JP6330025B2 - 染色及びサンプル処理用の方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
染色及びサンプル処理用の方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2013年3月15日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/799,152号、表題「Analysis of Particles in Fluid Samples」の利益を主張し、ここにその全体を参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は概して、粒子対比剤に関し、より具体的には、サンプル中の血球などの粒子を識別し、定量化する、全体的又は部分的に自動化された装置で使用する粒子対比剤組成物に関する。
動的光散乱又はインピーダンスを用いる自動システムは、全血球算定(CBC):総白血球数(WBC)、赤血球の総細胞容積(RBC分布)、ヘモグロビンHGB(血中ヘモグロビン量);平均赤血球容積(MCV)(赤血球の平均容積);MPV(平均PLT容積);ヘマトクリット(HCT);MCH(HGB/RBC)(赤血球当たりの平均ヘモグロビン量);及びMCHC(HGB/HCT)(細胞中ヘモグロビン平均濃度)を得るのに用いられている。自動化又は部分的自動化プロセスは、白血球の5種類の分画及び血液サンプル分析を容易にするために用いられている。
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
クリスタルバイオレット、ニューメチレンブルー、メチルグリーン、エオシンY、及びサフラニンOからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の粒子対比剤と、
界面活性剤、サポニン、四級アンモニウム塩、非イオン性界面活性剤、洗剤、及び双極性界面活性剤からなる群から選択される透過剤と、
グルタルアルデヒド及びホルムアルデヒドからなる群から選択される固定剤と、を含む、自動粒子分析システム中で撮像される血液流体サンプルを染色するための粒子対比剤組成物。
(項目2)
前記透過剤が、染色条件下で約50mg/L〜約750mg/Lの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するサポニンであり、
前記固定剤が、染色条件下で0.1%以下の濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するグルタルアルデヒドである、項目1に記載の組成物。
(項目3)
前記少なくとも1種の粒子対比剤が、クリスタルバイオレットと、ニューメチレンブルーと、エオシンYと、を含み、
前記クリスタルバイオレット対ニューメチレンブルーの比が、染色条件下で約1:90〜約1:110であり、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約3μM〜約300μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、項目2に記載の組成物。
(項目4)
前記クリスタルバイオレットが、染色条件下で約6μM〜約10μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、染色条件下で約70μM〜約2.4mMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約10μM〜約50μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、項目3に記載の組成物。
(項目5)
前記クリスタルバイオレットが、およそ純度90%以上であり、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、およそ純度70%以上であり、
前記エオシンYが、およそ純度80%以上である、項目4に記載の組成物。
(項目6)
前記クリスタルバイオレットが、染色条件下で約7.8μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、染色条件下で約735μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約27μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目7)
緩衝成分を追加的に含む、項目4に記載の組成物。
(項目8)
血液流体サンプルを項目1に記載の粒子対比剤組成物と混合して、サンプル混合液を得る工程と、
前記サンプル混合液を、約37℃〜約60℃の温度で90秒未満インキュベートする工程と、を含む、自動粒子分析システムを用いて撮像される血液流体サンプルの粒子を処理する方法。
(項目9)
前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約1:1〜約1:500のクリスタルバイオレット対ニューメチレンブルーの比をもたらすのに十分な量の、クリスタルバイオレット、ニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約50mg/L〜約750mg/Lの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量のサポニンと、
染色条件下で0.1%以下の濃度をもたらすのに十分な量のグルタルアルデヒドと、を含み、
前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を60秒未満加熱する工程を含む、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目10)
前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約6μM〜約10μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するクリスタルバイオレットと、
染色条件下で約70μM〜約2.4mMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約10μM〜約50μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するエオシンYと、を含み、
前記血液流体サンプルを粒子対比剤組成物と混合する工程が、約1:2〜約1:10の血液流体サンプル対粒子対比剤組成物の比まで混合する工程を含む、項目9に記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を46℃〜約49℃まで40〜50秒間加熱する工程を含む、項目9に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記クリスタルバイオレットが、およそ純度90%以上であり、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、およそ純度70%以上であり、
前記エオシンYが、およそ純度80%以上である、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目13)
前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約7.8μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するクリスタルバイオレットと、
染色条件下で約735μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約27μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するエオシンYと、
緩衝成分と、を含み、
前記血液流体サンプルを粒子対比剤組成物と混合する工程が、約1:3〜約1:4の血液流体サンプル対粒子対比剤組成物の比まで混合する工程を含み、
前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を約47℃まで約45秒間加熱する工程を含む、項目11に記載の方法。
本明細書に開示される組成物及び方法は、様々な異なる種類の血液学的撮像システムと共に使用できる。特に、本明細書に記載の組成物及び方法を、フローセル分析などの画像系サンプル分析で使用できる。かかるフローセル分析の例として、フローサイトメトリーの従来既知の方法を挙げることができる。加えて、本明細書に記載の組成物及び方法は、以下に簡単に説明され、同時出願の、表題「Flowcell Systems And Methods For Particle Analysis In Blood Samples」(出願番号__/___,___、2014年3月17日出願)及び「Hematology Systems and Methods」(出願番号PCT________、2014年3月17日出願)(この両方は参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる)に詳細に説明される、フローセル分析システム及び方法で有利に使用できる。
図2は、一実施形態による粒子対比剤組成物の調製の概略図である。ブロック208において、粒子対比剤202、透過剤204、及び固定剤206を合わせて、粒子対比剤組成物210を作る。一実施形態では、粒子対比剤202、透過剤204、及び固定剤206を同時に組み合わせる。別の実施形態では、任意の順序で、粒子対比剤202、透過剤204、及び固定剤206のうちの1つを、粒子対比剤202、透過剤204、及び固定剤206のうちの別の1つと組み合わせ、その後、粒子対比剤202、透過剤204、及び固定剤206のうち最後のものと組み合わせる。ブロック208での混合は、任意の順序で任意の好適な方法で実施してよい。
粒子対比剤202は、ライト染料に類似するものなど、可視的識別をもたらすことが可能な任意の対比剤であってよい。かかる対比剤の例として、アルシアンブルー及びアルシアンブルー86(PAS中性及び酸性粘液物質);アリザリンレッドS;アルラレッドAC(アゾ染料赤色染料#40);アニリンブルー(Analine Blue)(シュウ酸により強調されるシリア);オーラミンO;アズールB;アズールC;ビスマルクブラウン;ブリリアントブルーFCF(クーマシーブルー(Comassie blue));ブリリアントクレシルブルー;ブリリアントグリーン;カルミン(Carmium)(カルミン酸及びカリウムミョウバンからなる赤色核染料);コンゴレッド;クロラゾールブラック(Chlorozol black)E(核黒色、細胞灰色、グリコーゲンピンク色);酢酸クレシルバイオレット;ダローレッド;エオシンブルー;エリスロシンB(赤色染料#3);エチルエオシン;ファーストグリーンFCF(緑色染料#3);塩基性フクシン(Fuchin basic)−(核及び鞭毛);フルオレセイン−(マーキュロクロム);ギムザ−末梢血液塗抹標本;ハリスヘマトキシリン−退行性核染色;インジゴカルミン(青色染料#2);ヤーヌスグリーンB(ミトコンドリア);ジェンナー染料−(末梢血液塗抹標本);ライトグリーンSFイエローイッシュ;マクニール−(4色血液染色);マラカイトグリーン;メチルオレンジ;マルチウスイエロー;マイヤーヘマトキシリン−退行性核染色;メチルバイオレット2B;メテナミン銀−過ヨウ素酸(Peroidic acid);メチレンバイオレット;メイグリュンワルド−血液学的染色;MTT−ホルマザン染料;ムシカルミン−原発腫瘍染色;ニュートラルレッド;ニグロシン;ナイルブルーA;ヌクレアファーストレッドC.I.60760;ナフトール(Napthal)AS;ニトロブルーテトラゾリウム−ファーストホルマザン染料;オレンジG;オレンジII;オルセイン;パパニコロー染料EAS−ブリリアント細胞質染色;パラローズアニリン;パラローズアナリン(Pararosanaline);過ヨウ素酸シッフ−(PAS、特定の炭水化物染色);フロキシン(Phyloxine)B;プロタルゴールS;ピロニンB;ピロニンY;レスズリン;ロマノフスキー−ギムザ;ローズベンガル;サフラニンO;スダンブラックB;スダンIII−(α−ナフトール(napthol)と共に骨髄顆粒を染色する);スダンIV−トリグリセリドを染色する;タルトラジン−(アゾ染料黄色#5);チオニン−メタクロマチンを染色する;トリフェニルテトラゾリウム;TTC−ホルマザン赤色染料;トルイジンブルーO;ライト染料−(従来の血液塗抹標本用固定剤、緩衝剤、及び染料);並びにライトギムザが挙げられる。
いくつかの実施形態では、透過剤204は界面活性剤を含んでよい。いくつかの実施形態では、透過剤204はサポニンを含んでよい。代替の実施形態では、透過剤204は、四級アンモニウム塩、非イオン性界面活性剤、及び双極性界面活性剤のうち少なくとも1つを含んでよい。透過剤は、細胞内含有物質への粒子対比剤202の到達性を改善するため、細胞の透過性を変えることができる。透過剤を選択し、迅速一段階染色法を可能にするのに十分な量で含めてよい。
いくつかの実施形態では、染色及び撮像中に白血球が確実に分解しないように、固定剤206を選択してよい。いくつかの実施形態では、固定剤206は、確実に他の細胞及び細胞構造を分解しないようにしてよい。固定剤の例として、グルタルアルデヒド(glutaraldyde);ホルムアルデヒド;架橋剤;等張生理食塩水中ピクリン酸アンモニア(例えば、メチレンブルー染色向け);エチルアルコール;メタノール(例えば、室温、−20℃、又は−70℃で);ハイデンハインSusa−HgCl2、NaCl、トリクロロ酢酸、ホルマリン;ブアン液−ピクリン酸、ホルマリン、酢酸;Duboseq−Brazil−80% EtOHを加えたブアン;カルノア液−EtOH、クロロホルム、酢酸;ツェンカー液−HgCl2、K2CrO7、NaSO4・H2O;酢酸カーミン;Gatensby液−クロム酸、四酸化オスミウム、NaCl;Baker液−ホルマリン、CaCl2;Smith液−K2Cr2O7、ホルマリン、酢酸;1%メチルグリーン、1%酢酸;フェノール、ホルマリン、グリセロール、ゲンチアナバイオレット(Genetian violet);シャウディン液−HgCl2、EtOH、酢酸;シャンピー液−クロム酸、K2CrO7、OsO4;Fleming液−クロム酸(Cromic acid)、OsO4、酢酸;ホルモル−銀−ホルムアルデヒド、AgNO3;Streck組織固定液−ブロノポール、ジアゾリジニル尿素、ZnSO4 ・7H2O、クエン酸ナトリウム;PBS中1%イミダゾリジニル(imidazolidnyl)尿素;グリオキサール;Glyofix、Prefer、Safefix、Histochoice;グライダント−ヒダントイン;ジメチロール尿素;ヒドロキシメチルグリシネートナトリウム;Karnovsky液;塩化第二水銀(Mecuric chloride)(B−5);Hollande液;及びその他のものを挙げてよい。加えて、好適な代表的な固定剤は、任意の以下のものを単独で又は組み合わせて含んでよい。
いくつかの実施形態では、ブロック208において、任意の追加の構成成分212を粒子対比剤組成物210内に任意に混合できる。追加の構成成分212の例として、緩衝成分、粘度調整剤、抗菌剤、浸透圧調整剤、イオン強度調整剤、界面活性剤、キレート剤、及びその他のものが挙げてよい。いくつかの実施形態では、粒子対比剤組成物210がリン酸緩衝生理食塩水を含むとき、驚くほどに効果的な結果を得ることができる。
図3は、一実施形態による迅速一段階染色プロセス300のフローチャートである。迅速一段階染色プロセス300はいくつかの下位工程を含むことができるが、用語「一段階」は、染色手順中に、サンプルを複数の異なる溶液に入れる必要がないことを区別するために用いられる。図2を参照して上述したように、粒子対比剤組成物210はブロック302で調製される。所望により、いくつかの実施形態では、任意の粒子対比剤202などの構成成分を、ブロック306で精製してよい。粒子対比剤202を精製することで、サンプルと接すると形成される沈殿物のレベルを抑えることができ、それによって、バックグラウンドを低下し、画像又はスライド(つまり、手作業で調製された顕微鏡用試料)を更に確認する必要を少なくして、画像系血液サンプル分析の結果を改善する。
以下の実施例を参照して説明するように、多くの染色組成物及び方法を試験し、変更して、先に開示された実施形態を得た。
Claims (13)
- クリスタルバイオレット、ニューメチレンブルー、メチルグリーン、エオシンY、及びサフラニンOからなる群から選択される少なくとも2種の粒子対比剤と、
界面活性剤、サポニン、四級アンモニウム塩、非イオン性界面活性剤、洗剤、及び双極性界面活性剤からなる群から選択される透過剤であって、染色条件下で約50mg/L〜約750mg/Lの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、透過剤と、
グルタルアルデヒド及びホルムアルデヒドからなる群から選択される固定剤と、を含む、自動粒子分析システム中で撮像される血液流体サンプルを染色するための粒子対比剤組成物。 - 前記透過剤がサポニンであり、
前記固定剤が、染色条件下で0.1%以下の濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するグルタルアルデヒドである、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記少なくとも1種の粒子対比剤が、クリスタルバイオレットと、ニューメチレンブルーと、エオシンYと、を含み、
前記クリスタルバイオレット対ニューメチレンブルーの比が、染色条件下で約1:90〜約1:110であり、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約3μM〜約300μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、請求項2に記載の組成物。 - 前記クリスタルバイオレットが、染色条件下で約6μM〜約10μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、染色条件下で約70μM〜約2.4mMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約10μM〜約50μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、請求項3に記載の組成物。 - 前記クリスタルバイオレットが、およそ純度90%以上であり、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、およそ純度70%以上であり、
前記エオシンYが、およそ純度80%以上である、請求項4に記載の組成物。 - 前記クリスタルバイオレットが、染色条件下で約7.8μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、染色条件下で約735μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在し、
前記エオシンYが、染色条件下で約27μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在する、請求項5に記載の組成物。 - 緩衝成分を追加的に含む、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 血液流体サンプルを粒子対比剤組成物と混合して、サンプル混合液を得る工程と、
前記サンプル混合液を、約37℃〜約60℃の温度で90秒未満インキュベートする工程と、を含む、自動粒子分析システムを用いて撮像される血液流体サンプルの粒子を処理する方法であって、
前記粒子対比剤組成物は、
クリスタルバイオレット、ニューメチレンブルー、メチルグリーン、エオシンY、及びサフラニンOからなる群から選択される少なくとも2種の粒子対比剤と、
界面活性剤、サポニン、四級アンモニウム塩、非イオン性界面活性剤、洗剤、及び双極性界面活性剤からなる群から選択される透過剤と、
グルタルアルデヒド及びホルムアルデヒドからなる群から選択される固定剤と、を含む、方法。 - 前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約1:1〜約1:500のクリスタルバイオレット対ニューメチレンブルーの比をもたらすのに十分な量の、クリスタルバイオレット、ニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約50mg/L〜約750mg/Lの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量のサポニンと、
染色条件下で0.1%以下の濃度をもたらすのに十分な量のグルタルアルデヒドと、を含み、
前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を60秒未満加熱する工程を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約6μM〜約10μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するクリスタルバイオレットと、
染色条件下で約70μM〜約2.4mMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約10μM〜約50μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するエオシンYと、を含み、
前記血液流体サンプルを粒子対比剤組成物と混合する工程が、約1:2〜約1:10の血液流体サンプル対粒子対比剤組成物の比まで混合する工程を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。 - 前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を46℃〜約49℃まで40〜50秒間加熱する工程を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記クリスタルバイオレットが、およそ純度90%以上であり、
前記ニューメチレンブルーが、およそ純度70%以上であり、
前記エオシンYが、およそ純度80%以上である、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記粒子対比剤組成物が、
染色条件下で約7.8μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するクリスタルバイオレットと、
染色条件下で約735μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するニューメチレンブルーと、
染色条件下で約27μMの濃度をもたらすのに十分な量で存在するエオシンYと、
緩衝成分と、を含み、
前記血液流体サンプルを粒子対比剤組成物と混合する工程が、約1:3〜約1:4の血液流体サンプル対粒子対比剤組成物の比まで混合する工程を含み、
前記サンプル混合液をインキュベートする工程が、前記サンプル混合液を約47℃まで約45秒間加熱する工程を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
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