積(Vm)係為負載率(mr)為0%至80%區間所計算之值。
在本揭露的一具體實施態樣中,表面處理銅箔的處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2,即0至1.90μm3/μm2,較佳為0.11至1.86μm3/μm2,更佳為0.25至0.85μm3/μm2。當實體體積(Vm)在前述範圍時,對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,可以減少在高頻下的訊號傳遞損失。
在本揭露的另一具體實施態樣中,表面處理銅箔的處理面的算術平均高度(Sa)可為0.10至2.02μm,較佳為0.19至2.00μm,更佳為0.49至1.53μm。當算術平均高度(Sa)在前述範圍時,可以提高表面處理銅箔和相接觸的載板的剝離強度。
在本揭露的另一具體實施態樣中,可以藉由控制表面處理銅箔的化學組成來達到高信賴性,而信賴性測試係用於評估該表面處理銅箔製備的銅箔基板和電路板承受高溫、高壓及高濕度條件的能力。此測試有助於評估如電路板之樹脂密封裝置於回流焊接期間的耐熱性,並且能夠將此測試作為加速測試,以預測在電路板製程的回流步驟期間是否會形成因加熱所造成的樹脂裂紋,同時能夠評估所製造的銅箔基板或電路板在儲存和運輸中的預期表現。
在本揭露的另一具體實施態樣中,表面處理銅箔的含氧量小於469ppm,較佳為小於349ppm,更佳為53至348ppm。在本揭露的另一具體實施態樣中,含氫量小於40ppm,較佳為小於30ppm,更佳為5至29ppm。當含氧量或含氫量在前述範圍時,使用該表面處理銅箔製備的銅箔基板和電路板可以具有高信賴性。
銅箔基板至少包括表面處理銅箔和載板。其中,表面處理銅箔包括電解銅箔以及表面處理層,該表面處理層設置在電解銅箔和載板之間。其中,表面處理銅箔的處理面係面向且直接接觸載板。
其中,上述載板可採用電木板、高分子板、或玻璃纖維板,但並不限於此。所述高分子板的高分子成份可例舉如:環氧樹脂(epoxy resin)、酚醛樹
脂(phenolic resins)、聚酯樹脂(polyester resins)、聚醯亞胺樹脂(polyimide resins)、壓克力(acrylics)、甲醛樹脂(formaldehyde resins)、雙馬來醯亞胺三嗪樹脂(bismaleimidetriazine resins,又稱BT樹脂)、氰酸酯樹脂(cyanate ester resin)、含氟聚合物(fluoropolymers)、聚醚碸(poly ether sulfone)、纖維素熱塑性塑料(cellulosic thermoplastics)、聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate)、聚烯烴(polyolefins)、聚丙烯(polypropylene)、聚硫化物(polysulfide)、聚氨酯(polyurethane)、聚醯亞胺樹脂(polyimide)、液晶高分子(Liquid Crystal Polymer,LCP)、聚氧二甲苯(polyphenyleneoxide,PPO)。上述玻璃纖維板可以是玻璃纖維不織物料浸泡於前述高分子(如:環氧樹脂)後所形成的預浸漬材料(prepreg)。
在下文中,係進一步針對表面處理銅箔、以及銅箔基板的製作方法予以例示性地描述。
(1)步驟A
施行步驟A,以提供電解銅箔。可以採用製箔機,以電解沉積(electrodeposition)的方式形成電解銅箔。製箔機至少包括金屬陰極輥筒、不溶性金屬陽極板、以及電解液入料管(feeding pipe)。其中,金屬陰極輥筒是可轉動的輥筒,金屬陽極板可分離固設在金屬陰極輥筒的下半部,以包圍金屬陰極輥筒的下半部。入料管可固設在金屬陰極輥筒的正下方,且位於兩金屬陽極板之間。入料管的長度方向係平行於金屬陰極輥筒之軸向,並在入料管的長度方向上設置多個開口,使電解液可沿著陰極輥筒的長度大致均勻地分散。金屬陰極輥筒和金屬陽極板間的最短距離、以及入料管中心和金屬陽極板間的距離為可控制的。
在電解沉積過程中,電解液入料管會持續提供電解液至金屬陰極輥筒和金屬陽極板之間。藉由在金屬陰極輥筒和金屬陽極板之間施加電流,便可以使銅電解沉積在金屬陰極輥筒上,而形成電解銅箔。此外,藉由持續轉動金
屬陰極輥筒,並使電解銅箔自金屬陰極輥筒的某一側被剝離,便可以製作連續不斷的電解銅箔。其中,電解銅箔面向金屬陰極輥筒的表面可稱作是輥筒面,而電解銅箔遠離金屬陰極輥筒的表面可稱作是沉積面。
對於電解銅箔而言,其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈1.1硫酸銅電解液的組成及電解條件〉
硫酸銅(CuSO4‧5H2O):320g/L
硫酸:100g/L
氯離子(從鹽酸而來,RCI Labscan Ltd.):20mg/L
明膠(DV,Nippi,Inc.):0.35mg/L
液溫:50℃
電流密度:70A/dm2
銅箔厚度:35μm
〈1.2製箔機中部件間的距離〉
金屬陰極輥筒和金屬陽極板間的最短距離:6至12mm
入料管中心和金屬陽極板間的距離:15至25mm
(2)步驟B
本步驟B係對上述銅箔施行表面清潔製程,以確保銅箔的表面不具有污染物(例如油污、氧化物),其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈2.1清洗液的組成及清潔條件〉
硫酸銅:130g/L
硫酸:50g/L
液溫:27℃
浸漬時間:30秒
(3)步驟C
本步驟C係於上述銅箔的輥筒面形成粗化層,其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈3.1製作粗化層的參數〉
硫酸銅(CuSO4‧5H2O):70g/L
硫酸:100g/L
鉬酸鈉(Na2MoO4):50至400mg/L
硫酸亞錫(SnSO4):1000至5000mg/L
糖精(1,1-二氧代-1,2-苯並噻唑-3-酮,saccharin,Sigma-Aldrich Company):10mg/L
液溫:25℃
電流密度:10A/dm2
時間:10秒
(4)步驟D
本步驟D係於上述粗化層上形成覆蓋層,其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈4.1製作覆蓋層的參數〉
硫酸銅(CuSO4‧5H2O):320g/L
硫酸:100g/L
液溫:40℃
電流密度:15A/dm2
時間:10秒
(5)步驟E
本步驟E係於上述覆蓋層上形成含鎳層,其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈5.1含鎳層的電解液組成及電解條件〉
硫酸鎳(NiSO4):188g/L
硼酸(H3BO3):32g/L
次磷酸(H3PO2):0至5g/L
液溫:20℃
溶液pH:3.5
電流密度:0.5至0.9A/dm2
時間:3秒
(6)步驟F
本步驟F係於上述含鎳層及上述銅箔的沉積面上形成含鋅層,其製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈6.1 含鋅層的電解液組成及電解條件〉
硫酸鋅(ZnSO4):11g/L
偏釩酸銨(NH4VO3):0.25g/L
液溫:15℃
溶液pH:13
電流密度:0.3至0.7A/dm2
時間:2秒
(7)步驟G
本步驟G係於上述兩層含鋅層上形成含鉻層,其製造參數範圍例示如
下:
〈7.1 含鉻層的電解液組成及電解條件〉
鉻酸:5g/L
液溫:35℃
溶液pH:12.5
電流密度:10A/dm2
時間:5秒
(8)步驟H
本步驟H係於上述銅箔的輥筒面的含鉻層上形成耦合層其係將含有矽烷耦合劑的水溶液噴塗至銅箔的輥筒面的含鉻層上,以形成耦合層。製造參數範圍例示如下:
〈8.1耦合層的製備條件〉
矽烷耦合劑:(3-胺基丙基)三乙氧基矽烷(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)
水溶液之矽烷耦合劑濃度:0.25wt.%
噴塗時間:10秒
(9)步驟I
本步驟I係將經由上述步驟而形成的表面處理銅箔壓合至載板,以形成銅箔基板。根據本揭露的一實施例,可藉由將第1圖所示的表面處理銅箔100熱壓至載板,而形成銅箔基板。
為了使本領域的通常知識者得據以實現本揭露,下文將進一步詳細
描述本揭露之各具體實施例,以具體說明本揭露之表面處理銅箔及銅箔基板。需注意的是,以下實施例僅為例示性,不應以其限制性地解釋本揭露。亦即,在不逾越本揭露範疇之情況下,可適當地改變各實施例中所採用之材料、材料之用量及比率以及處理流程等。
實施例1
實施例1係為表面處理銅箔,其製造程序係對應於上述製作方法中的步驟A至步驟H。實施例1與上述製作方法之間相異的製造參數,係記載於表1中。
實施例2-17
實施例2-17的製造程序大致相同於實施例1的製造程序,其彼此間相異之製造參數係記載於表1中。
以下進一步描述上述各實施例1-17的各項檢測結果,例如:〈含氫量〉、〈含氧量〉、〈算術平均高度(Sa)〉、〈實體體積(Vm)〉、〈信賴性〉、〈剝離強度〉、及〈訊號傳遞損失〉。
〈含氫量〉及〈含氧量〉
利用氧/氫/氮分析儀(EMGA-930,Horiba Ltd.)搭配非分散式紅外線(non-dispersive infrared,NDIR)檢測器,以檢測表面處理銅箔的含氧量及含氫量。
〈算術平均高度(Sa)〉
根據標準ISO 25178-2:2012,以雷射顯微鏡(LEXT OLS5000-SAF,Olympus)的表面紋理分析,測量表面處理銅箔的處理面的算術平均高度(Sa)。檢測結果係記載於表2中。具體量測條件如下:
光源波長:405nm
物鏡倍率:100倍物鏡(MPLAPON-100x LEXT,Olympus)
光學變焦:1.0倍
觀察面積:129μm×129μm
解析度:1024畫素×1024畫素
條件:啟用雷射顯微鏡的自動傾斜消除功能(Auto tilt removal)
濾鏡:無濾鏡(unfiltered)
空氣溫度:24±3℃
相對濕度:63±3%
〈實體體積(Vm)〉
根據標準ISO 25178-2:2012,以雷射顯微鏡(LEXT OLS5000-SAF,Olympus)的表面紋理分析,測量表面處理銅箔的處理面的實體體積(Vm)。其中,實體體積(Vm)係將負載率(mr)之P1值及P2值分別設定為10%及80%而獲得。檢測結果係記載於表2中。具體量測條件如下:
光源波長:405nm
物鏡倍率:100倍物鏡(MPLAPON-100x LEXT,Olympus)
光學變焦:1.0倍
觀察面積:129μm×129μm
解析度:1024畫素×1024畫素
條件:啟用雷射顯微鏡的自動傾斜消除功能(Auto tilt removal)
濾鏡:無濾鏡(unfiltered)
空氣溫度:24±3℃
相對濕度:63±3%
〈信賴性〉
將6片厚度各自為0.076mm的市售樹脂片(S7439G,SyTech Corp.)堆疊一起,以形成樹脂片堆疊層,並將上述任一實施例的表面處理銅箔設置於樹脂片堆疊層上。接著,將表面處理銅箔壓合至樹脂片堆疊層,以形成積層板。壓合條件如下:溫度200℃、壓力400psi、及壓合時間120分鐘。
之後,施行壓力鍋測試(pressure cooker test,PCT),將烘箱內的條件設定為溫度121℃、壓力2atm、及濕度100% RH,並將上述積層板放置於烘箱30分鐘。繼以施行焊料浴測試(solder bath test),將經由壓力鍋測試處理後的積層板浸泡於溫度為288℃的熔融焊料浴10秒。
可以對同一樣品反覆施行焊料浴測試,並在每次焊料浴測試完成後,觀察積層板是否有起泡(blister)、裂痕(crack)、或分層(delamination)等異常的現象,若出現上述任何一種異常現象,即判定該積層板未能通過該次焊料浴測試。檢測結果係記載於表2中。其中:
A:經過多於50次的焊料浴測試,積層板仍未產生異常現象
B:經過10~50次的焊料浴測試,積層板即產生異常現象
C:經過少於10次的焊料浴測試,積層板即產生異常現象
〈剝離強度〉
將6片厚度各自為0.076mm的市售樹脂片(S7439G,SyTech Corporation.)堆疊一起,以形成樹脂片堆疊層,並將上述任一實施例的表面處理銅箔設置於樹脂片堆疊層上。接著,將表面處理銅箔壓合至樹脂片堆疊層,以形成積層板。壓合條件如下:溫度200℃、壓力400psi、及壓合時間120分鐘。
之後,根據標準JIS C 6471,使用萬能試驗機,以將表面處理銅箔以90°的角度自積層板剝離。檢測結果係記載於表2中。
〈訊號傳遞損失〉
將上述任一實施例的表面處理銅箔製作成帶狀線(strip-line),並測量其相應的訊號傳遞損失。其中,帶狀線的結構可例示如第3圖所示。帶狀線300係於152.4μm的樹脂(取自SyTech Corporation之S7439G)上先貼合上述任一實施例的表面處理銅箔,而後將表面處理銅箔製作成導線302,再使用另外兩片樹脂(S7439G,取自SyTech Corporation之S7439G)分別覆蓋兩側表面,使導線302被設置於樹脂載板(S7439G,SyTech Corp.)304之中。帶狀線300另可包括兩接地電極306-1和接地電極306-2,分別設置於樹脂載板304的相對兩側。接地電極306-1和接地電極306-2彼此間可以透過導電通孔而彼此電連接,而使得接地電極306-1和接地電極306-2具有等電位。
帶狀線300中各部件的規格如下:導線302的長度為100mm、寬度w為120μm、厚度t為35μm;樹脂載板304的Dk為3.74、Df為0.006(依據IPC-TM 650 No.2.5.5.5,以10GHz訊號量測);特徵阻抗為50Ω。
根據標準Cisco S3方法,利用訊號分析儀(PNA N5230C network analyzer,Agilent)在接地電極306-1、306-2均為接地電位的情況下,將電訊號由導線302的某一端輸入,並量測導線302的另一端的輸出值,以判別帶狀線300所產生的訊號傳遞損失。具體量測條件如下:電訊號頻率為200MHz至15GHz、掃描數為6401點、校正方式為TRL。
最後,以電訊號頻率為8GHz的情況,判別相應帶狀線的訊號傳遞損失的程度,檢測結果係記載於表2中。其中,當訊號傳遞損失的絕對值愈小,代表訊號在傳遞時的損失程度越少。具體而言,當訊號傳遞損失的絕對值大於0.8dB/in時,代表訊號傳遞表現差(C等級);當訊號傳遞損失的絕對值小於或等於0.8dB/in且大於或等於0.75dB/in時,代表訊號傳遞表現良好(B等級);而當訊號傳遞損失的絕對值小於0.75dB/in時,代表訊號傳遞表現最佳(A等級)。
根據上述實施例1-12、14、16,當處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2時,對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,表面處理銅箔和相接觸的載板除了可以具有較佳的剝離強度(例如高於或等於3.52 lb/in),亦可以同時降低高頻電訊號在導電圖案中傳遞時所產生的訊號傳遞損失(訊號傳遞損失至少可達B等級)。
根據上述實施例1-12、16,當處理面的實體體積(Vm)為0.15至1.86μm3/μm2,或為0.25至0.85μm3/μm2時,對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,可以更容易通過信賴性測試。
根據上述實施例1-11、14,當處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2,且算術平均高度(Sa)在0.10至2.00μm時,對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,可以進一步提高表面處理銅箔和相接觸的載板的剝離強度(例如
高於或等於4.25 lb/in)。
根據上述實施例1-10、14、16,當處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2,且當表面處理銅箔內的含氧量小於469ppm或含氫量小於40ppm時,對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,可以更容易通過信賴性測試。
根據本揭露的上述各實施例,藉由控制表面處理銅箔的處理面的表面粗糙度參數,或控制表面處理銅箔的含氫量和含氧量,則對於相應的銅箔基板和印刷電路板而言,除了可以提昇表面處理銅箔和載板間的附著性和信賴性,亦可以同時降低高頻電訊號在導電圖案中傳遞時所產生的訊號傳遞損失。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。
100:表面處理銅箔
100A:處理面
110:電解銅箔
110A:第一面
110B:第二面
112:表面處理層
114:粗化層
116:鈍化層
118:防鏽層
120:耦合層
Claims (17)
- 一種表面處理銅箔,包括一處理面,其中該處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2,且該處理面的算術平均高度(Sa)為0.10至2.00μm。
- 如請求項1所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該處理面的實體體積(Vm)為0.11至1.86μm3/μm2。
- 如請求項1所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該處理面的實體體積(Vm)為0.25至0.85μm3/μm2。
- 如請求項1所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該表面處理銅箔包括一電解銅箔,且該表面處理銅箔的含氧量小於469ppm。
- 如請求項1所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該表面處理銅箔包括一電解銅箔,且該表面處理銅箔的含氫量小於40ppm。
- 如請求項1所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該表面處理銅箔進一步包括:一電解銅箔;以及一表面處理層,設置於該電解銅箔的至少一表面,其中該表面處理層的外側係為該處理面。
- 如請求項6所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該電解銅箔包括一輥筒面以及位於該輥筒面相反側的一沉積面,該表面處理層設置在該輥筒面。
- 如請求項6所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該表面處理層包括一子層,該子層為粗化層。
- 如請求項8所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該粗化層包括複數個粗化粒子。
- 如請求項8所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該表面處理層還進一步包括至少一個其他的子層,該至少一個其他的子層係選自由鈍化層及耦合層所構成之群組。
- 如請求項10所述的表面處理銅箔,其中該鈍化層包含至少一金屬,該金屬係選自由鎳、鋅、鉻、鈷、鉬、鐵、錫、及釩所構成之群組。
- 一種銅箔基板,包括:一載板;以及一表面處理銅箔,設置於該載板的至少一表面,其中該表面處理銅箔包括:一電解銅箔;以及一表面處理層,設置在該電解銅箔和該載板之間,其中該表面處理層包括面向該載板的一處理面,且該處理面的實體體積(Vm)小於1.90μm3/μm2。
- 如請求項12所述的銅箔基板,其中該表面處理層的該處理面係直接接觸該載板。
- 如請求項12所述的銅箔基板,其中該處理面的實體體積(Vm)為0.25至0.85μm3/μm2。
- 如請求項12所述的銅箔基板,其中該處理面的算術平均高度(Sa)為0.10至2.00μm。
- 如請求項12所述的銅箔基板,其中該電解銅箔的含氧量小於469ppm。
- 如請求項12所述的銅箔基板,其中該電解銅箔的含氫量小於40ppm。
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