RU2016110718A - Композиции, содержащие фторзамещенные олефины - Google Patents
Композиции, содержащие фторзамещенные олефины Download PDFInfo
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- RU2016110718A RU2016110718A RU2016110718A RU2016110718A RU2016110718A RU 2016110718 A RU2016110718 A RU 2016110718A RU 2016110718 A RU2016110718 A RU 2016110718A RU 2016110718 A RU2016110718 A RU 2016110718A RU 2016110718 A RU2016110718 A RU 2016110718A
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- fluoroalkene
- composition
- unsaturated
- terminal carbon
- composition according
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
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- C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
- A01N29/02—Acyclic compounds or compounds containing halogen attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a cycloaliphatic ring system
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Claims (108)
1. Теплопередающая композиция, включающая, по меньшей мере, один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3, причем эта теплопередающая композиция имеет потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
2. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 1, в которой названный, по меньшей мере, один фторалкен является соединением формулы II:
где каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н
R' означает (CR2)nY
Y означает CRF2
и n равно 0 или 1.
3. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 2, где Y означает CF3.
4. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 3, где по меньшей мере один R у ненасыщенного концевого углерода не является F.
5. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 4, где по меньшей мере один R у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
6. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 2, где n равно 0.
7. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 2, где Y означает CF3 и n равно 0.
8. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 1, в которой названный по меньшей мере один фторалкен включает по меньшей мере один тетрафторпропен (HFO-1234).
9. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 8, в которой названный по меньшей мере один фторалкен включает также по меньшей мере один пентафторпропен (HFO-1225).
10. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 1, в которой названный по меньшей мере один фторалкен включает также по меньшей мере один пентафторпропен (HFO-1225).
11. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 8, в которой названный по меньшей мере один тетрафторпропен (HFO-1234) включает по меньшей мере одно соединение, у которого ненасыщенный концевой углерод имеет не более одного F-заместителя.
12. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 11, в которой названный по меньшей мере один тетрафторпропен (HFO-1234) в основном состоит из соединений, у которых ненасыщенный концевой углерод имеет более одного F-заместителя.
13. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 10, в которой названный по меньшей мере один пентафторпропен (HFO-1225) включает по меньшей мере одно соединение, у которого ненасыщенный концевой углерод имеет не более одного F-заместителя.
14. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 10, в которой названный по меньшей мере один пентафторпропен (HFO-1225) включает по меньшей мере одно соединение, у которого ненасыщенный концевой углерод имеет не более одного F-заместителя.
15. Способ передачи тепла к или от жидкости или тела, включающий принудительный фазовый переход у фторалкена формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
16. Способ по п. 15, в котором названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
17. Способ по п. 16, где z равно 3.
18. Способ по п. 17, где по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода не является F.
19. Способ по п. 18, где по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
20. Способ по п. 16, где X означает C3-алкильный радикал.
21. Способ по п. 16, где Y означает CF3, а X означает C2-алкильный радикал.
22. Вспениваемая композиция, содержащая полиол и вспенивающий агент, включающий по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
23. Вспениваемая композиция по п. 22, в которой названный вспенивающий агент имеет потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
24. Вспениваемая композиция по п. 22, в которой названный вспенивающий агент имеет потенциал истощения озонового слоя (ПИОС) не выше приблизительно 0,05.
25. Вспениваемая композиция по п. 22, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
26. Вспениваемая композиция по п. 22, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод и по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
27. Пена с закрытыми ячейками, содержащая состав полимерной пены, включающий вспенивающий агент, включающий по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
28. Предварительно приготовленная пенная композиция, содержащая полиол и вспенивающий агент, включающий по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
29. Способ образования пены, включающий добавление к вспениваемой композиции вспенивающего агента, включающего по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
30. Способ по п. 29, в котором названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
31. Чистящая композиция, содержащая по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3, и имеющая потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
32. Чистящая композиция по п. 31, у которой названный ПГП не превышает приблизительно 100.
33. Чистящая композиция по п. 31, имеющая потенциал истощения озонового слоя (ПИОС) не выше приблизительно 0,05.
34. Чистящая композиция по п. 31, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
35. Чистящая композиция по п. 31, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод и по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
36. Способ очистки от загрязнителя изделия, включающий контактирование названного изделия с композицией, включающей по меньшей мере один фторалкен в соответствии с формулой I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
37. Способ по п. 36, в котором названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
38. Огнетушащая композиция, включающая по меньшей мере один фторалкен в соответствии с формулой I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3, причем названная огнетушащая композиция имеет потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
39. Огнетушащая композиция по п. 38, в которой ПГП не превышает приблизительно 100.
40. Огнетушащая композиция по п. 38, имеющая потенциал истощения озонового слоя (ПИОС) не выше приблизительно 0,05.
41. Огнетушащая композиция по п. 38, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
42. Огнетушащая композиция по п. 38, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод и по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
43. Способ огнетушения, включающий подачу на по крайней мере часть пламени или на источник топлива для пламени по меньшей мере одного фторалкена формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
44. Способ по п. 43, где названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
45. Улучшающая сродство композиция для улучшения сродства теплопередающей жидкости и смазочного материала, которая (композиция) содержит по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3, и которая имеет потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
46. Улучшающая сродство композиция по п. 45, у которой названный ПГП не превышает приблизительно 100.
47. Улучшающая сродство композиция по п. 45, имеющая потенциал истощения озонового слоя (ПИОС) не выше приблизительно 0,05.
48. Улучшающая сродство композиция по п. 45, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
49. Улучшающая сродство композиция по п. 45, в которой названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод и по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
50. Способ стерилизации изделия, включающий контактирование упомянутого изделия с композицией, содержащей по меньшей мере один фторалкен в соответствии с формулой I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
51. Способ по п. 50, в котором названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
52. Способ снижения воспламеняемости легковоспламеняющейся композиции, включающий добавление к этой композиции в количестве, эффективно снижающем воспламеняемость композиции, по меньшей мере одного фторалкена в соответствии с формулой I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3.
53. Способ по п. 52, в котором фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
54. Композиция, включающая:
(а) по меньшей мере один фторалкен формулы I:
где X означает ненасыщенный, замещенный или незамещенный C2- или C3-алкильный радикал, каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н и z равен 1-3; и
(b) по меньшей мере один адъювант из группы, в которую входят смазочные материалы, улучшающие сродство агенты, поверхностно-активные вещества, солюбилизирующие агенты, диспергирующие агенты, клеточные стабилизаторы, средства косметики, полирующие средства, медикаменты, очистители, огнезащитные средства, красящие вещества, химические стерилизаторы, стабилизаторы, полиолы, компоненты полиоловых премиксов и комбинации двух или более из названных адъювантов.
55. Композиция по п. 54, имеющая потенциал глобального потепления (ПГП) не выше приблизительно 150.
56. Композиция по п. 54, в которой названный по меньшей мере один фторалкен является соединением формулы II:
где каждый из R независимо означает Cl, F, Br, I или Н
R' означает (CR2)nY
Y означает CRF2
и n равно 0 или 1.
57. Композиция по п. 56, где Y означает CF3.
58. Композиция по п. 56, где по меньшей мере один R у ненасыщенного концевого углерода не является F.
59. Композиция по п. 56, где по меньшей мере один R у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
60. Теплопередающая композиция, включающая композицию по п. 54, в которой в число названных адъювантов входит по меньшей мере один смазочный материал.
61. Теплопередающая композиция, включающая композицию по п. 54, в которой в число названных адъювантов входит по меньшей мере один улучшающий сродство агент.
62. Теплопередающая композиция по п. 61, в которой названное соединение формулы I присутствует в количестве по меньшей мере примерно 50% масс. и названный смазочный материал присутствует в количестве по меньшей мере примерно 30% мас.
63. Вспенивающий агент, содержащий композицию по п. 54, в которой в число названных адъювантов входит по меньшей мере один химический стерилизатор.
64. Вспенивающий агент, содержащий композицию по п. 54, в которой названное соединение формулы I присутствует в количестве от примерно 30 до примерно 50% масс.
65. Стерилизующая композиция, включающая композицию по п. 54, в которой в число названных адъювантов входит по меньшей мере один химический стерилизатор.
66. Композиция по п. 54, не имеющая значительной острой токсичности.
67. Композиция по п. 54, имеющая низкую острую токсичность, в которой названное соединение формулы I в основном состоит из одного или более соединений, где названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод, имеющий не более одного F-заместителя.
68. Композиция по п. 54, имеющая низкую острую токсичность, в которой названное соединение формулы I в основном состоит из одного или более соединений, где названный фторалкен включает ненасыщенный концевой углерод и по меньшей мере один заместитель у ненасыщенного концевого углерода является водородом.
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