TWI232753B - Adjuvant compositions comprising QS-21,3D-MPL and CpG and vaccine compositions comprising the same - Google Patents
Adjuvant compositions comprising QS-21,3D-MPL and CpG and vaccine compositions comprising the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI232753B TWI232753B TW089107209A TW89107209A TWI232753B TW I232753 B TWI232753 B TW I232753B TW 089107209 A TW089107209 A TW 089107209A TW 89107209 A TW89107209 A TW 89107209A TW I232753 B TWI232753 B TW I232753B
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Description
1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明係有關在疫苗中使用的新穎佐劑組合物。特別 者,本發明佐劑組合物包括包素和免疫刺激性低聚核芬酸 之組合物,該組合物視情況更包含載體。本發明也提出包 括本發明佐劑組合物和至少一種抗原的疫苗,更提出製造 本發明佐劑組合物和疫苗的方法及彼等作為醫藥品之用 途。此外,本發明提出經由非經腸或黏膜給用本發明疫苗 來治療易感染或已患上疾病的個體之方法。 免疫刺激性低聚核荅酸含有未甲基化CpG二核甞酸 (’’CpG")並在故藝中係已知作為佐劑經由系統或黏膜途徑 給藥者(WO 96/02555,EP 468520,Davis et al·,J. Immunol , 1998 ? 160(2) · 870-876 ; McCluskie and Davis » J. Immunol.,1998,161(9) : 4463-6) o CpG為在 DNA 中的胞口密 啶-鳥嘌呤核茹二核答酸型主體(motifs )的縮寫。歷史上曾 觀察到BCG的DNA部份能夠發出抗腫瘤作用。在進一步研 究中,從BCG基因序列衍生的合成低聚核苷酸被證實能夠 謗導免疫刺激作用(在試管内(in vitro)和活體内(in vivo)兩 者)。彼等研究的作者總結出某些復發的序列,包括中樞 CG型主,帶有這種活性。CG型主在免疫刺激的中樞作用 於後來在Krieg,Nature 347,p546 1995的文中闡明。詳細 的分析已顯示CG型主必在某一序列知之内,且彼等序列 在細菌的DNA中很普遍但在脊椎動物的DNA中卻很稀少。 彼等免疫刺激性序列通常是:嘌呤、嘌呤、C、G、嘧 啶、嘧啶;其中二核苷酸CG型主係未甲基化的,但其他 未甲基化CpG序列係已知具免疫刺激性並可用于本發明中 者。 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 在六種核茹酸的某些組合物中含有一種復發的序列。彼 等型主的幾種,可能為一種型主的重覆或為不同型主的組 合,可存在於同一低聚核甞酸中。一種或更多的包含低聚 核甞酸的彼等免疫刺激性序列之存在能活化多種免疫亞組 合,包括天然殺手細胞(其可產生干擾素T且有溶細胞活 性)和巨嗟細胞(Wooldrige et al Vol 89 (Νο·8),1977)。不 過含有不具此一致序列的序列之其他未甲基化CpG現已被 證明是有免疫刺激性者。 當經調配到疫苗中時,CpG通常係與游離的抗原一起給 用(W0 96/02555 ; McCluskie and Davis,上引資料)或經共 價地拼合到一抗原後給用(PCT公報No. WO 98/16247),或 與一載體例如氫氧化鋁調配後給用((肝炎表面抗原)Davis et al.、上引資料;Brazolot-Millan et al·、Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.,USA, 1998, 95(26),15553-8) ° 皂素在 Lacaille-Dubois,M和 Wagner H.中講述過(1996.皂 素的生物和藥物學活性的評論。Phytomedicine vol 2 pp 363-3 86)。皂素是廣泛分佈於植物界和海洋動物界中的類 固醇或三萜配醣體。皂素因能在水中形成因搖動而起泡的 膠體性溶液,和使膽固醇沈澱而出名。當皂素接近細胞膜 時,彼等會在膜裏產生像孔洞的構造促成細胞膜脹裂。紅 血球的溶血就是這種現象的例子,是某些而不是全部皂素 的特性。 皂素係已知可用為疫苗中的佐劑供全身給藥所用。別皂 素的輔助和溶血活性係已在技藝中經廣泛地研究過者。例 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 如 Quil A (在南美樹,皂樹(Quillaja Saponaria Molina)的樹 皮中取得)和其部份體,即載於美國專利第5,057,540號和 ’’ Saponins as vaccine adjuvants (作為疫苗佐劑的皂素)”, Kensil,C. R. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst,1996,12(1-2) : 1-55 ;和 EP 〇 362 279 B1 之中。 包括Quil A的部份體,稱為免疫刺激性複合體(ISCOMS) 的粒狀性構造物是溶血性的且已用於疫苗的製造中(Morein, B·,EP 0 109 942 B1)。彼等構造物已被報導有佐劑活性(EP 0 109 942 Bl ; WO 96/11711)。 溶血性皂素QS21和QS17 (Quil A經HPLC鈍化的部份)業 經述及可作為有效力的系統性佐劑且其製法經揭示於美國 專利第5,057,540號和EP 0 362 279 B1中。在彼等參考文獻 中也有敘述的是QS7的使用(Quil A的非溶血性部份),其 係作為一種用於系統性疫苗中的有效力的佐劑。QS21的使 用進一步述於Kensil et al· (1991· J. Immunology vol 146, 43 1-437)之中。QS21和聚山梨酸酯或環糊精的組合也為已 知者。包括Quil A部份體,例如QS21和QS7,的粒狀佐劑 系統係載於WO 96/3373 9和WO 96/11711之中。 業經用於全身接種研究中的其他皂素包括從其他植物物 種,例如石竹屬(Gypsophila)和肥皂草屬(Saponaria)衍生者 (Bomford et al·,Vaccine, 10(9) : 572-577,1992)。 皂素係已知被用於黏膜施用疫苗接種研究中者,此研究 在免疫反應的謗導中取得多種成功。Quil A皂素係在先前 經證明當抗原係經鼻内給藥時對免疫反應的謗導沒有影響 -6- —__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS) A4規格(21〇x 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) (Gizurarson et al. 1994,Vaccine Research 3,23-29)。而其 他作者則成功地使用過這種佐劑(Maharaj et al·,Can J. Microbiol,1986,32(5) : 414-20; Chavali and Campbell, Immunobiology, 174(3): 347_59)。包括 Quil A 皂素的 ISCOMs已用於胃内和鼻内用的疫苗調配物中並展示出佐 劑活性(Mcl Mowat et al.,1991,Immunology,72,317-322 ; Mcl Mowat and Donachie,Immunology Today,12, 383-385) 〇 QS21,Quil A的無毒部份,也經述及作為一種經口或鼻 内用佐劑(Sumino et al·,J.Virol·,1998,72(6) : 4931-9 ; WO 98/56415)。 其他皂素在鼻内疫苗接種研究中的使用已有述及。例 如,藜屬(Chenopodium quinoa)皂素業經用於鼻内和胃内 疫苗中(Estrada et al·,Comp· Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis·,1998, 21(3) : 225-36)。 本發明係有關下述驚人的發現,即免疫刺激性低聚核:y: 酸(CpG)和皂素組合物是極端有效的佐劑。於是乃提出佐 劑組合物’其包括含素和免疫刺激性低聚核甞酸的組合 物。較佳者,本發明佐劑可能更包括一載體。在本發明一 較佳形式中,在佐劑和疫苗的組合物中的皂素和低聚核甞 酸在抗原特異性抗體的謗導中協同地起作用並在傳統上與 Thl型免疫系統有聯繫的免疫反應的謗導中有效力。因 此’該佐劑組合物不但適合疾病的免疫預防,而且驚人地 適於疾病的免疫治療例如持續性病毒,細菌或寄生蟲的感 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 x 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 染,及慢性疾病例如癌症。 用於本發明佐劑或疫苗的較佳低聚核甞酸較佳地包括兩 個或更多被至少三個,更佳地至少六個或更多的核嘗故分 隔開之二核甞酸CpG型主。.本發明低聚核甞酸典型者為去 氧核甞酸。於一更佳實例中,低聚核苷酸中的介核甞酸 (internucleotide)是二硫代磷酸醋,或更合適地是硫代磷酸 酯鍵,不過磷酸二酯和其他介核甞酸键都在本發明範圍 内,其更包括有混合的介核甞酸鍵聯的低聚核甞酸。製造 硫代磷酸酯低聚核甞酸或二硫代磷酸酯的方法在美國專利 第5,666,153,美國專利第5,278,302和W0 95/26204中有述 及0 較佳的低聚核甞酸的實例具有以下的序列。彼等序列較 佳地含有經硫代磷酸酯改質的介核甞酸鍵聯。 OLIGO l(SEQEDNO:l):TCC ATGACGTTCCTGACGTT(CpG 1826) OLIGO 2(SEQ IDNO:2): TCT CCC AGC GTG CGC CAT(CpG 1758) OLIGO 3(SEQ IDNO:3): ACC GAT GAC GTC GCC GGT GAC GGC ACC ACG OLIGO 4(SEQ ID NO:4): TCG TCG ΊΤΓ TGT CGT TTT GTC GIT(CpG 2006) OLIGO 5(SEQ ID NO:5): TCC ATG ACG TTC CTG ATG CT(CpG 1668) 可代用的CpG低聚核甞酸可包括以上較佳的序列,其中 彼等另外具有不影響的缺失或添加。 本發明所採用的CpG低聚核甞酸可用此技藝中已知的任 何一種方法合成(如EP 468520)。方便地,彼等低聚核答酸 可以經由使用自動合成器合成。 本發明採用的低聚核替酸典型地是去氧核菩酸。於一較 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 佳的實施例中在低聚核甞酸内的介核甞酸鍵是二硫代磷酸 酯,或更佳者硫代磷酸酯键,雖則磷酸二酯是在本發明範 圍内。含有不同的介核甞酸键結的低聚核甞酸,例如混合 的硫代磷酸酯磷酸二酯,亦涵蓋在内。其他可使低聚核苷 酸穩定的介核甞酸键也可使用。 可用於本發明佐劑組合物中的皂素包括從皂樹樹皮取 得,稱為Quil A和其部份體者,其載於美國專利第 5,057,540號和 n Saponins as vaccine adjuvants (作為疫苗佐 劑的皂素)f’,Kensil,C. R.,Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst,1996,12(1-2) : 1-55 ;和EP 0 362 279 B1之中。特別 較佳的Quil A部份體為QS21,QS7和QS17。 /3 -七葉皂钻是另一種可在本發明佐劑組合物中使用的較 佳溶血性皂素。七葉皂芬在Merck index (12th ed :項目 3737)中說明為出現在七葉樹,拉丁語:歐七葉樹 (Aesculus hippocastanum)種子裏的皂素混合物。其分離據 稱是由層析術和淨化法(Fiedler,Arzneimittel-Forsch. 4, 213 (1953))和離子交換樹脂(Erbring et al·,美國專利第 3,238,190號)完成的。七葉皂苷部份體,α和冷,已被純 化出並證明有生物活性(Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1996, Aug ; 44(8) : 1454-1464))。/3-七葉皂甞也稱為七葉皂甞。 另一種用於本發明較佳溶血性惠素是毛地黃琶甞。毛地 黃皂甞在Merck index (12th ed :項目3204)中經說明為一種 皂素,源自於紫花毛地黃(Digitalis purpurea)的種子並根 據 Gisvold et al.,J. Am. Pharm. Assoc·,1934,23,664 ; -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 x 297公釐)
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1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 和,Ruhenstroth-Bauer, Physiol. Chem.,1995,301,621 中 所述程序予以純化。其用途經敘述為一種用於膽固醇測定 中的臨床試劑。 本發明佐劑組合物可以更包括載體,使得皂素或CpG, 或兩者,可與一粒狀載體實體缔合以增強組合物的佐劑 性。特別較佳的系統性疫苗包括,例如,一載體分子。 於本發明佐劑組合物中使用的CpG可在自由溶液中或與 粒狀載體複合,例如礦物鹽(例如,但不限於,铭或躬 鹽)、微微脂粒、ISCOMs、乳液(水包油、油包水、水包油 包水(water in oil in water))、聚合物(例如,但不限於,聚 乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚鱗胼(polyphosphazine)、聚胺基酸、 藻酸鹽和聚葡萄胺糖)或者微粒子。較佳者,彼等載體是 陽離子性者。本發明疫苗更包括一抗原,其可與CpG-載體 複合物缔合,或者可不與CpG-載體複合物缔合。在這種情 況下,此抗原可以是自由的懸浮液或與分離的載體缔合 者。 構成本發明一部分的皂素可經分離成膠微粒形式,或在 與膽固醇或脂質調配時呈大有序構造例如ISCOMs (EP 0 109 942 B1)或者微脂粒(WO 96/33739)的形式中,或者呈 一種水包油乳液的形式(WO 95/17210)。彼等皂素可以較 佳地與金屬鹽,例如氫氧化鋁或磷酸鋁缔合(WO 98/15287)。另外皂素可與粒狀載體,例如聚葡萄胺糖缔 合。該皂素也可以呈乾燥狀態,例如粉末。呈要給到接種 疫苗者的黏膜表面形式之最後調配物在本質上是較佳者係 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7
發明較佳疫苗是用於在經由系統途徑對個體給藥後產生系 統性免疫反應者。 溶血性者。此皂素 鍵結或經由與同樣的:狀= =與抗原經由直接 ⑽; W0 98/=;:::互作用而物理地缔合 CdG和*去太直 在本發明佐劑或疫苗中的 素可:1=可以是獨立或經綠合者。例如,CPG和息 鹘例:洋液裏或可經由載體,更較佳者粒狀載 絲化㈣者㈣—種陽離予性微脂粒或isc〇m而 根據本發明-較佳佐劑組合物包括—種或以上的在兩淨 相近的CG型王間含有至少3個,較佳地至少6個核加 CpG低聚核^:酸’連同QS21和—種從包括水包油乳液^ DQ的組合中選出的粒狀載體一起。最佳者,該佐劑組4 物包括與QS21混合的CpG 2〇〇6 (SEQ m n〇 4),或 1758 (SEQIDN〇:2)或 CpG 1826 (SEQIDNO:l),和一選! 包括水包油乳液或DQ的組合中之粒狀載體。因此,特另 較佳的疫苗為,例如,含有彼等佐劑組合物和抗原者。4 本發明佐劑組合物可作為系統性或黏膜型佐劑使用。在 本發明一特別形式中提出一種系統性疫苗,用以經由系統 或非經腸途徑給藥,例如肌内、皮内、透皮、皮下、腹膜 内或靜脈内的給藥。一較佳給藥途徑是經由透皮途徑,例 如經由皮膚貼片。 本發明系統性疫苗製劑可用來保護或治療易感染或已患 上疾病的哺乳動物,其係經由肌内,腹膜内,皮内,透 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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線 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 皮’靜脈内或皮下給藥來給用該疫苗。此疫苗製劑的系統 性給藥方法可包括傳統的注射筒和針,或經設計用來彈道 輸送固體疫苗的裝置(W0 99/27961),或無針壓力液體噴 射裝置(美國專利第4,596,566號;美國專利第5,993,412 號)’或透皮貼片(WO 97/48440 ; W0 98/28037)。本發明 也可用于增強施加到皮膚(透皮或透皮輸送W〇 98/2〇734 ; WO 98/28037)的抗原之免疫性。因此本發明提出供系統性 給藥所用的預先填充本發明疫苗或佐劑組合物的輸送裝 置。從而提出一種在個體内謗發免疫反應的方法,其包括 對磁個體給用一包括一抗原和免疫刺激性低聚核甞酸,皂 素和載體的疫苗,其中該疫苗是經由非經腸或系統性途二 給藥的。誘發免疫反應的較佳方法包括給用疫苗,該疫苗 包括-SEQIDNO:l,2,3,4或5低聚核芬酸,連同^: 衍生的息素例如QS21,和載體’例如水包油乳液 固醇的微脂粒或明礬。 口屠 、本發明疫苗製劑另外可用來保護或治療易感 病的哺乳動物,其中係經由黏膜途徑,例如口腔^ 鼻内的途徑給用該疫苗。可替代的黏膜途徑為降:邵或 腸内。較佳的黏膜給藥途徑是經由鼻内途徑,:k和直 ㊣接種。鼻内疫苗接種的方法係技藝中熟 專為鼻内疫 滴、噴霧或乾粉形式的疫苗給料要免疫的^括^小 内。贺霧或霧化的疫苗調配物也構成本發明鼻咽 解調配物例如經口給藥的抗胃性膠囊劑和粒南4分。腸溶 道給藥所用的栓劑也構成本發明一部分。^直腸或陰 -12 :297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7
五、發明説明(1〇 本發明佐劑組合物代表一類適合在人類中使用的經由黏 膜疫苗接種取代系統性接種的黏膜佐劑。在本發明一較佳 形式中可用純皂素例如Quil A或其衍生物,包括QS21 ;七
葉皂菩;毛地黃皂甞;或石竹屬或皂樹皂素與免疫刺激性 低聚核苷酸的組合作為將抗原黏膜給藥的佐劑以 性免疫反應。 I 本發明佐劑組合物係於疫苗調配物使用,該等疫苗可經 由全身性或黏膜性途徑給藥。較佳者,當疫苗用於黏膜給 藥時’該佐劑組合物包含一溶血性皂素。 用於黏膜給藥時,本發明組合物較佳地包括一溶血性皂 素。溶血性皂素,或皂素製劑,在本發明意義内係參考= 下的檢定測定的。 1 ·將取自天竺鼠的新鮮血液在桌面型離心機中用磷酸鹽 緩衝食鹽水(PBS)洗滌三次。於再懸浮到原來的體積後: 將血液用PBS再稀釋1〇倍。 2.取50微升的此血液懸浮液加到8〇〇微升的含有兩倍稀 度的界面活性劑或皂素之PBS内。 3·八小時後目視地或經由測量上澄液的光密度來評估溶 血作用。在570奈米吸收光線的紅色上澄液的存在顯示有 溶血作用存在。 4.將結果表為不再有溶血作用出現的第一次皂素稀釋 的濃度。 對本發明目的而言,皂素佐劑製劑若在低於〇1%的濃度 落裂紅血球即為溶血性者。作為參比意義者,實質純的 -13-
1232753 A7 _________B7 五、發明説明(11 )
Quil A、QS21、QS7、毛地黃皂甞和;3_七葉皂甞樣品依此 檢疋所定義者全是溶血性皂素。在彼等生物檢定的固有實 驗變異性之内’本發明皂素較佳地具有在約〇 5-〇.〇〇〇〇1〇/。 之間’更佳者在〇.〇5-〇·〇〇〇〇ι〇/〇之間,甚至更佳者在〇⑽ 〇_〇〇〇01%之間,且最佳者在0·001-0_0004%之間的溶血活 f生理想地’違皂素應有與Q S 2 1相似的溶血活性(亦即在 10倍差異内)。 本發明疫苗也可以經由口腔途徑給藥。在彼等情況下, 醫藥可接受的賦形劑也包括鹼性緩衝劑,或腸溶解膠囊或 微粒子。本發明疫苗也可經由陰道途徑給藥。在彼等情況 下,醫藥可接受的賦形劑也可包括乳化劑、聚合物例如 CARBOP〇L@和其他已知的陰道乳劑和栓劑之穩定劑。本 發明疫苗也可經由直腸途徑給藥。在彼等情況下,賦形劑 也可包括在此技藝中已知用以形成直腸栓劑的蠟和聚合 物。 在本發月佐以組合物中超過一種急素的製劑也構成本發 明一部分。例如至少兩種以下包括QS21、QS7、Quil A 、沒-七葉皂苷或毛地黃皂菩的組合之組合物。此外,本發 明組合物可包括超過一種免疫刺激性低聚核甞酸的組合。 在本發明一類似實施例中用於系統性和黏膜兩種給藥的 CpG/4素組合物更可與包括單磷醯基脂質a和其無毒的3_ 去-0-醯基化單磷醯基脂質A之其他佐劑組合。另外,該皂 素凋配物可與疫苗賦形藥組合,此賦形藥包括聚葡萄胺糖 或其他多陽離子性聚合物,聚乳交酯(p〇lylactide)和聚^ -14-
1232753 A7 五、發明説明(ιΤ~7 ~--——— 叉酯-共·乙交酯粒子,以聚Ν-乙醯基葡萄糖胺_為基的聚合 物基質,由多醣類或化學改質多醣類構成的粒子,微脂粒 和以脂質為基的粒子,以甘油單酯構成的粒子等。皂素也 在詹口醇的存在下调配以形成粒狀構造例如微脂粒咬 ISCOMs。再者,皂素可與聚乙二醇醚或酯一起調配成無 粒狀溶液或懸浮液,或例如少層微脂粒或ISCOM的粒狀構 迨。皂素也可與賦形劑例如Carb〇p〇1R調配以提高黏度,或 可與粉狀賦形劑例如乳糖調配成乾粉形式。 3脫醯基化單磷醯基脂質A是由Ribi Immimochem, Montana製造的熟知佐劑。其可用在GB 21222〇4]5中講授的 方法製備。3脫醯基化單磷醯基脂質a較佳的形式有直 徑少於0.2微米的小粒度之乳液的形式(Ep 〇 689 454 B1)。 特別較佳的佐劑是3D_MPL和Q21的組合(Ep 〇 671 948 B1) ’包括3D-MPL和QS21的水包油乳液(W0 95/1721〇, W〇 98/56414),或與其他載體調配的3D-MPL (EP 0 689 454 B1)。 本發明疫苗調配物較佳地包括能夠引出對人類病原的免 疫反應之抗原或抗原性組合物,其抗原或抗原組合物係衍 生自 HIV-1,(例如,tat,nef,gpl2〇或 gpl6〇),人類皰疹 病毒,例如gD或其衍生物或緊早期蛋白質例如來自HSV1 或HSV2的ICP27 ;巨細胞病毒(特別是人類的,例如⑼或 其衍生物);輪狀病毒(包括活性減弱病毒);埃貝二氏病 母(例如gp 3 5 0或其付生物),水痘帶狀皰療病毒(例如, II和IE63);或者來自肝炎病毒者例如b型肝炎病毒(例如b -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明(13 ) 型肝炎表層抗原或其衍生物)、A型肝炎病毒、C型肝炎病 毒和E型肝炎病毒,又或來自其他病毒病原者,例如副黏 液病毒:呼吸道合胞肺病毒(例如F和G蛋白質或其衍生 物)、曰流行性感冒病毒、麻療病毒、流行性|思腺炎病 毒 '人類乳頭瘤病毒(例如HPV6,11,16,18,…)、黃熱 病病毒(例如黃熱病病毒、登革熱病毒、壁虱媒腦炎病 毒、日本腦炎病毒)或流行性感冒病毒(全活的或不活性病 毒、在雞蛋或MDCK細胞中生長的分裂流行性感冒病毒, 或全流行性感冒病毒脂蛋白體(如R. Giuck,Vaccine,1992, 1 Ο,9 1 5 · 9 2 0中所述者)或其經純化或重組的蛋白質,例如 HA、ΝΡ、ΝΑ或Μ蛋白質或其組合物);或者衍生自細菌病 原者例如奈瑟氏球菌屬(Neisseria spp),包括淋病奈瑟氏 球菌(N· gonorrhea)和腦膜炎奈瑟氏球菌(Ν· meningitidis)(例如莢膜菌多醣類和其拼合物、轉鐵蛋白結 合性蛋白質、乳膽鐵質結合性蛋白質、pilc、植物血凝 素),化膿鏈球菌(S· py0genes)(例如μ蛋白質或其片段, C5A蛋白酶,脂肪磷壁酸),無乳鏈球菌(s· agaiacUae)、 笑變鏈球菌(S. mutans);杜克雷嗜血桿菌(H ducreyi);莫 拉克氏菌屬(Moraxella spp·),包括黏膜炎莫拉克氏菌 catarrhalis),也叫卡他布蘭漢球菌(BranhameUa catarrhaUs) (例如高和低分子量的植物血凝素和玻尿酸酶);波德氏菌 屬(Bordetella spp.),包括百日咳波德氏菌(B pertussis) (例如穿孔假胞菌素、百日咳毒素或其衍生物、絲狀血球 統集素、腺甞酸環化酶、細毛)、副百日咳波德氏菌. -16- 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS) A4規格(21GX297公复) 1232753 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明(14 ) parapertussis)和支氣管敗血性波德氏菌(B br〇nchiseptica) ,分枝桿菌屬(Mycobacterium spp·)、包括結核分枝桿菌(μ. tuberculosis)(例如ESAT6、抗原 85Α、_Β或_C)、牛分枝桿 fe(M. bovis)、麻風分枝桿菌(μ· leprae)、禽分枝桿菌(M. avium)、副結核分枝桿菌(μ· paratuberculosis),包皮垢桿 菌(M· smegmatis);軍團桿菌屬(Legi〇neUa卿),包括嗜 肺性軍團桿菌(L· pneumophila);大腸桿菌屬(Escherichia spp.),包括腸毒性大腸桿菌(例如菌落因子、不耐熱毒素 或其衍生物、耐熱毒素或衍生物)、腸出血性大腸桿菌、 致腸病性大腸桿菌(例如類志賀毒素毒素或其衍生物);弧 菌屬(Vibrio spp.),包括霍亂弧菌(ν· eholera)(例如霍亂毒 素或其衍生物);志贺桿菌屬(Shigella spp ),包括索尼氏 志賀桿菌(S· sonnei)、痢疾志賀桿菌(s dysenteriae)、弗莱 司氏志賀菌(S· flexnerii);耶爾森氏菌屬(Yersinia spp.), 包括小腸結腸炎耶爾森氏菌(γ· enter〇c〇litica)(例如蛋 白質)、鼠疫耶爾森氏菌(γ· pestis)、假結核耶爾森氏菌(γ· ?“11(1(^^1^1〇士);彎曲桿菌屬((^1111^1〇1)如6门卯),包 括空腸’考曲桿菌(C. jejuni)(例如毒素、植物血凝素和侵襲 素)和大腸彎曲桿菌(c. coli);沙門氏菌屬(Salm〇nella SPP·),包括傷寒沙門氏菌(S· typhi)、副傷寒沙門氏菌(s paratyphi)豬崔亂砂門氏適(s ch〇ieraesuis)、腸炎沙門 氏菌(S. enteritidis);李斯特氏菌屬(Listeria spp ),包括單 細胞增多性李斯特氏菌(L· m〇n〇eyt〇genes);螺桿菌屬 (Helicobacter spp·),包括幽門螺桿菌(H pyl〇ri)(例如尿 -17-
1232753
醃、過虱化酶、空泡狀毒素);假單孢菌屬 spp_),包括綠膿桿菌(P. aerugin〇sa);葡萄球菌屬 (StaPty\〇C_US Spp·),包括金黃色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)、 表皮匍萄球菌(S· epidermidis);腸球菌屬(Enter〇c〇ccus SPP·),包括糞腸球菌(E. faecaHs)、糞腸道球菌 faecium);梭菌屬(cl〇stddium spp ),包括破傷風梭狀菌 (C. tetani)(例如破傷風毒素和其衍生物)、肉毒梭菌(c· b〇tunnum)(例如肉毒桿菌毒素和其衍生物),艱難梭菌(c· difficile)(例如梭菌毒素A*B和其衍生物);芽孢桿菌屬 (Bacillus spp.) ’包括炭疽桿菌(Banthracis)(例如肉毒桿菌 毒素和其衍生物);棒狀桿菌屬(c〇rynebacterium spp ),包 括白喉桿菌(C. diphtheriae)(例如白喉毒素和其衍生物); 波雷爾氏螺旋體類(Borrelia spp·),包括Β· burgdorferi (例 如 OspA、OspC、DbpA、DbpB)、Β· garinii (例如 0spA、 OspC、DbpA、DbpB)、Β· afzelii (例如 〇spA、〇spC、
DbpA、DbpB)、B. andersonii (例如 OspA、OspC、DbpA、 D b p B )、赫氏蜱疏螺旋體(b . h e r m s i i);埃里希氏體類 (Ehrlichia spp.),包括馬埃里希氏病原體(E equi)和人類 顆粒性白血球埃里希氏症的病原體劑;立克次氏體類 (Rickettsia spp·),包括立氏立克次氏體(R. rickeUsii);披 衣菌屬(Chlamydia spp.),包括砂眼披衣菌(c trachomatis)(例如MOMP、肝素結合性蛋白質)、肺炎披衣 菌(C. pneumoniae)(例如MOMP、連結肝素蛋白質)、鸚鵡 熱披衣菌(C. psittaci);端螺旋體類(Leptospira spp.),包括 -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(16 ) 問號鉤端螺旋體(L· interrogans);密螺旋體類(Treponema spp·),包括梅素密螺旋體(Τ· pallidum)(例如稀有外膜蛋白 質)、齒密螺旋體(T. denticola)、T. hyodysenteriae ;或者 衍生自寄生蟲者例如癔原蟲屬(Plasmodium spp·),包括鐮 狀癔蟲(P. falciparum);弓形體屬(Toxoplasma spp.),包括 鼠弓型體(Τ· gondii)(例如SAG2,SAG3,Tg34);内阿米巴 屬(Entamoeba spp.),包括溶組織内阿米巴(E. histolytica) ;巴貝蟲屬(Babesia spp·),包括田藏巴貝蟲(B. microti); 錐蟲屬(Trypanosoma spp·),包括克魯士氏錐蟲(Τ· cruzi); 賈第鞭毛蟲類(Giardia spp·),包括蘭氏賈第鞭毛蟲(G· lamblia);利什曼原蟲類(Leshmania spp·),包括大型利什 曼原蟲(L. major);肺囊蟲屬(Pneumocystis spp.),包括卡 氏肺囊蟲(P_ carinii);滴蟲屬(Trichomonas spp.),包括陰 道滴蟲(Τ· vaginalis);血吸蟲屬(Schisostoma spp.),包括 曼森氏血吸蟲(S· mans oni);或者衍生自酵母菌者例如念 珠菌屬(Candida spp.),包括血色念珠菌(C. albicans);隱 球菌屬(Cryptococcus spp·),包括腦膜炎隱球菌(C· neoformans) ° 結核桿菌的其他較佳特異性抗原為,例如Tb Ral2,Tb H9,Tb Ra35,Tb38-1,Erd 14,DPV,MTI,MSL, mTTC2和hTCCl (WO 99/51748)。結核桿菌的蛋白質也包 括融合蛋白質和其變異體,其中至少兩個,較佳地三個結 核桿菌多經融合成一較大的蛋白質。較佳的融合蛋白質包 括 Ral2-TbH9-Ra35,Erdl4_DPV-MTI,DPV-MTI-MSL, -19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(17 )
Erdl4-DPV-MTI-MSL-mTCC2 , Erdl4-DPV-MTI-MSL , DPV-MTI-MSL-mTCC2,TbH9-DPV-MTI (WO 99/51748)。 披衣菌的最佳抗原包括例如高分子量蛋白質(HWMP) (WO 99/17741),ORF3 (EP 366 412),和假定膜蛋白質 (Pmps)。此疫苗調配物中的其他披衣菌抗原可以選自WO 99/28475中所述的組合中。 較佳的細菌疫苗包括從鏈球菌屬,包括肺炎鏈球菌(例如 莢膜多醣和其拼合物,PsaA,PspA,鏈球菌溶素,膽驗結 合性蛋白質)衍生的抗原;和蛋白質抗原,肺炎球菌自溶 解素(Biochem Biophys Acta,1989,67,1007; Rubins et al·, Microbial Pathogenesis, 25,337-342),及其突變的脫毒衍 生物(WO 90/06951 ; WO 99/03 884)。其他較佳細菌疫苗包 括從嗜血桿菌屬,包括流行感冒嗜血桿菌B型(例如PRP和 其結合物)、無型的流行感冒嗜血桿菌衍生的抗原,例如 OMP26,高分子量植物血凝素,P5,P6,蛋白質D和月旨蛋 白D ’及細毛素(fimbrin )及細毛素衍生的(US 5, 843,464)或 其多複本變異體或融合蛋白質。 B型肝炎表面抗原衍生物係技藝中熟知者並包括,與其 他一起者,載於歐洲專利申請EP-A-414 374 ; EP-A-0304 578和EP 198-474中的彼等PreSl,PreS2 S抗原。於一較佳 部份中,本發明疫苗調配物包括HIV-1抗原,gpl20,尤其 是當在CHO細胞中表現出時。於另一實施例中,本發明疫 苗调配物包括如上所定義的gD2t。 在本發明一較佳實施例中,含有本發明申請專利的佐劑 -20- _ _____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS) Α4規格(21〇Χ 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(18 ) 之疫苗包括從經認為促成生殖器疣的人類乳頭瘤病毒(HP V) 衍生的抗原(HPV6或HPV11和其他)和從促成子宮頸癌的 PHV病毒衍生的抗原(HPV16,HPV18和其他)。 用於生殖器疣的預防和治療的疫苗之特別較佳形式包括 L1粒子或殼粒,及包括一或更多種選自HPV6和HPV11蛋 白質E6、E7、L1和L2中的抗原之融合蛋白質。 融合蛋白質的最佳形式為在W0 96/26277中揭示的L2E7 和在GB 9717953.5 (PCT/EP98/05285)中揭示的蛋白質 D(l/3)-E7。 一較佳的HPV子宮頸感染或癌症的預防或治療疫苗組合 物可包括HPV 16或18抗原。例如,L1或L2抗原單體,或呈 類病毒粒子(VLP)—起呈現的L1或L2抗原,或以VLP或殼 粒構造單獨呈現的L1單一蛋白質。彼等抗原、類病毒粒子 和殼粒本身皆為已知者。參閱例如WO 94/00152,W0 94/20137,WO 94/05792和 WO 93/02184。 額外的早期蛋白質可單獨地包含入或以融合蛋白質形式 例如E7、E2或較佳的E5包括在内。特別較佳的此實施例包 括含有L1E7融合蛋白質的VLP (WO 96/1 1272)。 特別較佳的HPV16抗原包括由早期蛋白質E6或E7與蛋白 質D載體融合形成的蛋白質來自HPV16的E6或E7融合 物,或其組合物;或E6或E7與L2的組合物(WO 96/26277)。 另外,HPV16或18的早期蛋白質E6和E7可呈現於一單獨 分子内,較佳者於一蛋白質D-E6/E7融合物中。彼等疫苗 可以視需要包括一種或兩種來自HPV18的E6和E7蛋白質, -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(19 ) 較佳地係呈蛋白質D-E6或蛋白質D-E7融合蛋白質或蛋白質 D E6/E7融合蛋白質的形式。 本發明疫苗可額外地包括來自其他HPV株的抗原,較佳 的是來自HPV31或33株者。 本發明疫苗更包括從引起瘧疾的寄生物中衍生的抗原。 例如,來自惡性癔原蟲(Plasmodia falciparum)的較佳抗原 包括RTS,S和TRAP。RTS是一種雜合蛋白質,其實質上 包括經由B型肝炎表面抗體的前S2部分所含四個胺基酸與 B型肝炎病毒的表面(S)抗原聯結的惡性瘧原蟲環形生殖芽 孢(CS)蛋白質的所有C端部分。其整體構造揭示於國際專 利申請第PCT/EP92/02591號中,其係以申請自UK專利申請 第9124390.7號的優先權之WO 93/10152公開者。當在酵母 菌中表現時,RTS係以一脂蛋白粒子之形式生成,而與來 自HBV的S抗原共表現出時,其產生一種名為RTS,S的混合 粒子。TRAP抗原載於以WO 90/01496公開的國際專利申請 第PCT/GB89/00895號中。本發明一較佳實施例是瘧疾疫 苗,其中抗原的製劑包括RTS,S和TRAP抗原的組合物。 其他可能成為多階段瘧疾疫苗成分的候選者之癔原蟲抗原 為惡性瘧原蟲 MSP1,AMA1,MSP3,EBA,GLURP, RAP1,RAP2,Sequestrin,PfEMPl,Pf332,LSA1, LSA3,STARP,SALSA,PfEXPl,Pfs25,Pfs28, PFS27/25,Pfsl6,Pfs48/45,Pfs230和彼等在瘧原蟲類中 的類似物。 此調配物也可包括一種抗腫瘤抗原並可用於癌症的免疫 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 療性治療中。例如,該佐劑調配物可利用腫瘤排斥抗原例 如對前列腺癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、肺癌、胰癌、腎癌或 黑瘤癌者。典型的抗原包括MAGE 1和MAGE3或其他MAGE 抗原(Robbins and Kawakami,1996,Current Opinions in Immunology 8 ,pps 628-636 ; Van den Eynde et al.
International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research (submitted 1997) ; Correale et al.(1997)? Journal of the National Cancer Institute 89,p293)。實際上彼等抗原可在 廣範圍的腫瘤類型例如黑色瘤癌、肺癌、肉瘤和膀胱癌中 表現出。其他腫瘤特異性抗原也都適合與本發明佐劑使 用,且包括,但不限於腫瘤特異性神經節糖甞,前列腺特 異性抗原(PSA)或 Her-2/neu,KSA(GAT33) ,PAP, mammaglobin,MUC-1,癌胚抗原(CEA)。因而在本發明 一部份中提出一種含有本發明佐劑組合物的疫苗和一種腫 瘤排斥抗原。 於本發明包含腫瘤抗原的疫苗之一特別較佳的部份中, 彼等疫苗在治療癌症,例如前列腺癌、乳癌、結腸直腸 癌、肺癌、胰癌、腎癌、卵巢癌或黑瘤癌中有驚人的效 力。因此彼等調配物可含有腫瘤相關性抗原和與腫瘤支援 機制(例如血管生成、腫瘤侵入)相關聯繫的抗原。此外, 與癌症治療中的疫苗特別相關的抗原也包括前列腺特異性 膜抗原(P+SMA)、前列腺莖細胞抗原(PSCA)、酪胺酸酶, 殘存素(survivin),NY-ES01,前列腺酶(prostase),PS108 (W0 98/50567),RAGE,LAGE,HAGE。此外該抗原可以 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7
疋U激素例如全長親性腺激素釋放激素(G祕,獨 /20600) *的十胺基酸長之肽,可用 的治療,或免疫閹割中。 本么月、、且口物可預期能用來調配含有衍生自波雷爾氏螺 旋體類的抗原之疫苗。例如,該抗原可包括核酸,病原衍 生的抗原或抗原製備物,重組產生的蛋白質或肽,及嵌合 型融合蛋白質。特別者該抗原為〇spA。〇spA可以為有宿 主、田胞(大腸桿菌)的脂化形式特徵稱為(Lip_〇spA)的完全 成熟蛋白質或為非脂化衍生物。彼等非脂化衍生物包括擁 有机仃性感冒病毒的非構造蛋白質(NS1)所含前8i N•端胺 基酸芡非脂化NSl-〇spA融合蛋白質和全〇spA蛋白質,和 另 T有3個額外N-端胺基酸的〇spA非脂化形式的MDP-OspA 〇 本發明疫苗可用於過敏的預防或治療。彼等疫苗含有過 敏原特異性抗原(例如Der pl)和過敏原非特異性抗原(例如 人歲IgE竹生的肤’包含但不限於肤(ep 〇 477 231 B1))。 本發明疫苗也可用於除過敏、癌症或傳染病外的慢性病 之預防和治療。彼等慢性病為諸如動脈硬化和阿茲海默氏 症的疾病。 適合預防和治療易感染或已患上阿茲海默氏神經變性病 的病人所用抗原為,特別者,類澱粉蛋白前體蛋白質的N-端39-43的胺基酸片段(a冷)和更小的片段。該抗原揭於國 際專利申請第 WO 99/27944-號(Athena Neurosciences)之 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐)
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線 A7 B7 1232753 五、發明説明(22 中。 在每一疫苗劑量中的蛋白質含量係經選擇成可引發免疫 保護反應而無典型疫苗中的明顯不良副作用之量。彼等量 會依所用特異性免疫原和其如何呈現而變異。一般預計每 一劑量含有1_ 1000微克的蛋白質,較佳的是1-5〇〇微克,更 佳的為1-100微克,最佳者為2至50微克。一特定疫苗的最 適1可經由包括觀察在接種對象中的恰當免疫反應之標準 研%來確足。於起始接種之後,該對象可以接受充分間隔 的一次或數次加強免疫處理。彼等疫苗調配物可在初給或 加強接種階段施加到哺乳動物的黏膜表面;或另行地經由 系統性給藥,例如經由透皮、皮下或肌肉内的途徑者。 在本發明佐劑或疫苗中的CPG或免疫刺激性低聚核甞酸 的含量一般是很少的,但依疫苗調配物而定,可在每劑卜 1000微克的範圍内,較佳的是每劑1-5〇〇微克,且更佳者 在每劑1至100微克之間。 用於本發明佐劑中的急素含量可在每劑卜…㈧微克的範 圍内’較佳的是每劑L微克,更佳的是每^_250微克 且最佳的是每劑丨至丨⑼微克之間。因而CPG:息素比(w/w) 係在1 : 1〇〇〇到1000: i的範圍内,典型者為在1: 1〇〇至 1〇〇 : 1之間’且較佳的是在i : 10到i :…:⑶1〇: i的 範圍内,而最佳的是1 : 1,4 : 1或10 : i。 本發明調配物可用於預防和治療兩種目的。因此,乃提 出包素和CpG分子的組合在製造預防和治療病毒、細菌= 寄生蟲的感染、過敏、癌症和其他非慢性疾病所用疫苗之
裝 玎
線 -25-
1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(23 ) 用途^據此,,本發明提出—種治療易感染或已患上傳染疾 病或癌症,或過敏,或自體免疫病的哺乳動物之方法。在 本發月另部份中’提出一種如本文所述疫苗或佐劑組合 物’其包括扈素和CpG,作為醫藥品之用途。疫苗製備係 概括地載於New Trends and Devel〇pments 比 Vaccines (疫苗 的新趨勢和發展),edited by v〇ller et al ,以M Press,Baltimore,Maryiand,匕心八,1978,之中。 本發明組合物預期可用於調配含有源自廣多種來源的抗 原之疫田。例如,該抗原可包括人類、細菌或病毒核酸、 病原何生的抗原或抗原製備物,腫瘤衍生的抗原或抗原製 備物、宿主衍生抗原,包括從IgE衍生的肽,例如igE的組 織胺釋放性十肽(名為Stanw〇rth十肽),重組合產生的蛋白 質或肽和嵌合型融合蛋白質。 本發明提出系統性疫苗組合物,其包括一抗原,一惠素 和一免疫刺激性低聚核甞酸。因而提出一種治療易感=或 已患上疾病的個體的方法,其包括經由該個體的系統性途 徑給用本文實質說明過的組合物。此外,也提出防止個體 感染選自下列之中的疾病之方法··傳染性細菌和病毒疾 病、寄生物病、前列腺癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、肺癌、胰 癌、腎癌、卵巢癌或黑瘤癌;非癌症慢性疾病、過敏、阿 炫海默氏病、動脈硬化,該方法包括經由該個體的系統途 徑給用本文實質說明過的組合物。 另行地,本發明提出一種黏膜疫苗組合物其包括一抗原 和一么血性皂素。因此,提出一種治療易感染或已串、上疾 -26- 本紙張尺度適用巾賴家鮮(CNS) M規格(⑽X 297公石 1232753 A7 •丨丨 ______B7 五、發明説明(24 ) 病的個m之方法,包括用本文實質說明過的組合物施用於 該個體的黏膜表面。 、在再者,亦述及一種誘發哺乳動物系統性抗原特異性免 疫反應的方法,包括對該哺乳動物的黏膜表面給用含有抗 原和洛血性皂素的組合物。更提出一種製造疫苗或佐劑的 方法’其包括取得一皂素和取得一 CpG分子並將彼等與一 抗原混合。 可用於本發明組合物中的適當醫藥可接受賦形劑之例子 包括水、磷酸鹽緩衝食鹽水,等張性緩衝溶液。 附圖說明: 凰丄:鼻内強化接種14天後〇spA特異性IgG滴定度。 凰鼻内強化接種14天後〇spA特異性LA2滴定度。 凰2 ·鼻内強化接種14天後血清流行性感冒株特異性IgG 滴定度。 凰_i_:鼻内強化接種14天後血清的流行性感冒株特異性血 清血球凝集抑制(HAI)滴定度。 凰.5 :小鼠體内OspA特異性LA2滴定度。 凰五:得自已免疫小鼠的脾細胞所具gp 120-特異性淋巴組 織增生活性。該抗原特異性活性係以所有4實驗組於不同 抗原濃度下的刺激指數(SI)表示。 Μ 7 :得自已免疫小鼠的脾細胞所具HBsAg-特異性CTL活 性。效應細胞活性係經由檢驗P815細胞(空心圓)或經s-轉 染P815細胞(實心圓)的51Cr釋放予以評估。 圖8 :免疫小鼠體内的HBsAg-特異性抗體反應。特異性 -27- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(25 ) 抗體滴定度(以EU/愛升表示)和同型全貌係經由ELISA檢測 予以評估。合併血清所得值係顯示於表中,而同型分佈也 繪示在圖中。 遍1 :得自免疫小鼠的脾細胞所具HBSAg-和gpl20-特異 性淋巴組織增生活性。抗原特異性活性係以所有4實驗組 於不同抗原濃度下的刺激指數(SI)表示。 8LJ〇 :得自免疫小鼠的脾細胞所具HBsAg-和gpl20-特異 性CTL活性。效應細胞活性係經由檢驗對照p815細胞(空心 符號)或顯示出HBsAg或gp120 CTL抗原決定部位P815細胞 (實心符號)的51 Cr釋放予以評估。圖1 〇 a及1 〇 B分別表以 肽gp 120刺激及以肽Hbs Ag刺激
Mil :在免疫小鼠體内的Gpl20-特異性和HbsAg-特異性 抗體反應。特異性抗體滴定度(以微克/毫升表示圖ΗA) 和同型全貌係經由ELISA檢測予以評估。合併血清所得值 係顯示於表中,而同型分你也緣示在圖中。圖11B顯示出 gpl20-特異性抗體的同型圖型。 麗_11 :數組各含10隻動物的平均腫瘤成長隨時間之演 〇 本發明要由下面的例子予以闡明,但不受其所限。 貫施例1用QS2 1和CpG經鼻内強化接種Lip〇-〇spA的系統 性抗體 在此實施例中我們探討溶裂性皂素例如QS21的和免疫刺 激劑例如CpG疋否能夠以協同方式於小鼠的鼻内強化接種 中增加系統的免疫反應。雌性Balb/c小鼠(每組五隻),年 齡為8星期,用調配到明礬(5〇微克)上的lip〇-〇spA(1微克) -28- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明(26 ) 進行肌肉内接種免疫。三個月後,對小鼠經鼻内強化接種 (在麻醉下)10微升溶液(每個鼻孔5微升,用吸液管以小滴 輸送),該溶液包括在下列中任一者中的5微克1丨?〇-〇3?八: A : PBS ; B ·· 20微克 CpG 1001 (TCC ATG AGC TTC CTG ACG TT ’ Krieg 1826) ; C : 5 微克 QS21 (得自 Cambridge Biotech, USA) ; D ·· 20微克 CpG 1001+5微克 QS21 ;或E ·· 經由肌肉内注射1微克吸附到明礬(50微克)上的lipo-OspA。圖1和2顯示出鼻内強化接種14天後OspA特異性IgG 滴定度和LA2滴定度。 方法 进1定小鼠· OspA特異性血清IgG所用的ELISA : 將Maxisorp Nunc免疫板在4°C下用已在PBS中稀釋的1微 克/毫升OspA以50微克/洞予以塗覆一整夜(在平板的B到Η 列),或用50微升在PBS中的5微克/毫升經純化山羊抗小鼠 Ig(Boerhinger)予以塗覆一整夜(A列)。平板上的空白部位 用含有1%BSA,0.1%聚氧乙晞脫水山梨糖醇單月桂酸鹽 (TWEEN 20)和4%正常牛血清(NBS)的飽和緩衝液:PBS予 以封阻(1小時,37°C )。然後加入系列2倍稀釋的經稀釋在 飽和緩衝液中之IgG同型混合物(50微升每洞)作為標準曲 線(得自Sigma的小鼠單株抗體IgGl,IgG2a和IgG2b,以 200奈克(n g) /毫升開始並置於A列中),和血清樣品(以 1 /100稀釋度開始且置於B列到Η列中)在37 °C下保溫1小時 30分鐘。然後用洗滌緩衝液(pbs,0.1%的聚氧乙烯脫水山 梨糖醇單月桂酸鹽(TWEEN 20))洗滌平板(3次)。然後加入 -29- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(27 ) (50微升/洞)在飽和緩衝液中稀釋1/5000的生物素基化的山 羊抗小鼠I g G並在3 7 °C下保溫1小時3 0分鐘。於洗務三次和 緊接著加入鏈抗生物素蛋白-辣根過氧化酶拼合物 (Amer sham)後,洗條平板5次並在室溫下與50微升/洞的顯 露緩衝液(OPDA 0.4毫克/毫升(Sigma)和H202 0.03%於 50mM pH值4.5的檸檬酸鹽緩衝液中)保溫二十分鐘。加入 50微升/洞的2NH2SO4停止顯露。用Biol:ad 35 50 免疫讀取 器讀取492和630奈米(nm)處的光密度。經由使用 SoftMaxPro軟體以4參數數學方法計算抗體滴定度。 測量血清中對抗lipo-OspA的似LA2抗體之滴定度所用的抑 制檢定 在疫苗中的抗體滴定度係針對彼等的似LA2特異性予以 研究。LA2是一種小鼠單株抗體,其可辨識在細菌表面的 構像(conformational) OspA抗原決定部位並經證明能在試 管内殺死B. burgdorferi,且能保護小鼠對抗實驗室培養的 螺旋體的侵害(Schaible UE et al.1990,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 : 3768-3772)。還有,LA-2 mab業經證明與殺菌的 抗體是相關的,並且對人類血清的研究也顯示在總抗-〇3?八4〇滴定度與1^-2滴定度(以£1^18八測定)之間有良好 的相互關聯性。 將Maxisorp Nunc免疫板在4°C下用已在PBS中稀釋的0.5 微克/毫升lipo OspA以50微克/洞予以塗覆一整夜。平板上 的空白部位用飽和緩衝液在37°C下予以封阻1小時(100微 升/洞飽和緩衝液:PBS/BSA 1%/Tween 20 0.1%/NBS 4%。 -30- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7
五、發明説明(況 ) 在飽和緩衝液(50微升每洞)中從4微克/毫升起始以系列刑 2-倍稀釋率將LA2單株Ab (mAb)稀釋以形成標準曲線/也 加入得自受接種者的血清樣品稀釋液(以1/1〇稀釋度起始) 並將諸板置於37。(:下保溫2小時。溫置後用pbs/Tw^enW2() (〇·1%)洗滌諸平板3次。然後於各洞中加入(5〇微升/洞)在 飽和緩衝液中稀釋(1/1〇5〇00)的LA2 mAb-過氧化酶拼合物 並在37°C下保溫1小時。於洗滌五次後,在室溫下與5〇微 升/洞的顯露緩衝液(0PDA 〇·4毫克/毫升和H2〇2 〇〇3%於 50mM pH值4.5檸檬酸鹽緩衝液中)保溫二十分鐘。加入 HJO4停止反應與顏色形成。用Bi〇ra(j 355〇免疫讀取器讀 取492和630奈米(nm)處的光密度。經由使用s〇ftMaxPr(^ 體以4參數數學方法計算似lA2 Ab滴定度。由標準曲線的 比對來測定似LA2抗體滴定度。 結果
CpG和QS21可明顯改良對Lipo_〇spA的系統性抗體之鼻 内強化接種。並且,當兩種佐劑組合時,清楚地顯示出對 彼等反應有協同效用,尤其就LA2抗體而言。在QS21和 CpG的存在下引出的體液反應顯著地高於用非經腸強化接 種謗發者。合起來看,彼等結果清楚地顯示包括溶裂性皂 素和免疫刺激劑的鼻内調配物所具潛力。 實施例2·增強對流行性感冒病毒的系統性抗體之鼻内強 化接種所用的協同性qS21和CpG組合 在此實施例中我們要探討諸如qS2 1 (參閱實施例)的溶血 性惠素和諸如CpG的免疫刺激劑是否能夠以協同方式增強 -31 - 本紙張尺度通财關家標準(CNS) A4規格(謂〉〈297公羡) 1232753 A7 ^___B7 五、發明説明(29 ) 在用經抑活化的全流行性感冒病毒鼻内初給的小鼠體内之 系統性抗體的鼻内強化接種。 雌性Balb/c小鼠(每組1〇隻),年齡為8星期,用冷丙内酯 抑活化的三價全流行性感冒病毒(A/北京/262/95 ; A/約翰 尼斯堡/33/94 ; B/帕拿馬/45/90 ; 5微克HA/株)鼻内初給以 模仿發生在人類的天然初給。28天後,將小鼠鼻内強化接 種(在麻醉下)20微升含有1.5微克HA/株的冷_丙内酯抑活化 三價全流行性感冒病毒(與初給免疫相同的株)在下列之中 的一者内之溶液(1 0微升每個鼻孔,用吸液管以液滴輸 送):A : PBS ; B : 50 微克 CpG(TCG TCG TTT TGT CGT TTT GTC GTT,Krieg 2006);<::4.5微克(^21(得自 Cambridge Biotech,USA) ; D : 50微克 CpG + 4.5微克 QS21 ;或E :經由肌内注射1.5微克HA/株的三價分解流行性感 冒病毒(與初給免疫相同的株)。流行性感冒抗原由SSD GmBH製造商(Dresden,Germany)提供出。 圖3和4顯示出鼻内強化接種14天後血清中流行性感冒菌 株特異性IgG滴定度和血球凝集抑制(HAI)滴定度。顯示鼻 内加強接種14天後。 方法 測哥小鼠體内抗-流行性感冒IgG滴定唐所用的F丄ISA : 將Maxisorp Nunc免疫板在4°C下用已在PBS中稀釋的1微 克/毫升全流行性感冒病毒抗原以5 0微克/洞予以塗覆一整 夜(在平板的B到Η列),或用50微升在PBS中的5微克/毫升 經純化山羊抗小鼠Ig(Boerhinger)予以塗覆一整夜(Α列)° -32- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(30 ) 平板上的空白部位用含有1 % BSA,0.1%聚氧乙婦脫水山 梨糖醇單月桂酸鹽(TWEEN 20)和4%正常牛血清(NBS)的 飽和緩衝液:PBS予以封阻(1小時,37°C )。然後加入系列 2-倍稀釋的經稀釋在飽和緩衝液中之IgG同型混合物(50微 升每洞)作為標準曲線(得自Sigma的小鼠單株抗體IgGl, IgG2a和IgG2b,以200奈克(ng)/毫升開始並置於A列中), 和血清樣品(以1/100稀釋度開始且置於B列到Η列中)在37 °C下保溫1小時30分鐘。然後用洗滌緩衝液(PBS,0.1%的 聚氧乙婦脫水山梨糖醇單月桂酸鹽(TWEEN 20))洗滌平板 (3次)。然後加入(50微升/洞)在飽和緩衝液中稀釋1/5000的 生物素基化山羊抗小鼠IgG並在37°C下保溫1小時30分鐘。 於洗滌三次和緊接著加入鏈抗生物素蛋白-辣根過氧化酶 拼合物(Amersham)後,洗務平板5次並在室溫下與50微升/ 洞的顯露緩衝液(OPDA 0.4毫克/毫升(Sigma)和H202 0.03% 於50mM pH值4.5的擰檬酸鹽緩衝液中)保溫二十分鐘。加 入50微升/洞的2N H2S04停止顯露。用Biorad 3550免疫讀 取器讀取492和630奈米(nm)處的光密度。經由使用 SoftMaxPro軟體以4參數數學方法計算抗體滴定度。塗覆 所用經/3丙内酯(BPL)抑活化的全流行性感冒病毒(株A/北 京 /262/95)係由 SSD GmBH 製造商(Dresden,Germany)提 供。 小鼠體内流行性感冒特異性血清Abs的血球凝集抑制(HAI) 活性 血清(25微升)先用100微升的硼酸鹽0.5M緩衝液(pH 9)和 -33- ___-______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(31 ) 125微升購自Dade Behring高嶺土在室溫(RT)下處理20分 鐘。離心沈澱後(30分鐘,3000 RPM或860克),將100微升 的上澄液(相當於1/10稀釋度的血清)取出並與0.5%難血紅 血球在4°C下保溫1小時。在3200 RPM (970克)的離心沈澱 10分鐘後收集上澄液。兩次操作是為了消除血清中的自然 血球凝集因子而進行的。然後,將25微升已處理血清稀釋 在96洞Greiner平板中的25微升PBS内(始於1/20的系列2倍 稀釋)。以4個血球凝集單位的濃度(亦即低於最後一次引 起紅血球凝集的稀釋度4倍者)加入經BPL抑活化之全病毒 (25微升/洞)並在室溫下攪動30分鐘。在讀取前平板最後係 在4°C下保存一整夜。HAI滴定度係對應於抑制病毒謗發血 球凝集的最後血清稀釋度。 結果
CpG和QS2 1沒有提高對抗流行性感冒株的IgG或HAI抗體 之鼻内加強接種。但是,當兩種佐劑組合時,清楚地顯示 出對彼等反應的協同效應。由QS21和CpG引出的HAI反應 甚至比那些由非經腸強化接種謗發者更相似。彼等結果肯 定了組合溶血性皂素和免疫刺激劑的鼻内調配物所具潛 力。彼等也顯示出有數種CpG序列在此範疇中有效用。(在 本實施例中的Krieg 2006和在實施例3和5中的Krieg 1826)。 實施例3.用於增強Lipo-OspA系統性抗體的鼻内加強接種 之/3-七葉皂甞/CpG協同組合物 在本實施例中我們評估用其他溶血性皂素例如沒-七葉皂 -34- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 __B7 五、發明説明(32 ) 芬能獲得與在QS21和CpG之間觀察到的相似協同效應之可 能性。此外也試驗非溶血性惠素,甘草酸。 雌性Balb/c小鼠(每組6隻),年齡為8個星期,用調配到 明蓉上的lipo_OspA (1微克)鼻内初給。三個月後,對小鼠 鼻内加強接種(在麻醉下)10微升的溶液(5微升每鼻孔,用 吸液管以液滴方式注入)其中含有5微克在以下其中一種之 内的 lipo-OspA ·· A : PBS ; B : 50微克 CPG 1001 (TCC ATG AGC TTC CTG ACG TT,Krieg 1826) ; C ·· 5微克 -七葉 皂嘗(購自Sigma),D: 50微克CpG 1001+5微克/3-七葉皂 芬;E : 5微克甘草酸(購自Sigma) ; F : 50微克CpG 1001+5 微克甘草酸,或G :經由肌肉内注射1微克吸附到明蓉(5〇 微克)上的lipo-OspA。圖5顯示出鼻内加強接種14天後的 OspA特異性-LA2滴定度。 方法 彼等方法與在實例1中詳細者相同。 結果 冷-七葉皂甞和CpG在增強系統性la2 Abs的鼻内加強接 種中協同地起作用。此組合物比非經腸的加強接種引發出 更南的Ab反應。另一方面,由組合CpG和甘草酸不能獲得 彼等協同效應。 彼等和此專利先前的結果一起顯示CpG和諸不同溶血性 皂素以協同方式佐助免疫反應的能力。 實例4.使用與CpG及/或DQS21調配的惡性瘧原蟲rts,S 和HIV-1 gpl20致免疫性研究 -35- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公羞·) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(33 ) 1 · 實驗大綱 進行兩隻小鼠的致免疫性研究以評估CpG低聚核甞酸 (CpG)和QS21單獨的潛在添加或協同效應。將多組小鼠用 與CpG和QS21單獨或組合地調配的RTS,S和gpl20予以免 疫化。彼等佐劑組合物也在載體A1(0H)3或水包油乳液(o/w) 存在中測試。 經過兩次非經腸免疫處理後檢驗調配物的致免疫力。針 對抗原特異性抗體的存在和抗體同型分佈分析血清。用脾 細胞來評估細胞媒介的免疫反應。對彼等細胞檢驗細胞毒 性T型淋巴球(CTL)和淋巴組織增生性(淋巴組織增生)細胞 的存在。 表1 :實驗1中的小鼠分組 組 抗原 佐劑 1 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG/DQS21 2 RTS,S/gpl20 DQS21 3 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG/DQS21/Al(OH)3 4 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG/Al(OH)3 表 2 ·· 1 f驗2中的小鼠分組 組 抗原 佐劑 1 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG 2 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG/DQS21 3 RTS,S/gpl20 CpG/DQS21/o/w 乳液 2. 調配物 -36- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(34 ) 2.1.實驗1 調配程序: 在每次注射二天製備調配物。在需要時,將rts S (10 微克)和gpl20 (10微克)吸附在100微克AL(〇H)3上。於需要 時’於加入MPL (5微克)並溫置3 0分鐘後才加入1 〇倍濃繪 的PBS,pH 7.4和仏0的混合物之緩衝液,但對不含Dq 者,其缓衝液是P〇4,NaCl 10/150 pH 6.8。三十分鐘後, 若需要時,將以1/5重量比的QS21/膽固醇與微脂粒混合的 QS21 (5微克)(稱為DQ)加到調配物中。30分鐘後,在有 oligo的調配物中,於加入作為防腐劑的5〇微克/毫升硫柳 汞(thiomersal)之前30分鐘加入1〇〇微克的CpG。
Al(OH)3+RTSS+gpl20_l 小時 _MPL_30 分鐘·預混合料-30 分 鐘-D Q - 3 0 分鐘-C p G - 3 0 分鐘· T h i 〇 所有溫置皆在室溫下振盧進行。 2.2 實驗2 調配程序: 對兩注射同時調配。一隻小鼠的注射量是1〇〇微升。加 入50微克/亳升的硫柳汞作為防腐劑。 I·一組:將RTS,S (10微克)和gpi2〇 (1〇微克)用h20和 PBS pH 6.8稀釋使呈等張性。5分鐘後,將調配物吸附在 CpG 1856 (1〇〇微克)上。 、组:-將RTS,S (10微克)和gpl20 (10微克)用H20和 ?68卩117.4稀釋使呈等張性。5分鐘後,將111^,8和§{)12〇吸
1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(35 ) 附到DQ (5微克)上。三十分鐘的吸附後,將調配物吸附在 CpG 1856 (100微克)上。 差三組:將RTS,S (1〇微克)和gpl20 (1〇微克)用H20和 PBS pH 6.8稀釋使呈等張性。5分鐘後,將調配物吸附到 o/w乳液上。經5分鐘的吸附後,將調配物在加入CpG (100 微克)前吸附到QS21 (5微克)上。 3. 免疫方法 每組九隻(Balb/.C X C57B1/6) F1小鼠以兩星期的間隔接種 2 X 50微升的疫苗於後腳板中。兩星期後,取得血清以評 估抗體反應,且採取脾細胞以測定細胞媒介的免疫反應。 對於淋巴組織增生的分析,係在96洞圓底的微滴定平板 中以每毫升2 X 106的濃度四重複地接種細胞。在含不同濃 度的RTS,S或gpl20抗原下,於增補抗生素、穀胺醯胺和 1%(ν/ν)正常小鼠血清的RPMI-1640中培養彼等細胞72或96 小時。對照組細胞係於無抗原之下培養。然後用1微居/洞 [3H]-胸腺核茹脈衝彼等細胞一整夜後,收集並在沒粒子計 數器中測定摻入的放射性。結果以平均計數每分鐘(cpm) 表出。 對於CTL分析,在1〇微克每毫生的對應於HBsAg CTL抗 原決定部位(Schirmbeck et al·, 1995)或代表gpl20 CTL抗原 決定部位(Casement et al·, 1995)的 pCMI007 (GIHIGPGRAFYAARK)之合成 pCMI003 (IPQSLDSWWTSL) 的存在下,於6洞平板中培養細胞7天。在培養期末,使用 對照組和S-轉染P815細胞以標準[51Cr]-釋出檢定二重復地 -38 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(36 ) 評估效應細胞的HBsAg-特異性溶細胞活性。Gpl20-特異性 細胞毒害性係經由使用未處理的或經用PCMI007脈衝處理1 小時的P8 1 5目標細胞予以測定。最小和最大釋出率係用目 標細胞而非效應細胞並分別添加3% (v/v) Triton X-100測定 的。結果係表為% [51Cr]-釋放率(實驗室培養的cpm-自然 釋放的cpm/最大釋放的cpm_自然釋放的cpm)。 合併血清的滴定分析和同型分析係以酵素·聯結免疫吸著 檢定(ELISA)的方式使用經HbsAg塗覆的平板進行的。將血 清在PBS/BSA中以1 : 400起始稀釋。使用對Ig或同型物 IgGl,IgG2a和IgG2b具特異性的生物素基化次級抗體接著 辣根過氧化酶-鏈抗生物素蛋白拼合物來偵檢經結合的抗 體。用SoftmaxPro從參比值中計算ELISA滴定度並以ELISA 單位(EU/毫升)表出。Gp 120-特異性抗體滴定度係使用以 gp 120蛋白質覆蓋的平板以標準ELISA測定的。將血清在 PBS/Tween20/BSA中自1 : 100開始稀釋。使用對Ig或同型 物IgGl,IgG2a和IgG2b具特異性的生物素基化次級抗體接 著辣根過氧化酶-鏈抗生物素蛋白拼合物來偵檢經結合的 抗體。相對於標準小鼠Ig計算滴定度並以微克/毫升表出。 4.結果 實驗1 淋巴組織增生反應的分析未顯示出在組間對RTS,S的反 應性有任何顯著差異。相反地,包括CpG和DQS21兩者的 第1組和第3組顯示出比含有單獨CpG或DQS21的組較佳的 gp 120-特異性淋巴組織增生反應(圖6)。 -39- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
裝 玎
1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(37 ) 在這實驗中只測量HBsAg-特異性CTL。在接受組合CpG 和DQS21的第1和第3組與只用這兩種佐劑成分其中一種免 疫的第2和第4組之間在CTL謗發中沒有明顯的不同,而 A1(0H)3的存在會減少含CpG和DQS21組合的第1組中觀測 到的CTL活性(圖7)。但是,卻有一種趨勢出現,即CpG和 DQS21比單獨的DQS21較佳,且此組合物比單獨的CpG在 A1(0H)3的存在下會謗發更多的CTL。 小鼠的免疫反應只針對HBsAg-特異性抗體的存在檢驗。 除了第3組顯示出約三倍的增加之外,在所有組中皆有相 似的滴定度,徵明在A1(0H)3的存在下DQS21和CpG的組合 物比單獨的CpG更具致免疫性。含有A1(0H)3的第3和第4組 的同型分佈相似,而不含A1(0H)3時,CpG和DQS21的組合 物比單獨的DQS21謗發更強的似TH1的同型樣式(圖8)。 實驗2 於此實驗中對RTS,S和gp 120具特異性的淋巴組織增生反 應非常相似。數據顯示DQS2 1的添加(單獨者或在水包油乳 液中者)可增強兩種抗原的淋巴組織增生反應(圖9)。CTL 反應係經由使用HBsAg和gp 120 CTL兩者的抗原決定部位 來評估。在兩種情況下,第1組以單獨的CpG免疫後能探 測到CTL (圖10)。而,加入DQS21會導致對兩種抗原的 CTL之明顯增加(圖10)。水包油乳液的存在會中和DQS21 (gp 120)的正面效應或會提高試管内檢定的背景(HBsAg)。 經添加DQS21到CpG佐劑中會增加對HBsAg和gp 120的抗 體反應(圖11A)。當調配物中包括水包油乳液時可觀察到 -40- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(38 ) 進一步的提高(圖11A)。將DQS21加到CpG會使gpl20同型 分佈向更明顯的丁則偏向偏移(圖11B),同時在這實驗中對 HBsAg同型分佈的衝擊較不顯著。 5.結論 用以CpG和DQS21組合物調配的RTS,S和gpl20來免疫會 導致強大的抗原特異性免疫反應。佐劑成分CpG和DQS21 的組合物相對於單一的成分會 - 增強淋巴組織增生反應 - 提高CTL活性 - 擴大抗體滴定度和TH1同型樣式 實施例5. CpG及/或DQS21調配物在TC1腫瘤模型中的治療 潛能 1.實驗設計 各含10隻C57bl/6小鼠的四組在第0天於協腹裏皮下接受 10e6 (200微升)TC1細胞(E7表現性腫瘤細胞)接種。 然後在腫瘤挑激後第14和21天用5微克調配好的PD1/3E7 HPV16注入腳板間對小鼠接種兩次。一星期兩次個別測定 腫瘤生長。 小氣組別: 1. 無疫苗 2. PD1/3E7 + CPG (10微克 ODN 2006) 3. PD1/3E7+DQS21 (0.5微克) 4. PD1/3E7 + CPG+DQS21 一星期兩次經由測量個別腫瘤來監測腫瘤的生長。 -41 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 A7 ______ Β7 五、發明説明(39 ) 在注射天進行調配。一隻小鼠的注射量是100微升。若 需要時,用H20和pH 7·4的PBS稀釋PD1/3E7 (5微克)成等 張性。5分鐘後,若有需要時,將以1/5的QS21/膽固醇重 量比與微脂粒混合的QS21 (0.5微克)加到調配物中。30分 鐘後’對有oligo的調配物在加入作為防腐劑的1微克/毫升 破柳汞之30分鐘前加入1〇微克的CpG (ODN 2006)。 H20+PBS pH 7.4+PD1/3E7-5 分鐘+DQ-30 分鐘+CpG-3〇 分鐘-Thio 結果 圖12顯示出每1〇隻小鼠一組的平均腫瘤生長隨時間的演 變。接受10e6 TC1細胞腫瘤挑激的動物有100%漸進地發展 出增長的腫瘤。 70-80%的無接種動物或以在DQS21中的E7蛋白質接種的 動物在第35天死亡。 以調配到DQS21内的E7蛋白質之兩種接種幾乎沒有影響 腫瘤的生長。相反,以在CPG佐劑中的5微克protD 1/3 E7 HPV16 IFP (第14和21天)的兩次接種都引發彼等已長成腫 瘤的消退並保護小氣免於死亡:70-80%的小鼠仍在第3 5天 生存。這兩種免疫刺激劑CPG和DQS21的組合物顯示出比 單獨使用CpG較稍有益的效應。 -42- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) $ 訂
線 1232753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4〇 ) 序列表 <101〉 Friede,Martin
Garcon,Nathalie Hermand Philippe <120> 佐劑調配物 <130> B45181 <160> 5 <170> FastSEQ for Windows Version 3.0 <210〉 1 <211〉 20 <212> DNA <213> 人類 <400> 1. 20 tccatgacgt tcctgacgtt <210> 2 <211> 18 <212> DNA <213> 人類 <400> 2 tctcccagcg tgcgccat <210> 3 <211> 30 <212> DNA <213〉 人類 <400> 3 accgatgacg tcgccggtga cggcaccacg <210> 4 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> 人類 <400> 4 tcgtcgtttt gtcgttttgt cgtt <210> 5 <211> 20 <212> DNA <213〉 人類 <400> 5 tccatgacgt tcctgatgct 18 30 24 20 -43-本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
123^^107209 號專利申請案 B8 中文申請專利範圍替D81 _ 相翻g Hi 1· 一種佐劑組合物,其包括Q S 2 1 ' 3 D - Μ P L及免疫刺激 性寡核苷酸,其中該免疫刺激性寡核甞酸包括一嘌呤、 p票吟、C、G、σ密淀、喃淀序列。 2.根據申請專利範圍第1項之佐劑組合物,其中該免疫刺 激性寡核甞酸係包括一段選自由TCC ATG ACG TTC CTG ACG TT(SEQ ID NO: 1) ; TCT CCC AGC GTG CGC CAT(SEQ ID NO: 2) ; ACC GAT GAC GTC GCC GGT GAC GGC ACC ACG(SEQ ID NO: 3) ; TCG TCG TTT TGT CGT TTT GTC GTT(SEQ ID NO: 4) ; TCC ATG ACG TTC CTG ATG CT(SEQ ID NO: 5)所組成之群之序列。 3·根據申請專利範圍第1項之佐劑組合物,其中該免疫刺 激核甞酸係為選自由TCC ATG ACG TTC CTG ACG TT(SEQ ID NO:l) ; TCT CCC AGC GTG CGC CAT(SEQ ID NO: 2) ; ACC GAT GAC GTC GCC GGT GAC GGC ACC ACG(SEQ ID NO: 3) ; TCG TCG TTT TGT CGT TTT GTC GTT(SEQ ID NO: 4) ; TCC ATG ACG TTC CTG ATG CT(SEQIDNO:5)所組成之群之序列。 4·根據申請專利範圍第1項之佐劑組合物,其中該免疫刺 激性寡核苷酸含有被至少三個核嘗酸分開的至少兩個未 甲基化CG重複體。 5·根據申請專利範圍第1項之佐劑組合物,其中該免疫刺 激性寡核荅酸含有被6個核甞酸分開的至少兩個未甲基 化CG重複體。 6·根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之佐劑組合物,其 63708-940117.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210 X 297公董)
裝 訂
Ϊ232753 申請專利範圍 7 :進—步包括一載劑。 :據申請專利範圍第6項之 選自水知奶,、〒及載劑係 體。以硬、含微脂粒之膽固醇或明蓉的粒狀載 8.利:圍第7項之佐劑組合物,其中該含微脂 9 膽固醉之載劑係含有QS21。 •根據中請專利範圍第8項之 固醇之比例為1:5。 -中QS2!與膽 根據申凊專利範圍第7項之佐劑組合物 乳液之載劑係含有Q S 2 1。 11·根據申請專利範圍第8項之佐劑組合物 括金屬鹽顆粒。 12.根據申請專利範圍第10項之佐劑組合物 括金屬鹽顆粒。 13·根據申請專利範圍第11項之佐劑組合物 粒為氫氧化鋁或磷酸鋁。 14·根據申請專利範圍第12項之佐劑組合物 粒為氫氧化鋁或鱗酸鋁。 15·根據申請專利範圍第…項中任—项之佐劑組合物,其 2用於製備預防或治療病毒性、細菌性、寄生蟲性感 染、過敏、癌症或其他慢性病症。 16*種疫苗組合物,其包括根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中 任項之佐劑組合物,且進一步包括一腫瘤抗原。 17·根據申請專利範圍第丨6項之疫苗組合物,其中該抗原係 其中該水包油 裝 其係進一步包 其係進一步包 其中金屬鹽顆 其中金屬鹽顆 玎 63708-940117.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1232753 - C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 選自 MAGE、BAGE、GAGE、MUC-1、Her-2 neu、 CEA、PSA、KSA、PRAME或 GnRH。 18. 根據申請專利範圍第16項之疫苗組合物,其中該腫瘤抗原為 MAGE。 19. 根據申請專利範圍第16項之疫苗組合物,其中該腫瘤抗原為 Her-2 neu ° 20. 根據申請專利範圍第16項之疫苗組合物,其中該抗原係 選自PSMA、PSCA,酶胺酸酶、生存素(survivin)、NY-ES01、前列腺酶(prostase)、PS108、RAGE、LAGE 或 HAGE。 21. —種疫苗組合物,其包括根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中 任一項之佐劑組合物,並進一步包括類澱粉蛋白前體蛋 白質的N端的3 9 - 4 3胺基酸片段或其小片段。 22. 根據申請專利範圍第16項之疫苗組合物,其安全有效量 係用於治療罹患癌症或易罹患癌症之個體。 23. —種根據申請專利範圍第22項之疫苗組合物,其中癌症 係選自包括下列所組成之群:前列腺癌、乳癌、結腸直 腸癌、肺癌、胰癌、腎癌、卵巢癌、或黑色瘤癌。 24. 根據申請專利範圍第1 6項之疫苗組合物,其中該組合物 係經系統性給藥。 25. 根據申請專利範圍第1 6項之疫苗組合物,其中該組合物 係經黏膜給藥。 63708-940117.DOC ~ 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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