JPWO2017073692A1 - メチル化関連酵素hat1とkat8の阻害薬 - Google Patents
メチル化関連酵素hat1とkat8の阻害薬 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2017073692A1 JPWO2017073692A1 JP2017547866A JP2017547866A JPWO2017073692A1 JP WO2017073692 A1 JPWO2017073692 A1 JP WO2017073692A1 JP 2017547866 A JP2017547866 A JP 2017547866A JP 2017547866 A JP2017547866 A JP 2017547866A JP WO2017073692 A1 JPWO2017073692 A1 JP WO2017073692A1
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Abstract
Description
1.1 HAT1及びKAT8に対するshRNAによる阻害
HAT1 shRNA発現レンチウイルス粒子(psi-LVRU6GP for HAT1 mixture, Genecopoeia社)、及びKAT8 shRNA発現レンチウイルス粒子(psi-LVRU6GP for KAT8 mixture, Genecopoeia社)の両方(以下、shHAT1/shKAT8と称することもある。)を、HLF細胞(肝癌細胞)に対して各1細胞1コピーで感染導入した後、RT-PCRで標的遺伝子の発現量を調べた。その結果、HAT1遺伝子及びKAT8遺伝子の有意な抑制効果を確認した。shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞をRPMI1640培地で7日培養したときの細胞形態を図1に示す。HLF細胞へのshRNAの導入細胞は形態変化を呈し、球状化した(左下)。さらに7日培養すると、放射状にネットワークする独特なHLF細胞の形態と全く異なる形態を呈した(右下)。これは、HLF細胞が幹性化した後に、分化したことを示している。
shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞をRPMI1640培地で7日培養した後、形状をセルソーターを用いて調べた。その結果を図2下段に示す。図2上段は、スクランブル(コントロールの核酸)をHLF細胞に導入した場合である。この解析法は、細胞の正面と側面からの測定結果を示しており、球状であれば(d)の下段赤の弧(矢印)の方向に細胞集団が多く示される。また、(e)において右側のピークは、球状の脂肪が存在することを意味している。この実験により、shHAT1/shKAT8を導入したHLF細胞のほとんどが球状を呈していることが確認された。
shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞をRPMI1640培地で7日培養した後、間葉系幹細胞培地で7日間培養し、細胞免疫染色で蛋白質発現を調べた。その結果を図3に示す。多能性細胞マーカーNanog及び間葉系幹細胞マーカーCD105が発現していた。このことは、shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞はHLF細胞とは異なる細胞になり、かつ幹細胞系へ形質転換したことを示している。GFP発現はベクターが導入された細胞であることを示す。
shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞をRPMI1640培地で7日培養した後、間葉系幹細胞培地で7日間培養し、肝分化マーカーCD13で細胞免疫染色をした。その結果を図4に示す。図4上段に示すように、肝分化マーカーCD13の発現が見られた。このことは、間葉系幹細胞への形質転換が生じ、肝分化系に分化途上過程であることを示している(上段右)。さらに、分化可能培養液(RPMI1640)で7日培養すると、幹細胞マーカーは有意な発現を示さず、細胞内に脂肪を多量に産生する細胞(下段:中と右)への分化をOil Red O染色(中段:左)と蛍光観察(下段:左)で確認できた。DAPI染色(中段:右)は、球状の細胞が小細胞の集団であることを示しており、これらの結果は、肝癌細胞が幹細胞への形質転換を示したことを示している。
shHAT1/shKAT8導入HLF細胞を5x107個/匹で8匹のKSN/Slcマウスの右背部に200μlで皮下注射し、2か月間腫瘍径を観察記録した。移植1週間後-3週間後は10mm大であったが、すべての移植腫瘍が徐々に縮小化し、2か月後には消失した。
2.1 HAT1及びKAT8に対する低分子化合物による阻害
FDA library screening (委托解析、PLEXERA社、Woodinville, WA, USA))によって、HAT1及びKAT8の両方の機能を阻害する低分子化合物を12種類同定した。化合物名はクロルプロパミド(Chlorpropamide)、バンコマイシン塩酸塩(Vancomycin hydrochloride)、ベタキソロール塩酸塩(Betaxolol hydrochloride)、硫酸コリスチン(Colistin sulfate)、フマル酸ビソプロロール(Bisoprolol fumarate)、臭化ピナベリウム(Pinaverium bromide)、オクスプレノロール塩酸塩(Oxprenolol hydrochloride)、塩化メチルベンゼトニウム(Methyl benzethonium chloride)、臭化デメカリウム(Demecarium bromide)、セリプロロール塩酸塩(Celiprolol HCl)、アミカシン水和物(Amikacin hydrate)、及びアルプレノロール塩酸塩(Alprenolol hydrochloride)(以下、クロルプロパミド等と称することもある)である。これらを有効成分とする医薬品(但し、悪性腫瘍以外の適応症に対する医薬品)は、既に市販されている。そのため、これらの化合物は安全性が高い。。
HLF細胞をRPMI1640培地で7日培養プレートで培養した後、低分子化合物(オクスプレノロール塩酸塩、クロルプロパミド、バンコマイシン塩酸塩、ベタキソロール塩酸塩、硫酸コリスチン、フマル酸ビソプロロール、臭化ピナベリウム)を培養プレートに添加した。添加後の化合物濃度は、オクスプレノロール塩酸塩が30μg/μL、クロルプロパミドが30μg/mL、バンコマイシン塩酸塩が30 μg/mL、ベタキソロール塩酸塩が41.8 ng/mL、硫酸コリスチンが4.4μg/mL、フマル酸ビソプロロールが75ng/mL、臭化ピナベリウムが1.0μg/mLである。いすれの濃度も、各化合物を有効成分とする市販の医薬品の最高有効血中濃度以下である(各化合物を有効成分とする市販の医薬品の最高有効血中濃度は、順に、30.18μg/μl、30μg/ml、30μg/ml、41.8ng/ml、4.4μg/ml、100ng/ml、1μg/mlである)。
3.1 DNA損傷からのサルベージ効果
10cm培養シャーレでNHDF細胞(ヒト皮膚線維芽細胞)を培養し、DNA傷害性の強いUV (302nm)照射を17分間(0.5 J/cm2)行った。NHDF細胞は、照射4分で十分に細胞死に至っていた。
Claims (19)
- HAT1及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、悪性腫瘍の治療薬。
- 阻害剤は、RNAi分子又は低分子化合物である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- 前記HAT1は、HAT1遺伝子又は蛋白質であり、前記KAT8は、KAT8遺伝子又は蛋白質である、請求項1又は2に記載の治療薬。
- 前記阻害剤は、HAT1遺伝子及びKAT8遺伝子の発現又は機能を阻害する阻害剤である、請求項1〜3いずれかに記載の治療薬。
- 前記阻害剤は、幹性化を誘導する、請求項1〜4いずれかに記載の治療薬。
- 前記阻害剤は、HAT1阻害剤及びKAT8阻害剤を含有する、請求項1〜5いずれかに記載の治療薬。
治療薬。 - HAT1阻害剤及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、悪性腫瘍の治療用キット。
- HAT1阻害剤を含有する、KAT8阻害剤とHAT1阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、悪性腫瘍の治療薬。
- KAT8阻害剤を含有する、HAT1阻害剤とKAT8阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、悪性腫瘍の治療薬。
- HAT1及びKAT8を阻害する工程を含む、幹細胞の生産方法。
- 前記阻害は、HAT1及びKAT8の遺伝子発現又は機能の阻害である、請求項10に記載の生産方法。
- HAT1及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、幹性化誘導剤。
- HAT1阻害剤及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、幹性化誘導用キット。
- HAT1阻害剤を含有する、KAT8阻害剤とHAT1阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、幹性化誘導剤。
- KAT8阻害剤を含有する、HAT1阻害剤とKAT8阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、幹性化誘導剤。
- HAT1及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、DNA損傷改善剤。
- HAT1阻害剤及びKAT8阻害剤を含む、DNA損傷改善用キット。
- HAT1阻害剤を含有する、KAT8阻害剤とHAT1阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、DNA損傷改善剤。
- KAT8阻害剤を含有する、HAT1阻害剤とKAT8阻害剤とが併用で用いられる、DNA損傷改善剤。
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