JP5809260B2 - リチウム混合金属酸化物の製造方法とそのカソード材料としての使用法 - Google Patents
リチウム混合金属酸化物の製造方法とそのカソード材料としての使用法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5809260B2 JP5809260B2 JP2013516024A JP2013516024A JP5809260B2 JP 5809260 B2 JP5809260 B2 JP 5809260B2 JP 2013516024 A JP2013516024 A JP 2013516024A JP 2013516024 A JP2013516024 A JP 2013516024A JP 5809260 B2 JP5809260 B2 JP 5809260B2
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229910001317 nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910016363 Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUGJCTWFEQBYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N S(O)(O)(=S)=O.[I] Chemical compound S(O)(O)(=S)=O.[I] RUGJCTWFEQBYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021518 metal oxyhydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004786 P-Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004796 P—Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical class [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/08—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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- C01P2006/10—Solid density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
a)少なくとも一種の遷移金属化合物と少なくとも一種のリチウム塩(L)を含む混合物(A)を連続混合しながら酸素の存在下で熱処理(ただし、リチウム塩(L)はこの熱処理の間に溶融しない)して、
実質的にリチウム含有混合金属水酸化物とリチウム含有混合金属酸化物水酸化物を含み、マンガンとコバルトとニッケルが比率(1−a−b):a:b(式中、0≦a≦0.5、0.1≦b≦0.8)で含まれ、全てのイオンのマンガンとコバルトとニッケルの平均の酸化状態が少なくとも4−1.75a−1.75bである中間体(B)混合物を製造し
b)無混合で酸素の存在下で中間体(B)の熱処理を行う方法で達成される。
0≦a≦0.5
0.1≦b≦0.8
0≦y≦0.05
−0.1x≦z<0.1x
0≦z’<0.04、
Mは、NaとK、Ca、Zn、Mg、Al、Zr、Tiからなる群から選ばれる一種以上の金属であり、
Rは、フッ素と水素からなる群から選ばれる一種以上の元素である)の化合物である。
Li1+xNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2+x(a=0.33;b=0.33)の製造
Claims (11)
- 金属原子としてリチウムとマンガンとコバルトとニッケルを含み、遷移金属全体に対するリチウムの化学量論比が1を越えるリチウム混合金属酸化物の製造方法であって、
a)少なくとも一種の遷移金属化合物と少なくとも一種のリチウム塩(L)を含む混合物(A)を連続混合しながら酸素の存在下で熱処理(ただし、リチウム塩(L)はこの熱処理の間に溶融しない)して、
リチウム含有混合金属水酸化物とリチウム含有混合金属酸化物水酸化物を含み、
マンガンとコバルトとニッケルが比率(1−a−b):a:b(式中、0.1≦a≦0.4、0.2≦b≦0.6)で含まれ、全てのイオンのマンガンとコバルトとニッケルの平均の酸化状態が少なくとも4−1.75a−1.75bである中間体(B)混合物を製造しb)無混合で酸素の存在下で中間体(B)の熱処理を行う方法。 - 中間体(B)の熱処理がトンネルキルン及び/又はチャンバー炉中で行われる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 中間体(B)の熱処理が、酸素含有ガス流を、材料の主たる移動方向に対して直角にまたは逆向きに導入しながら行われる請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 混合物(A)の熱処理が回転チューブ炉及び/又は回転バルブ炉中で行われる請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 混合物(A)の熱処理が、酸素含有ガス流を材料の主たる移動方向と同方向に導入しながら行われる請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- リチウム塩(L)が水酸化リチウムである請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- リチウム塩(L)が炭酸リチウムである請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 混合物(A)が、水と、少なくとも一種のリチウム塩(L)と、少なくとも一種の遷移金属化合物と、を含み、少なくともこのリチウム塩(L)を完全に溶解させた懸濁液の噴霧乾燥を含む方法で得られる請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 混合物(A)が、少なくとも一種のリチウム塩(L)を少なくとも一種の遷移金属化合物と混合して出発混合物を与え、次いでこのようにして製造された出発混合物に水を加えることを含む方法で得られる請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 金属原子としてリチウムとマンガンとコバルトとニッケルを含み遷移金属全体に対するリチウムの化学量論比が1を越えるリチウム混合金属酸化物の二段製造の制御方法であって、制御パラメーター(P)が、リチウム含有混合金属水酸化物とリチえウム含有混合金属酸化物水酸化物を含み、また金属のマンガンとコバルトとニッケルを(1−a−b):a:bで含む混合物で、酸素存在下で連続混合を伴う熱処理(ただし、リチウム塩(L)はこの熱処理の間に溶融しない)で得られるものの、マンガンとコバルトとニッケルの全イオンの平均の酸化状態であり、(P)の閾値である4−1.75a−1.75bの超過が酸素存在下で無混合の熱処理への変更を行う時点を決め、0.1≦a≦0.4、0.2≦b≦0.6である方法。
- 請求項1〜10の少なくとも一項に記載の方法で製造した、金属原子としてリチウムとマンガンとコバルトとニッケルを含み遷移金属全体に対するリチウムの化学量論比が1を越えるリチウム混合金属酸化物の、リチウムイオン電池用カソード材料としての使用法。
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