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JPH09501089A - ステント - Google Patents

ステント

Info

Publication number
JPH09501089A
JPH09501089A JP8500248A JP50024895A JPH09501089A JP H09501089 A JPH09501089 A JP H09501089A JP 8500248 A JP8500248 A JP 8500248A JP 50024895 A JP50024895 A JP 50024895A JP H09501089 A JPH09501089 A JP H09501089A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stent
ribs
main body
stent according
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8500248A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
リンデンベルク,ヨーゼフ
シュネップ−プレシュ,ヴォルフラム
Original Assignee
アンギオーメド ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー メディツィーンテヒニク コマンディートゲゼルシャフト
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6518991&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=JPH09501089(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by アンギオーメド ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー メディツィーンテヒニク コマンディートゲゼルシャフト filed Critical アンギオーメド ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー メディツィーンテヒニク コマンディートゲゼルシャフト
Publication of JPH09501089A publication Critical patent/JPH09501089A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A61F2002/91541Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91558Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/0054V-shaped

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 半径方向に収縮した挿入状態から、半径方向に膨張した位置決め状態へ拡張可能なステントにおいて、本発明は、血管の使用領域にステントを定着的に位置固定するために、半径方向に膨張された状態で少なくとも一方の端面側端部は、ステントの残りの主本体よりも大きな半径方向の拡がりを有している。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ステント [技術分野] 本発明は、血管内へ導入するための半径方向に収縮した状態と、血管内へ導入 した後の膨張した状態とを有する、血管を拡張して開放状態に維持するためのス テントに関するものである。 [背景技術] 体腔、血管などへ挿入可能な前記形式のステント或いは体内植設可能なカテー テルはプラスチックから、或いは鋼又はニッケル−チタン合金のような不活性金 属から成ることができる。このようなステントは特に血管内設ステントもしくは 内設ルミナールステント又は内設プロテーゼとも呼ばれる。該ステントは、例え ば良性の前立腺肥大症(BPH)における前立腺域の尿管を拡張するため、或い は又、石灰の沈着した血管において該血管を拡張して開放状態に保つためにも使 用される。該ステントは、材料域を有し、かつ該材料域間に間隙を有している。 これによって、開放状態に維持された器官の壁組織の成長によってステントの周 面が被覆される。ステントはスパイラル状にか又は蔓巻き線状に巻かれた巻成体 として構成することができる。該ステントは製織又は編成された線材又はプラス チック材料から成ることができる。このようなステントは、例えば特定のニッケ ル−チタン合金(Nitinol)において見られるような形状記憶特性を有す ることができる。 [発明の開示] 本発明の課題は、拡張すべき血管内に前記のようなステントの確実な定着を保 証することである。 冒頭で述べた形式のステントにおける前記課題を解決するための本発明の構成 手段は、半径方向に膨張された状態で少なくとも一方の端面側端部が、ステント の残りの主本体よりも大きな半径方向の拡がりを有している点にある。 リブと、該リブ間に残留する空隙とによって形成されているステントの場合に は、本発明の有利な構成では、リブはステントの少なくとも一方の端面側端部域 で、ステントの主本体の相応のリブの長さよりも大きな長さを有しており、この 場合特に端面側端部域のリブの長さは、ステントの主本体域のリブの長さの12 0〜190%である。 本発明の有利な別の構成では、端面側方域のリブは、ステントの主本体域のリ ブよりも広く半径方向外向きに延びており、かつ端面側方域のリブは、ステント の主軸線に対して鋭角を成している。 前記空隙は菱形状又は蜂の巣状に構成することができる。ステントは、弾性特 性を有していることと、半 径方向で緊縮した状態で挿入することとによってだけでなく、また形状記憶合金 から成っていることによって自己膨張性であるのが有利である。 ステントの比較的大きな曲げ能と可撓性を得るために、別の有利な構成では、 軸方向で相前後して配置されたリブ間には、一部では間隙が、また一部では結合 域が存在している。このように構成すれば、軸方向で順次に続くリブが結合域で 互いに固定的に結合されているようなステントの場合よりも高い可撓性が得られ る。また軸線方向に対して垂直な力が作用して曲がる場合に、横断面の変形が生 じることはない。 ステントを1層に構成したことによって高い曲げ能が得られ、その場合編物や 組み物などにおいて見られるような、金属線材交点が大きな材料厚を生ぜしめる ことはない。また体組織内への本発明のステントの固着が改善される。更に特に 血管領域において血栓が生成する危険が著しく減少し、或いは事実上排除される 。 この場合特に有利な構成では、前記結合域が周方向で互いにずらされている。 これによって所望の軸方向強度(要するに耐アプセット性及び軸方向の引張り耐 性)が、軸線に対して垂直な曲げ強度と共に得られかつ維持される。 更に有利な構成ではステントは、空隙を形成するためにスリットを切った扁平 金属薄板から製作されてお り、その場合、扁平金属薄板は、円筒形輪郭に曲げ成形した後に両側縁域に沿っ て互いに接合、特に溶接されており、かつ空隙は熱処理後にスリットによって形 成されている。 [図面の簡単な説明] 図1は半径方向に収縮させた低温状態又は導入状態における本発明の有利なス テントを示す図である。 図2は半径方向に膨張させた高温状態又は使用状態における本発明のステント を示す図である。 図3は端面側端部の構成を示すステント部分の概略図である。 [発明を実施するための最良の形態] 次に図面に基づいて本発明の実施例を詳説する。 本発明によるステント1は、拡張すべき血管内へ挿入するために半径方向に収 縮させた状態では、図1に示したような円筒形形状又は外側輪郭を有している。 膨張した状態では本発明のステント1は、その主本体1aの長さにわたって、つ まりその最大長さにわたって、やはり円筒形の外側輪郭を有している。本発明の ステントは勿論、両方の端面側端部1b,1cの領域では半径方向寸法にわたっ て、つまり主本体1aの直径Dにわたって拡張されているので、ステント1は、 半径方向に拡張された端面側端部1b,1cでもって血管壁に定着することがで きる。 本発明のステント1は、特に図2から判るように、 縦軸線Aの方向で相前後して配置されていてステント1の全周にわたって延びる 多数の蛇行ウェブ、つまり結合域又は尖頭域3,3a,3′a,3bで山形状に 互いに結合されたリブ2,2a,2bの形の蛇行ウェブから成っている。周方向 で見れば蛇行ウェブ又はリブ2,2a,2bは、それぞれ並列配置された蛇行ウ ェブ又はリブ2,2a,2bの、それぞれ互いに隣接して向き合った結合域又は 尖頭域3,3aもしくは3′a,3bが縦軸線方向で整合するように配置されて いる。 同じく図2から判るように、縦軸線方向で順次に続いていてそれぞれリブ2, 2a,2bによって形成された蛇行ウェブは、結合域又は尖頭域3,3a,3′ a,3bの領域では移行部4,4a,4b,4c,4dによって互いに結合され ていず、周方向で見て、リブ2,2aによって形成された2つの蛇行ウェブのこ のような移行部4〜4d間にそれぞれ複数のギャップ5,5′,5a,5b,5 b′などが配置されている。前記の移行部4〜4d及びギャップ5〜5b′は共 に節域とも呼ばれる。 見方を変えれば本発明のステントは、リブ2,2a,2bと、これらのリブ間 に形成される空隙6,6aとによって構成されており、この場合前記空隙6,6 aは図示の実施例では基本的に菱形の輪郭を有し、つまり4つのリブ域によって 制限されており、また原理 的には6つのリブ域によって制限された蜂の巣の形状を有することもできる。前 記の見方によれば節域は部分的には結合部(移行部4〜4d)として、そのまま 残っているのに対して、他の領域ではギャップ5〜5b′によって切り開かれて いる。前記の結合部又は移行部4〜4dは縦軸線方向で整合せず、それぞれ互い に角度を成しており、つまり周方向でずらされている。 ギャップ5〜5b′…によって本発明のステントには高い可撓性が得られる。 縦軸線Aに対して垂直に曲がった場合、従って縦軸線自体が曲がってもステント 1は、ステント中央域においては屈曲することがなく、従ってステントが実質的 に円形横断面の輪郭を喪失して力の作用方向にステント中央部が扁平に押圧され かつ力の作用方向に対して直角な方向で、ステント縦軸線方向寸法のほぼ中央で 不都合に拡幅されることもない。このような不都合な事態は、縦軸線方向で互い に並列的に延びる蛇行ワインディングの、互いに隣接して向き合った全ての結合 域又は尖頭域3,3a…が結合域又は移行部4,4aによって固定的に結合され ているような慣用のステントの場合に屡々見られることである。結合域又は移行 部4,4a…は、ステントのその他の部分、特にリブ2,2a…及び該リブのそ れぞれ隣接した結合域又は尖頭域3,3aと一体に構成されている。 図1から判るように、蛇行ウェブのリブ2,2a…間に高温状態で形成される 実質的に菱形状の空隙(図2)は、低温状態又は挿入位置では縮小してスリット を形成し、かつ蛇行ウェブのリブ2…は実質的に互いに平行に延在する。 特に図3から判るように、外寄り又は端面寄りの蛇行域のリブ2の長さは、本 発明のステント1の主本体1a内のリブ2a,2bよりも著しく大きい。端面側 端部のリブ2の長さは、主本体1aのリブ2a〜2cの120〜200%である ことができる。長さ比は選択自在であり、かつ、許容伸び率、所要ステント長さ 並びに、ステント1の主本体1aに対する端面側端部1b,1cの所望の半径方 向拡がりによって決定される。 本発明のステント1は、ニチノルのようなニッケル−チタン合金から成ってい る。該ステントを製造するためには、金属薄板には先ず高精度で、つまり0.0 01mmのトレランス範囲で所望の薄板厚にエッチングが施される。次いで、ス テントを形成する部分が、大きな面の薄板から切り出される。これらの薄板部分 内には次いで周方向でそれぞれ隣接したスリットがその長さの半分だけ軸方向に ずらされるように、切透し部又はスリットが切り込まれる。スリット切り込みは レーザによって行われる。各スリットの中央区域には該スリットは、拡張部を有 しているので、該拡張部を 周方向で制限する材料が、スリット間そのものに残存する材料分の幅にほぼ減少 される。これらの区分は、そのまま放置される場合には後に結合域4,4aを形 成することになり、或いは前記区分を除去する場合には、これらの領域に隙間又 はギャップ5,5aなどが形成される。前記スリットを切り込んだ後、切り出し 部分のもぎ取り及びスリット薄板のまくれ除去が行われる。次いでスリット薄板 は1つの円筒体に湾曲成形されるので、スリット薄板の両側縁が互いに接し合う 。次いで接合板又は付設部にスリット薄板が溶接され、これによって、図1に相 当する低温状態のステントが生じる。次いで、このように形成されたステントに は、形状記憶特性を与えるために熱処理が施されるので、ステントは、人体の体 温よりも著しく低い所定の周辺温度を上回る温度に昇温した後、図2に相当する 高温状態に拡張され、この場合の温度はせいぜい35℃に達している。 ステントをこのように製造して該ステントに熱処理を施した後、次いで橋絡片 が所望のように除去されるので、前記のような結合域又はウェブ4,4aもしく はギャップ5,5′,5aが形成される。次いで回転ドラム機械にかけて研削及 び研磨が行われる。ステントは寸法、機能及び調整に関して検査される。最後に ステントは超音波浴内で先ず石鹸液で、次いで蒸留水で、かつ最後にアルコール で浄化される。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1.血管内へ導入するための半径方向に収縮した状態と、血管内へ導入した後 の膨張した状態とを有する、血管を拡張して開放状態に維持するためのステント において、半径方向に膨張された状態で少なくとも一方の端面側端部(1b,1 c)が、ステント(1)の残りの主本体(1a)よりも大きな半径方向の拡がり を有していることを特徴とする、ステント。 2.リブ(2,2a,2b,2c)及び該リブ間に残留する空隙(6,6a) とを有する、請求項1記載のステント。 3.ステント(1)の少なくとも一方の端面側端部(1b,1c)の領域のリ ブ(2)が、ステント(1)の主本体(1a)の相応のリブ(2a,2b,2c )よりも大きな長さを有している、請求項2記載のステント。 4.端面側端部(1b,1c)の領域のリブ(2)の長さが、ステント(1) の主本体(1a)領域のリブの長さの120〜190%である、請求項3記載の ステント。 5.端面側端部領域のリブが、ステントの主本体領域のリブよりも広く半径方 向外向きに拡がっている、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載のステント。 6.端面側端部(1b,1c)の領域のリブ(2) が、ステント(1)の主軸線(A)に対して鋭角を成している、請求項2から5 までのいずれか1項記載のステント。 7.空隙(6,6a)が菱形状に構成されている、請求項2から6までのいず れか1項記載のステント。 8.空隙が蜂の巣状に構成されている、請求項2から6までのいずれか1項記 載のステント。 9.ステントが自己膨張性である、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の ステント。 10.ステントが形状記憶合金から成っている、請求項1から9までのいずれか 1項記載のステント。 11.縦軸線方向で見て相前後して配置されたリブ間に、部分的には空隙(5, …)が、また部分的には結合域(4,…)が設けられている、請求項2から10 までのいずれか1項記載のステント。 12.結合域(4,…)が周方向で互いにずらされている、請求項11記載のス テント。 13.ステントが扁平金属薄板から製作されており、該扁平金属薄板内に、空隙 (6,6a)を形成するためにスリットが切り出されており、しかも前記扁平金 属薄板が、1つの円筒体に湾曲成形した後に両側縁域に沿って互いに接合、特に 溶接されている、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項記載のステント。 14.空隙(6,6a)が熱処理後にスリットによって形成されている、請求項 1から13までのいずれか 1項記載のステント。
JP8500248A 1994-05-26 1995-05-20 ステント Pending JPH09501089A (ja)

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DE4418336.4 1994-05-26
DE4418336A DE4418336A1 (de) 1994-05-26 1994-05-26 Stent
PCT/EP1995/001925 WO1995032688A1 (de) 1994-05-26 1995-05-20 Stent

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AT (1) ATE187054T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA2168121C (ja)
DE (2) DE4418336A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2141946T5 (ja)
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