RU2737626C1 - Bath-house furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heating devices on solid fuel used for air heating and steam production in baths. Technical result is achieved by the fact that bath furnace comprises a furnace unit and a sub-station with ash box and grate, a door, wherein the furnace assembly consists of three parts: an upper semi-body, a lower semi-body and a furnace top with a flue outlet branch pipe, wherein on the mating surfaces of the half-cases and the furnace top there are pockets or slots, in which the refractory cord is laid, and all joints of the half-cases and the furnace top are additionally treated with a fire-resistant sealant, wherein the furnace is equipped with a baffle tooth installed on the guides between the upper and lower parts with possibility of movement on them, wherein thickness of walls of upper semi-body, lower semi-body and furnace top is 6 mm ± 1 mm, and the thickness of the upper part of the smoke exhaust branch pipe is 10 mm ± 1 mm, and the lower part—12 mm ± 1 mm, and in places of availability of stiffness ribs the walls of half-bodies are (10–12) mm ± 1 mm.

EFFECT: technical result consists in furnace design simplification, furnace processability enhancement, furnace chamber tightness improvement, furnace heat removal, possibility to adjust heat transfer of furnace, reduction of furnace weight.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to solid fuel heating devices used for heating air and generating steam in baths.

From RU 145329 U1, F24B 1/189, published 09/20/2014, a furnace for mobile structures with a movable damper and a spark arrester is known, containing a housing in which a combustion chamber with a door is located, a grate, an ash pan with an ash pan, a chimney, a protective convector casing and a support, in which the combustion chamber contains a damper with the possibility of its movement and a spark arrester adjacent to the chamber, consisting of a cavity and a chimney nozzle immersed in it.

The disadvantage of this furnace is the complex shape of the body, which does not allow the furnace to be manufactured by casting. Also, during the combustion of fuel, scale will form in the furnace space, the walls of the furnace will become thinner, as a result of which the furnace will become unusable.

The closest analogue is a bath stove (RU 150387 U1, F24B 1/24, published on February 20, 2015), which contains a body, a portal installed on the front side of the body, a firebox located in the body, a metal bed for stones located above the firebox and consisting of three sections, a chimney, in which each of the sections of the metal bed has the shape of a hollow open top inverted truncated pyramid with a rectangular base, the sections of the metal bed are connected by long upper edges, while a flame arrester is installed under the chimney, which ensures the movement of gases along the metal bed.

The disadvantage of this furnace is a large number of components, which reduces the manufacturability when assembling the furnace structure, and also creates a large number of joints through which flame or flue gases can break through. Also, equal over the entire plane thickness of the walls of the furnace leads to excess mass and material consumption of the device.

Application of the claimed invention provides the following technical results:

1. Simplification of the furnace design;

2. Improving the manufacturability of the furnace;

3. Improving the tightness of the combustion space;

4. Increasing the heat transfer of the furnace;

5. The ability to adjust the heat transfer of the furnace;

6. Reducing the mass of the furnace.

These technical results are ensured by the fact that a sauna stove containing a combustion unit and an ash pan with an ash box and a grate, a door, characterized in that the combustion unit consists of three parts: an upper half-body, a lower half-body and a top of the furnace with a chimney outlet, and on pockets or grooves are made on the abutting surfaces of the half-shells and the top of the furnace, into which a refractory cord is laid, and all joints of the half-shells and the top of the furnace are additionally treated with a refractory sealant, and the furnace is equipped with a bump tooth installed on the guides between the upper and lower parts with the ability to move along them, moreover, the thickness of the walls of the upper half-casing, the lower half-casing and the top of the furnace is 6mm ± 1mm, and the thickness of the upper part of the flue pipe is 10mm ± 1mm, and the thickness of the lower part is 12mm ± 1mm, and in the places where there are stiffening ribs the thickness of the walls of the half-shells is (10-12) mm ± 1mm. The sauna stove is equipped with a combustion tunnel, which is connected to the combustion unit using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant, or attached to the combustion unit using the thorn-groove method, or overlapped with the combustion unit. The size of the chimney tooth is selected based on the possibility of replacing a tooth that has become unusable through the chimney outlet without dismantling the top of the furnace or through the combustion tunnel. The tunnel is made of steel sheet with a thickness of 1-4mm, or cast iron. The grate is removable and installed on ledges made in the lower half-body. In the design of the sauna stove, an outer casing is used - a stove, which provides the possibility of placing stones throughout the space between the outer casing of the stove and the combustion unit itself so that there are natural gaps of 1-3 cm between the stones.

The bottom ash pan can be made of stamped steel sheet or cast from cast iron. Ash pan and ash pan are designed for easy ash extraction and regulation of air supply to the burning fuel.

In the process of manufacturing the furnace, the method of "wall thickness variation" can be applied, where the wall thickness can vary from 6 to 12 mm, which will lead to a decrease in the mass of the structure without loss of strength.

The internal design of the combustion chamber allows to increase the efficiency due to a more complete use of the thermal energy obtained from fuel combustion. This effect is achieved by directing heated gases through channels made in the upper part of the furnace. Moving the "bumping tooth" in the upper part of the furnace will accelerate or slow down the heating of the furnace and stones, which allows regulating the heat transfer of the furnace.

To ensure safe operation of the furnace, a combustion tunnel (fuel channel) and a cast-iron door are provided in the design. The tunnel can be made either from steel sheet 1-4 mm thick, or it can be cast from cast iron. The tunnel can be connected to the combustion unit either by the tongue-and-groove method, or it can be installed overlapping on the combustion unit. The connection of the combustion tunnel with the combustion unit is sealed using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant. The tunnel allows you to heat the stove from a room adjacent to the steam room and serves to "pass" through a non-combustible wall. The cast iron door serves as an excellent insulator, it consists of a frame and a leaf, which is equipped with fire-resistant tempered glass, a hook-shaped locking device and an air blower with a handle with an air supply regulator for controlling the air supply to the furnace section and regulating the fuel burning rate.

The stove can be equipped with a grid for stones, which serve as additional elements for heating the bath room and for the production of steam.

FIG. 1 shows the assembly units of the combustion unit, FIG. 2 shows a complete oven model.

Positions in the drawings indicate:

1. Top of the oven (top).

2. Upper half-body (middle part).

3. Lower half body (lower part).

4. Chipping tooth.

5. Furnace mesh (outer casing).

6. Furnace tunnel.

7. Refractory cord.

The design of the furnace is a single element of the furnace unit assembled from three cast iron (main) elements of the furnace by bolting through a refractory cord (in specially organized "pockets" for this) and additionally treated with a high-temperature sealant. The furnace is delivered assembled for sale. Therefore, the "human factor" is completely excluded during further assembly of the furnace.

In the lower element of the furnace there is a grate in a specially provided seat recess. The furnace channel is a thick-walled metal element with a door fixed to it, through which the furnace is fired.

The combustion channel is fixed directly to the combustion unit by means of a bolted connection. The combustion channel has a narrow and wide part. The narrow part of the channel connects to the combustion unit, and in the opposite, wide part, there is a combustion door with a large panoramic glass for visual observation and control of fuel combustion. Around the perimeter of the combustion unit, there is a rounded outer casing for placing stones in it.

The connection of the main elements of the furnace is made using a bolt connection along the perimeter of each element. Each of the three elements has a recess around the perimeter of the element used for laying the refractory cord. The design of the combustion unit is supplied assembled (three elements are assembled and bolted).

The walls of all elements and the bump tooth are made of gray or high-strength cast iron and have different material thicknesses, which is due to the different temperature load on each element:

верхний элемент имеет толщину стенок - 6 мм;

the top element has a wall thickness of 6 mm;

средний элемент имеет толщину стенок - 6 мм;

the middle element has a wall thickness of 6 mm;

нижний элемент имеет толщину стенок - 6 мм;

the bottom element has a wall thickness of 6 mm;

дымоходный патрубок в верхней части имеет толщину чугуна 10 мм., а в нижней части, примыкающей к корпусу печи - 12 мм. Дымоотводящий патрубок выполнен в виде конусообразного элемента.

the chimney in the upper part has a cast iron thickness of 10 mm, and in the lower part adjacent to the furnace body - 12 mm. The flue pipe is made in the form of a cone-shaped element.

Additionally, in the places where the structure stiffeners are present, the wall thickness is 10-12 mm (which is due to the cast iron casting method). The casting tolerance for wall thickness of all parts is ± 1 mm.

Waste gases pass from the combustion chamber through the so-called "labyrinth" formed in the upper part of the combustion unit, thereby evenly distributing heat to all walls of the combustion unit. Initially, the exhaust gases move upward from the burning fuel, then, hitting the upper flame arrester plate, move sideways to the free outlet, hit the upper wall of the upper furnace body and move upward into the smoke outlet.

The bumping tooth is installed between the upper and middle elements of the furnace on cast-iron guide elements of the structure. The tooth moves along these guides by manual movement. The baffle tooth closes the straight-through exhaust gas outlet by directing the gas flow along a more complex path to evenly distribute the temperature of these exhaust gases.

The chipper tooth is a consumable part (just like the grate, it is exposed to high temperatures and can be purchased separately as it breaks down), therefore, its absence of rigid attachment to the furnace body simplifies its replacement by unqualified specialists. It is recommended to install the baffle tooth after installation of the furnace in a position in which it closes the direct-flow exit of exhaust gases into the chimney.

To increase the time of maintaining the set temperature and humidity in the steam room, an external casing (heater) is used in the design of the sauna stove, in which stones are placed. The stones are placed all over the space between the outer casing of the furnace (mesh, closed casing, etc.) and the combustion unit itself so that natural gaps of 1-3 cm remain between the stones for natural air circulation and uniform heat removal from the walls of the furnace. Additionally, stones are placed on top of the combustion unit, covering the elements of the furnace body.

Claims (6)

1. Sauna stove, containing a combustion unit and an ash pan with an ash box and a grate, a door, characterized in that the combustion unit consists of three parts: an upper half-body, a lower half-body and a top of the furnace with a chimney outlet, and on the mating surfaces of the half-bodies and the top the furnace has pockets or grooves in which a refractory cord is laid, and all joints of the half-shells and the top of the furnace are additionally treated with a refractory sealant, moreover, the furnace is equipped with a baffle tooth installed on the guides between the upper and lower parts with the ability to move along them, and the thickness of the walls of the upper half-shell , the lower half-body and the top of the furnace is 6 mm ± 1 mm, and the thickness of the upper part of the smoke exhaust pipe is 10 mm ± 1 mm, and the lower part is 12 mm ± 1 mm, and in the places where there are stiffeners, the wall thickness of the half-bodies is (10-12) mm ± 1 mm. 2. Sauna stove according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a combustion tunnel, which is connected to the combustion unit using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant, or attached to the combustion unit by the thorn-groove method, or overlapped with the combustion unit. 3. Sauna stove according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the size of the chisel tooth is selected based on the possibility of replacing a tooth that has become unusable through the chimney outlet without dismantling the top of the stove or through the combustion tunnel. 4. Sauna stove according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the tunnel is made of steel sheet 1-4 mm thick or cast from cast iron. 5. Sauna stove according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the grate is removable and installed on the protrusions made in the lower half-body. 6. Sauna stove according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that an external casing is used in the design of the sauna stove, which makes it possible to place stones throughout the space between the outer casing of the stove and the combustion unit itself so that there are natural gaps of 1-3 cm between the stones.

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