JP6679005B2 - 生体情報分析装置、システム、及び、プログラム - Google Patents
生体情報分析装置、システム、及び、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6679005B2 JP6679005B2 JP2018512089A JP2018512089A JP6679005B2 JP 6679005 B2 JP6679005 B2 JP 6679005B2 JP 2018512089 A JP2018512089 A JP 2018512089A JP 2018512089 A JP2018512089 A JP 2018512089A JP 6679005 B2 JP6679005 B2 JP 6679005B2
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Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る生体情報分析システム10の外観の概略構成を示す図である。図1は生体情報分析システム10を左手首に装着した状態を示している。生体情報分析システム10は、本体部11と、本体部11に固定されたベルト12と、を備える。生体情報分析システム10は、いわゆるウェアラブル型のデバイスであり、本体部11が手首内側の皮膚に接触し、かつ、皮下に存在する橈骨動脈TDの上に本体部11が配置されるように、装着される。なお、本実施形態では橈骨動脈TD上に装置を装着する構成としたが、他の表在動脈上に装着する構成でもよい。
図3は血圧測定ユニット20の構造と測定時の状態を模式的に示す断面図である。血圧測定ユニット20は、圧力センサ30と、圧力センサ30を手首に対して押圧するための押圧機構31と、を備える。圧力センサ30は、複数の圧力検出素子300を有している。圧力検出素子300は、圧力を検出して電気信号に変換する素子であり、例えばピエゾ抵抗効果を利用した素子などを好ましく用いることができる。押圧機構31は、例えば、空気袋とこの空気袋の内圧を調整するポンプとにより構成される。制御ユニット23がポンプを制御し空気袋の内圧を高めると、空気袋の膨張により圧力センサ30が皮膚表面に押し当てられる。なお、押圧機構31は、圧力センサ30の皮膚表面に対する押圧力を調整可能であれば何でもよく、空気袋を用いたものに限定されない。
図5は、生体情報分析装置1の処理を説明するブロック図である。図5に示すように、生体情報分析装置1は、指標抽出部50と処理部51を有している。本実施形態では、制御ユニット23が必要なプログラムを実行することによって、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理が実現されてもよい。当該プログラムは、記憶ユニット27に記憶されていてもよい。制御ユニット23が必要なプログラムを実行する際は、ROM又は記憶ユニット27に記憶された、対象となるプログラムをRAMに展開する。そして、制御ユニット23は、RAMに展開された当該プログラムをCPUにより解釈及び実行して、各構成要素を制御する。ただし、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理の一部又は全部をASICやFPGAなどの回路で構成してもよい。あるいは、指標抽出部50及び処理部51の処理の一部又は全部を、本体部11とは別体のコンピュータ(例えば、スマートフォン、タブレット端末、パーソナルコンピュータ、クラウドサーバなど)で実現してもよい。
図6は1心拍の橈骨動脈の圧脈波の波形(血圧波形)を示している。横軸は時間t[msec]であり、縦軸は血圧BP[mmHg]である。
・点F2は、駆出波の振幅(圧力)が最大となる点(第1ピーク)である。
・点F3は、反射波の重畳により、駆出波の立下りの途中で現れる変曲点である。
・点F4は、駆出波と反射波の間に現れる極小点であり、切痕とも呼ばれる。これは大動脈弁の閉鎖点に対応する。
・点F5は、点F4の後に現れる反射波のピーク(第2ピーク)である。
・点F6は、1心拍の終点であり、次の心拍の駆出開始点つまり次の心拍の始点に対応する。
・心拍数PR=1/TA
・脈波立上り時間UT=t2−t1
・収縮期TS=t4−t1
・拡張期TD=t6−t4
・反射波遅延時間=t3−t1
・最高血圧(収縮期血圧)SBP=BP2
・最低血圧(拡張期血圧)DBP=BP1
・平均血圧MAP=t1〜t6の血圧波形の面積/心拍周期TA
・収縮期の平均血圧=t1〜t4の血圧波形の面積/収縮期TS
・拡張期の平均血圧=t4〜t6の血圧波形の面積/拡張期TD
・脈圧PP=最高血圧SBP−最低血圧DBP
・収縮後期圧SBP2=BP3
・AI(Augmentation Index)=(収縮後期圧SBP2−最低血圧DBP)/脈圧PP
血圧変動からその人のイベント発症リスクを正確に捉えるためには、変動の要因や変動の現れ方を総合的に評価するべきである。しかし、血圧の変動が生じた区間(「血圧変動区間」と呼ぶ)における血圧の変動の現れ方は、単純な最高血圧値(SBP)や最低血圧値(DBP)だけでは表現することが困難である。そこで本実施例では、血圧波形の時系列データから血圧変動区間を検出し、当該区間の血圧が変動した原因や、当該区間の血圧変動の特徴量に基づき、ユーザの血圧変動タイプを表す指標を求める。血圧変動タイプを指標化することで、ユーザごとのイベント発症リスクを精度良く推定できると期待できる。
生体情報分析装置であって、
ハードウェアプロセッサと、プログラムを記憶するメモリとを有し、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサは、前記プログラムにより、
ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形の時系列データから、血圧の変動が生じた区間である血圧変動区間のデータを取得し、
前記血圧変動区間のデータから前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプを示す指標を抽出し、
抽出した前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標を出力する
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析装置。
生体情報分析システムであって、
ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサと、ハードウェアプロセッサと、プログラムを記憶するメモリと、を有し、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサは、前記プログラムにより、
前記センサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形の時系列データから、血圧の変動が生じた区間である血圧変動区間のデータを取得し、
前記血圧変動区間のデータから前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプを示す指標を抽出し、
抽出した前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標を出力する
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析システム。
生体情報分析方法であって、
少なくとも1つのハードウェアプロセッサによって、ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形の時系列データから、血圧の変動が生じた区間である血圧変動区間のデータを取得するステップと、
少なくとも1つのハードウェアプロセッサによって、前記血圧変動区間のデータから前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプを示す指標を抽出するステップと、
少なくとも1つのハードウェアプロセッサによって、抽出した前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標を出力するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする生体情報分析方法。
10:生体情報分析システム、11:本体部、12:ベルト
20:血圧測定ユニット、21:体動測定ユニット、22:環境測定ユニット、23:制御ユニット、24:入力ユニット、25:出力ユニット、26:通信ユニット、27:記憶ユニット
30:圧力センサ、31:押圧機構、300:圧力検出素子
50:指標抽出部、51:処理部
Claims (11)
- ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形の時系列データから、血圧の変動が生じた区間である血圧変動区間のデータを取得し、前記血圧変動区間のデータから前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプを示す指標を抽出する指標抽出部と、
前記指標抽出部により抽出した前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標を出力する処理部と、
を有し、
前記指標抽出部は、前記血圧波形の時系列データから1心拍ごとの収縮期血圧の時系列データを算出し、前記収縮期血圧の時系列データにおける極大点を挟む2つの極小点の間の期間のデータを、前記血圧変動区間のデータとして抽出する
ことを特徴とする生体情報分析装置。 - 前記指標抽出部は、前記血圧変動区間のデータから血圧変動の特徴量を抽出し、前記抽出された血圧変動の特徴量の傾向を、前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標の一つとする
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記指標抽出部は、血圧変動の特徴量の傾向が異なる複数のグループが登録された分類データベースを参照し、前記血圧変動区間のデータから抽出された血圧変動の特徴量が、前記複数のグループのうちのいずれのグループの血圧変動の特徴量の傾向に合致するかを判定することにより、前記ユーザの血圧変動の特徴量の傾向を分類する
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記分類データベースをあらかじめ記憶している記憶ユニットを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記指標抽出部は、前記血圧変動区間の血圧変動が発生した要因を推定し、前記推定された要因を、前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標の一つとする
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記指標抽出部は、前記ユーザの状態を検知する第2のセンサによって、前記血圧変動区間に対応する時刻に検知された前記ユーザの状態に関する情報に基づいて、前記血圧変動区間の血圧変動が発生した要因を推定する
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記指標抽出部は、血圧変動タイプとリスク情報とが対応付けられたリスクデータベースから、前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプに対応するリスク情報を取得し、
前記処理部は、前記指標抽出部により取得した前記リスク情報を出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置。 - 前記リスクデータベースをあらかじめ記憶している記憶ユニットを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の生体情報分析装置。 - ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサと、
前記センサにより連続的に計測される血圧波形のデータを用いて、生体情報の分析を行う、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置と、
を有することを特徴とする生体情報分析システム。 - 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の生体情報分析装置の前記指標抽出部及び前記処理部としてプロセッサを機能させることを特徴とするプログラム。
- ユーザの身体に装着され、1心拍ごとの血圧波形を非侵襲的に計測可能なセンサにより連続的に計測された血圧波形の時系列データから、1心拍ごとの収縮期血圧の時系列データを算出するステップと、
前記収縮期血圧の時系列データにおける極大点を挟む2つの極小点の間の期間のデータを、血圧の変動が生じた区間である血圧変動区間のデータとして抽出するステップと、
前記血圧変動区間のデータから前記ユーザの血圧変動タイプを示す指標を抽出するステップと、
抽出した前記血圧変動タイプを示す指標を出力するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする生体情報分析方法。
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