KR101586804B1 - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101586804B1 KR101586804B1 KR1020130165505A KR20130165505A KR101586804B1 KR 101586804 B1 KR101586804 B1 KR 101586804B1 KR 1020130165505 A KR1020130165505 A KR 1020130165505A KR 20130165505 A KR20130165505 A KR 20130165505A KR 101586804 B1 KR101586804 B1 KR 101586804B1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 37
- -1 LiCoO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910012187 LiNi0.42Co0.16Mn0.42O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910011460 LiNi0.80Co0.10Mn0.10O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910016436 Ni0.42Co0.16Mn0.42(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.C=C.OC(O)=O MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1I RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C(I)=C1 KSXFNGRHPAHIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1I BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1 UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=C(Cl)C1Cl WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLXVPOUBXXSTNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC=C(F)C1F HLXVPOUBXXSTNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC(Cl)=CC=C1 CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC(F)=CC=C1 PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)CC(I)=CC=C1 OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1I RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 UDHAWRUAECEBHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=CC1Cl YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC(F)=CC1F ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC=C(F)C=C1 UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dichloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1(Cl)COC(=O)O1 HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKDNQLPSWHNCFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dibromo-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound BrC1OC(=O)OC1Br RKDNQLPSWHNCFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GPSZQZDENOVTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1COC(=O)O1 GPSZQZDENOVTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=CC1Cl PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC1CC(=NO1)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020742 Li0.42Co0.16Mn0.42O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N R-mevalonolactone, (-)- Chemical compound C[C@@]1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005993 acrylate styrene-butadiene rubber polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
[화학식 1]
A(OH)2-a
[화학식 2]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2 -b
Description
도 2는 실시예 4, 및 비교예 2 내지 4에 따른 양극 활물질을 이용하여 제조한 코인셀의 충전곡선 그래프이다.
LiNi0 .8Co0 .1Mn0 .1O2 /LiNi0 .42Co0 .16Mn0 .42O2 |
C 함량(ppm) |
4.5V Fomation 충전용량(mAh/g) | 4.5V Fomation 방전용량(mAh/g) |
4.5V Fomation 효율(%) |
상온 4.3V30사이클수명(%) |
45℃, 4.5V30사이클수명(%) |
잔류리튬 (%) |
DSC 발열온도 (4.3V) |
|
실시예 1 | 90/10 | 310 | 243.4 | 214.2 | 88.0 | 88.5 | 82.4 | 0.33 | 243.6 |
실시예 2 | 80/20 | 255 | 240.1 | 212.7 | 88.6 | 89.3 | 83.2 | 0.25 | 249.5 |
실시예 3 | 70/30 | 198 | 233.2 | 204.9 | 87.9 | 91.2 | 85.3 | 0.21 | 253.6 |
실시예 4 | 80/20 | 236 | 248.3 | 213.2 | 85.9 | 89.2 | 83.1 | 0.26 | 248.9 |
실시예 5 | 80/20 | 243 | 239.4 | 212.6 | 88.8 | 90.1 | 84.1 | 0.24 | 251.1 |
비교예 1 | 60/40 | 170 | 231.2 | 200.1 | 86.5 | 92.2 | 86.1 | 0.20 | 258.1 |
비교예 2 | 100/0 | 525 | 245.2 | 218.1 | 88.9 | 84.0 | 75.0 | 0.42 | 225.3 |
비교예 3 | 0/100 | 98 | 213.4 | 185.0 | 86.7 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 0.18 | 306.2 |
비교예 4 | 80/20 | 440 | 239.1 | 212.7 | 89.0 | 86.3 | 78.6 | 0.37 | 239.1 |
비교예 5 | 80/20 | 410 | 237.6 | 202.7 | 85.3 | 82.1 | 71.2 | 0.39 | 237.4 |
LiNi0 .73Co0 .1Mn0 .17O2 /LiNi0 .38Co0 .02Mn0 .42O2 |
C 함량(ppm) |
Fomation 충전용량(mAh/g) | Fomation 방전용량(mAh/g) | Fomation효율(%) |
상온 4.3V30사이클수명(%) |
45℃, 4.5V30사이클수명(%) |
DSC 발열온도 |
|
실시예 6 | 80/20 | 229 | 233.8 | 207.4 | 88.7 | 88.2 | 84.2 | 243.1 |
비교예 6 | 80/20 | 392 | 233.2 | 208.2 | 89.3 | 85.1 | 80.1 | 236.4 |
샘플 | EDS Ni(몰%) | |
평균값 | 표준편차 | |
Ni0 .80Co0 .10Mn0 .10 전구체 | 80.81 | ±0.67 |
비교예 2 | 80.68 | ±0.72 |
실시예 2(평균) | 77.64 | ±0.76 |
실시예2-1 | 77.22 | |
실시예2-2 | 77.36 | |
실시예2-3 | 77.18 | |
실시예2-4 | 76.92 | |
실시예2-5 | 76.65 | |
실시예2-6 | 77.61 | |
실시예2-7 | 78.16 | |
실시예2-8 | 77.65 | |
실시예2-9 | 78.54 | |
실시예2-10 | 79.12 | |
비교예 5(평균) | 75.06 | ±1.11 |
비교예 5-1 | 75.22 | |
비교예 5-2 | 74.33 | |
비교예 5-3 | 74.22 | |
비교예 5-4 | 76.33 | |
비교예 5-5 | 76.28 | |
비교예 5-6 | 74.26 | |
비교예 5-7 | 73.55 | |
비교예 5-8 | 73.99 | |
비교예 5-9 | 76.21 | |
비교예 5-10 | 76.25 |
Claims (17)
- 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체; 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물; 및 리튬 공급 물질을 준비하여 혼합물을 제조하는 단계; 및
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계;를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법:
[화학식 1]
A(OH)2-a
상기 화학식 1에서 A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, -0.3 ≤ a ≤ 0.3, 0.68 ≤ α ≤ 0.81, 0.09≤ β ≤0.17 및 0.10≤ γ ≤0.18 이고,
[화학식 2]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2 -b
상기 화학식 2에서 A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.35 ≤ α ≤ 0.52, 0.12≤ β ≤0.29 및 0.36≤ γ ≤0.53 이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물;에 대한 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체의 중량비는 95/5 내지 70/30 인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 공급 물질은, 리튬을 포함하는 나이트레이트(nitrate), 카보네이트(carbonate), 아세테이트 (acetate), 옥살레이트(oxalate), 옥사이드(oxide), 하이드록사이드(hydoxide), 설페이트(sulfate) 또는 이들의 조합인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체는 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법:
[화학식 3]
A(OH)2-a
상기 화학식 3에서, A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, -0.3 ≤ a ≤ 0.3, 0.73 ≤ α ≤ 0.81, 0.09≤ β ≤0.14 및 0.10≤ γ ≤0.130 이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물은 하기 화학식 4로 표시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법:
[화학식 4]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2 -b
상기 화학식 4에서, A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.39 ≤ α ≤ 0.52, 0.12≤ β ≤0.25 및 0.36≤ γ ≤0.49 이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계의 소성 온도는 700 내지 1000℃인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계;를 수행한 뒤 C함량은 350ppm 이하인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계;를 수행한 뒤 수용성 잔류 리튬의 양은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체를 단독으로 소성하였을 때의 수용성 잔류리튬 대비 20 내지 50% 감소하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계;를 수행하여 얻어지는 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질 중,
상기 화학식 1로부터 유래되는 양극 활물질 표면 Ni 함량이, 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체를 단독으로 소성하여 얻어진 양극 활물질 표면 Ni 함량보다 감소하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제9항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 1로부터 유래되는 양극 활물질 표면 Ni 함량이, 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 전구체를 단독으로 소성하여 얻어진 양극 활물질 표면 Ni 함량보다 5% 미만으로 감소하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제9항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 중 화학식 1로부터 유래되는 양극 활물질 입자를 임의로 10개 선정하여 표면분석 하였을 때 Ni 함량 표준 편차가 1.00 미만인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제조된 혼합물을 소성하는 단계;를 수행하여 얻어지는 리튬 이차전지용 양극활물질은,
충방전 곡선에서 4.2V 이상의 영역에서 충전 곡선 상에서 접선의 기울기가 줄어드는 형태를 갖는 충전 커브를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 하기 화학식 5로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물; 및 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물;을 포함하고, 잔류 리튬은 0.33% 이하인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질:
[화학식 5]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2-b
상기 화학식 5에서 A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.68 ≤ α ≤ 0.81, 0.09≤ β ≤0.14 및 0.10≤ γ ≤0.18 이다.
[화학식 2]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2-b
상기 화학식 2에서 A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.35 ≤ α ≤ 0.52, 0.12≤ β ≤0.29 및 0.36≤ γ ≤0.53 이다.
- 제13항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물;에 대한 상기 화학식 5로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물의 중량비는 95/5 내지 70/30인 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제13항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 5로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물은 하기 화학식 6으로 표시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질:
[화학식 6]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2 -b
상기 화학식 6에서, A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.73 ≤ α ≤ 0.81, 0.09≤ β ≤0.14 및 0.10≤ γ ≤0.13 이다.
- 제13항에 있어서,
상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 리튬 이온을 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션할 수 있는 리튬 복합 산화물은 하기 화학식 4로 표시되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질:
[화학식 4]
Li[LizA(1-z-a)Da]EbO2 -b
상기 화학식 4에서, A = NiαCoβMnγ이고, D는 Mg, Al, B 및 Ti로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, E는 P, F 및 S로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 원소이고, -0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.05 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.05 이고, 0.39 ≤ α ≤ 0.52, 0.12≤ β ≤0.25 및 0.36≤ γ ≤0.49 이다.
- 양극, 음극 및 전해질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지이며,
상기 양극은 전류 집전체 및 상기 전류 집전체 상에 형성된 양극 활물질층을 포함하며,
상기 양극 활물질층은, 제13항에 따른 양극 활물질을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지.
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