RU2162533C1 - Off-line heat-and-power cogeneration plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal engineering; heat and power supply to stationary and mobile loads. SUBSTANCE: cogeneration plant using internal-combustion or Stirling engine for direct-cycle energy conversion has engine 1 that produces useful energy in the course of its running which is converted into electrical energy by means of electric generator 4 mounted on same shaft. Engine 1 is cooled by water supplied to cooling jacket 3 from cooling system 8 communicating with external heat supply system 8 through heat exchanger 9. Some portion of tap water is passed from water system over line 11 to steam generator 5 through connecting pipe 13 and other portion is delivered to steam-water heating pump 6. High-pressure steam is conveyed from steam generator 5 over line 15 to steam-water heating pump 6 where it is mixed up with water passed from line 11 to produce high-temperature and high-pressure water. Hence, hot water is delivered under high pressure over line 16 of hot-water supply system. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency, reduced size and mass of cogeneration plant. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of power engineering and direct-cycle energy converters (for example, internal combustion engines, Stirling engines), is intended as stand-alone power plants for stationary and mobile objects while generating electricity and heat.

 Known is a combined installation based on the Stirling engine, with an electric generator on one shaft, fuel supply lines and a heat exchanger for heating the liquid through which the high-temperature exhaust gases of the Stirling engine pass, while the heated liquid is transferred to external pipelines (Application EPO N 0457399. Review journal "Invention countries of the world ", issue B-65, N 5, 1993, p. 13). However, this installation has a complex system for co-cooling the engine and generator, and it is also not designed to generate steam.

 A device is known for a power plant comprising an internal combustion engine (ICE) with a power consumer shaft through a coupler, and a steam turbine recycling plant with a working fluid circulation circuit including a steam turbine, condenser, feed pump, and a steam generator located in the ICE high-temperature exhaust gas discharge line ( Copyright certificate N 1677360. Bulletin of inventions N 34 from 15.4.91, p. 141 - 142). However, this device is not intended to generate thermal energy for heat supply to external consumers.

 A device for a steam-water pump-heater (PNP), designed for use in various industrial technologies using steam, combining the functions of a heater and a pump at the same time. The use of PPS allows you to significantly reduce energy consumption for your own needs and to reduce the weight and size characteristics of heat exchangers (Petersburg Energy / newspaper /, N 5, (11), 05.25.99). However, previously a steam-water preheater was not used in cogeneration units.

 A device is known for a cogeneration unit designed to simultaneously produce electricity and heat, including an internal combustion engine with an electric generator on one shaft, a fuel supply line, an engine cooling circuit, a heating circuit (heat supply system with heat consumers), a heat exchanger system that transfers heat to the cooling engine fluid and high-temperature exhaust gases to the heating circuit, and the control panel ("Construction Review" // Quality Journal //. St. Petersburg. N 5 (32), May-June 1999, p. 16-17). However, this device does not imply the production of steam and its use to reduce energy consumption for own needs.

 The technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the invention is to increase the efficiency of the system by reducing energy costs for their own needs, and reducing the overall dimensions of the heat and power system.

 To achieve this technical result, an autonomous heat energy system for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat, including a direct cycle converter (for example, an internal combustion engine or a Stirling engine) with an electric generator on one shaft, fuel supply lines, a heat exchanger-heat exchanger of high-temperature engine exhaust gases, through which passes the engine exhaust gas line, the engine cooling system, connected through a heat exchanger to the external heat supply, is equipped with a heat exchanger-utilizer of high-temperature engine exhaust gas, made in the form of a steam generator, a steam-water heater pump and a heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature engine exhaust gas, and also a tap water supply line with a control valve passing through the heat exchanger-engine exhaust gas cooler steam-water heater pump and associated jumper with a steam generator located after the heat exchanger the reactor and having a control valve, a high-pressure steam line coming from the steam generator with a steam-water heating pump, and a hot water supply line, while the exhaust gas line of the engine sequentially passes through the steam generator first and then through the low-temperature exhaust gas heat exchanger-utilizer.

 Introduction to the composition of an autonomous heat energy system for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat from a heat exchanger-heat exchanger of a high-temperature engine exhaust made in the form of a steam generator, a steam-water heating pump and a heat exchanger-heat exchanger from a low-temperature engine exhaust, as well as a tap water line connected by a jumper to the steam generator and passing through a heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature gases, and a steam-water pump-heater and highways topics of hot water supply, allows you to get a new property, which consists in the possibility of using the heat of the engine cooling system for heat supply to external heat consumers, and the residual heat of the treated engine gases for hot water supply, while high pressure steam is generated for its further use to replace network pumps and heat exchangers devices in the hot water system.

 The drawing shows an autonomous heat power system for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat.

 An autonomous heat energy system includes a direct cycle converter (for example, an internal combustion engine) 1 with an exhaust gas line 2 and a cooling jacket 3, an electric generator 4 located on the same shaft as engine 1, a heat exchanger-heat exchanger of heat of high-temperature exhaust gases, made in the form of a steam generator 5, steam-water pump-heater 6, heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature exhaust gases 7, cooling system 8 of engine 1, connected through a heat exchanger 9 to the system outside heat supply line 10, tap water line 11 with a control valve 12, a jumper 13 connecting a line 11 with a steam generator 5 with a control valve 14, a high-pressure steam pipe 15 going from the steam generator 5 to the steam-water heating pump 6, and the main 16 of the hot water supply system. For the circulation of coolant in the cooling system 8 of the engine 1, a pump 17 is provided.

 Autonomous heat power system for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat works as follows.

During operation, engine 1 produces useful energy that is converted into electrical energy by means of an electric generator 4 located on the same shaft as engine 1. To cool engine 1, cooled water of cooling system 8 is pumped into cooling jacket 3 by pump 17. To relieve heat load from the engine 1 cooling system 8 is connected through a heat exchanger 9 with an external heat supply system 10. Tap water through a control valve 12, through line 11 enters the heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature waste the basics 7, where this water is heated by the residual heat of the low-temperature gases coming from the steam generator 5. Next, from the heat exchanger-heat exchanger 7, part of the water through the jumper 13 with the control valve 14 enters the steam generator 5 to produce high pressure steam due to heat exchange with high-temperature exhaust gases coming from engine 1 through line 2, and the other part of the water enters the steam-water pump-heater 6, into which at the same time from the steam generator 5, through the line 15 high-pressure steam enters. In the steam-water pump-heater 6 due to the special design and the effect of mixing two-phase vapor-liquid media, an increase in pressure, intensive mixing of steam and water, followed by obtaining hot water with a high temperature (up to 100 ^o C) and pressure. Due to this pressure, hot water is supplied via line 16 to the hot water supply system. To regulate the flow of water, control valves 12, 14 are provided.

Sources of information:
1. Application EPO N 0457399. The abstract journal "Invention of the World", issue B-65, N 5, 1993, p. 13.

 2. Copyright certificate. N 1677360. Bulletin of inventions N 34 from 15.4.91, p. 141 - 142.

 3. "Energy of St. Petersburg" // newspaper //, N 5, (11), from 05.25.99

 4. "Construction Review" // Journal of Quality //, St. Petersburg, N 5 (32), May-June 1999, p. 16 - 17. - prototype.

Claims (1)

 An autonomous heat energy system for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat, including a direct cycle converter (for example, an internal combustion engine or a Stirling engine) with an electric generator on one shaft, a fuel supply line, a heat exchanger-heat utilizer of high-temperature exhaust gases of the engine through which the exhaust gas pipeline passes engine gases, an engine cooling system connected through a heat exchanger to an external heat supply system, characterized in that sleep It is supplied with a heat exchanger-utilizer of high-temperature exhaust gases of the engine, made in the form of a steam generator, a steam-water heater pump and a heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature exhaust gases of the engine, as well as a water supply line with a control valve passing through the heat exchanger-utilizer of the low-temperature exhaust gas pump a heater and a connected jumper with a steam generator located after the heat exchanger-utilizer and having regulation a control valve, with a high-pressure steam line going from the steam generator to the steam-water heating pump, and a hot water supply line, while the exhaust gas line of the engine passes through the steam generator first and then through the heat exchanger-utilizer of low-temperature exhaust gases.