RU2171141C2 - Centrifugal counter impact-type fine grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rock and ore fine grinding equipment. SUBSTANCE: grinder has cylindrical housing with upper charging opening and lower discharge opening, and two horizontal axially aligned working tools. Lower working tool is made in the form of two-stepped circular disk with prism-shaped speeding up and chipping hammers arranged on edges of upper and lower steps. Lower working tool is made in the form of ring secured through disk to distributor. Working tools formed as chipping hammers are arranged circumferentially of ring, and annular skirt is attached to edges of chipping hammers. Lower edge of chipping hammers of upper working tool is positioned at the level below upper edge of chipping hammers of lower working tool. EFFECT: increased grinding efficiency and simplified construction. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of disintegration and processing of rocks and ores, is intended for use in industries processing solid minerals.

 Structurally similar to the claimed crusher is a device for grinding grain [1] with two horizontal and oppositely rotating coaxial disks with alternating annular protrusions between which there is a grinding of soft material, in this case, grain.

 Known impact crusher containing a housing with a primary crushing rotor, above which there are synchronously rotating secondary crushing rotors having biconcave shock reflective surfaces, in the working chamber of which the destruction rate increases due to the addition of pulses communicated to the pieces of rock by the primary and secondary crushing rotors [2] . These types of crushers make it possible to achieve a high degree of crushing for relatively large pieces of rock. The degree of crushing of small classes of fineness is low. The return of non-crushed pieces of rock for secondary crushing in the working area is the weakest point of this crusher, because the concave grate used for these purposes is subjected to intense wear, and when solid materials get between the grate and the rotor, the crusher is jammed.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the centrifugal crusher containing a cylindrical body with upper loading and lower discharge openings, two horizontally and coaxially mounted with the possibility of opposite rotation of the working bodies with working elements forming rings, the lower working body is made in the form of a two-stage ring-shaped disk, on the edges of the upper and lower steps of which work elements are radially installed at an equal distance from each other, respectively, in the form of acceleration prismoid hammers and jackhammers, and the upper working body is made in the form of a ring fixed through a disk to the distributor, working elements in the form of jackhammers are located at the edges of the ring, the annular skirt is mounted to the edges of the hammers, while the hammers have vertical reflective surfaces and guide surfaces, tilted towards the lower edge of the hammers to move the material in the rolling mode, and the upper and lower working bodies due to the difference in outer and inner diameters are planted in such a way that izhnyaya edge jackhammers upper working organ located below the upper edge of the lower hammers working body.

 A comparison of the inventive crusher with an analogue [1] allows us to conclude that these designs fundamentally differ in the nature of the impact on the disintegrable material. In the proposed crusher, the destruction occurs due to the impact, and the device [1] is a multi-stage mill, where the grinding of the material is carried out by grinding and this device is not suitable for abrasive hard rocks.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype [2] shows that in the inventive crusher the weakest unit is excluded from the design - the unloading grate, instead of it, peripheral unloading of the crushed material through adjustable gaps between jackhammers, which can be replaced selectively with wear, is proposed. Another significant difference is that the material is scattered horizontally around the periphery of the jackhammers and collides in the opposite direction with the jackhammers of the next row, receiving an anti-directional shock impulse. Therefore, the inventive crusher meets the criteria of the invention - "novelty."

 In the claimed embodiment, the possibility of regulating and enhancing the process of disintegration by providing a high level of relative angular velocity of rotation of the working bodies increases. Along with this, the rotation of the working bodies performs another function: unloading the detailed material through the gaps between the hammers due to the centrifugal force and the impact of the disintegrated pieces on the accumulated but not yet unloaded part of the particles on the rotating jackhammers.

 Thus, a comparative analysis of the proposed crusher with analogues allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive level".

 The invention is illustrated by graphic material, where in FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a crusher BB, in FIG. 2 is a horizontal section through a crusher AA.

 The crusher consists of a cylindrical body 1 with loading 2 and unloading 3 holes, in which oppositely rotating lower 4 and upper 7 discs are coaxially mounted, with accelerating 5 and jackhammers 6 mounted on them. The rotation of the discs is obtained from the drive through the pulleys 10 and 11. In the upper part of the housing, an air outlet 9 is provided for suctioning the dust.

 The crusher works as follows: the source material to be crushed through the loading hole 2 enters the distributor 12 and is scattered on the working surfaces of the accelerating hammers 5 of the lower disk 4, it receives the initial shock impulse, is partially destroyed and is discarded to the counter-rotating hammers of the upper disk under the action of centrifugal force . In this case, a counter strike and intense disintegration of the material occurs. Destroyed material smaller than the gap between the hammers 6, under the action of centrifugal forces, leaves the working area, and non-fragmented pieces of material are thrown back to the accelerating hammers, and some of the material may remain pressed on their surface. Moreover, the part of the material that has fixed on the surface of the jackhammers of the upper disk is constantly subjected to impacts of pieces flying from the accelerating hammers to destruction and ultimately is unloaded through the gaps between the hammers 6. Uncrushed mass due to centrifugal force and impact due to the inclination of the surface of the jackhammers moves down and reaching the edge of the jackhammers is discarded to the counter-rotating jackhammers 6 of the lower disk, where the disintegration process is repeated. The annular skirt 8 is made of triangular-shaped plates, each of which is fortified from below to the hammers of the upper disk.

 They contribute to a more uniform unloading (scattering) of the material in height than the full use of the working surfaces of the hammers is achieved. Metal and non-crushed objects that accidentally fall into the crusher with the source material are thrown out of the working area due to the inclination of the reflective plane of the hammers without damaging the crusher parts.

Sources of information
1.2029617, C1, 02.27.1995.

 2. SU 1196025 A, 12/07/1985.

Claims (1)

 A centrifugal crusher comprising a cylindrical body with upper loading and lower discharge openings, two working bodies horizontally and coaxially mounted with the possibility of opposite rotation with working elements forming rings, characterized in that the lower working body is made in the form of a two-stage annular disk, at the edges of the upper and the lower stages of which are installed radially at an equal distance from each other, working elements, respectively, in the form of accelerating and jacking prismatic hammers, and the upper working body is made in the form of a ring fixed through a disk to the distributor, along the edges of the ring are working elements in the form of jack hammers, to the edges of which an annular skirt is mounted, while the hammers have vertical reflective surfaces and guide surfaces inclined towards the lower edge of the hammers to move the material in the rolling mode, and the upper and lower working bodies due to the difference between the outer and inner diameters are planted in such a way that the lower edge of the jackhammers is upper of working organ located below the upper edge of the lower hammers working body.

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