JP5703023B2 - 低クリープ性の耐火セラミックおよび製造方法 - Google Patents
低クリープ性の耐火セラミックおよび製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5703023B2 JP5703023B2 JP2010532057A JP2010532057A JP5703023B2 JP 5703023 B2 JP5703023 B2 JP 5703023B2 JP 2010532057 A JP2010532057 A JP 2010532057A JP 2010532057 A JP2010532057 A JP 2010532057A JP 5703023 B2 JP5703023 B2 JP 5703023B2
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- sintering aid
- zircon
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 68
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 39
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910006501 ZrSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011234 nano-particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003283 slot draw process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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Description
「随意的な」または「随意的に」は、実質的に開示される事象または状況が生じても生じなくてもよく、その説明は、事象または状況が生じる場合、および生じない場合の両方を含むことを意味する。例えば「随意的な成分」という語句は、その成分が存在しても存在しなくてもよく、その説明は、その成分を含む本発明の態様と、除外する態様の両方を含むことを意味する。
本発明の焼結助剤は、セラミック組成物における焼結助剤としての使用に適した任意の材料でありうる。さまざまな態様では、焼結助剤は、液体、ナノ粒子ゾル、またはそれらの組合せの形態でありうる。1つの態様では、焼結助剤は液体の形態でありうる。特定の態様では、焼結助剤は液体の形態であり、ここで溶質は、実質的にまたは完全に溶媒に溶解されており、ここで液体は溶けていない固体を全くまたは実質的に全く含まない。液体の焼結助剤は、溶媒に溶解した、または実質的に溶解した個々の焼結助剤を1種類以上含みうる。1つの態様では、液体の焼結助剤は1つ以上の溶媒に溶解した単一の焼結助剤を含む。別の態様では、焼結助剤は1つ以上の溶媒に溶解した、2種類の個々の焼結助剤を含む。
本発明のセラミック組成物は、ジルコン粉末および本明細書に記載される任意の1種類以上の焼結助剤を含みうる。本発明のジルコン粉末は、例えば、セラミック組成物、耐火セラミック体、および/または、アイソパイプなどの焼成セラミック体の調製における使用に適した任意のジルコン材料でありうる。ジルコン粉末は、少なくとも約95重量%のジルコン(ZrSiO4)および随意的に他の助剤および/または不純物を含みうる。1つの態様では、焼結助剤は、例えば、セラミック組成物でできたアイソパイプと接触するガラス製品に悪影響を与えうる化学種を含まないか、または実質的に含まない。これらの悪影響を与える化学種としては、例えば、Cl-1、F-1、P-1、N-5、S-2、Na+、K+などのイオン、またはそれらの組合せを含みうる。好ましい態様では、ジルコン粉末はZrSiO4のみを含む。ジルコン材料は製造してもよく、あるいは市販品を購入することもできる(Ferro Corporation社(米国ニューヨーク州ペンヤン所在))。
本発明のセラミック組成物は、さまざまな態様において、ジルコン粉末を液体および/またはゾル焼結助剤と接触および/または混合することにより調製されうる。他の態様では、同一または異なる粒径分布を有する1つ以上のジルコン粉末を、1種類以上の液体および/またはゾル焼結助剤と接触させることができる。ジルコン粉末と焼結助剤を混合する方法はさまざまであってよく、焼結助剤をジルコン粉末上にコーティングおよび/または実質的に均一に分散させることができる任意の適切な方法でありうる。1つの態様では、接触方法は、焼結助剤を均一に分散してジルコン粉末粒子のそれぞれの表面にコーティングを提供する。別の態様では、接触方法は、ボールミル粉砕の工程を含んでもよく、ここでジルコン粉末は液体またはゾル焼結助剤でコーティングされる。
ジルコン粉末、ならびに液体および/またはゾル焼結助剤の得られる混合物を、アイソパイプの形状など、任意の所望の形状の未焼成体に成形することができる。本明細書では、未焼成体とは、成形されているが、焼成されていないセラミック材料を含む。成形工程としては、耐火セラミック産業で知られているものを含む、任意の適切な成形技術が挙げられる。成形工程には、押出成形法、等方圧加圧法、スリップキャスティング法、またはそれらの組合せが含まれる。1つの態様では、成形工程は押出成形法であり、組成物はアイソパイプ・バーの形状に押出成形される。別の態様では、予備的に焼成された組成物を等方加圧して、所望の形状を提供しうる。予備的に焼成された組成物は、タッピングおよび/または真空工程に供され、周囲条件において高度の圧粉を達成し、次に約124100kPa(約18,000psi)で約0.5〜約5分間、平衡に加圧されて差し支えない。
これらの組成物から生産するセラミック物品は、コーティングしていないジルコン粉末から調製された比較物品と比べて、約10%〜約30%を超えるタップ密度、およびコーティングしていないジルコン粉末から調製された比較物品と比べて20%を上回る機械的強度を示しうる。加えて、これらの物品は、従来のジルコン・アイソパイプ材料よりも優れた約50%以上の低下を表す、約1×10-6/時間未満のクリープ率を示すことができる。図3Aおよび3Bは、焼結助剤の不存在下、および本発明に従って調製されたTiO2焼結助剤の存在下で調製された等方加圧されたジルコン・セラミック物品の部分を表す、走査電子顕微鏡写真である。図4は、ジルコン粒子上のTiO2の単一のコーティング層を例証する本発明のさまざまな態様に従って調製された等方加圧されたジルコン・セラミック物品の高分解能顕微鏡写真である。
第1の実施例では、下記表1に示すジルコン組成物からセラミック物品を調製した。形成の前に、粉末体積のさらなる減少が生じなくなるまで、メス・シリンダー中の粉末を3〜5分間、軽く叩くことによって、各ジルコン組成物のタップ密度を測定した。次に粉末を124100kPa(18,000psi)で30〜60秒間、等方加圧した。1600℃で24時間焼成することによってジルコン・セラミックを調製した。ジルコンのアイソ・バー(iso-bars)(3mm×5mm×160mmのバー)上で幾何学的密度を測定した。次に、周囲条件で、4点破壊応力(MOR)試験によって機械的強度を測定した。クリープ率もまた、1000psiの負荷を用いて1180℃で測定し、材料のクリープの第2段階(クリープ安定段階)を示した。
Claims (8)
- ジルコン粉末を焼結助剤と接触させる工程を有してなる、セラミック組成物の製造方法であって、
前記焼結助剤が、チタニウム含有化合物、鉄含有化合物、またはそれらの組合せのうち少なくとも1つを含み、かつ、液体、1nm〜1000nmの平均粒径を有する複数の懸濁粒子を含有するゾル、またはそれらの組合せの形態であることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記焼結助剤が、10nm〜200nmの平均粒径を有する複数の懸濁ナノ粒子を含有するゾルを含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ジルコン粉末が0.1μm〜150μmの粒径範囲を有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 最終的なセラミック組成物が焼結の際に0.01重量%〜2重量%の前記焼結助剤を含有する量で、前記焼結助剤が含まれることを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 接触後に、前記ジルコン粉末が、前記焼結助剤で実質的に均一にコーティングされることを特徴とする請求項1〜4いずれか1項記載の方法。
- 請求項1から5いずれか1項記載のセラミック組成物を用いてセラミック体を製造する方法であって、
前記ジルコン粉末を前記焼結助剤と接触させた後、該接触したジルコン粉末および焼結助剤を所望の形状に成形する工程、および、該所望の形状を、セラミック体を形成するのに十分な時間および温度で焼成する工程を有してなり、
前記成形が、押出成形法、等方加圧法、スリップキャスティング法、またはそれらの組合せのうち少なくとも1つを含む、セラミック体を製造する方法。 - 前記所望の形状がアイソパイプであることを特徴とする請求項6項記載の方法。
- 前記焼成が、前記所望の形状を1400℃〜1650℃の温度で1〜48時間加熱することを含むことを特徴とする請求項6または7項記載の方法。
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PCT/US2008/012337 WO2009058345A2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2008-10-30 | Low creep refractory ceramic and method of making |
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EP2539141A1 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2013-01-02 | Corning Incorporated | Method of making a densified body by isostatically pressing in deep sea |
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TWI537231B (zh) | 2010-07-12 | 2016-06-11 | 康寧公司 | 高靜態疲勞的氧化鋁隔離管 |
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US10308556B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2019-06-04 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Sintered zircon material for forming block |
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HUE055322T2 (hu) | 2014-03-31 | 2021-11-29 | Saint Gobain Ceramics | Szinterelt cirkonanyag formázóhasábhoz |
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