JP5646606B2 - 抗がん剤の製造方法 - Google Patents
抗がん剤の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5646606B2 JP5646606B2 JP2012510671A JP2012510671A JP5646606B2 JP 5646606 B2 JP5646606 B2 JP 5646606B2 JP 2012510671 A JP2012510671 A JP 2012510671A JP 2012510671 A JP2012510671 A JP 2012510671A JP 5646606 B2 JP5646606 B2 JP 5646606B2
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- phosphine
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- reaction
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- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Natural products C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009169 immunotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010023841 laryngeal neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012987 lip and oral cavity carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000006721 lip cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000015486 malignant pancreatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000009023 maxillary cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037819 metastatic cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011575 metastatic malignant neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000050 myeloid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940100662 nasal drops Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000008968 osteosarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940127084 other anti-cancer agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000002528 pancreatic cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008443 pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940056211 paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037244 polycythemia vera Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010038038 rectal cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001275 rectum cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000003708 skin melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940054269 sodium pyruvate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011549 stomach cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009495 sugar coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRZBLHZZDMCPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-[3-[tert-butyl(methyl)phosphanyl]quinoxalin-2-yl]-methylphosphane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(P(C)C(C)(C)C)C(P(C)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=C1 DRZBLHZZDMCPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBPUNHJAGIYUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-methyl-pyrazin-2-ylphosphane Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)P(C)C1=NC=CN=C1 GBPUNHJAGIYUPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFTZVGDORUQOIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-methyl-quinoxalin-2-ylphosphane Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)P(C)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N=C1 FFTZVGDORUQOIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000003120 testicular cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000002510 thyroid cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 201000006134 tongue cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- DSDAICPXUXPBCC-MWDJDSKUSA-N trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin Chemical compound COC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OC)OC)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](COC)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3OC)OC)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COC)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3OC)OC)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COC)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3OC)OC)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COC)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3OC)OC)O3)[C@H](OC)[C@H]2OC)COC)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1COC DSDAICPXUXPBCC-MWDJDSKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000026517 ureter neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000011476 ureteral benign neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046766 uterine cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B57/00—Separation of optically-active compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6509—Six-membered rings
- C07F9/650952—Six-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in the positions 1 and 4
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
以下の式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、
工程Iで得られた式(6')で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物を分解反応に付して、
以下の式(4')で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物を得る。
工程IIで得られた式(4')で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、以下の式(7)で表される2,3−ジハロゲノピラジンとを反応させて、
工程IIIで得られた式(3)で表される(S,S)−2,3−ビスホスフィノピラジン誘導体と、金、銅又は銀の塩とを反応させて前記の式(1)で表されるホスフィン遷移金属錯体を得る。
以下の式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、
工程Iで得られた式(6’)で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物を分解反応に付して、
以下の式(4’)で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物を得る。
工程IIで得られた式(4’)で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、以下の式(7)で表される2,3−ジハロゲノピラジンとを反応させて、
工程Iにおいては、反応容器中で、式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と式(5)で表される光学活性イソシアネート化合物を混合し、カップリング反応を進行させる。その際、反応系に塩基を加えて反応を促進させることが好ましい。このカップリング反応により、式(6)で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物が生成する。式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物としては、S体とR体との混合物(例えばラセミ体)を用いることができる。式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物としてS体とR体との混合物を用いると、カップリング反応により生成する式(6)で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物は、Sp体とRp体との混合物となる(Sp体は不斉リン原子の立体配置がSである化合物を意味し、Rp体は不斉リン原子の立体配置がRである化合物を意味する)。
工程Iで得られた式(6’)で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物と塩基とを反応容器中で混合し、該ホスフィンボラン化合物を分解する。分解反応促進のためにアルコールを添加することが好ましい。反応後、副生物を除去し、式(4’)で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物を得る。
本工程において用いられる式(7)で表される化合物において、Xで表されるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素が挙げられる。
<工程I> (S P )−tert−ブチル(メチル)[N−((S)−1−フェニルエチル)カルバモイル]ホスフィン−ボランの製造
3L四つ口フラスコに、機械撹拌シール、温度計、等圧滴下ろうと及び排気部を備えた。そこへ、ラセミ−tert−ブチルメチルホスフィンボラン141.8g(1202mmol)及びTHF600ccを入れ、ラセミ−tert−ブチルメチルホスフィンボランを溶解させ、10℃以下に保持しながら1.59mol/Lのn−ブチルリチウム−ヘキサン溶液75cc(119mmol)を滴下した。続いて、同温度にて(S)−(−)−α−メチルベンジルイソシアネート176.8g(1201mmol)を滴下した。その後室温に戻し、一晩撹拌熟成した。5重量%塩酸90g加えて反応を停止した後、ヘキサン240cc及び水240ccを加えて2層に分画した。水層を除去し、有機層を2.5重量%重曹水240g、続いて水240ccで洗い、濃縮して、粗生物(白色フレーク状固体)として、一般式(3)で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物を得た(348.3g)。粗生物を酢酸エチル240cc+ヘキサン1800ccで晶析し、ろ過、乾燥して無色粉末を得た。NMR分析により、得られた無色粉末は表題化合物と同定された。NMR分析結果を以下に示す。また、得られた無色粉末は、収量118.6g(447mmol)、収率37%(イソシアネートから)、ジアステレオマー過剰率>97%deであった。ジアステレオマー過剰率は、1H−NMRのSP及びRPの特定部プロトンの面積比から決定した。
1H−NMR(CDCl3);
(SP)−体(目的物);−0.5−1(3H,m),1.14(9H,d,14.7Hz),1.45(3H,d,10.5Hz),1.53(3H,d,6.9Hz),5.15(1H,pent,6.9Hz),7.2−7.4(6H,m).
(RP)−体;−0.5−1(3H,m),1.25(9H,d,14.7Hz),1.42(3H,d,10.5Hz),1.53(3H,d,6.9Hz),5.15(1H,pent,6.9Hz),7.2−7.4(6H,m).
200cc四つ口フラスコに、機械撹拌シール、温度計及び排気部を備え、そこへ、工程Iで得られた(SP)−tert−ブチル(メチル)[N−((S)−1−フェニルエチル)カルバモイル]ホスフィン−ボラン10.03g(37.8mmol)及びDMF100ccを入れ、ホスフィン−ボランを溶解させた後、氷水浴にて10℃以下とした。ここに50重量%水酸化カリウム水溶液21.26g(189mmol)とメタノール25ccを添加した。次に、氷水浴をはずして18時間撹拌熟成した。次いで、500cc三角フラスコに冷水100ccと石油エーテル100ccを入れ、ここに反応液を分散させることで反応を停止した。水層と有機層とを分離し、水層を石油エーテル100ccで再抽出し、先に分離した有機層と合わせた後、水50ccで2回洗い、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥した。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ワコーゲルC200)にて精製し、無色粉末を得た。NMR分析により、得られた無色粉末は表題化合物と同定された。NMR分析結果を以下に示す。また、得られた無色粉末は、収量3.01g(25.5mmol)、収率67%であった。
1H−NMR(CDCl3);
−0.5−1(3H,m),1.22(9H,d,14.7Hz),1.32(3H,dd,10.5Hz,6.0Hz),4.4(1H,dm,355Hz).
工程IIで得られた(R)−tert−ブチルメチルホスフィン−ボラン3.01g(25.5mmol)をフラスコ中で脱水THF25ccに溶解し、−78℃に冷却した。ここに1.65mol/Lのn−ブチルリチウム−ヘキサン溶液15.5cc(25.6mmol)を滴下して加え、同温度で15分撹拌熟成した。続いて2,3−ジクロロキノキサリン1,703mg(8.56mmol)をよく撹拌しながら一度に加えた。添加後、1時間かけて室温に戻し、3時間撹拌した。続いてテトラメチルエチレンジアミン10.07g(87mmol)を添加し、室温(25℃)で2時間撹拌熟成した。1M塩酸を加えて反応停止し、ヘキサンを加えて有機成分を抽出した。有機層を1M塩酸、続いて飽和食塩水で分液洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウム上で乾燥した。溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=30/1)で精製し、表題化合物を橙色粉末として得た。更に熱メタノールから再結晶精製して橙色立方晶の結晶を得た。収量は2,149mg(6.427mmol)、収率は75%であった。得られた表題化合物の分析結果を以下に示す。
1H−NMR(CDCl3);
1.02(18H,t,6.0Hz),1.4(6H,t,3.2Hz),7.68−7.75(2H,m),8.07−8.14(2H,m).
13C−NMR(CDCl3);
4.8(d),27.6(t),31.9(t),129.6(d),141.6,165.1(d),165.2(d).
31P−NMR(CDCl3);
−16.6.
比旋光度;+53.5°([α]D 22(c=1,CHCl3);なお、(R,R)体は比旋光度−54.3°であることが既知である)
融点;102−103℃
窒素ガスで置換した500ml二口フラスコに、前記の方法で得られた(S,S)−2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリン5.50g(16.4mmol)を一般品THF220mlに溶かした。ここにテトラブチルアンモニウム金ジクロリド4.19g(8.2mmol)を加え、室温で5時間撹拌した。生成した褐色沈殿をろ別し、次いでジクロロメタン42mlに溶かして水50mlで洗浄し、更に硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。これをろ過したのち溶液を乾固させた。この固体をジクロロメタン50mlに溶解し、ジエチルエーテル270mlを加え、0℃にしたところ固体が析出し、(R,R,R,R)−ビス(2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリン)金(I)クロリド7.26g(収率98%)を得た。
・31P−NMR(CDCl3);13.6
・HPLC(カラム スミキラル OA−8000 4.6×250mm、移動層 ヘキサン:エタノール:メタノール:トリフルオロ酢酸=930:40:30:1、流速1.0ml/min、温度35℃、UV 254nm、溶離時間;49.5分
(1)<(R,R)−2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリンの合成>
本出願人の先の出願に係る特開2007−56007号公報における実施例1の記載に従い、(R,R)−2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリンを得た。
(R,R)−2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリンを用いる以外は、実施例1の工程IVと同様にして、(S,S,S,S)−ビス(2,3−ビス(tert−ブチルメチルホスフィノ)キノキサリン)金(I)クロリドを得た。この化合物は、式(1a’)で表される化合物に包含されるものである。
・31P−NMR(CDCl3);13.6
・[α]D=+195.3(c=0.5、メタノール、25℃)
実施例及び比較例で得られたホスフィン遷移金属錯体について、in vitro抗腫瘍活性試験及びマウスに経口投与したときの毒性試験を以下の方法で行った。それらの結果を以下の表1に示す。
また、実施例及び比較例で得られたホスフィン遷移金属錯体について、in vitroの抗腫瘍活性試験を行った。具体的には、癌細胞としてBGC−823(ヒト胃腺癌)を使用し、10%非働化新生仔ウシ血清、L−グルタミン、ピルビン酸ナトリウム、1×105U/Lペニシリン、100mg/Lストレプトマイシンを補足した培地(RPMI−1640又はDEME)中でインキュベータ中、37℃で培養した。細胞は1ウェルあたり2×105となるように加えた。次にジメチルスルホキシドに溶解したホスフィン遷移金属錯体溶液を加え48時間培養した。48時間培養した後、1ウェルあたり5mg/mlの(3,[4,5−dimethylthiazol−2−yl]−2,5−diphenyltetrazolium bromide、MTT)溶液を20μl加え、3〜4時間培養器で培養した。更に1ウェルあたり溶解液を100μl加え生成したホルマザン結晶を完全に可溶化させた。そして、492nmにおける吸光度を測定してIC50を算出した。
実施例及び比較例で得られたホスフィン遷移金属錯体を、マウスに静脈注射したときの毒性試験を行った。具体的には、KMマウスの雄雌を約1週間検疫・馴化飼育した後、選ばれたラット雄雌各10匹計20匹を一群とした。投与前一晩絶食させた体重を記録したラットに、溶媒としてコーンオイルを用い、実施例及び比較例で得られたホスフィン遷移金属錯体を、LD50を決定するために十分な死亡例が出る群が含まれるように設定して単回静脈注射した。投与後、10、30分、1、2、4時間及び以後毎日、14日目まで観察しラットの生存率から50%致死量(LD50)を求めた。
Claims (1)
- 以下の工程IないしIVを有することを特徴とする以下の式(1)で表されるホスフィン遷移金属錯体を含有する抗がん剤の製造方法。
以下の式(4)で表される水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、
工程Iで得られた式(6')で表されるホスフィンボラン化合物を分解反応に付して、
以下の式(4')で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物を得る。
工程IIで得られた式(4')で表される光学活性な水素−ホスフィンボラン化合物と、以下の式(7)で表される2,3−ジハロゲノピラジンとを反応させて、
工程IIIで得られた式(3)で表される(S,S)−2,3−ビスホスフィノピラジン誘導体と、金、銅又は銀の塩とを反応させて前記の式(1)で表されるホスフィン遷移金属錯体を得る。
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