JP6983830B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction machine equipped with an antenna.

Conventionally, construction machines equipped with antennas that receive radio waves from satellites and the like have been known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a hydraulic excavator in which an antenna is attached to a handrail of an upper swing body in order to achieve both radio wave reception sensitivity and antenna attachment / detachment workability.

Japanese Patent No. 5296947

The conditions required for the installation position of the antenna include, in addition to the above-mentioned reception sensitivity and workability of attachment / detachment, that the antenna can be firmly supported against vibrations and shocks during operation of the hydraulic excavator. However, if the antenna is attached to the handrail as in Patent Document 1, the antenna may vibrate significantly during operation and the reception state may become unstable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned actual conditions, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine in which an antenna is supported at a position where radio wave reception is stable, in addition to improving radio wave reception sensitivity and attachment / detachment workability. To provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is provided from a main body, a hydraulic oil tank having a pressure resistant structure provided in the main body and storing hydraulic oil, and a hydraulic oil tank provided in front of the main body and supplied from the hydraulic oil tank. For mounting an antenna for receiving radio waves in a construction machine provided with a working device driven by an actuator operated by hydraulic oil and a lid for opening and closing the supply port of the hydraulic oil tank exposed on the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank. The pedestal is fixed to the lid and provided.

According to the present invention, in addition to improving the radio wave reception sensitivity and the attachment / detachment workability, the radio wave reception state can be stabilized. Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.

It is a side view of the hydraulic excavator which is a typical example of the construction machine which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of a hydraulic excavator. It is a rear perspective view of a hydraulic excavator. It is a front view of a hydraulic excavator. It is a perspective view of the hydraulic oil tank.

An embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator 1, which is a typical example of a construction machine according to the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the front, back, left, and right in the present specification are based on the viewpoint of the operator who operates the hydraulic excavator 1.

The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a lower traveling body 2 and an upper rotating body (main body) 3 supported by the lower traveling body 2. The lower traveling body 2 includes a pair of left and right endless tracks 8. Then, when the rotation of the traveling motor (not shown) is transmitted and the pair of left and right endless tracks 8 rotate, the hydraulic excavator 1 travels. However, the lower traveling body 2 may be a wheeled type instead of the endless track 8.

The upper swivel body 3 is supported by the lower traveling body 2 in a swivelable state by a swivel motor (not shown). The upper swivel body 3 is arranged on the front left side of the swivel frame 5 as a base, the front working machine 4 (working device) rotatably attached to the front center of the swivel frame 5 in the vertical direction, and the swivel frame 5. It mainly includes a cab (driver's seat) 7, a counterweight 6 arranged at the rear of the turning frame 5, and an engine cover 9.

The front working machine 4 includes a boom 4a undulatingly supported by the upper swing body 3, an arm 4b swingably supported by the tip of the boom 4a, and a bucket swingably supported by the tip of the arm 4b. Includes 4c and hydraulic cylinders 4d-4f that drive the boom 4a, arm 4b, and bucket 4c. That is, the front working machine 4 is driven by hydraulic cylinders 4d to 4f that are operated by being supplied with hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 30 (see FIG. 2). Hereinafter, the traveling motor, the swivel motor, and the hydraulic cylinders 4d to 4f may be collectively referred to as "hydraulic actuator".

The cab 7 is formed with an internal space on which an operator who operates the hydraulic excavator 1 rides. Inside the cab 7, a seat on which the operator is seated (not shown) and an operating device (steering, pedals, levers, switches, etc.) operated by the operator seated on the seat are arranged. Then, when the operator on the cab 7 operates the operating device, the lower traveling body 2 travels, the upper swivel body 3 turns, and the front working machine 4 operates.

The counterweight 6 is for balancing the weight with the front working machine 4, and is a heavy object having an arc shape. The engine cover 9 is a cover that covers the upper surface of the engine building that houses the engine, heat exchanger, fan, and the like. The engine cover 9 is arranged in front of the counterweight 6 and behind the operator passage 10 described later.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the hydraulic excavator 1. FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the hydraulic excavator 1. FIG. 4 is a front view of the hydraulic excavator 1. In FIGS. 2 to 4, a part or all of the front working machine 4 is not shown.

An operator passage 10 surrounded by a thick frame in FIGS. 2 and 3 is provided on the upper surface of the upper swivel body 3. The operator passage 10 is an area provided for an operator who performs various operations (for example, maintenance work, replenishment work) on the hydraulic excavator 1 to move on the upper swivel body 3. When the upper swivel body 3 is viewed in a plan view as shown in FIG. 2, the operator passage 10 according to the present embodiment is formed in a substantially L shape from the left front end of the upper swivel body 3 to the rear of the front working machine 4 and the cab 7. Has been done.

The operator passage 10 is an area on the upper surface of the upper swivel body 3 on which the tread plates 11 to 17 are laid. The tread plates 11 to 17 are plates that have been processed so that the passing operator does not slip easily. Examples of processing include the formation of a plurality of drain holes, knurling on the surface, and the like.

More specifically, the tread plates 11 to 14 are provided side by side in the front-rear direction on the side opposite to the cab 7 with the front working machine 4 interposed therebetween. Further, the tread plates 11 to 14 are arranged with a step so as to gradually increase from the front to the rear. In other words, the treads 11-14 form a staircase for the operator to climb onto the upper swivel body 3.

Further, the tread plates 15 to 17 are laid behind the front working machine 4 and the cab 7 and in front of the engine cover 9. The treads 15 to 17 are flush with the tread 14 which is the uppermost step of the stairs. That is, the tread plates 14 to 17 form a flat passage.

Further, the operator passage 10 has a different direction (bent) between the tread plates 11 to 14 and the tread plates 15 to 17. The width of the connecting portion of the bent tread plates 14 and 15 in the operator passage 10 is narrower than that of the other portions.

Further, handrails 18 to 21 are erected at the left and right ends of the upper swivel body 3 in order to prevent the operator from falling from the operator passage 10. More specifically, the handrail 18 is arranged on the right side of the tread plates 11 to 13, the handrail 19 is arranged on the right side of the tread plate 14, and the handrail 20 is arranged on the right end of the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank 30 described later. , The handrail 21 is arranged on the left side of the tread plate 17.

The hydraulic oil tank 30 is a container for storing hydraulic oil to be supplied to the hydraulic actuator. The hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank 30 is pumped to the hydraulic actuator by a hydraulic pump (not shown) that rotates by transmitting the driving force of the engine. Further, the hydraulic oil flowing out from the hydraulic actuator returns to the hydraulic oil tank 30. The hydraulic oil tank 30 employs a pressure-resistant structure that can withstand pressure from the inside in order to store high-pressure hydraulic oil.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hydraulic oil tank 30 is provided at a position adjacent to the operator passage 10. The hydraulic oil tank 30 is arranged in an area surrounded by the tread plates 14 to 16 and the engine cover 9. More specifically, the hydraulic oil tank 30 is arranged behind the tread plate 14, to the right of the tread plates 15 and 16, and in front of the engine cover 9. Further, the hydraulic oil tank 30 is arranged on the opposite side of the front working machine 4 and the cab 7 with the operator passage 10 interposed therebetween.

In other words, the hydraulic oil tank 30 is adjacent to the operator passage 10 at the portion where the operator passage 10 bends. The upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank 30 is exposed on the upper surface of the upper swing body 3. Further, the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank 30 is flush with the tread plates 14 to 16. That is, by installing the hydraulic oil tank 30, the width of the bent portion of the operator passage 10 is narrowed. Therefore, it is assumed that the operator passing through the operator passage 10 steps on the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank 30.

In this way, the hydraulic oil tank 30 can withstand a large pressure from the inside, and in addition to having high strength, the hydraulic oil tank 30 itself has high strength so that the operator can ride on it. It is firmly supported by the frame 5. That is, the hydraulic oil tank 30 has higher vibration resistance and impact resistance than the handrails 18 to 21 and the like.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the hydraulic oil tank 30. The hydraulic oil tank 30 mainly includes a round body 31, a bottom plate 32, an upper plate 33, and a lid 34. The round body 31, the bottom plate 32, the top plate 33, and the lid 34 are made of, for example, a rolled steel plate such as SS400.

The round body 31 has a cylindrical shape with open upper and lower ends. Hydraulic oil is stored in the internal space of the round body 31. The round body 31 is formed with an outflow port 35a that allows the hydraulic oil in the internal space to flow out toward the hydraulic pump, and an inflow port 35b that allows the hydraulic oil that has returned from the hydraulic actuator to flow into the internal space.

The bottom plate 32 closes the open lower end of the round body 31. The bottom plate 32 is a rectangular (typically square) flat plate having a side length larger than the diameter of the round body 31. A fixing portion (typically, a seat) 36 for fixing the hydraulic oil tank 30 to the swivel frame 5 is provided at a corner portion of the bottom plate 32 protruding from the round body 31.

The upper plate 33 closes the open upper end of the round body 31. The upper plate 33 is a rectangular (typically square) flat plate having a side length larger than the diameter of the round body 31. Further, the upper plate 33 is exposed on the upper surface of the upper swivel body 3. The upper plate 33 is formed with a supply port 37, a pressure relief valve 38, and a through hole 39.

The supply port 37 is an opening for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil tank 30. The supply port 37 is opened and closed by a removable lid 34. The pressure relief valve 38 is a valve for reducing the pressure in the internal space of the hydraulic oil tank 30. The supply port 37 and the pressure relief valve 38 are provided at positions facing the internal space of the round body 31. That is, the supply port 37 and the pressure relief valve 38 communicate with the internal space of the round body 31.

The through hole 39 is a through hole for passing the cable 45 described later. The through hole 39 penetrates the upper plate 33 in the thickness direction at a position separated from the round body 31. That is, the through hole 39 avoids the internal space of the round body 31 and allows the inside and outside of the upper swivel body 3 to communicate with each other. Further, the through hole 39 is formed at the right rear end of the upper plate 33. In other words, the through hole 39 is formed on the opposite side of the operator passage 10 with the supply port 37 and the pressure relief valve 38 interposed therebetween.

When the lid 34 is attached to the upper plate 33, the supply port 37 is closed, and when the lid 34 is removed from the upper plate 33, the supply port 37 is opened. Although not shown, the lid 34 has a complicated lower surface structure so that the lid 34 can be easily attached and detached by an operator's attachment / detachment operation without being detached by the pressure of the internal space of the round body 31. On the other hand, the upper surface of the lid 34 is a flat surface except that a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the outer edge portion.

When replenishing the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil tank 30 having the above configuration, first, the pressure relief valve 38 is operated to reduce the pressure in the internal space of the round body 31 to the same level as the atmospheric pressure. Next, the lid 34 is removed, a hose is inserted into the internal space of the round body 31 through the supply port 37, and hydraulic oil is injected. Then, when the replenishment of the hydraulic oil is completed, the hose may be pulled out from the supply port 37 and the lid 34 may be attached to the supply port 37.

Further, an antenna 40 is erected on the upper surface of the lid 34 via the pedestal 41. The antenna 40 is a device that receives radio waves. The source of the radio wave received by the antenna 40 is not particularly limited, but an artificial satellite is applicable, for example. Specific examples of artificial satellites include, for example, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). The antenna 40 mainly includes a pillar portion 42 and an antenna main body 43.

The pedestal 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the lid 34 for mounting the antenna 40. The pedestal 41 is a rectangular (typically square) flat plate. The pedestal 41 has a size that fits inside a plurality of bolt holes formed in the lid 34. The lid 34 is formed of, for example, SS400 or the like. Then, the pedestal 41 is welded and fixed to the upper surface of the lid 34 inside the plurality of bolt holes.

The pillar portion 42 is a long rod-shaped member. The base end (lower end) of the pillar portion 42 has the same shape as the pedestal 41. Further, the base end of the column portion 42 is reinforced by a plurality of reinforcing members 44. On the other hand, an adapter (not shown) that detachably supports the antenna main body 43 is provided at the tip of the pillar portion 42. The height of the pillar portion 42 is about 70 to 80 cm.

The antenna body 43 is detachably supported on the upper end of the pillar portion 42. As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna body 43 is located above the upper ends of the cab 7 and the handrails 18-21. In other words, the antenna main body 43 is located at the uppermost position among the components of the hydraulic excavator 1 excluding the front working machine 4.

The antenna body 43 is composed of, for example, an electric circuit that converts received radio waves into an electric signal and outputs the electric circuit, and a resin cover that covers the electric circuit. Then, one end of the cable 45 is detachably connected to the output terminal of the electric circuit. The cable 45 extends downward along the pillar portion 42 and is accommodated inside the upper swivel body 3 through the through hole 39. The other end of the cable 45 is connected to a controller (not shown) described later. The cable 45 transmits an electric signal output from the antenna body 43 to the controller.

Since the antenna body 43 is equipped with an expensive electric circuit, there is a risk of theft. Therefore, it is required to remove the antenna main body 43 when the hydraulic excavator 1 is parked outdoors for a long period of time, and to attach the antenna main body 43 before using the hydraulic excavator 1.

Therefore, when removing the antenna main body 43, the cable 45 may be first removed from the antenna main body 43, and then the antenna main body 43 may be removed from the adapter of the pillar portion 42. On the other hand, when the antenna main body 43 is attached, the antenna main body 43 may be attached to the adapter of the pillar portion 42 first, and then the cable 45 may be attached to the antenna main body 43.

The antenna 40 is attached to the pedestal 41 by fastening the base end of the pillar portion 42 to the pedestal 41 with bolts 46. That is, the antenna 40 is detachably attached to the pedestal 41. Further, the length of the shaft portion of the bolt 46 is set shorter than the total value of the thickness of the base end of the pillar portion 42 and the thickness of the pedestal portion 41. That is, even if the antenna 40 is fastened to the pedestal 41 with the bolt 46, the tip of the bolt 46 does not reach the lid 34.

In the controller according to the present embodiment, for example, based on the electric signal acquired from the antenna main body 43 through the cable 45, the tip (toe) of the bucket 4c does not invade below the target excavation surface during excavation by the front working machine 4. It also has a machine control function that automatically raises the boom 4a, a navigation function that displays the current position on a display (not shown), and the like.

More specifically, the controller determines the current position of the hydraulic excavator 1 identified by the electrical signal obtained from the antenna 40 and the angles of the boom 4a, arm 4b, and bucket 4c detected by various sensors (not shown). Based on this, the tip position of the bucket 4c is specified. Then, the controller controls the toes so as not to invade below the target excavation surface by extending the hydraulic cylinder 4d in conjunction with the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 4e during excavation by the front working machine 4. Control function). Further, the controller displays the current position of the hydraulic excavator 1 specified by the electric signal acquired from the antenna 40 on the display installed in the cab 7 (navigation function).

According to the above embodiment, for example, the following effects are exhibited.

According to the above embodiment, by installing the antenna 40 on the side opposite to the front working machine 4 and the cab 7 across the operator passage 10, the antenna 40 can receive radio waves without being blocked by obstacles. can. Further, by arranging the antenna 40 at a position adjacent to the operator passage 10, access to the installation position of the antenna 40 becomes easy, so that the workability of attaching / detaching the antenna main body 43 is improved.

Further, according to the above embodiment, since the antenna 40 is attached to the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank 30 firmly fixed to the swivel frame 5, the antenna 40 is less likely to shake due to vibration or impact during operation of the hydraulic excavator 1. Therefore, when the hydraulic excavator 1 is in operation, radio waves can be stably received.

When the antenna 40 is installed in the vicinity of the hydraulic oil tank 30, there is a problem that the hydraulic oil adheres to the antenna main body 43 when the hydraulic oil is replenished to the hydraulic oil tank 30. Since the highly viscous hydraulic oil adsorbs the surrounding dust, if the antenna body 43 is covered with the dust, it becomes impossible to stably receive radio waves.

Therefore, according to the above embodiment, since the antenna 40 is attached to the lid 34 of the hydraulic oil tank 30, the hydraulic oil cannot be replenished to the hydraulic oil tank 30 unless the antenna 40 is removed together with the lid 34. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the hydraulic oil spilled during the replenishment work from adhering to the antenna main body 43. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the reception stability of radio waves from being impaired.

Further, according to the above embodiment, the through hole 39 through which the cable 45 passes is arranged on the opposite side of the operator passage 10 with the supply port 37 interposed therebetween. As a result, the possibility that the operator passing through the operator passage 10 steps on or catches the cable 45 is reduced, so that the cable 45 can be prevented from being broken.

Further, according to the above embodiment, the pedestal 41 is welded to the upper surface of the lid 34, and the antenna 40 is fastened to the pedestal 41 with a bolt 46 that does not reach the lid 34, so that the pressure in the internal space of the round body 31 is resisted. The antenna 40 can be attached to the lid 34 without impairing the original function of the lid 34, which is to block the supply port 37.

Further, the specific example of the construction machine is not limited to the hydraulic excavator 1, and may be a construction vehicle such as a dump truck, a motor grader, or a wheel loader. As an example, when a dump truck is a construction machine, the vehicle corresponds to the main body and the vessel corresponds to the working device. As another example, when the motor grader is a construction machine, the vehicle corresponds to the main body and the blade corresponds to the working device. As yet another example, when the wheel loader is a construction machine, the vehicle corresponds to the main body and the bucket corresponds to the working device.

The embodiments described above are examples for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to those embodiments. Those skilled in the art can practice the invention in various other embodiments without departing from the gist of the invention.

1 Hydraulic excavator 2 Lower traveling body 3 Upper swivel body (main body)
4 Front work machine (work equipment)
4a Boom 4b Arm 4c Bucket 4d, 4e, 4f Hydraulic cylinder 5 Swing frame 6 Counterweight 7 Cab (driver's seat)
8 Track 9 Engine cover 10 Operator passage 11-17 Tread plate 18-21 Handrail 30 Hydraulic oil tank 31 Round body 32 Bottom plate 33 Top plate 34 Lid 35a Outlet 35b Inlet 36 Fixed part 37 Supply port 38 Depressurization valve 39 Penetration Hole 40 Antenna 41 Pedestal 42 Pillar 43 Antenna body 44 Reinforcing member 45 Cable

Claims (3)

With the main body
A hydraulic oil tank with a pressure resistant structure provided in the main body and storing hydraulic oil,
A working device provided in front of the main body and driven by an actuator operated by hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic oil tank.
In a construction machine provided with a lid for opening and closing a supply port of the hydraulic oil tank exposed on the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank.
A construction machine characterized in that a pedestal for attaching an antenna for receiving radio waves is fixed to the lid. In the construction machine according to claim 1,
The above hydraulic oil tank is
A cylindrical round body with an open top and
It is provided with an upper plate that closes the upper end of the round body.
On the upper plate,
The supply port is formed at a position facing the internal space of the round body.
A construction machine characterized in that a through hole through which a cable for transmitting a signal received by the antenna is passed is formed at a position away from the round body. In the construction machine according to claim 2,
The hydraulic oil tank is provided at a position adjacent to an operator passage provided on the upper surface of the main body.
A construction machine characterized in that the through hole is provided on the side opposite to the operator passage with the supply port interposed therebetween.

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