JP6688500B2 - 導電性ペースト及び太陽電池 - Google Patents
導電性ペースト及び太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6688500B2 JP6688500B2 JP2016128676A JP2016128676A JP6688500B2 JP 6688500 B2 JP6688500 B2 JP 6688500B2 JP 2016128676 A JP2016128676 A JP 2016128676A JP 2016128676 A JP2016128676 A JP 2016128676A JP 6688500 B2 JP6688500 B2 JP 6688500B2
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- Prior art keywords
- conductive paste
- electrode
- back surface
- solar cell
- passivation film
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/004—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of particles or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
- H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
- H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
本発明の構成1は、太陽電池のパッシベーション膜上に形成される電極を形成するための導電性ペーストであって、
(A)導電性粒子、
(B)有機ビヒクル、及び
(C)Bi2O3を10〜30mol%及びSiO2を5〜30mol%含むガラスフリットを含み、
導電性粒子100重量部に対してガラスフリットを0.3〜2重量部含む、導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成2は、(A)導電性粒子の平均粒子径(D50)が、0.4〜3.0μmである、構成1の導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成3は、(B)有機ビヒクルが、エチルセルロース、ロジンエステル、アクリル及び有機溶剤から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、構成1又は2の導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成4は、(C)ガラスフリットが、B2O3を20〜40mol%、ZnOを10〜30mol%、及びAl2O3を1〜10mol%、さらに含む、構成1〜3のいずれかの導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成5は、チタンレジネート、酸化チタン、酸化コバルト、酸化セリウム、窒化ケイ素、銅マンガン錫、アルミノケイ酸塩及びケイ酸アルミニウムから選択される少なくとも1つの添加物をさらに含む、構成1〜4のいずれかの導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成6は、導電性ペーストが、裏面TAB電極形成用の導電性ペーストである、構成1〜5のいずれかに記載の導電性ペーストである。
本発明の構成7は、構成1〜6のいずれかに記載の導電性ペーストを用いて電極が形成された太陽電池である。
B2O3、ZnO及びAl2O3を含むことが好ましい。また、これらの酸化物に加え、所定量のTiO2をさらに含むことが好ましい。このような成分からなるガラスフリットを含む導電性ペーストを用いることにより、導電性ペーストの焼成の際に、パッシベーション膜に対して太陽電池特性に影響を与えるような悪影響を及ぼさずに、パッシベーション膜に対して高い接着強度を有するバスバー電極を形成することを、さらに確実にできる。
実施例及び比較例の太陽電池製造に用いた導電性ペーストの組成は、下記のとおりである。
導電性粒子として、銀粒子(100重量部)を用いた。実施例1〜15及び比較例1〜7に用いた銀粒子の形状は球状であり、平均粒子径(D50)は、表2〜4に示すものを用いた。平均粒子径(D50)は、マイクロトラック法(レーザー回折散乱法)にて粒度分布測定を行い、粒度分布測定の結果からメジアン径(D50)の値を得ることにより求めた。他の粒子の平均粒径(D50)についても同様である。なお、例えば、表2には、実施例1の銀粒子の平均粒子径(D50)が0.5〜2.5μmと記載されているが、これは、実施例1の銀粒子の平均粒子径(D50)の測定値(メジアン径、D50)が0.5〜2.5μmの範囲であったことを意味する。他の実施例及び比較例の銀粒子の平均粒子径(D50)についても同様である。
実施例及び比較例のそれぞれに、表1に示す配合のガラスフリットA〜Gを用いた。実施例1〜15及び比較例1〜7の導電性ペースト中の、導電性粒子100重量部に対するガラスフリットの添加量は、表2、表3及び表4に示すとおりである。なお、ガラスフリットの平均粒子径(D50)は2μmとした。
エチルセルロース(1重量部)。エトキシ含有量48〜49.5重量%のものを用いた。
ブチルカルビトールアセテート(11重量部)を用いた。
本発明の導電性ペーストの評価の一つとして、調製した導電性ペーストを用いて太陽電池を模擬したはんだ付け接着強度測定用基板を試作し、はんだ付け接着強度を測定した。なお、はんだ付け接着強度試験では、パッシベーション膜を含む測定用基板と電極との間の接着強度、及び金属リボンと電極との間の接着強度の両方を測定していることになるが、電極に含まれる金属粒子は銀粒子なので、金属リボンと電極との間の接着強度は比較的高い。したがって、はんだ付け接着強度の測定により、パッシベーション膜を含む測定用基板と電極との間の接着強度を評価することができる。
導電性ペーストのパッシベーション膜に対する反応性の評価を、フォトルミネッセンスイメージング法(「PL法」という。)により行った。PL法は、非破壊・非接触かつ、短時間で、導電性ペーストのパッシベーション膜に対する反応性を評価することが可能である。具体的には、PL法は、試料に対して禁制帯幅より大きいエネルギーの光を照射して発光させ、その発光の状況から、結晶中の欠陥及び表面・界面欠陥の様子を評価する方法である。試料が単結晶シリコン基板中の欠陥及び表面・界面欠陥を有する場合には、欠陥が、光を照射により発生した電子−正孔対の再結合中心として働き、これと対応してフォトルミネッセンスによるバンド端発光強度が低下する。つまり、印刷/焼成された電極によりパッシベーション膜が侵食され、パッシベーション膜と単結晶シリコン基板との界面(すなわち、単結晶シリコン基板の表面)に表面欠陥が形成された場合、表面欠陥が形成された部分(すなわち、試料に形成された電極の部分)のフォトルミネッセンスの発光強度が低下する。このフォトルミネッセンスの発光強度の強弱により、試作ペーストのパッシベーションとの反応性を評価することができる。
表1に示す配合のガラスフリットA〜Gを、表2、表3及び表4に示す添加量になるように添加した導電性ペーストを、はんだ付け接着強度測定用基板及びフォトルミネッセンスイメージング法(PL法)測定用基板の作製のために用いて、上述のような方法で、実施例1〜15及び比較例1〜7のはんだ付け接着強度測定用基板及びPL法測定用基板を作製した。なお、実施例9〜15に用いた導電性ペーストには、表2、表3及び表4に示す添加物をさらに添加した。表2、表3及び表4に、これらのはんだ付け接着強度試験及びPL法の測定結果を示す。
2 反射防止膜
4 不純物拡散層(n型不純物拡散層)
14 裏面パッシベーション膜
15 裏面電極
15a 裏面TAB電極(裏面バスバー電極)
15b 裏面電極(裏面全面電極)
16 不純物拡散層(p型不純物拡散層)
18 不純物拡散部(p型不純物拡散部)
20 光入射側電極(表面電極)
20a 光入射側バスバー電極
20b 光入射側フィンガー電極
32 銀
34 ガラスフリット
Claims (7)
- 太陽電池のパッシベーション膜上に形成される電極を形成するための導電性ペーストであって、
(A)導電性粒子、
(B)有機ビヒクル、及び
(C)Bi2O3を10〜30mol%、SiO2を5〜30mol%及びZnOを10〜30mol%含むガラスフリットを含み、
導電性粒子100重量部に対してガラスフリットを0.3〜2重量部含む、導電性ペースト。 - (A)導電性粒子の平均粒子径(D50)が、0.4〜3.0μmである、請求項1に記載の導電性ペースト。
- (B)有機ビヒクルが、エチルセルロース、ロジンエステル、アクリル及び有機溶剤から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の導電性ペースト。
- (C)ガラスフリットが、B2O3を20〜40mol%、及びAl2O3を1〜10mol%、さらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
- チタンレジネート、酸化チタン、酸化コバルト、酸化セリウム、窒化ケイ素、銅マンガン錫、アルミノケイ酸塩及びケイ酸アルミニウムから選択される少なくとも1つの添加物をさらに含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
- 導電性ペーストが、裏面TAB電極形成用の導電性ペーストである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
- (A)導電性粒子が銀粒子である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の導電性ペースト。
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KR1020197002343A KR20190022733A (ko) | 2016-06-29 | 2017-06-20 | 도전성 페이스트 및 태양 전지 |
CN201780037891.XA CN109313957B (zh) | 2016-06-29 | 2017-06-20 | 导电性糊剂及太阳能电池 |
US16/313,039 US20190194059A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2017-06-20 | Conductive paste and solar cell |
TW106120576A TWI770032B (zh) | 2016-06-29 | 2017-06-20 | 導電性膏及太陽電池 |
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US20130061918A1 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2013-03-14 | E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Process for the formation of a silver back electrode of a passivated emitter and rear contact silicon solar cell |
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US9799421B2 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2017-10-24 | Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken Llc | Thick print copper pastes for aluminum nitride substrates |
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