KR100315232B1 - 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100315232B1 KR100315232B1 KR1019990042681A KR19990042681A KR100315232B1 KR 100315232 B1 KR100315232 B1 KR 100315232B1 KR 1019990042681 A KR1019990042681 A KR 1019990042681A KR 19990042681 A KR19990042681 A KR 19990042681A KR 100315232 B1 KR100315232 B1 KR 100315232B1
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- Prior art keywords
- active material
- amorphous
- negative electrode
- amorphous carbon
- electrode active
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 11
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002180 crystalline carbon material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002391 graphite-based active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011305 binder pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007841 coal based oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ROAYSRAUMPWBQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound CCO.OS(O)(=O)=O ROAYSRAUMPWBQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
- C04B35/62828—Non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/62839—Carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
가역용량[mAh/g] | 비가역 용량[mAh/g] | 방전 효율[%] | 고율 용량(1C)[mAh/g] | 수명[%] | |
실시예 1 | 359 | 31 | 92 | 355 | 80 |
실시예 2 | 352 | 35 | 91 | 350 | 78 |
실시예 3 | 352 | 36 | 91 | 349 | 78 |
비교예 1 | 261 | 84 | 76 | 241 | 72 |
비교예 2 | 327 | 75 | 81 | 249 | 63 |
비교예 3 | 335 | 70 | 83 | 265 | 58 |
비교예 4 | 345 | 42 | 89 | 343 | 78 |
실시예 1 | C 1s | B 1s |
초기 | 85.97 | 1.06 |
스퍼터링 실시 2분 후 | 83.79 | 0.69 |
스퍼터링 실시 10분 후 | 84.51 | 0.34 |
Claims (15)
- 하나 이상의 결정질 또는 비정질 탄소계 물질 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는 코어; 및상기 코어 위에 도포되어 있으며, 전이 금속, 알칼리 금속 및 알칼리 토금속으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 이종 원소를 포함하는 비정질 탄소계 물질을 포함하는 탄소 쉘을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 시차열 분석 발열 피크가 700℃ 이상에서 1개 이상의 쇼율더를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 전이 금속은 Ni, Co, Fe, Mo 및 Cr으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것이고, 상기 알칼리 금속은 B, Al, Ga, Si, Sn, Na 및 K으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것이며, 상기 알칼리 토금속은 Mg 및 Ca으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 이종 원소의 양은 코어 중량의 0.1 내지 25 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코어는 X-선 회절 분석시 (002) 플레인 층간거리(d002)가 3.35-3.7Å인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 하나 이상의 결정질 또는 비정질 탄소계 물질 또는 이들의 혼합물의 일차 입자 하나 이상이 조립된 이차 입자를 포함하는 코어; 및상기 코어 위에 도포되어 있으며, 전이 금속, 알칼리 금속 및 알칼리 토금속으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 이종 원소를 포함하는 비정질 탄소계 물질을 포함하는 탄소 쉘을 포함하는 이차 입자를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질은 시차열 분석 발열 피크가 700℃ 이상에서 1개 이상의 쇼율더를 갖는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 전이 금속은 Ni, Co, Fe, Mo 및 Cr으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것이고, 상기 알칼리 금속은 B, Al, Ga, Si, Sn, Na 및 K로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것이며, 상기 알칼리 토금속은 Mg 및 Ca으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 이종 원소의 양은 코어 중량의 0.1 내지 25%인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 코어는 X-선 회절 분석시 (002) 플레인 층간거리(d002)가 3.35-3.7Å인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 비정질 탄소 전구체와 전이 금속, 알칼리 금속 및 알칼리 토금속으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 이종 원소를 포함하는 화합물을 혼합하는 단계;상기 혼합물을 유기 용매에 용해, 용융, 연화 또는 분산시켜서 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액을 제조하는 단계;상기 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액으로 하나 이상의 결정질, 비정질 탄소 또는 이들의 혼합물의 입자를 코팅하는 단계를 포함하는를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 코팅 단계와 동시에 입자 조립 단계를 더욱 실시하는 것인 제조 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 코팅 및 조립 단계는 상기 코어를 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액으로 혼합 조립시키거나, 상기 코어를 비정질 탄소 전구체 용액을 분무 건조시키거나, 분무 열분해시키거나 또는 냉동 건조시켜 실시하는 것인 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 탄화 단계는 800∼1500℃에서 실시하는 것인 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 탄화 단계 전에 중합 혹은 안정화 단계를 더욱 실시하는 제조 방법.
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US09/512,394 US7074521B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 2000-02-24 | Negative active material for rechargeable lithium battery and method of preparing same |
JP2000047339A JP3955710B2 (ja) | 1999-02-24 | 2000-02-24 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びその製造方法 |
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KR20000056985A (ko) | 2000-09-15 |
JP2000251895A (ja) | 2000-09-14 |
US7074521B2 (en) | 2006-07-11 |
JP3955710B2 (ja) | 2007-08-08 |
US20040214087A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
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