JP6233063B2 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6233063B2 JP6233063B2 JP2014017247A JP2014017247A JP6233063B2 JP 6233063 B2 JP6233063 B2 JP 6233063B2 JP 2014017247 A JP2014017247 A JP 2014017247A JP 2014017247 A JP2014017247 A JP 2014017247A JP 6233063 B2 JP6233063 B2 JP 6233063B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- control
- braking force
- vehicle
- regenerative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/58—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration responsive to speed and another condition or to plural speed conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
- B60L3/0015—Prevention of collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
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- B60L3/10—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip
- B60L3/102—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip of individual wheels
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- B60L3/10—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip
- B60L3/106—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip for maintaining or recovering the adhesion of the drive wheels
- B60L3/108—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip for maintaining or recovering the adhesion of the drive wheels whilst braking, i.e. ABS
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
- B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
- B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
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- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
- B60T7/22—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle, or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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- B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
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- B60W30/18109—Braking
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Description
図1は、実施の形態に係る車両の主要な構成を示すブロック図である。図1を参照して、本実施の形態に係る車両10は、運転者に操作されるブレーキペダル341(ブレーキ操作部)と、摩擦ブレーキ358と、モータジェネレータMG2を使用する回生ブレーキと、摩擦ブレーキと回生ブレーキとを用いて車両10に生じる総制動力を制御する制御部20とを備える。制御部20は、ブレーキペダル341の操作量に基づいて車両の制動を行なう通常ブレーキ制御と、自動で車両の制動を行なう自動ブレーキ制御とを実行する。制御部20は、ブレーキペダル341の操作が行なわれていない場合に自動ブレーキ制御を開始するときには、通常ブレーキ制御を行なう場合と比較して、総制動力に占める回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合が小さくなるように制御を実行する。
(車両10の詳細な構成)
以下の実施の形態では車両がハイブリッド車両である例について説明するが、車両は、ハイブリッド車両、電気自動車、燃料電池自動車のいずれであっても良い。
図3は、通常時(自動ブレーキOFF時)のブレーキ制御の動作波形図である。図1、図3を参照して、運転サポートECU330が自動ブレーキの要求を行なわない場合を説明する。時刻t1において、運転者がブレーキペダル341を踏み込み開始したことに応じて、ブレーキペダルストロークセンサ342からブレーキECU340に操作量が入力される。操作量がゼロから増加したので、ドライバブレーキ要求がOFFからONに変化する。
図1、図5を参照して、運転サポートECU330が自動ブレーキの要求として減速要求を出力した場合を説明する。時刻t21において、運転サポートECU330が追従している先行車両の減速を検出すると、ブレーキECU340に減速要求を出力する。ブレーキECU340は、時刻t11において減速要求がOFFからONに変化したことを検出する。
1)摩擦制動力を増加させる速度はブレーキアクチュエータ350(たとえば、油圧制御を行なうソレノイドバルブ)の能力に依存する。ある傾斜でしか立ち上げることができない。性能の良いアクチュエータをこのためだけに採用することはコスト高になる。
Claims (7)
- 運転者に操作されるブレーキ操作部と、
摩擦ブレーキと、
回生ブレーキと、
前記摩擦ブレーキと前記回生ブレーキとを用いて車両に生じる総制動力を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記ブレーキ操作部の操作量に基づいて前記車両の制動を行なう通常ブレーキ制御と、自動で前記車両の制動を行なう自動ブレーキ制御とを実行し、
前記制御部は、前記ブレーキ操作部の操作が行なわれていない場合に前記自動ブレーキ制御を開始するときには、前記通常ブレーキ制御を開始する場合と比較して、前記総制動力に占める前記回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合が小さくなるように制御を実行する、車両。 - 前記自動ブレーキ制御は、
前記車両の停止要求によって開始される停止制御と、
前記車両の減速要求によって開始される減速制御とを含み、
前記制御部は、前記自動ブレーキ制御において前記減速制御を行なう場合には、前記回生ブレーキと前記摩擦ブレーキとの両方を使用して前記総制動力を発生させ、前記自動ブレーキ制御において前記停止制御を行なう場合には、前記総制動力に占める前記回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合をゼロに設定する、請求項1に記載の車両。 - 前記制御部は、
前記自動ブレーキ制御において前記停止要求を発生させる判断ユニットと、
前記ブレーキ操作部の操作量を検出して前記通常ブレーキ制御時の要求制動力を算出するとともに前記摩擦ブレーキを制御するブレーキ制御ユニットと、
前記ブレーキ制御ユニットからの指示に応じて前記回生ブレーキで発生する制動力を前記ブレーキ制御ユニットに返信する回生制御ユニットとを含み、
前記ブレーキ制御ユニットは、前記判断ユニットから前記停止要求を受けた場合には、前記回生制御ユニットからの返信にかかわらず前記摩擦ブレーキを作動させる、請求項2に記載の車両。 - 前記制御部は、先行車両追従走行中に前記先行車両が減速したことを検出した場合には、前記減速要求を発生し、衝突可能性がある被衝突体を検出した場合には前記停止要求を発生する、請求項2に記載の車両。
- 運転者に操作されるブレーキ操作部と、
摩擦ブレーキと、
回生ブレーキと、
前記摩擦ブレーキと前記回生ブレーキとを用いて車両に生じる総制動力を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記ブレーキ操作部の操作量に基づいて前記車両の制動を行なう通常ブレーキ制御と、自動で前記車両の制動を行なう自動ブレーキ制御とを実行し、
前記制御部は、前記自動ブレーキ制御において先行車両追従走行中に前記先行車両が減速したことを検出した場合には、前記回生ブレーキと前記摩擦ブレーキとの両方を使用して前記総制動力を発生させ、前記通常ブレーキ制御を開始する場合と比較して、前記総制動力に占める前記回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合が小さくなるように制御を実行する、車両。 - 運転者に操作されるブレーキ操作部と、
摩擦ブレーキと、
回生ブレーキと、
前記摩擦ブレーキと前記回生ブレーキとを用いて車両に生じる総制動力を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記ブレーキ操作部の操作量に基づいて前記車両の制動を行なう通常ブレーキ制御と、自動で前記車両の制動を行なう自動ブレーキ制御とを実行し、
前記制御部は、前記自動ブレーキ制御において先行車両追従走行中に前記先行車両が減速したことを検出した場合には、前記回生ブレーキと前記摩擦ブレーキとの両方を使用して前記総制動力を発生させ、前記自動ブレーキ制御において衝突可能性がある被衝突体を検出した場合には、前記総制動力に占める前記回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合をゼロに設定する、車両。 - 前記制御部は、前記自動ブレーキ制御において前記先行車両追従走行中に前記先行車両が減速したことを検出した場合には、前記通常ブレーキ制御を開始する場合と比較して、前記総制動力に占める前記回生ブレーキによる制動力の割合が小さくなるように制御を実行する、請求項6に記載の車両。
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US15/115,399 US10065506B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-12 | Hybrid brake control |
PCT/IB2015/000014 WO2015114430A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-12 | Vehicle |
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US10384546B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2019-08-20 | Ge Global Sourcing Llc | System and method for controlling a vehicle |
JP2015143039A (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両 |
DE102014210559A1 (de) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Steuervorrichtung für ein rekuperatives Bremssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines rekuperativen Bremssystems |
JP6332181B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-05-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の制御装置 |
DE102015217388A1 (de) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines innerhalb eines Parkplatzes fahrerlos fahrenden Kraftfahrzeugs |
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