JP6967128B1 - 積層フィルムおよびその製造方法ならびに燃料電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
積層フィルムおよびその製造方法ならびに燃料電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6967128B1 JP6967128B1 JP2020142648A JP2020142648A JP6967128B1 JP 6967128 B1 JP6967128 B1 JP 6967128B1 JP 2020142648 A JP2020142648 A JP 2020142648A JP 2020142648 A JP2020142648 A JP 2020142648A JP 6967128 B1 JP6967128 B1 JP 6967128B1
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- C08J2427/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
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Abstract
Description
本開示の積層フィルムは、離型層としての第二層を含む。第二層は、環状オレフィン系樹脂を含み、離型性に優れる。
本開示の積層フィルムは、第一層を含み、前記第二層と後述する基材層との間に介在して積層フィルムの層間の密着性を向上できる。本開示では、第一層を介在させることにより、易接着層を有していない基材層や表面処理されていない基材層であっても、離型性の高い第二層を基材層に強固に固定または接着できる。そのため、離型性と自身の安定性(基材層と第二層との密着性)とを高度に両立できるため、離型性の高いフッ素樹脂の主鎖と、離型性の低いスルホン酸基を含む側鎖とを有する特異な構造を有するイオン交換樹脂を含むイオン交換樹脂含有層に対しても、優れた離型性(必要なときに容易に剥離でき、不要なときに剥離を抑制できる特性)を示し、自身の安定性も向上できる。さらに、このような第一層は、接着成分として、酸変性オレフィン系樹脂を含むため、環境的な負荷も小さい。
本開示の積層フィルムは、基材層をさらに含む。基材層は、例えば、燃料電池の製造工程において、離型フィルムとして利用される積層フィルムの寸法安定性を向上でき、特に、ロール・ツー・ロール方式において張力が負荷されても、伸びを抑制でき、さらに乾燥工程や加熱圧着処理などによって高温に晒されても、高い寸法安定性を維持し、電解質膜や電極膜などのイオン交換樹脂含有層との剥離を抑制できる点から、耐熱性および寸法安定性の高い材質で形成されているのが好ましく、具体的には、150℃における弾性率が100〜1000MPaの合成樹脂で形成されていてもよい。前記弾性率は、例えば、120〜1000MPa、好ましくは150〜1000MPa、さらに好ましくは200〜1000MPa程度であってもよい。弾性率が小さすぎると、積層フィルムの寸法安定性が低下し、ロール・ツー・ロール方式での製造において、離型層としての第二層と、イオン交換樹脂含有層との剥離が発生し、燃料電池の生産性が低下する虞がある。
本開示の積層フィルムは、前記第二層の上に積層され、かつイオン交換樹脂を含むイオン交換樹脂含有層を含む。イオン交換樹脂含有層は、前記第一層を介して基材層の上に形成された第二層を離型層として転写される転写媒体としてのイオン交換樹脂含有層であってもよい。すなわち、基材層に第一層を介して第二層が積層した離型フィルムによって転写される転写媒体であってもよい。
本開示の積層フィルムは、基材層の少なくとも一方の面に、第一層を介在させて第二層が積層されているが、基材層の上に第二層をコーティングにより形成できるため、薄肉で均一な第二層を形成できる。
本開示の積層フィルムは、基材層の上に、酸変性オレフィン系樹脂を含む第一層用液状組成物をコーティング(または流延)して第一層を形成する第一層形成工程、得られた第一層の上に、環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む第二層用液状組成物をコーティングして第二層を形成する第二層形成工程、得られた第二層の上にイオン交換樹脂含有層を積層するイオン交換樹脂含有層形成工程を経て得られる。
第一層形成工程において、第一層用液状組成物(コーティング剤)は、前述の第一層を形成するための成分に加えて、溶媒を含んでいてもよい。溶媒は疎水性溶媒であってもよいが、取り扱い性などの点から、水性溶媒が好ましい。溶媒が水性溶媒である場合、第一層用液状組成物は、水性エマルジョンであってもよい。
第二層形成工程において、第二層用液状組成物(コーティング剤)は、前述の第二層を形成するための成分に加えて、溶媒を含んでいてもよい。
イオン交換樹脂含有層形成工程において、イオン交換樹脂含有層の積層方法は、通常、イオン交換樹脂含有層用液状組成物をコーティング方法が利用される。
本開示の積層フィルムを膜電極接合体の製造で用いる場合、例えば、第1の離型フィルム(第一層を介して基材層の上に第二層を積層した離型フィルム)の離型層(第二層)の上に電解質膜をコーティングにより積層し、第1の離型フィルムの上に電解質膜が積層された第1の積層フィルムを製造し、かつ第2の離型フィルムの離型層の上に電極膜をコーティングにより積層し、第2の離型フィルムの上に電極膜が積層された第2の積層フィルムを製造してもよい。
酸変性オレフィン系樹脂:ユニチカ(株)製「アローベースSE−1205J2」
ポリエステル系コート剤:ポリエステル樹脂水分散体、高松油脂(株)製「ペスレジンA−647GEX」
水酸基含有ポリオレフィン系コート剤:ポリヒドロキシポリオレフィンオリゴマー、三菱化学(株)製「ポリテールH」
UV硬化系コート剤:日本化工塗料(株)製「FA−3291」
環状オレフィン系共重合体A:ポリプラスチックス(株)製「TOPAS(登録商標)6013」、ガラス転移温度138℃
(環状オレフィン系共重合体Bの合成法)
乾燥した300mLの2口フラスコ内を窒素ガスで置換した後、ジメチルアニリウム テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート8.1mg、トルエン235.7mL、7.5モル/Lの濃度でノルボルネンを含有するトルエン溶液7.0mL、1−オクテン6.7mL、トリイソブチルアルミニウム2mLを添加して、反応溶液を25℃に保持した。この溶液とは別個に、グローブボックス中で、触媒として、92.9mgの(t−ブチルアミド)ジメチル−9−フルオレニルシランチタンジメチル[(t−BuNSiMe2Flu)TiMe2]をフラスコに入れ、5mLのトルエンに溶解させた。この触媒溶液2mLを300mLフラスコに加えて重合を開始した。2分後に2mLのメタノールを添加して反応を終了させた。次いで、得られた反応混合物を塩酸で酸性に調整した大量のメタノール中に放出して沈殿物を析出させ、濾別、洗浄後、乾燥して、2−ノルボルネン・1−オクテン共重合体(環状オレフィン系共重合体B)を6.5g得た。得られた共重合体の数平均分子量Mnは73,200、ガラス転移温度Tgは265℃、動的貯蔵弾性率(E’)は−20℃付近に転移点を有し、2−ノルボルネンと1−オクテンとの組成(モル比)は、前者/後者=85/15であった。
(環状オレフィン系共重合体Cの合成法)
1−オクテンを1−ヘキセンに変更し、配合量を4.8mLに変更する以外は環状オレフィン系共重合体Bの合成法と同様にして、2−ノルボルネン・1−ヘキセン共重合体(環状オレフィン共重合体C)を4.3g得た。得られた共重合体のMnは31,600、Tgは300℃、動的貯蔵弾性率(E’)が−20℃付近に転移点を有し、2−ノルボルネンと1−ヘキセンとの組成(モル比)は、前者/後者=88/12であった。
PTFEフィルム:日東電工(株)製「ニトフロン」
イオン交換樹脂分散液:側鎖にスルホン酸基を有するパーフルオロポリマーの水−アルコール分散液、デュポン社製「ナフィオン(登録商標)DE2020CSタイプ」、固形分20質量%
イオン交換樹脂膜:側鎖にスルホン酸基を有するパーフルオロポリマー膜、デュポン社製「ナフィオン(登録商標)112」、膜厚約50μm
Pt担持カーボン:田中貴金属工業(株)製「TEC10E50E」。
塗工前後の重量差から塗工量を求め、樹脂の比重から塗膜厚みを求めた。
得られた積層体から離型フィルムを剥がした際に、被剥離体に第二層(離型層)が転写されているか否かを確認し、以下の基準で評価した。
×…被剥離体に離型層が転写している。
(第一層用塗布液の調製)
酸変性オレフィン系樹脂を固形分濃度が10質量%になるように希釈した第一層用塗布液を得た。
環状オレフィン系共重合体Aをトルエンに撹拌溶解し、固形分濃度10質量%の塗布液を得た。
ポリエステルフィルムの上に、第一層用塗布液をメイヤーバーコーティング法によりコーティングし、100℃の温度で2分間乾燥して第一層を形成した。得られた第一層の上に、第二層用塗布液をメイヤーバーコーティング法によりコーティングし、100℃の温度で1分間乾燥して第二層を形成した。さらに、イオン交換樹脂分散液を用意し、メイヤーバーを用いて第二層上に前記溶液をキャストし、その塗膜を100℃のオーブン内で乾燥させて、イオン交換樹脂含有層(電解質膜)を形成した。その後、さらに130℃のオーブン内で30分間熱処理をし、積層フィルムAを得た。第一層の平均厚みは約0.3μm、第二層の平均厚みは0.6μm、電解質膜の厚みは約10μmであった。
ポリエステルフィルムの上に、第一層用塗布液をメイヤーバーコーティング法によりコーティングし、100℃の温度で2分間乾燥して第一層を形成した。得られた第一層の上に、第二層用塗布液メイヤーバーコーティング法によりコーティングし、100℃の温度で1分間乾燥して第二層を形成した。さらに、Pt担持カーボン7質量部、イオン交換樹脂分散液35質量部をボールミルで混合し、電極膜(電極用触媒層)の塗布液とし、第二層上にドクターブレードを用いて電極膜の塗布液を塗工後、130℃で5分乾燥し、約10μmの電極膜を形成した積層フィルムCを得た。第一層の平均厚みは約0.3μm、第二層の平均厚みは0.6μm、電極膜の厚みは約10μmであった。
第二層用塗布液として、環状オレフィン系共重合体Aの代わりに環状オレフィン系共重合体Bを用いる以外は実施例1と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第二層用塗布液として、環状オレフィン系共重合体Aの代わりに環状オレフィン系共重合体Bを用いる以外は実施例2と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第二層用塗布液として、環状オレフィン系共重合体Aの代わりに環状オレフィン系共重合体Cを用いる以外は実施例1と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第二層用塗布液として、環状オレフィン系共重合体Aの代わりに環状オレフィン系共重合体Cを用いる以外は実施例2と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第一層を形成することなく、第二層を形成する以外は実施例1と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第一層を形成することなく、第二層を形成する以外は実施例2と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第一層用塗布液として、ポリエステル系コート剤を固形分濃度が10質量%になるように希釈した塗布液を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
第一層用塗布液として、水酸基含有ポリオレフィン系コート剤を固形分濃度が10質量%になるように希釈した塗布液を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にして積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
(第一層用塗布液の調製)
UV硬化系コート剤を固形分濃度が10質量%になるように希釈した第一層用塗布液を得た。
ポリエステルフィルムの上に、第一層用塗布液をメイヤーバーコーティング法によりコーティングし、100℃の温度で1分間乾燥後、高圧水銀ランプにて500mJ/cm2照射して第一層を形成した。以降の工程(第二層を形成する以降の工程)は実施例1と同様にして、積層フィルムを製造し、離型フィルムを剥離した。
Claims (10)
- 基材層と、酸変性オレフィン系樹脂を含む第一層と、環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む第二層と、イオン交換樹脂を含むイオン交換樹脂含有層とがこの順序で積層された積層フィルムであって、
前記第一層が、塩素含有樹脂を含まず、
前記第一層中の前記酸変性オレフィン系樹脂の割合が、70質量%以上であり、
前記第一層の平均厚みが、0.01〜10μmであり、
前記環状オレフィン系樹脂が、環状オレフィンと、エチレン、プロピレン、1−ブテン、イソブテン、1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−へプテン、1−オクテン、1−ノネン、1−デセン、1−ウンデセン、1−ドデセンから選択される少なくとも一種の鎖状オレフィンとの共重合体であり、
前記第二層中の前記環状オレフィン系樹脂の割合が、80質量%以上である、積層フィルム。 - 酸変性オレフィン系樹脂が、酸変性ポリエチレン系樹脂である請求項1記載の積層フィルム。
- 第二層の平均厚みが30μm以下である請求項1または2記載の積層フィルム。
- 基材層が、ポリオレフィン、ポリビニルアルコール系重合体、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリイミドおよびセルロース誘導体からなる群より選択された少なくとも1種を含む請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
- 第一層が塩基性化合物をさらに含む請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
- イオン交換樹脂が側鎖にスルホン酸基またはその塩を有するフッ素樹脂であり、かつイオン交換樹脂含有層が電解質膜および/または電極膜である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
- 基材層の上に、酸変性オレフィン系樹脂を含む第一層用液状組成物をコーティングして中間層を形成する第一層形成工程、得られた第一層の上に、環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む第二層用液状組成物をコーティングして第二層を形成する第二層形成工程、得られた第二層の上にイオン交換樹脂含有層を積層するイオン交換樹脂含有層形成工程を含む請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムの製造方法。
- 第一層用液状組成物が水性エマルジョンである請求項7記載の製造方法。
- ロール・ツー・ロール方式で製造する請求項7または8記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムからイオン交換樹脂含有層以外の層を剥離する剥離工程を含む固体高分子型燃料電池の膜電極接合体の製造方法。
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KR1020237009819A KR20230057407A (ko) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-03-19 | 적층 필름 및 이의 제조 방법 및 연료 전지의 제조 방법 |
CN202180049310.0A CN115803193A (zh) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-03-19 | 叠层膜及其制造方法以及燃料电池的制造方法 |
EP21860834.7A EP4159435A4 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-03-19 | LAMINATED FILM AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR, AND FUEL BATTERY PRODUCTION METHOD |
PCT/JP2021/011322 WO2022044402A1 (ja) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-03-19 | 積層フィルムおよびその製造方法ならびに燃料電池の製造方法 |
US18/013,306 US20230253593A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-03-19 | Layered film and production method therefor, and fuel battery production method |
JP2021172791A JP2022040112A (ja) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-10-22 | 積層フィルムおよびその製造方法ならびに燃料電池の製造方法 |
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EP4159435A4 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
KR20230057407A (ko) | 2023-04-28 |
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