JP6019126B2 - 有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物およびその医療用途 - Google Patents
有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物およびその医療用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6019126B2 JP6019126B2 JP2014534558A JP2014534558A JP6019126B2 JP 6019126 B2 JP6019126 B2 JP 6019126B2 JP 2014534558 A JP2014534558 A JP 2014534558A JP 2014534558 A JP2014534558 A JP 2014534558A JP 6019126 B2 JP6019126 B2 JP 6019126B2
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Description
本願は、2011年10月7日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/544,378号明細書の利益および優先権を主張し、その内容は参照により本明細書に援用される。
本発明の理解を容易にするために、多数の用語および語句を下記に定義する。
本発明の一態様は、本明細書に記載の方法、組成物、およびキットに使用される有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物を提供する。ある特定の実施形態では、有機ニトロ化合物は、式I:
A1は、Nまたは−C(R5)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
n、p、およびtは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
mおよびxはそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
に包含される化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物である。
A1は、NまたはC(H)であり;
R1は、出現毎に独立して水素またはメチルを表し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−NH2、−N(H)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、または−N(H)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)(NH2)−CO2Hであり;X2は、−CO2H、−CO2−C1〜C5アルキル、または−C(O)N(H)CH2CO2Hであり;
pは、出現毎に独立して1または2である)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物である。
A1は、NまたはC(H)であり;
R1は、出現毎に独立して水素またはメチルを表し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−NH2、−N(H)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、または−N(H)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)(NH2)−CO2Hであり;X2は、−CO2H、−CO2−C1〜C5アルキル、または−C(O)N(H)CH2CO2Hであり;
pは、出現毎に独立して1または2である)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物である。
A1は、−N(R5)−または−C(R2)(R3)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルまたはC3〜C7シクロアルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C5アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
tおよびvは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
xは、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
に包含される化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物である。
本発明は、本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物および医薬組成物を使用して、癌などの様々な医学的障害を治療する方法を提供する。治療方法は、単独化学療法剤として、放射線増感剤として、および/または別の治療剤との併用療法の一部として、本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物を使用することを含む。特定の理論に拘泥することを望むものではないが、本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物は、癌細胞に対して細胞毒性を示す反応性フリーラジカルを放出し得ることが理解される。
本発明の一態様は、患者の癌を治療する方法を提供する。本方法は、それを必要とする患者に式Iもしくは式IIの化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物などの本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物を治療有効量投与することを含み、前述のように、式Iは:
A1は、Nまたは−C(R5)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
n、p、およびtは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
mおよびxはそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
で表され、
式IIは:
A1は、−N(R5)−または−C(R2)(R3)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルまたはC3〜C7シクロアルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C5アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
tおよびvは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
xは、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
で表される。
前述のように、本発明は、本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物(式I、式II、または式IAの化合物など)および第2の薬剤を、これらの治療剤の相互作用による有益な効果を提供することを目的とした特定の治療計画の一部として投与することを含む併用療法を包含する。併用の有益な効果としては、治療剤の併用により得られる薬物動態学的または薬力学的相互作用を挙げることができる。これらの治療剤の併用投与は、典型的には、所定の期間(例えば、選択される併用に応じて数時間または数日)にわたり行われる。併用療法は、これらの治療剤の2つ以上を別個の単独療法投与計画の一部として投与することを含み得、これは本発明の併用となる。併用療法はまた、これらの治療剤を順次投与すること、即ち、各治療剤を異なる時間に投与すること、ならびに、これらの治療剤または治療剤の少なくとも2つを実質的に同時に投与することも含む。実質的同時投与は、例えば、各治療剤を一定比で有する1種類のカプセルを対象に投与すること、または各治療剤につき1種類のカプセルで複数個対象に投与することにより達成することができる。各治療剤の順次投与または実質的同時投与は、経口経路、静脈経路、筋肉内経路、および粘膜組織を通した直接吸収を含む任意の適切な経路で実施することができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明は、医薬用担体と、式Iもしくは式IIの化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物などの本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物とを含む医薬組成物を提供し、前述のように、式Iは:
A1は、Nまたは−C(R5)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
n、p、およびtは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
mおよびxはそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
で表され、
式IIは:
A1は、−N(R5)−または−C(R2)(R3)−であり;
A2は、−C(O)−または−(C(R6)2)xC(O)(C(R6)2)x−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルまたはC3〜C7シクロアルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R2とR3は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって炭素環を形成し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−アリール、−N(R7)C(O)−アラルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C5アルキルであり;
R6は、出現毎に独立してC1〜C5アルキル、C1〜C5ハロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素もしくはC1〜C5アルキルを表すか;または、R7とR8は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって3〜7員の複素環を形成し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、アリール、またはアラルキルを表し;
tおよびvは、独立して1、2、または3であり;
xは、出現毎に独立して0、1、2、または3を表す)
で表される。
本発明の別の態様は、障害を治療するためのキットを提供する。キットは:i)脳癌、膀胱癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮体癌、食道癌、白血病、肺癌、肝臓癌、黒色腫、卵巣癌、膵臓癌、前立腺癌、直腸癌、腎癌、胃癌、精巣癌、および子宮癌からなる群から選択される癌などの癌を治療するための使用説明書;およびii)式Iまたは式IIの化合物などの本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物;を含む。キットは、式Iまたは式IIの化合物などの本明細書に記載の有機ニトロチオエーテル化合物を前記癌の治療に有効な量含有する1つ以上の単位剤形を含んでもよい。
治療組成物:
治療組成物は、化合物1を水/DMSO担体に溶解したものであった。治療組成物は、化合物1、2.3mgを、DMSO、0.1mLに溶解し、得られた溶液を水1.9mLと混合し、化合物1を1.15mg/mL含有する溶液を得ることにより調製した。治療組成物中のジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)の濃度は5%であった。
雄性C3HマウスはCharles River Laboratoriesから入手し、特定病原体除去条件下に維持した。マウスは、ケージ当たり動物が5匹となるように飼育され、加圧滅菌された食餌および水を自由摂取させた。ケージは、温度、華氏65±2度、湿度50%±5%、および12時間の明暗サイクルを有する室内に配置した。腫瘍細胞接種時に、マウスは7〜8週齢、体重22〜25グラムの範囲であった。
腫瘍体積=π/6×長さ×幅2
治療組成物を投与したマウスの腫瘍は、治療組成物を投与しなかった(即ち、対照)マウスの腫瘍より小さかった。処置マウスと無処置(対照)マウスの腫瘍体積を示す実験データを図1に記載する。
化合物1を健常ラットに投与し、ラットの化合物1による毒性副作用のエビデンスを評価した。実験手順および結果を下記に記載する。結果から、化合物1を投与したラットに顕著な毒性が認められなかったことが分かる。
雄性ラット各3匹からなる2群にそれぞれ、0.9%生理食塩水に加えて調製した化合物1を100mg/kgまたは300mg/kgの用量で投与した。ラット3匹からなる第3群には生理食塩水だけを投与した。用量は大腿静脈から送達した。100mg/kgの用量は、10mg/mL溶液を使用して、投与量10mL/kgおよび注入速度15mL/時間で送達した。300mg/kgの用量は、20mg/mL溶液を使用して、投与量15mL/kgおよび注入速度15mL/時間で送達した。動物を24時間監視して、剖検を行い(そして、胸膜腔と腹腔を大まかに観察し)、微視的評価を行うことができるように肺を回収した。
化合物1を100mg/kgの用量で投与したラットには、顕著な臨床所見は認められなかった。化合物1を300mg/kgの用量で投与したラットには、投与後最初の3時間、蒼白が認められた。化合物1を投与したラットの肺には大きな変化はなかった。化合物1を投与した大部分のラットには腎臓に斑点(mottled kidneys)が認められたが、化合物1の毒性を判断するためにこの所見が重要性を有するかどうか判定するには、更なる評価を必要とするであろう。
本明細書で参照する特許文献および科学論文はそれぞれ、その開示内容全体があらゆる目的で参照により援用される。
本発明の精神または本質的特徴から逸脱することなく他の特定の形態でも本発明を具体化することができる。従って、前述の実施形態は、本明細書に記載の本発明を限定するものではなく、あらゆる点で本発明を説明するものと見なされるべきである。従って、本発明の範囲は、前述の詳細な説明ではなく添付の特許請求の範囲により示され、特許請求の範囲の均等物の意味および範囲に入る全ての変更はそれに包含されるものとする。
Claims (22)
- 薬学的に許容される担体と、式I:
A1は、Nであり;
A2は、−C(O)−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素またはC1〜C5アルキルを表し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素またはC1〜C5アルキルを表し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、またはC3〜C7シクロアルキルを表し;
nは、2であり;
mは、0、1、または2であり;
pおよびtは、独立して1、2、または3である)
で示される有機ニトロ化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物とを含む医薬組成物。 - R2およびR3が水素である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- mが0である、請求項1また2に記載の医薬組成物。
- tが1である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- R4が、−CH2C(H)(X1)X2である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- X1が、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]CO2R9である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- X1が、−NH2、−N(H)C(O)CH3、または−N(H)C(O)CH2CH2C(H)(NH2)−CO2Hであり;X2が、−CO2H、−CO2Me、または−C(O)N(H)CH2CO2Hである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- X1が、−NH2または−N(H)C(O)CH2CH2C(H)(NH2)−CO2Hであり;X2が、−CO2Hまたは−C(O)N(H)CH2CO2Hである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 式I:
A1は、Nであり;
A2は、−C(O)−であり;
R1は、C1〜C5アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素またはC1〜C5アルキルを表し;
R4は、1つのX1基と1つのX2基とで置換されているC1〜C5アルキルであり;ここで、X1は、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、−N(R7)C(O)−C3〜C7シクロアルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9であり;X2は、−CO2R10または−C(O)N(R7)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−CO2R10であり;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、出現毎に独立して水素またはC1〜C5アルキルを表し;
R9およびR10はそれぞれ、独立して水素、C1〜C5アルキル、またはC3〜C7シクロアルキルを表し;
nは、2であり;
mは、0、1、または2であり;
pおよびtは、独立して1、2、または3である)
で示される単離された化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物。 - R2およびR3が水素である、請求項13に記載の単離された化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物。
- mが0であり;
nが2であり;および
tが1である、請求項13または14に記載の単離された化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物。 - R4が−CH2C(H)(X1)X2である、請求項13〜15のいずれか一項に記載の単離された化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物。
- X1が、−N(R7)(R8)、−N(R7)C(O)−C1〜C5アルキル、または−N(R7)C(O)−(C1〜C5アルキレン)−C(H)[N(R7)(R8)]−CO2R9である、請求項13〜16のいずれか一項に記載の単離された化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは溶媒和物。
- 癌を治療するための請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記癌が固形腫瘍である、請求項19に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記癌が、脳癌、膀胱癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮体癌、食道癌、白血病、肺癌、肝臓癌、黒色腫、卵巣癌、膵臓癌、前立腺癌、直腸癌、腎癌、胃癌、精巣癌、または子宮癌である、請求項19に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記治療が、癌に放射線を照射することをさらに含む、請求項19〜21のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
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