JPH1057401A - Tooth extraction device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the dislocation of the teeth after cutting of the peridontal membrane fibers by utilizing ultrasonic vibration. SOLUTION: This tooth extraction device consists of a handpiece part (grip case part) 23 housing an ultrasonic vibrator transducer and a forceps type tooth extractor 1 freely attachably and detachably mounted at this handpiece part. Forceps 1 have a vibration part 24a which is freely attachably and detachably inserted into the handpiece part, an amplitude magnifying horn part 24b and a vibration direction converter 24e which is integrally mounted at the front end of this horn part and converts the ultrasonic vibration from the horn part to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the horn part. A vibration side tip piece 24c1 is integrally mounted at this vibration direction converter 24e. A moving side tip piece 24c2 which faces this vibration side tip piece 24c1 and is used to clamp the tooth cooperatively with the vibration side tip piece is mounted at a lever 24f mounted freely turnably around a pin 24g at a head member 24 housing the horn part 24b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tooth extraction device, and more particularly, to a tooth extraction device capable of extracting teeth more effectively by using ultrasonic vibration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tooth extraction is to artificially dislocate and remove teeth from an alveolus to the outside of a living body by using an extraction forceps, a puller, and sometimes a bone chisel, a bar or the like. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing teeth and periodontal tissue, in which 10 is a tooth, and tooth 10 is cementum 1,
Periodontal ligament fiber 1 between cementum 1 and alveolar bone 11 as shown in FIG.
It is supported by two. Periodontal ligament fibers 12 are dense fibrous connective tissues, and one end of the fibers is cementum 1
In addition, the other end adheres to the alveolar bone 11 or the cementum of the adjacent tooth, and firmly connects the tooth and the alveolar bone. By tearing the periodontal ligament fibers 12, the teeth 10 are dislocated. In addition,
Reference numeral 13 denotes a gum.

[0003] In tooth extraction, conventionally, a tooth is swayed by gripping a tooth with a tooth extraction forceps, or inserting a trocar into a periodontal cavity to rupture the periodontal ligament by enlarging the periodontal cavity. doing. In general, forceps are used to remove a tooth whose crown is slightly disintegrated. The limb may have severely disintegrated crown, dislocated inward or outward,
It is often used when it is not possible to use forceps, but may be used to dislocate teeth instead of forceps. The trocar inserts the beak into the periodontal cavity and dislocates the tooth mainly by the action of a wedge.

[0004]

In the above-described tooth extraction using forceps or a puller, an excessive force may be applied during the extraction operation, which may cause the apical fracture. Thereby, the operation time is extended. In particular, when the remnant root is not dislocated, it takes time to remove the bone, and in some cases, it is necessary to switch to a hard-to-extract tooth that requires bone removal and division of the root, which increases the burden on the patient. In a thin part of the alveolar bone, if the forcible shaking is performed, the alveolar bone wall is easily broken. At the time of tooth extraction with a roller, there is a problem that a neighboring tooth may be used as a fulcrum, and at that time, the tooth may be dislocated to the fulcrum.

In many cases, these problems can be prevented by using techniques based on experience and paying close attention. However, the shape of the tooth root varies depending on the site and individual.In particular, the frequency of tooth extraction is low for a general practitioner, only a few times a month, making it difficult to learn the technique and treating patients sufficiently. The problem is that it cannot.

[0006] In conventional tooth extraction using a tooth extraction forceps and a roller,
Unless some force is applied, the periodontal ligament fibers cannot be torn, so an extra force is inadvertently applied, and it is thought that the problem described above occurs.However, if the periodontal ligament fibers are sufficiently cut, It should be easy to remove.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a tooth extraction device having a function of effectively extracting teeth after cutting a periodontal ligament fiber using ultrasonic vibration. It was done for the purpose of doing.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a handpiece for accommodating an ultrasonic vibrator, and a forceps detachably mounted on the handpiece, wherein the forceps comprise the ultrasonic vibrator. And an amplitude-enlarging horn portion for expanding the vibration of the horn portion, which is integrally attached to the tip of the horn portion, for converting ultrasonic vibration from the horn portion into a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the horn portion. A vibrating direction converter, a vibrating tip piece integrally attached to the vibrating direction converter, and a tooth disposed in opposition to the vibrating tip piece and cooperating with the vibrating tip piece to form a tooth. A moving tip piece for gripping,
A head member accommodating the amplitude expanding horn portion and connected to the tip of the hand piece portion, and a lever piece rotatably attached to the head member and having the moving tip piece at the tip portion. It is characterized by.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a tooth extraction device to which the present invention is applied. In the drawing, reference numeral 20 denotes a controller main body, 21 denotes a foot switch, 22 denotes a physiological saline bottle, 23 Is the tooth extraction handpiece part (handshake case),
I is a forceps type tooth extraction device according to the present invention (24 indicates its head member), II is a puller type tooth extraction device (25 indicates its head member), 26 is an operation cord, 27 is a water injection hose, and 28 is a water injection hose In the holder, the handpiece portion 23 is configured such that the forceps-type tooth extraction device I and the roller-type tooth extraction device II are interchangeably connected and used.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the relationship between the handpiece 23 and the forceps-type tooth extraction device I and the puller-type tooth extraction device II. As shown in FIG. 23 has a joint 26 at one end.
The operation cord 26 and the irrigation hose 27 having a.a are detachably connected to each other, and the other end thereof is, for example, a head member 24 of a forceps-type tooth extraction device having a laminated magnetostrictive vibrator 24a or 25a made of a nickel plate, Extraction device head member 2
5 is connected. In the illustrated example, a coil for vibrating the vibrator is wound around the handpiece 23, and the vibrator 24a or 2
Although the vibrator 5a is inserted, the vibrator may be provided in the handpiece portion 23. In this case, the vibrators 24a and 25a are unnecessary and the handpiece portion 2
The vibrator housed in 3 is commonly used.

The forceps-type tooth extraction device I and the parachute-type tooth extraction device II have vibration amplitude expanding horn portions 24b and 25b for expanding the vibration of the vibrator 24a or 25a, and the distal end portions of these vibration amplitude expanding horn portions. Are the chip pieces 24c (24c ₁ , 2
4c ₂ ) and 25c are detachably attached (for example, by screw connection).

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of tip pieces 24c ₁ and 24c ₂ used by being attached to the forceps-type tooth extraction device I.
FIG. 3 (A) shows an example of a lower jaw forceps tip, and FIG. 3 (B) shows an example of an upper jaw forceps tip. One of the tips 24c ₁ (oscillation side tip) is shown in FIG. as indicated, attached to the vibration direction conversion member 24e attached to the distal end portion of the vibration expanding horn portion 24b by screws 24d _1, the other chip piece 24c ₂ (moving side tip piece) a distal end portion of the lever 24f It is attached by a screw 24d ₂ in.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are a top view (upper side) and a side view (lower side) showing an example of a tip of the type with a straight type. FIG. A piece of a roller tip, FIG.
(C) shows a bent type chip tip, and these chip pieces 2
5c is used in place of the vibration amplitude expanding horn 25b as described above.

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining an example of tooth extraction by the tooth extraction device II, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 5A. In this tooth extraction device, a thin plate-shaped cutting edge (tip piece) having a thickness approximately equal to the thickness of the periodontal ligament fiber 12 is inserted into the periodontal cavity, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to reduce the cutting resistance. By cutting the periodontal ligament fibers 12 with a slight pressing force and obtaining a wedge action by the shape of the cutting edge and vibration, dislocation is facilitated. When performing tooth extraction, first, the periodontal ligament fibers 12 are cut using the roller type tip piece 25c. FIG. 5 (A)
As shown in the figure, the vibration is coupled to the vibrator 25a via the amplitude expanding horn 25b, and vibrates in the direction of arrow Y.
Simply insert this tip piece 25c lightly into the periodontal cavity,
The periodontal ligament fibers 12 are cut with small resistance by a cutting force applied in a pulsed manner by ultrasonic vibration. At this time, by providing a taper in the shape of the cutting edge, a wedge effect is added, and an effect of raising the teeth 10 in small increments is obtained.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining an example of the case of performing tooth extraction using the forceps-type tooth extraction device I. When cutting of the periodontal ligament fibers is completed by the tensioner-type tooth extraction device II, the forceps-type tooth extraction device I is used. Replace. The forceps-type tooth extraction device I is used for pinching and extracting a diseased tooth in the same manner as a conventional tooth extraction forceps, but one of the forceps tip pieces 24c ₁ is, as shown in FIG. attached to the vibration direction conversion member 24e attached to the preceding by a bolt 24d ₁ and oscillates in the X direction of the horizontal vibration direction perpendicular to the vibrator. In this case, attached to the vibration direction conversion member 24e is only one chip piece 24c _1, by bolts 24d ₂ at the distal end of the lever 24f and the other chip piece 24c ₂ which rotates around the pin 24g It is attached, this chip piece 2
4c ₂ does not vibrate. Incidentally, the tip of the lever 24f, as shown in FIG. 2, which is bifurcated 24f _1, 24f _2, and coaxially rotatably attached to the head member 24 in the respective branch portions 24f _1, 24f ₂ I have. When the pinching lightly患歯in these chips piece 24c ₁ and 24c _2, the opposite side of the chip and the chip 24c ₁ that vibrate 24
teeth 10 oscillates between c _2. If the entire forceps is moved as it is, the teeth are easily dislocated due to the combined action with the vibration. Before the tooth is completely out of the alveolar bone, stop the vibration of the tip piece,
Remove the teeth firmly from the mouth.

FIG. 7 is a detailed plan sectional view of a main part of the forceps-type tooth extraction device I. As described above, a vibration direction converter 24e is integrally attached to the tip of the vibration magnifying horn portion 24b. Is converted into vibration in the horizontal X direction perpendicular to the vibration direction Y, and one of the chip pieces 2 is attached to the vibration converter 24e.
4c ₁ is attached by a bolt 24d _1, the other chip piece 24c ₂ is mounted integrally by bolts 24d ₂ at the tip of the lever 24f. In addition, a nozzle 24h for injecting a cleaning liquid (physiological saline) is provided in the vibration conversion body 24e, and injects the cleaning liquid toward a tooth to be extracted.

[0017]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, dislocation and removal of teeth after cutting of periodontal ligament fibers are facilitated, and the operation time can be shortened. A light force is sufficient to remove the teeth by applying vibrations so that the teeth rise. For this reason, unnecessary force is not applied, and breakage of the apex can be prevented. There are advantages such as less bone removal during difficult extraction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire configuration of a tooth extraction device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an extraction tool and a handshake case used in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a tip piece of a forceps-type tooth extraction device.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a chip piece of a tooth extraction device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of use of a tooth extraction device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a usage example of a forceps-type tooth extraction device.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of a main part of the forceps-type tooth extraction device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a tooth and a state around the tooth.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Teeth, 11 ... Alveolar bone, 12 ... Periodontal ligament fiber, 20 ... Controller body, 21 ... Foot switch, 22 ... Physiological saline bottle, 23 ... Extraction handpiece part (handshaking case part), I ... Forceps type extraction tool 24, a forceps-type tooth extraction tool head member, 24a, a vibrator, 24b, a vibration amplitude expanding horn portion,
24c ₁ , 24c ₂ … Tip piece, 24e… Vibration direction converter, 24f… Lever, II… Spring type tooth extraction tool, 25… Sprocket type tooth extraction tool head member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An amplitude expanding horn for expanding a vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator, comprising: a handpiece for accommodating the ultrasonic vibrator; and a forceps detachably mounted on the handpiece. A vibrating direction converter that is integrally attached to a tip of the horn portion and converts ultrasonic vibration from the horn portion into a horizontal direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the horn portion; A vibrating tip piece integrally attached to the direction changing body; and a moving tip arranged to face the vibrating tip piece and cooperating with the vibrating tip piece to grip a tooth. A head member that houses the amplitude-enlarging horn portion and is connected to the tip of the handpiece portion, and a lever piece that is rotatably attached to the head member and has the moving-side tip piece at the tip portion. Tooth extraction characterized by consisting of apparatus.