JP5354765B2 - 三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5354765B2 JP5354765B2 JP2006531871A JP2006531871A JP5354765B2 JP 5354765 B2 JP5354765 B2 JP 5354765B2 JP 2006531871 A JP2006531871 A JP 2006531871A JP 2006531871 A JP2006531871 A JP 2006531871A JP 5354765 B2 JP5354765 B2 JP 5354765B2
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Description
栗野ら、「三次元構造を持つインテリジェント・イメージセンサ・チップ」、1999年アイ・イー・ディー・エム テクニカル・ダイジェストp.36.4.1〜36.4.4(H. Kurino et al.," Intelligent Image Sensor Chip with Three Dimensional Structure", 1999 IEDM Technical Digest, pp. 36.4.1 - 36.4.4, 1999) 李ら、「高度並列画像処理チップ用の三次元集積技術の開発」、「日本応用物理学会誌」第39巻、p.2473〜2477、第1部4B、2000年4月、(K. Lee et al.," Development of Three-Dimensional Integration Technology for Highly Parallel Image-Processing Chip", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 39, pp. 2474 - 2477, April 2000)
複数の半導体回路層を支持基板上に積層して構成された三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法であって、
複数の前記半導体回路層のうちの一つを構成する半導体基板の内部にその表面側から、第1絶縁膜で内壁面が覆われたトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記トレンチの内部に導電性材料を充填して導電性プラグを形成する工程と、
前記導電性プラグが形成された前記半導体基板の内部または表面にその表面側から所望の素子または回路を形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路が形成された前記半導体基板の表面を第2絶縁膜で覆う工程と、
前記第2絶縁膜を直接または配線構造を介して間接的に、前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに接合することにより、前記半導体基板を前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定する工程と、
前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定された前記半導体基板をその裏面側から選択的に除去し、もって前記第1絶縁膜を前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と、
前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出せしめられた前記第1絶縁膜を選択的に除去し、もって前記導電性プラグを前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と
を備えてなることを特徴とするものである。
複数の半導体回路層を支持基板上に積層して構成された三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法であって、
複数の前記半導体回路層のうちの一つを構成する半導体基板の内部または表面にその表面側から所望の素子または回路を形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路が形成された前記半導体基板の表面を第1絶縁膜で覆う工程と、
前記第1絶縁膜を貫通して前記半導体基板の内部に到達すると共に、第2絶縁膜で内壁面が覆われたトレンチを、前記半導体基板の表面側から形成する工程と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記トレンチの内部に導電性材料を充填して導電性プラグを形成する工程と、
前記導電性プラグの前記半導体基板の表面側の端に対応する位置に配置される第1電極を使用して、前記半導体基板を前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定する工程と、
前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定された前記半導体基板をその裏面側から選択的に除去し、もって前記第2絶縁膜を前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と、
前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出せしめられた前記第2絶縁膜を選択的に除去し、もって前記導電性プラグを前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と
を備えてなることを特徴とするものである。
複数の半導体回路層を支持基板上に積層して構成された三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法であって、
複数の前記半導体回路層のうちの一つを構成する半導体基板の内部または表面にその表面側から所望の素子または回路を形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路が形成された前記半導体基板の表面を第1絶縁膜で覆う工程と、
前記第1絶縁膜を直接または配線構造を介して間接的に、前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに接合することにより、前記半導体基板を前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定する工程と、
前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定された前記半導体基板の内部にその裏面側から、第2絶縁膜で内壁面が覆われたトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記半導体基板の裏面側から前記トレンチの内部に導電性材料を充填して導電性プラグを形成する工程と
を備えてなることを特徴とするものである。
本発明の第4の観点による半導体装置の製造方法は、
複数の半導体回路層を支持基板上に積層して構成された三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法であって、
複数の前記半導体回路層のうちの一つを構成する半導体基板の内部または表面にその表面側から所望の素子または回路を形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路が形成された前記半導体基板の内部にその表面側から、第1絶縁膜で内壁面が覆われたトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記トレンチの内部に導電性材料を充填して導電性プラグを形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路と前記導電性プラグが形成された前記半導体基板の表面を第2絶縁膜で覆う工程と、
前記第2絶縁膜を直接または配線構造を介して間接的に、前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに接合することにより、前記半導体基板を前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定する工程と、
前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定された前記半導体基板をその裏面側から選択的に除去し、もって前記第1絶縁膜を前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と、
前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出せしめられた前記第1絶縁膜を選択的に除去し、もって前記導電性プラグを前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と
を備えてなることを特徴とするものである。
図1(a)〜図7(l)は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を工程毎に示す部分断面図である。この第1実施形態は、半導体ウェハーを積み重ねて三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置を製造する例である。
図8(a)〜図13(i)は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。この第2実施形態は、半導体チップを積み重ねることによって三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置を製造する例である。
図14(a)〜図16(f)は、本発明の第3実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。上述した第1及び第2の実施形態では、トレンチとその内部に充填された導電性材料が、Si基板のみを貫通し、多層配線構造を貫通していなかったが、第3実施形態では、トレンチとその内部に充填された導電性材料が、Si基板だけでなく多層配線構造をも貫通している点で、第1及び第2の実施形態とは異なる。また、ここではSiウェハーを使用して説明するが、第2実施形態の場合と同様に、Siウェハーを一つまたは二つ以上のSiチップに代えてもよいことは言うまでもない。
図17(a)〜図20(h)は、本発明の第4実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。上述した第1〜第3の実施形態では、トレンチとその内部への導電性材料の充填が、Si基板11(多層配線構造30、30A)の表面側から行われている。これとは異なり、第4実施形態では、トレンチとその内部への導電性材料の充填がSi基板11の裏面側から行われる。なお、ここではSiウェハーを使用して説明するが、第2実施形態の場合と同様に、Siウェハーを一つあるいは二つ以上のSiチップに代えてもよいことは言うまでもない。
図21(a)〜(c)は、本発明の第5実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。この第5実施形態は、上述した第1実施形態の第1の変形例に相当するものであり、上述した第1実施形態において、MOSトランジスタの形成とトレンチ及び導電性プラグの形成の順序を逆にしたものである。すなわち、第1実施形態では、トレンチ及び導電性プラグの形成を先にしてからMOSトランジスタの形成をしているのに対し、第5実施形態では、MOSトランジスタの形成を先にしてから、トレンチ及び導電性プラグの形成をする点で、両実施形態は異なっている。その点以外は、両実施形態は同じである。
図22は、本発明の第6実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。この第6実施形態は、上述した第1実施形態の第2の変形例に相当するものであり、第1実施形態においてトレンチ13の内部の導電性プラグ15の下端に形成されたマイクロバンプ電極42に代えて、マイクロバンプ電極42aを無電解メッキ法または選択CVD法により導電性プラグ15の端に直接形成する。それ以外の点は、第1実施形態の場合と同様である。
図23(a)〜図25(e)は、本発明の第7実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図である。この第7実施形態は、上述した第1実施形態の第3の変形例に相当するものであり、第1実施形態の場合とは異なる方法でマイクロバンプ電極42を形成する。すなわち、第1実施形態と同様にして、図1(a)〜図3(g)までの工程を実行した後、それ以降の工程を図23(b)〜図25(e)に示す工程を順に実行する。
図26は、本発明の第8実施形態に係る三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法を示す部分断面図であり、図2(d)に対応するものである。この第8実施形態は、上述した第1実施形態の第4の変形例に相当するもので、第1半導体回路層が多層配線構造30を有していない点のみが異なっている。それ以外は、第1実施形態の製造方法と同じである。
上述した第1〜第8実施形態は、本発明を具体化した例を示すものであり、したがって本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を外れることなく種々の変形が可能であることは言うまでもない。例えば、上述した各実施形態では、マイクロバンプ電極を使用しているが、トレンチの内部に充填された導電性材料の端をマイクロバンプ電極として機能させることができれば、マイクロバンプ電極は省略することができる。また、上述した第1〜第7実施形態では、隣接する半導体回路層のマイクロバンプ電極同士を溶着によって接合させているが、本発明はこれに限定されない。マイクロバンプ電極の材質によっては、溶着による接合が不可能または困難であるから、そのような場合には、マイクロバンプ電極同士を接合用金属(例えばハンダ合金)を用いて接合させてもよいことは言うまでもない。
1a、1a’、1Aa、1Ba 薄くされた第1半導体回路層
2、2’、 第2半導体回路層
2a、2a’ 薄くされた第2半導体回路層
11 半導体基板
12 SiO2膜
12b ゲート絶縁膜
13、13a トレンチ
14 SiO2膜
15 導電性プラグ
16 ソース・ドレイン領域
18 ゲート電極
19、19a 層間絶縁膜
20 金属配線膜
21 導電性材料
30、30A、30B 多層配線構造
31 絶縁材料
32、33、34 配線層
35、35a、36 導電体
37 マイクロバンプ電極
38 導電体
39 接着剤
40 支持基板
41 接着剤
42、42a、43 マイクロバンプ電極
44 接着剤
51、52 Siチップ
51a、52a 薄くされたSiチップ
53 接着剤
61、62 Siチップ
61a、62a 薄くされたSiチップ
Claims (9)
- 複数の半導体回路層を支持基板上に積層して構成された三次元積層構造を持つ半導体装置の製造方法であって、
複数の前記半導体回路層のうちの一つを構成する半導体基板の内部にその表面側から、第1絶縁膜で内壁面が覆われたトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記トレンチの内部に導電性材料を充填して導電性プラグを形成する工程と、
前記導電性プラグが形成された前記半導体基板の内部または表面にその表面側から所望の素子または回路を形成する工程と、
前記素子または回路が形成された前記半導体基板の表面を第2絶縁膜で覆う工程と、
前記第2絶縁膜または配線構造に、前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つとの機械的接続のためだけに使用される第1電極を配置する工程と、
前記第2絶縁膜を直接または前記配線構造を介して間接的に、前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに前記第1電極を用いた室温での圧接で接合することにより、前記半導体基板を前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定する工程と、
前記支持基板または複数の前記半導体回路層の他の一つに固定された前記半導体基板をその裏面側から選択的に除去し、もって前記第1絶縁膜を前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と、
前記第1絶縁膜が露出せしめられた前記半導体基板の裏面を覆う第3絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記第1絶縁膜と共に前記第3絶縁膜を選択的に除去し、もって前記半導体基板の裏面側を平坦にすると共に前記導電性プラグを前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出させる工程と
を備えることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記半導体回路層が、前記素子または回路に加えて、前記第2絶縁膜上に形成された前記配線構造を有しており、前記第1電極が前記第2絶縁膜上に前記配線構造を介して間接的に形成される請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板の裏面側に前記第3絶縁膜を形成する工程と、前記半導体基板の裏面側に前記導電性プラグを露出させる工程との間に、前記第3絶縁膜の上に平坦化膜を形成する工程と、前記平坦化膜を選択的に除去する工程とをさらに含んでおり、
前記導電性プラグを露出させる工程において、前記第1絶縁膜と共に、前記第3絶縁膜と残存した前記平坦化膜とが選択的に除去される請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出せしめられた前記導電性プラグの端に、第2電極を形成する工程をさらに含む請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第2電極形成工程において、別個に形成された導電性材料片を前記導電性プラグの端に固着させることにより、前記第2電極が形成される請求項4に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第2電極形成工程において、前記導電性プラグの端に導電性材料を直接堆積させることにより、前記第2電極が形成される請求項4に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板の裏面側に露出せしめられた前記導電性プラグの端が第2電極として使用される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板が、単一の半導体部材により形成されている請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板が複数の半導体部材の組み合わせにより形成されている請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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TW200620474A (en) | 2006-06-16 |
US7906363B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
JP2012129551A (ja) | 2012-07-05 |
JPWO2006019156A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
TWI427700B (zh) | 2014-02-21 |
US20090149023A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
CN101048868A (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
CN101048868B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
CN102290425B (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
WO2006019156A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 |
CN101714512B (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
CN101714512A (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
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