JP5526502B2 - 排気ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
排気ガス浄化用触媒及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5526502B2 JP5526502B2 JP2008185189A JP2008185189A JP5526502B2 JP 5526502 B2 JP5526502 B2 JP 5526502B2 JP 2008185189 A JP2008185189 A JP 2008185189A JP 2008185189 A JP2008185189 A JP 2008185189A JP 5526502 B2 JP5526502 B2 JP 5526502B2
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- noble metal
- exhaust gas
- gas purifying
- purifying catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 227
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 145
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 35
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 28
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
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- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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Description
前記貴金属はPtからなり、前記第1の化合物は、Tiを主成分とし、かつ、TiO 2 、TiO 2 −ZrO 2 複合化合物又はTiO 2 −CeO 2 複合化合物からなり、前記第2の化合物は[Al及びSi]から選ばれる1つ以上を主成分とすることを要旨とする。
第1の化合物の原料として市販の針状ルチルTiO2(1次粒径3[μm])を、湿式粉砕機にて純水中で粉砕し、レーザ散乱式粒度分布計にて測定されたメジアン径が200[nm]とした。この粉砕後の第1の化合物を含むスラリ中にジニトロジアミンPt水溶液(Pt濃度8.47[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌してPtが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリを得た。その一方でベーマイト及び硝酸セリウム、硝酸酸化ジルコニウム、純水を混合したベーマイトスラリを得た。このスラリと、先ほどのPtが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリとを混合し、高速攪拌機にて攪拌した。
第1の化合物の原料として共沈法により調整したTiO2−ZrO2複合化合物を、湿式粉砕機にて純水中で粉砕し、レーザ散乱式粒度分布計にて測定されたメジアン径が300[nm]とした。この粉砕後の第1の化合物を含むスラリ中に、ジニトロジアミンPt水溶液(Pt濃度8.47[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌した後に更に分散用保護材料としてPEI(ポリエチレンイミン)を溶液中に20[wt%]混合し、更に2時間攪拌することでコロイド化した。その一方でベーマイト及び硝酸酸化ランタン、純水を混合したベーマイトスラリを得た。このスラリと、先ほどのPtが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリとを混合し、高速攪拌機にて攪拌した。
第1の化合物の原料として市販のチタニアゾル(1次粒径30[nm])と硝酸バリウムとに、ジニトロジアミンPt水溶液(Pt濃度8.47[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌してPtが接触した第1の化合物を含む懸濁液を得た。その一方でアルミニウムイソプロポキシドをヘキシレングリコール中に混合し、120[℃]のオイルバス中で溶解させた溶液を作成した。このアルミニウムイソプロポキシドのヘキシレングリコール溶液中に、先ほどの混合物の懸濁液を80[℃]の油浴中でゆっくりと滴下し、Ptとチタニアゾル、硝酸バリウムの周囲に水酸化アルミニウムを形成した。
第1の化合物の原料として共沈法により調整したTiO2−CeO2複合化合物を湿式粉砕機にて純水中で粉砕し、レーザ散乱式粒度分布計にて測定されたメジアン径が350nmとした。この粉砕後の第1の化合物を含むスラリ中にジニトロジアミンPt水溶液(Pt濃度8.47[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌した。その一方でベーマイト及び硝酸イットリウム、純水を混合したベーマイトスラリを得た。このスラリと、先ほどのPtが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリとを混合し、高速攪拌機にて攪拌した。
第1の化合物の原料として市販のブロック状ルチルTiO2(1次粒径2[μm])及び硝酸マグネシウムを、湿式粉砕機にて純水中で粉砕し、レーザ散乱式粒度分布計にて測定されたメジアン径が250[nm]とした。この粉砕後の第1の化合物を含むスラリ中に硝酸Pd水溶液(Pd濃度20.71[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌しPdが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリを得た。その一方でベーマイト及び硝酸ネオジム、純水を混合したベーマイトスラリを得た。このスラリと、先ほどのPdが接触した第1の化合物を含むスラリとを混合し、高速攪拌機にて攪拌した。
第1の化合物の原料として市販のチタニアゾル(1次粒径30[nm])と硝酸ネオジムに硝酸Rh水溶液(Rh濃度8.36[wt%])を分散させ、約2時間攪拌してRhが接触した第1の化合物を含む懸濁液を得た。その一方でテトラエトキシシランをヘキシレングリコール中に混合し、120[℃]のオイルバス中で溶解させた溶液を作成した。このテトラエトキシシラン等のヘキシレングリコール溶液中に、先ほどの混合物の懸濁液を80[℃]の油浴中でゆっくりと滴下し、Rhとチタニアゾル、硝酸ネオジムの周囲にSiO2前駆体を形成した。
比較例1は、貴金属を担持する第1の化合物が、CeO2−ZrO2である例である。
比較例2は、第2の化合物を有していない、従来の一般的な触媒の例である。
以上のようにして製造された実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜2の触媒粉末を、それぞれ700[℃]で5[hr] 空気気流下にて焼成を行った。
上記の耐久処理後の各触媒について、日本ベル株式会社製の触媒反応装置TPD-1-ATを用いて、表2に示す反応ガス組成、ガス流量条件で模擬排出ガスを流通させ、400[℃]における装置入側及び出側のCH4濃度から、実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜2の排気ガス浄化用触媒それぞれの400[℃]におけるCH4転化率(ηCH4)[%]を算出した。なお、試料量は0.1gとし、検出器はQ-MASSにて行った。このCH4転化率の値を表1に併記する。
2 貴金属粒子
3 第1の化合物
4 第2の化合物
Claims (6)
- 貴金属と、第1の化合物と、第2の化合物からなり、前記貴金属は当該第1の化合物に担持され、前記貴金属が担持された第1の化合物は当該第2の化合物に内包されて、当該貴金属が担持された第1の化合物同士が前記第2の化合物により隔てられた構造のユニットを含み、かつ、
前記貴金属はPtからなり、
前記第1の化合物は、Tiを主成分とし、かつ、TiO 2 、TiO 2 −ZrO 2 複合化合物又はTiO 2 −CeO 2 複合化合物からなり、
前記第2の化合物は[Al及びSi]から選ばれる1つ以上を主成分とすることを特徴とする排気ガス浄化用触媒。 - 前記ユニット内の貴金属の量が、8×10−20モル以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気ガス浄化用触媒。
- 独立して分散した前記第1の化合物のメジアン粒径が2μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の排気ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記第2の化合物は、更に[La、Zr、Ce、Y及びNd]から選ばれる1つ以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス浄化用触媒。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス浄化用触媒を製造する方法であって、
貴金属が接触した第1の化合物を、1次粒子径が100nm以下のコロイド状にする工程と、
次いで、コロイド状にした当該貴金属が接触した第1の化合物の周囲に、第2の化合物を形成させる工程と
を含むことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の排気ガス浄化用触媒を製造する方法であって、
第1の化合物の2次粒子集合体を微粒化して、貴金属が接触した第1の化合物の2次粒子径を2μm以下にする工程と、
次いで、微粒化した当該貴金属が接触した第1の化合物の周囲に、第2の化合物を形成させる工程と
を含むことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法。
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US13/002,929 US8309487B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2009-06-04 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst and method for producing the same |
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US20110111952A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
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EP2311559A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
US8309487B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
WO2010007839A1 (ja) | 2010-01-21 |
EP2311559A4 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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