JP6721154B2 - 生体情報分析装置、システム、及び、プログラム - Google Patents
生体情報分析装置、システム、及び、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6721154B2 JP6721154B2 JP2018512091A JP2018512091A JP6721154B2 JP 6721154 B2 JP6721154 B2 JP 6721154B2 JP 2018512091 A JP2018512091 A JP 2018512091A JP 2018512091 A JP2018512091 A JP 2018512091A JP 6721154 B2 JP6721154 B2 JP 6721154B2
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Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る生体情報分析システム10の外観の概略構成を示す図である。図1は生体情報分析システム10を左手首に装着した状態を示している。生体情報分析システム10は、本体部11と、本体部11に固定されたベルト12と、を備える。生体情報分析システム10は、いわゆるウェアラブル型のデバイスであり、本体部11が手首内側の皮膚に接触し、かつ、皮下に存在する橈骨動脈TDの上に本体部11が配置されるように、装着される。なお、本実施形態では橈骨動脈TD上に装置を装着する構成としたが、他の表在動脈上に装着する構成でもよい。
図3は血圧測定ユニット20の構造と測定時の状態を模式的に示す断面図である。血圧測定ユニット20は、圧力センサ30と、圧力センサ30を手首に対して押圧するための押圧機構31と、を備える。圧力センサ30は、複数の圧力検出素子300を有している。圧力検出素子300は、圧力を検出して電気信号に変換する素子であり、例えばピエゾ抵抗効果を利用した素子などを好ましく用いることができる。押圧機構31は、例えば、空気袋とこの空気袋の内圧を調整するポンプとにより構成される。制御ユニット23がポンプを制御し空気袋の内圧を高めると、空気袋の膨張により圧力センサ30が皮膚表面に押し当てられる。なお、押圧機構31は、圧力センサ30の皮膚表面に対する押圧力を調整可能であれば何でもよく、空気袋を用いたものに限定されない。
図5は、生体情報分析装置1の処理を説明するブロック図である。図5に示すように、生体情報分析装置1は、指標抽出部50と処理部51を有している。本実施形態では、制御ユニット23が必要なプログラムを実行することによって、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理が実現されてもよい。当該プログラムは、記憶ユニット27に記憶されていてもよい。制御ユニット23が必要なプログラムを実行する際は、ROM又は記憶ユニット27に記憶された、対象となるプログラムをRAMに展開する。そして、制御ユニット23は、RAMに展開された当該プログラムをCPUにより解釈及び実行して、各構成要素を制御する。ただし、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理の一部又は全部をASICやFPGAなどの回路で構成してもよい。あるいは、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理の一部又は全部を、本体部11とは別体のコンピュータ(例えば、スマートフォン、タブレット端末、パーソナルコンピュータ、クラウドサーバなど)で実現してもよい。
図6は1心拍の橈骨動脈の圧脈波の波形(血圧波形)を示している。横軸は時間t[msec]であり、縦軸は血圧BP[mmHg]である。
・点F2は、駆出波の振幅(圧力)が最大となる点(第1ピーク)である。
・点F3は、反射波の重畳により、駆出波の立下りの途中で現れる変曲点である。
・点F4は、駆出波と反射波の間に現れる極小点であり、切痕とも呼ばれる。これは大動脈弁の閉鎖点に対応する。
・点F5は、点F4の後に現れる反射波のピーク(第2ピーク)である。
・点F6は、1心拍の終点であり、次の心拍の駆出開始点つまり次の心拍の始点に対応する。
・心拍数PR=1/TA
・脈波立上り時間UT=t2−t1
・収縮期TS=t4−t1
・拡張期TD=t6−t4
・反射波遅延時間=t3−t1
・最高血圧(収縮期血圧)SBP=BP2
・最低血圧(拡張期血圧)DBP=BP1
・平均血圧MAP=t1〜t6の血圧波形の面積/心拍周期TA
・収縮期の平均血圧=t1〜t4の血圧波形の面積/収縮期TS
・拡張期の平均血圧=t4〜t6の血圧波形の面積/拡張期TD
・脈圧PP=最高血圧SBP−最低血圧DBP
・収縮後期圧SBP2=BP3
・AI(Augmentation Index)=(収縮後期圧SBP2−最低血圧DBP)/脈圧PP
本発明者らが、被検者実験において、無呼吸状態に相当するバルサルバ試験を実施したところ、図7のような血圧波形データが観測された。左側が平常状態の血圧波形データであり、右側が息こらえ区間(無呼吸状態に相当)の血圧波形データである。平常状態と無呼吸状態との間で血圧波形に有意に違いがあることが認められる。このような知見に基づき、本実施例では、睡眠中のユーザの血圧波形をモニタリングし、血圧波形の形状的な特徴に基づき無呼吸の発生を簡便に且つリアルタイムに検知可能なアルゴリズムを提案する。
h1=収縮期血圧SBP−拡張期血圧DBP=BP2−BP1
h2=点F4の振幅−拡張期血圧DBP=BP4−BP1
h3=h2/(点F5の振幅−拡張期血圧DBP)=(BP4−BP1)/(BP5−BP1)
生体情報分析装置であって、
ハードウェアプロセッサと、プログラムを記憶するメモリとを有し、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサは、前記プログラムにより、
睡眠中のユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形のデータから、血圧波形の特徴に基づいて前記ユーザの呼吸器の機能に関連する指標を抽出し、
抽出された前記指標に基づく処理を行う
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析装置。
生体情報分析システムであって、
ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサと、ハードウェアプロセッサと、プログラムを記憶するメモリと、を有し、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサは、前記プログラムにより、
睡眠中のユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形のデータから、血圧波形の特徴に基づいて前記ユーザの呼吸器の機能に関連する指標を抽出し、
抽出された前記指標に基づく処理を行う
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析システム。
生体情報分析方法であって、
少なくとも1つのハードウェアプロセッサによって、睡眠中のユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形のデータから、血圧波形の特徴に基づいて前記ユーザの呼吸器の機能に関連する指標を抽出するステップと、
少なくとも1つのハードウェアプロセッサによって、抽出された前記指標に基づく処理を行うステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする生体情報分析方法。
10:生体情報分析システム、11:本体部、12:ベルト
20:血圧測定ユニット、21:体動測定ユニット、22:環境測定ユニット、23:制御ユニット、24:入力ユニット、25:出力ユニット、26:通信ユニット、27:記憶ユニット
30:圧力センサ、31:押圧機構、300:圧力検出素子
50:指標抽出部、51:処理部
3:補助装置
Claims (6)
- 睡眠中のユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形のデータから、(1)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧と拡張期血圧の差、(2)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧の後に現れる極小値と拡張期血圧の差、および(3)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧の後に現れる極小値の後に現れる極大値と拡張期血圧の差のうちの少なくともいずれか1つが、それぞれに対応する所定の閾値以下の場合に無呼吸状態と判定して、平常状態か無呼吸状態かを表す指標を抽出する指標抽出部と、
前記指標に基づく処理を行う処理部と、
を有することを特徴とする生体情報分析装置。 - 前記処理部は、前記ユーザの無呼吸状態を解消するための処理を行う
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記処理は、前記ユーザの呼吸を補助する装置を作動させる処理、前記ユーザの覚醒を促す装置を作動させる処理、及び、前記ユーザの姿勢を変える装置を作動させる処理、のうち少なくともいずれかを含む
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサと、
前記センサにより連続的に計測される血圧波形のデータを用いて、生体情報の分析を行う、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置と、
を有することを特徴とする生体情報分析システム。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置の前記指標抽出部及び前記処理部としてプロセッサを機能させることを特徴とするプログラム。
- 生体情報分析装置が、
睡眠中のユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形のデータから、(1)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧と拡張期血圧の差、(2)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧の後に現れる極小値と拡張期血圧の差、および(3)1心拍の血圧波形における、収縮期血圧の後に現れる極小値の後に現れる極大値と拡張期血圧の差のうちの少なくともいずれか1つが、それぞれに対応する所定の閾値以下の場合に無呼吸状態と判定して、平常状態か無呼吸状態かを表す指標を抽出し、
前記指標に基づく処理をする、
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析方法。
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