JP6662436B2 - 圧粉磁心の製造方法 - Google Patents
圧粉磁心の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6662436B2 JP6662436B2 JP2018214170A JP2018214170A JP6662436B2 JP 6662436 B2 JP6662436 B2 JP 6662436B2 JP 2018214170 A JP2018214170 A JP 2018214170A JP 2018214170 A JP2018214170 A JP 2018214170A JP 6662436 B2 JP6662436 B2 JP 6662436B2
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- soft magnetic
- based soft
- magnetic alloy
- alloy
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 396
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 126
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 125
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- CCDWGDHTPAJHOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylsilicon Chemical compound [Si]CC1=CC=CC=C1 CCDWGDHTPAJHOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 229910008423 Si—B Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017755 Cu-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016347 CuSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017888 Cu—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017927 Cu—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 and permendur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15308—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals based on Fe/Ni
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/08—Metallic powder characterised by particles having an amorphous microstructure
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/08—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/45—Others, including non-metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
- H01F1/26—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated by macromolecular organic substances
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
Description
これに関連する技術として、特許文献1には、第1の磁性アトマイズ粉と、それよりも小さな粒径を有する第2の磁性アトマイズ粉を用いた圧粉磁心が提案されている。第1の磁性アトマイズ粉の表面に、結着剤により第2の磁性アトマイズ粒子を被覆した複合磁性粉末を形成し、それを加圧成形することで、密度が向上し、渦電流損失が抑制された圧粉磁心を得ている。更に特許文献1の[0029]段落には、本実施の形態として、銅粉などの粉末等をさらに備えていてもよいといった記載がある。但し、銅粉などの粉末等がいかなる作用効果をもたらすものであるかについての記載はない。なお、第1及び第2の磁性アトマイズ粉は、例えば、軟磁性材料として、鉄(Fe)、鉄(Fe)−シリコン(Si)系合金、鉄(Fe)−アルミニウム(Al)系合金、鉄(Fe)−窒素(N)系合金、鉄(Fe)−ニッケル(Ni)系合金、鉄(Fe)−炭素(C)系合金、鉄(Fe)−ホウ素(B)系合金、鉄(Fe)−コバルト(Co)系合金、鉄(Fe)−リン(P)系合金、鉄(Fe)−ニッケル(Ni)−コバルト(Co)系合金および鉄(Fe)−アルミニウム(Al)−シリコン(Si)系合金などから形成されている。
しかしながら、特許文献1,2の結晶質の磁性材料の内、Fe−Al−Si合金やパーマロイ(80Ni−Fe合金)は磁歪は小さいものの飽和磁束密度が小さく、他の磁性材料は、高い飽和磁束密度を有するが、結晶構造に由来する結晶磁気異方性や磁歪によるヒステリシス損失が大きく、高飽和磁束密度と低磁心損失の両方を実現するのは容易では無い。
一方、特許文献3のようにFe基アモルファス合金を磁性材料とすれば、磁歪が大きいものの飽和磁束密度は大きく結晶磁気異方性は小さいので、応力歪を熱処理(焼鈍)によって低減することでヒステリシス損失が改善されて、高飽和磁束密度を得ながら磁心損失を低減することが出来る。
しかしながら各種電源装置の高効率化、小型化への要請が強く、それに用いる圧粉磁心においてもさらなる磁心損失の低減、強度の向上が必要とされている。
Cu粉は軟磁性材料粉よりも柔らかいため圧密化の際に塑性変形しやすく、密度・強度向上に寄与する。また、かかる塑性変形によって、軟磁性材料粉への応力も緩和される。詳細は後述するが、軟磁性材料粉の間にCu粉が分散している構成は、軟磁性材料粉を圧密化する前にCu粉を添加して、Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉の表面にFe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉とCu粉とが有機バインダーにより結着した二次粒子とする方法で実現できる。二次粒子とすれば圧密までの間に軟磁性材料粉とCu粉とは分離することが無く、加圧成形する際の粉体の流動性の改善も期待できる。
このように磁性体にFe基ナノ結晶合金を用いる場合、最終的に得られる圧粉磁心において粉砕粉がナノ結晶組織を有していればよい。したがって、粉砕または混合に供する時点では、軟磁性合金薄帯がFe基ナノ結晶合金薄帯でもよいし、Fe基ナノ結晶組織を発現するFe基合金薄帯でもよい。Fe基ナノ結晶組織を発現する合金薄帯とは、粉砕時にはアモルファス合金の状態であっても、結晶化処理を経た最終的な圧粉磁心において粉砕粉がFe基ナノ結晶組織を有しているものをいう。例えば、結晶化熱処理を粉砕後の粉砕粉に行う場合、または成形後の成形体に行う場合などが、これに該当する。
(Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉の作製)
平均厚さ25μm、幅200mmの日立金属株式会社製Metglas(登録商標)2605SA1材を用いた。該2605SA1材は、Fe−Si−B系材料のFe基アモルファス合金薄帯である。このFe基アモルファス合金薄帯を、巻回して巻径がφ200mmのスプール状態の巻き体とした。それを乾燥した大気雰囲気のオーブンで360℃、2時間加熱し、脆化させた。オーブンから取り出した巻き体を冷却後、粗粉砕、中粉砕、微粉砕を異なる粉砕機により順次行った。得られたFe基アモルファス合金薄帯の粉砕粉(以下単に粉砕粉ともいう)を目開き106μm(対角150μm)の篩に通し、篩に残った大きな粉砕粉を取り除いた。得られた粉砕粉を目開きの異なる複数の篩で分級して粒度分布を評価した。図5は粉砕粉の粒度分布図である。得られた粒度分布から算出した平均粒径(D50)は98μmであった。また、示差走査熱量測定にて得られた示差熱分析の結果を図6に示す。410℃から発熱が観察され始め、510℃と550℃で2つの発熱ピークが確認された。得られた結果から結晶化温度Txは495℃であった。また、Fe基アモルファス合金の粉砕粉を350℃〜500℃で熱処理すると、410℃以上の熱処理温度でX線回折の回折パターンにて、アモルファス組織が主体であるが合金α−Fe結晶が確認された。
前記粉砕粉5kgと、TEOS(テトラエトキシシラン、Si(OC2 H5)4)200gと、アンモニア水溶液(アンモニア含有量28〜30容量%)200gと、エタノール800gを混合し、3時間撹拌した。次に、粉砕粉を分離し、100℃のオーブンで乾燥した。乾燥後、粉砕粉の断面をSEMで観察したところ、その表面にはシリコン酸化物被膜が形成され、その厚さは80〜150nmであった。
表1に示すような粉砕粉、アトマイズ粉およびCu粉をその総量が100質量%となるように、表1に示す質量比率にて秤量した。さらに、粉砕粉、アトマイズ粉およびCu粉合計100質量%に対して、高温用バインダーとしてフェニルメチルシリコーン(旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製SILRES H44)0.66質量%、有機バインダーとしてアクリル樹脂(昭和高分子株式会社製ポリゾールAP−604)1.5質量%とを混合した後、120℃で10時間乾燥し混合粉とした。図9に混合粉の外観を示すSEM写真を示す。混合粉は粉砕粉の周囲に、アトマイズ粉およびCu粉等が有機バインダーによって結着された状態となっていた。
尚、比較のため、Cu粉を添加せずに、アトマイズ粉の添加量を変えて作製した混合粉(No1〜7)も準備した。
第1の工程により得られたそれぞれの混合粉を目開き425μmの篩を通して最大径が約600μm以下の造粒粉を得た。この造粒粉100質量%にステアリン酸亜鉛0.4質量%を混合した後、プレス機を使用して、外径14mm、内径8mm、高さ6mmのトロイダル形状になるように、室温(25℃)にて、圧力2.4GPaでプレス成形した。得られた成形体に、オーブンにて、大気雰囲気中、粉砕粉の結晶化温度Txよりも低温の420℃で、1時間の熱処理(焼鈍)を施した。
以上の工程により作製したトロイダル形状の圧粉磁心に直径0.25mmの絶縁被覆導線を用いて、一次側と二次側それぞれ29ターンの巻線を施した。岩通計測株式会社製B−HアナライザーSY−8232により、最大磁束密度50mT、周波数50kHz、最大磁束密度150mT、周波数20kHzの条件で磁心損失Pcvを測定した。また、初透磁率μiは、圧粉磁心に30ターンの巻線を施し、ヒューレット・パッカード社製HP4284Aを用い、周波数100kHzの条件で測定し、増分透磁率μΔは直流印加磁界10kA/m、周波数100kHzの条件で測定した。
σr=P(D−d)/(Id2 )
(ここで、D:コアの外径(mm)、d:コアの肉厚(mm)、I:コアの高さ(mm)である。)これらの結果を表1に示す。なお、表中*を付したNoの試料は比較例である。
前記実施例とFe基アモルファス合金の粉砕粉を同じとし、アトマイズ粉として、同じ組成で粒度分布が異なるもの(D50が6.4μm、12.3μm)、Cu粉は日本アトマイズ加工株式会社製HXR−Cu(表2中D50が4.8μm)、SFR−Cu(表2中D50が7.7μm)の球状アトマイズ粉を用いて、高温用バインダーとしてフェニルメチルシリコーン(旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製SILRES H44)1質量%、熱処理温度を425℃とし、他の条件は実施例1と同じで圧粉磁心を作製した。得られた試料の磁気特性と強度を表2に示す。
実施例3として、実施例1とFe基アモルファス合金の粉砕粉を同じとし、実施例1と組成は同じでD50が6.4μmのアトマイズ粉、非磁性材料粉はCuSn合金である日本アトマイズ加工株式会社製SF−Br9010(Cu90質量%Sn10質量% D50:4.7μm)、SF−Br8020(Cu80質量%Sn20質量% D50:5.0μm)、SF−Br7030(Cu70質量%Sn30質量% D50:5.2μm)のアトマイズ粉を用いた。高温用バインダーとしてフェニルメチルシリコーン(旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製SILRES H44)1質量%を添加し、熱処理温度は425℃とした。他の条件は実施例1と同じである。
実施例3と比較例2で得られた試料の強度と磁気特性を表3に示す。
実施例4、比較例3として、実施例1とFe基アモルファス合金の粉砕粉を同じとし、組成は実施例1と同じでD50が6.4μmのアトマイズ粉、Cu粉は日本アトマイズ加工株式会社製HXR−Cu(D50:4.8μm)の球状アトマイズ粉を用いた。高温用バインダーとしてフェニルメチルシリコーン(旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製SILRES H44)1質量%を添加し、熱処理温度は360℃〜455℃とした。他の条件は実施例1と同じである。
熱処理温度が上がるほどに圧環強度は上がるが、初透磁率μiは熱処理温度415℃をピークに、熱処理温度が上がるほどに低下した。また、磁心損失は熱処理温度425℃を底に増加した。
Fe基アモルファス合金の粉砕粉、アトマイズ粉、Cu粉の混合比を変えた。Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉は同じ粉砕粉であり、アトマイズ粉は実施例1と組成が同じでD50が6.4μmであり、Cu粉は日本アトマイズ加工株式会社製HXR−Cu(表2中のD50が4.8μm)の球状アトマイズ粉を用いた。
高温用バインダーとしてフェニルメチルシリコーン(旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製SILRES H44)1質量%とし、熱処理温度を425℃とした。他の条件は、No40を除き実施例1と同じである。No40では金型、成形前の混合粉を130℃に加温し成形を行っている。
2 Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉
3 Cu粉
Claims (7)
- Fe系軟磁性合金の板状の粉砕粉の表面に、Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉とCu粉とをバインダーにより結着した造粒粉を得る工程と、
前記造粒粉を加圧成形して成形体を得る成形工程と、
前記成形体を焼鈍して圧粉磁心を得る熱処理工程とを有し、
前記板状の粉砕粉の間にCu粉とアトマイズ粉とが分散し、バインダーで結着されることとし、
前記Cu粉は、平均粒径が2μm以上で前記Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉の厚さ以下の粒状であることを特徴とする圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉は、箔体状あるいは帯状のFe系軟磁性合金を粉砕して得られ、
Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕工程を、少なくとも粗粉砕と微粉砕との2工程に分けて行って、段階的に粒径を落とすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 箔体状あるいは帯状のFe系軟磁性合金を、巻回またはプレスして塊の状態とし、粉砕工程の前に、前記Fe系軟磁性合金の塊を解砕することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。
- 前記Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉および前記Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉の内、少なくともFe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉の表面に絶縁被膜が形成されており、
前記絶縁被膜は、酸化鉄、水酸化鉄、またはシリコン酸化物のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記絶縁被膜はシリコン酸化物であって、前記絶縁被膜の厚さは50nm以上500nm以下とすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。
- 圧粉磁心は、Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉、Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉およびCu粉の総量を100質量%として、Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉の含有量が1質量%以上20質量%以下で、Cu粉の含有量が0.1質量%以上5質量%以下で、残部がFe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。
- 前記Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉は厚さが10μmから50μmの板状であり、
前記Fe系軟磁性合金のアトマイズ粉は、平均粒径が3μm以上で前記Fe系軟磁性合金の粉砕粉の厚さの50%以下の粒状であることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。
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US10186358B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 |
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