KR102040025B1 - Method for measuring the shape of wheel for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of measuring the shape of a wheel of a railway vehicle and, more specifically, to a method of measuring the shape of a wheel of a railway vehicle, capable of extracting the diameter and profile of a wheel at the same time by measuring coordinates through three laser lines simultaneously emitted to the surface of the wheel and extracting the shape of the wheel through a correlation between the coordinates. According to the present invention, the method includes: a laser line sensor installation step of installing a plurality of laser line sensors in the lower part of a progress direction of a wheel; a coordinate measurement step of simultaneously measuring coordinates of a laser line created by emitting a plurality of laser lines to the surface of the wheel at the same time; and a wheel shape calculation step of extracting the diameter and profile of the wheel at the same time by using a geometrical shape of the wheel and the coordinates of the laser line measured in the coordinate measurement step.

Description

{Method for measuring the shape of wheel for railway vehicles}

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the shape of a wheel of a railway vehicle, and more particularly, simultaneously irradiates three laser lines on a surface of a wheel and simultaneously measures the coordinates thereof, and extracts the shape of the wheel through the correlation of the measured coordinates. The present invention relates to a method for measuring a wheel shape of a railway vehicle, which enables to simultaneously extract a profile and a diameter of a wheel.

In general, railway vehicles have a specially shaped wheel profile structure for driving a track.

In order to prevent the wheels from being worn over the standard due to continuous friction with the rails and to prevent accidents such as derailment, and to ensure a stable ride, a profile of a specific reference shape must be maintained.

Therefore, it is prescribed to periodically measure and manage the shape of the wheels for the management of the wheels for railway vehicles.

Conventional wheel shape measuring device is installed in the lower portion of the train running, the configuration is, as shown in Figure 1, the profile laser 22, the irradiation surface forms a line in the width direction of the wheel 10, and Profile camera 20 for photographing the profile line represented by profile laser 22, diameter laser line 32 for irradiating the inner surface of the wheel, and diameter portion line represented by diameter laser 32 It comprises a diameter camera 30 to photograph.

That is, when an image of the profile line and the diameter line of the wheel 10 is obtained, the overall shape of the wheel is measured by combining and analyzing the profile line, and the flange thickness is measured based on the inside of the wheel identified by the diameter image.

However, when using such a conventional wheel shape measuring device, it is impossible to check that the wheel is inclined in the vertical and horizontal directions or biased to one side in the horizontal direction, thereby causing a large measurement error.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0628351 discloses a wheel shape measuring apparatus using a multi-line laser, the main technical configuration of which is a profile of two or more first laser lines Two or more profile measuring units for outputting two or more profile line image signals of the wheel by irradiating and photographing the bottom of the wheel; and two or more diameter line image signals of the diameter line of the wheel by irradiating and photographing two or more second laser lines on the bottom surface of the wheel And a data processor for correcting the profile line image signal and the diameter line image signal to extract wheel shape data.

That is, the prior art has the advantage that the shape of each part can be measured relatively accurately even if the wheel is displaced in the horizontal or vertical direction or the position is changed, but the profile and the diameter of the wheel must be measured separately for measuring the shape of the wheel. There is a disadvantage in that a lot of equipment is required, which increases the probability of measurement error.

In addition, in the prior art, a plurality of laser lines are formed in the axle direction of the wheel and the flange surface of the wheel to analyze each line and calculate the correlation to accurately measure the profile shape such as the flange height regardless of the wheel twist. Although it is mentioned that it can be mentioned, it is mentioned that only the method of directly measuring the entire shape of the wheel is mentioned, and there is a problem in that it is not mentioned at all how the interpretation of each line and the calculation of correlation are made.

In the case of the prior art, it is described that the speed and the acceleration are measured and the camera triggering point is calculated using the same. However, the speed and the acceleration measurement are inevitably included in the measurement, which affects the camera triggering timing for measuring the image. As a result, there is also a problem that the measurement accuracy is eventually reduced.

1. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0628351 (2006. 09. 27. notification) 2. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1528766 (2015. 06. 15. notification)

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to measure in one place by using the coordinates simultaneously measured through three laser line sensors spaced apart in parallel at a predetermined interval It is to provide a method for measuring the shape of the wheel of the railway vehicle that can be extracted at the same time the profile and diameter of the wheel.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a wheel shape of a railway vehicle to improve measurement accuracy by allowing an error that may occur in a conventional camera triggering timing to be excluded at source.

The present invention for achieving the above objects,

In the wheel shape measurement method of a railway vehicle, the laser line sensor installation step of installing a plurality of laser line sensors in the lower direction of the wheel, and the coordinates of the laser line generated by irradiating a plurality of laser lines on the surface of the wheel at the same time And a wheel shape calculation step of simultaneously extracting a profile and a radius of the wheel by using the coordinate measuring step of measuring simultaneously and the geometry of the wheel and the coordinates of the laser line measured in the coordinate measuring step.

At this time, the laser line sensor installation step is characterized in that the three laser line sensors are installed in parallel so as to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval.

Further, the wheel shape calculation step, the center coordinates to obtain the center of the circle passing through the three points using the coordinates of any three points at the same point in the width direction of the wheel of the coordinates of the laser line measured in the coordinate measuring step The entire wheel by repeating the calculation step, the radius calculation step of obtaining the radius of the circle using the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the center coordinate calculation step, and the center coordinate calculation step and the radius calculation step at regular intervals in the width direction of the wheel. Characterized in that it comprises a profile calculation step of calculating the profile of.

... (1),

... (2),

... (3)에 의해, 원의 중심 좌표

,

를 연산하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Here, in the center coordinate calculation step,

... (One),

... (2),

... coordinates of the center of the circle, by (3)

,

It is characterized in that the operation.

In the radius calculation step, the radius R of the circle may be calculated by substituting the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the center coordinate calculation step into any one of the formulas (1) to (3).

The method may further include a dimension measuring step of measuring dimensions required for wheel management using the profile and the radius of the wheel extracted in the wheel shape calculation step.

According to the present invention, by using the coordinates measured at the same time through the three laser line sensors spaced apart in parallel at a predetermined interval to extract the profile and the diameter of the wheel at the same time only by measuring at the same time to measure the shape of the wheel This greatly simplifies the equipment and procedures required, while also reducing installation and maintenance costs.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to fundamentally eliminate errors that may occur in the conventional camera triggering timing, thereby improving measurement accuracy, and accordingly analyzing the geometric contact characteristics between the wheels and the rails, thereby making the equivalent surface gradient more reliable. It has an additional effect that can be obtained.

1 is a perspective view showing an operation configuration of a conventional wheel measuring device.
2 is a flowchart sequentially showing a method for measuring a wheel shape of a railway vehicle according to the present invention;
3 is a view conceptually showing a state of measuring the shape of the wheel using the laser line sensor of the method for measuring the shape of the wheel of the railway vehicle according to the present invention.
4 is a view conceptually showing the geometric shape used in the wheel shape calculation step of the wheel shape measurement method of a railway vehicle according to the present invention.
5 is a view showing a profile shape including the radius of the wheel extracted in the wheel shape calculation step shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a shape obtained by subtracting the radius of the wheel from the profile shape of the wheel shown in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram conceptually showing how to obtain dimensions required for wheel management from the profile shape of the wheel shown in FIG. 5; FIG.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail preferred embodiments of the method for measuring the shape of the wheel of the railway vehicle according to the present invention.

2 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a method for measuring a wheel shape of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 conceptually illustrates a shape of a wheel using a laser line sensor among the method for measuring the shape of a wheel of a railway vehicle according to the present invention. 4 is a view conceptually showing the geometric shape used in the wheel shape calculation step of the railway vehicle wheel shape measurement method according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a view of the wheel extracted in the wheel shape calculation step shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a view showing a profile shape including a radius, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a shape obtained by subtracting the radius of a wheel from the profile shape of the wheel shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a request for wheel management from the profile shape of the wheel shown in FIG. 5. This figure conceptually shows how to obtain the dimensions.

The present invention by simultaneously irradiating three laser lines on the surface of the wheel to measure the coordinates at the same time, by extracting the shape of the wheel through the correlation of the measured coordinates to extract the profile and diameter of the wheel at the same time It relates to a railway vehicle wheel shape measurement method, the configuration is composed of a laser line sensor installation step (S10), coordinate measurement step (S20) and wheel shape calculation step (S30) as shown in FIG.

In more detail, the laser line sensor installation step (S10) relates to the step of installing a plurality of laser line sensor 50 in the lower direction of the wheel 10, the laser line sensor 50 is a light emitting unit And a sensor configured as one light receiver means a sensor configured to measure a shape of the line by irradiating a laser line to a subject, that is, the wheel 10.

In this case, in the laser line sensor installation step (S10), a total of three laser line sensors 50 are installed in parallel so as to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, which acquires a total of three coordinates at the same point in the width direction of the wheel 10. To do that.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the laser line sensor 50 is installed below the traveling direction of the wheel 10 to irradiate a total of three laser lines on the wheel 10, and the width direction of the wheel 10 is determined. When the driving direction of the wheel 10 is called the Y direction and the height direction of the wheel 10 is called the Z direction, the laser line sensor 50 irradiates a total of three laser lines in the X direction. In this case, the three laser lines are parallel to each other.

In the laser line sensor installation step S10, instead of installing three laser line sensors 50, a multi-line generating optics device (not shown) capable of irradiating a plurality of laser lines with one light source may be used. However, since the multi-line generating optics device is a component commercially available in various optical fields, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Next, the coordinate measuring step (S20) relates to the step of simultaneously measuring the coordinates of the laser line generated by irradiating a plurality of laser lines, that is, a total of three laser lines on the surface of the wheel 10, which will be described later In the wheel shape calculation step (S30) it is to be able to calculate the shape of the circle passing through three points at the same time.

That is, since only one circle passing through three different points that are not positioned on the same straight line on the same plane exists, the coordinates of three laser lines generated by the laser line sensor 50 and contacting the wheel 10 are generated. After measuring at the same time, it is to be able to calculate the shape of the circle constituting the wheel 10 by using the coordinates of three points existing on the same X coordinate.

Next, the wheel shape calculation step (S30) is a coordinate of the laser line measured in the coordinate measurement step (S20), the geometric shape of the wheel 10, that is, the longitudinal cross-section (cross section perpendicular to the X-axis of Figure 3) The circular shape is used to extract the profile shape of the wheel 10 and the radius of the wheel 10 at the same time. The geometric relationship shown in FIG. 4 is used.

는 각각 Y-Z 평면에서 A, B, C에 의해 결정된 원의 y좌표, z좌표이고, R은 Y-Z 평면에서 A, B, C에 의해 결정된 원의 반경이며, h는 레이저라인센서(50) 사이의 거리를 나타내는 것이다.That is, FIG. 4 is a view of the YZ coordinate system viewed from the front of the position X ₁ in the axial direction of the wheel and the laser line shown in FIG. 3, that is, the wheel 10 at the arbitrary point X ₁ in the X direction. A, B, and C are located in the YZ plane where X coordinates are X ₁ on the three laser lines generated by the laser line sensor 50, that is, X coordinates are X ₁ , respectively. Where a, c, and e are the y coordinates of A, B and C in the YZ plane, b, d and f are the z coordinates of A, B and C in the YZ plane, respectively,

Are the y and z coordinates of the circle determined by A, B and C in the YZ plane, respectively, R is the radius of the circle determined by A, B and C in the YZ plane, and h is between the laser line sensors 50 It represents the distance.

At this time, the wheel shape calculation step (S30) comprises a center coordinate calculation step (S32), a radius calculation step (S34) and a profile calculation step (S36), the center coordinate calculation step (S32) is first measured coordinates The method relates to a step of obtaining a center of a circle passing through three points using coordinates of any three points at the same point in the width direction of the wheel 10 among three laser line coordinates measured in step S20. Use the equation of.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, any three points on the YZ plane at the same point in the width direction of the wheel 10, ie, X ₁ , among the three laser line coordinates measured in the coordinate measuring step S20. And the coordinates are A (a, b), B (c, d) and C (e, f), and the center of the circle passing through the three points and the coordinates are O (O _y , O _z ), The original equation gives three equations:

... (1),

... (One),

... (2),

... (2),

... (3)

... (3)

By solving the system of equations using equations (1) to (3), the central z and y coordinates of the circle passing through three points can be obtained using Equations (4) and (5), respectively.

... (4),

...(5)

... (4),

... (5)

는 각각 Y-Z 평면에서 레이저라인 상의 임의의 세 점 A, B, C에 의해 결정된 원 중심의 y좌표, z좌표이고, H=2(c-e), I=2(f-d), J=c²+d²-e²-f², K=2(c-a), L=2(b-d), M=-a²-b²+c²+d² 이다.here,

Are the y and z coordinates of the circle center determined by any three points A, B and C on the laser line in the YZ plane, respectively, where H = 2 (ce), I = 2 (fd) and J = c ² + d ² -e ² -f ² , K = 2 (ca), L = 2 (bd), M = -a ² -b ² + c ² + d ² .

Next, the radius calculation step (S34) relates to the step of obtaining the radius (R) of the circle by using the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the center coordinate calculation step (S32), the equation (4), (5) The radius R of the circle can be obtained by substituting the center coordinates of the circle obtained by the equation again into any one of the formulas (1) to (3).

At this time, the radius R of the same circle can be obtained even if the center coordinates of the circle are substituted into any one of the formulas (1) to (3).

Next, the profile calculation step S36 is performed by repeating the above-described center coordinate calculation step S32 and the radius calculation step S34 at regular intervals in the width direction of the wheel 10, that is, in the X direction at regular intervals. Calculating a profile).

That is, by calculating and connecting the center and the radius of the circle passing through the same x coordinate of the three laser lines at regular intervals from the width direction starting point to the end point of the wheel 10, it is possible to calculate the profile of the overall wheel 10 Will be.

At this time, since the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the profile calculation step S36 are all the same as the center of the wheel 10, the center coordinate calculation step S32 is omitted, and the radius calculation step S34 using one center coordinate is omitted. Of course, it is also possible to calculate the profile of the wheel 10 by only repeating.

5 and 6 are views illustrating a profile shape including a radius of the wheel 10 extracted in the wheel shape calculation step S30 described above, and a shape obtained by subtracting the radius of the wheel from the profile shape of the wheel 10. As a result, it can be confirmed that the same radius and profile shape as the actual wheel 10 are calculated.

On the other hand, the railway vehicle wheel shape measuring method according to the present invention may be configured to further include a dimensional measurement step (S40), the dimensional measurement step (S40) of the wheel 10 obtained in the wheel shape calculation step (S30) A profile shape and radius are used to measure dimensions required for wheel management.

More specifically, as shown in Fig. 7, the wheel 10, such as the thickness, flange angle, flange height and flange curve (qR) of the flange from the profile shape of the wheel 10 obtained in the wheel shape calculation step (S30) The measurement of the shape of the railway vehicle wheel 10 is completed by measuring the dimensions required for the management.

As described above, according to the railroad vehicle wheel shape measurement method according to the present invention, the wheel by measuring only at one location using the coordinates measured at the same time through the three laser line sensors 50 installed in parallel spaced at a predetermined interval By simultaneously extracting the profile and the diameter of (10), it is possible to greatly simplify the equipment and procedures required for measuring the shape of the wheel (10) and at the same time reduce the installation and maintenance costs. In addition, the measurement accuracy can be improved by eliminating errors that may occur in the conventional camera triggering timing. Accordingly, the equivalent surface gradient can be more reliably obtained through the geometric contact characteristic analysis between the wheel 10 and the rail. It is possible to have various advantages such as being able to.

Therefore, it can be usefully used to manage the equivalent surface gradient for the wheel 10 of the high-speed railway vehicle, wherein the equivalent surface gradient analysis code uses EN 15302 Railway applications-Method for determining the equivalent conicity.

The above embodiments have been described with respect to the most preferred examples of the present invention, but is not limited only to the above embodiments, the equipment and measurement method to which the present invention is applied heavy maintenance and light maintenance base related to the inspection of railway vehicles such as electric cars, general railroads, high-speed rail It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, such as being widely available.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the shape of a wheel of a railway vehicle, and more particularly, simultaneously irradiates three laser lines on a surface of a wheel and simultaneously measures the coordinates thereof, and extracts the shape of the wheel through the correlation of the measured coordinates. The present invention relates to a method for measuring a wheel shape of a railway vehicle, which enables to simultaneously extract a profile and a diameter of a wheel.

10: wheel 50: laser line sensor
S10: laser line sensor installation step S20: coordinate measurement step
S30: Wheel shape calculation step S32: Center coordinate calculation step
S34: radius calculation step S36: wheel shape calculation step
S40: Dimension measuring step

Claims (6)

In the railway vehicle wheel shape measurement method,
A laser line sensor installation step of installing three laser line sensors that irradiate the laser lines in the width direction of the wheel below the traveling direction of the wheel so as to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval in parallel to each other;
A coordinate measuring step of simultaneously measuring the coordinates of the laser lines irradiated by the three laser line sensors and generated on the surface of the wheel;
Comprising the wheel shape calculation step of extracting the profile and the radius of the wheel at the same time by using the coordinates of the laser line and the geometry of the wheel measured in the coordinate measuring step,
The wheel shape calculation step,
A center coordinate calculation step of obtaining a center of a circle passing through three points using coordinates of any three points at the same point in the width direction of the wheel among coordinates of the laser line measured in the coordinate measuring step;
A radius calculation step of obtaining a radius of the circle using the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the center coordinate calculation step;
And calculating a profile of the overall wheel by repeating the center coordinate calculating step and the radius calculating step at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the wheel.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
In the center coordinate calculation step,

... (One),

... (2),

... by (3),
Circle's center coordinate

,

Railroad vehicle wheel shape measurement method, characterized in that for calculating.
(Where a, c, e are the y-coordinates of any three points on the laser line in the YZ plane, respectively, b, d, f are the z-coordinates of any three points on the laser line in the YZ plane, respectively,

Are the y and z coordinates of the circle center determined by any three points on the laserline in the YZ plane, respectively, R is the radius of the circle, H = 2 (ce), I = 2 (fd), J = c ² + d ² -e ² -f ² , K = 2 (ca), L = 2 (bd), M = -a ² -b ² + c ² + d ² )
The method of claim 4, wherein
In the radius calculation step, the wheel shape of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the radius (R) of the circle is calculated by substituting the center coordinates of the circle calculated in the center coordinate calculation step into any one of the above (1) to (3). How to measure.
The method of claim 1,
And a dimension measuring step of measuring dimensions required for wheel management by using the profile and the radius of the wheel extracted in the wheel shape calculation step.

Images