JP5344521B2 - Opening device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a frame member of an opening part device having a new structure exhibiting excellent heat insulation performance and dew-proofing performance. <P>SOLUTION: This frame member 10 constituting a frame body 10W to which a sash 20 is fitted, includes: an outer frame 12 and an inner frame 11 provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer frame 12, wherein a sash storing part 10M for storing the sash 20 is formed on the exterior side in the depth direction of the frame member 10, a space part 10N surrounded by the inner frame 11 and the outer frame 12 is formed on the interior side in the depth direction of the frame member 10, and the substantially center position (the center line C1) in the depth direction of the sash 20 is disposed on the exterior side from the substantially center position (the center line C4) in the depth direction of the sash storing part 10M. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening device that is preferably provided in an opening of a building such as a house, public facility, commercial facility, or building, and more particularly, to a configuration of a frame member that constitutes a frame body to which a shoji equipped with a glass panel or the like is attached. .

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an opening device having a configuration in which a shoji having a glass panel or the like is attached to a metal or resin frame has been well known. In the technology of the opening device, in particular, in recent years, further enhancement of functions has progressed. However, as one of important functions required for the opening device, there are heat insulation performance and dew prevention performance.

  For example, in an opening device that partitions an indoor space and an outdoor space, the heat insulating performance is an important function for suppressing heat conduction from the outdoor space and keeping the indoor space at a comfortable temperature. There is a need for improvement. And by improving this heat insulation performance, for example, in winter, the temperature around the opening device on the indoor side is not lowered too much and the condensation of the window frame is prevented from improving. Will be planned.

Here, as a large element of the opening device related to heat insulation performance and dew proof performance, a shoji equipped with a glass panel and the like, a frame that covers the outer periphery of the shoji and closes the gap between the building opening and the shoji There is a body. About the shoji, the structure which improves heat insulation by comprising in a multilayer glass is known. Regarding the frame body, the frame body is configured by attaching the end portions of a plurality of frame members, and a configuration that increases the heat insulating property by using a resin having a thermal conductivity lower than that of metal is known for each frame member. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 5).
JP 2006-249732 A JP 2001-065242 A JP 2001-065245 A JP 2004-176505 A Japanese Patent No. 3443051

  As described above, further improvement in heat insulation performance and dew proof performance is required in this technical field. The inventor examined a solution for improving the heat insulating performance and the dew proof performance by paying attention to the structure of the frame member. For example, a structure in which the material of the frame member is entirely made of resin is considered, but high heat insulation performance and dew proof performance can be ensured, but problems remain in terms of rigidity and manufacturing cost. In addition, a composite structure combining two metal components and a resin component will also be studied. Conventionally, however, an optimum structure has not been studied for this composite structure in relation to heat insulation performance and dew condensation performance. Therefore, there is a current situation that sufficient heat insulation is not secured.

  Therefore, the present invention proposes a frame member having a novel structure that exhibits excellent heat insulation performance and dew proof performance.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

That is, as described in claim 1, an opening device comprising a frame member constituting the frame for mounting the sash, the frame member has an outer frame, and, engages on the inner circumferential side of the outer frame And having an inner frame that forms a prospective surface, a shoji accommodating portion for accommodating the shoji is formed on the outdoor side in the expectation direction of the frame member, and on the indoor side in the expectation direction of the frame member, A space part surrounded by the inner frame and the outer frame forming the prospective surface is formed, and a concave groove constituting part for inserting a screen door frame that is inserted into the space part on the outdoor side of the prospective surface is provided. is formed, the outdoor side from the substantially central position in the estimated direction of the shoji accommodating portion, a substantially center position of the estimated direction of the shoji is disposed prospective size of the space is approximately the expected size of the outer frame Configured to be larger than half, the thermal conductivity of the inner frame is the heat of the outer frame. And lower than Shiruberitsu, the inner frame is located on the estimated direction interior side of the shoji accommodating portion, and the opening device.

Moreover, as described in claim 2,
The said groove structure part shall be provided in the position dented with respect to the inner surface which forms the inner peripheral surface of the said frame.

Moreover, as described in claim 3,
  The space portion is provided on the indoor side in the expected direction of the shoji housing portion,
  Suppose that the said groove structure part is provided so that it may become depressed with respect to the said space part.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the groove constituting portion is provided at a position to be an outdoor side end portion of the inner frame in the indoor / outdoor direction.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

That is, in the invention described in claim 1, the shoji is arranged at a position (offset position) where the shoji is driven by the outdoor side, and the expected dimension of the space portion is ensured to be large. . With this configuration, heat conduction between the outdoor side and the indoor side is suppressed by the inner frame having a large area, and excellent heat insulating performance can be exhibited. In addition, by improving the heat insulation performance, it is possible to prevent condensation on the surface of the glass panel at the site near the frame on the indoor side and to prevent condensation on the inner side surface of the inner frame, thereby exhibiting excellent dew prevention performance. It becomes possible. Moreover, the expected dimension of a space part is ensured large and the improvement of heat insulation performance and dewproof performance is achieved. Moreover, the heat transfer in the inner frame is suppressed, and the heat insulation performance and dew proof performance as the whole frame body are improved. Moreover, the opening part apparatus excellent in the heat insulation performance and dew-proof performance is realizable.

In addition, in the invention according to claim 2, when the opening device is viewed from the indoor side, only the surface portion of the inner wall of the indoor wall, the glass panel, and the frame member can be seen mainly. An open impression can be given.

Moreover, in the invention of Claim 3, since a space part is provided in the prospective direction indoor side of a shoji accommodation part, heat insulation performance is securable by a space part. Moreover, a structure part can be provided so that it may become depressed with respect to a space part.

Moreover, the structure by which a 4th groove structure part is provided in the position used as the outdoor side edge part of the said inner frame in the indoor / outdoor direction is implement | achieved.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an appearance of a building 100 including the opening device 1 according to the present embodiment. The building 100 includes a first floor portion and a second floor portion, and has an opening on each floor. The opening is provided with the entrance 2 and the window 3 in the first floor portion, and the window 4 is also provided in the second floor portion. The opening device 1 is attached to the second floor portion, and a small square window (square) is formed. The form of the opening device 1 is a so-called one-sided window or a protruding window whose main purpose is ventilation.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the opening device 1 is preferably used for a relatively small square window. In addition, a rectangular slit window, a rhombus rhombus window, a glass block window, a trapezoid window, an arch window, etc. It can be applied to all kinds of windows. In addition, the type of building is not limited to a house, and can be applied to large buildings such as public facilities and office buildings.

  FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the opening device 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the indoor side. The opening device 1 includes a frame member 10 constituting a rectangular frame 10W fixed to a building opening, and a shoji 20 attached to the frame member 10 so as to be opened and closed. The shoji 20 includes a glass panel 21 and a flange 22 that surrounds the glass panel 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the opening device 1 is viewed from the indoor side, only the interior wall 100A, the glass panel 21, and the surface portion 11A of the inner frame 11 of the frame member 10 can be seen. Most other parts such as the ridge 22 and the outer frame 12 are hidden by the indoor wall 100A so that they cannot be seen from the indoor side.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 (b), when the opening part apparatus 1 is seen from the outdoor side, only the outer wall 100B, the glass panel 21, and the collar 22 are visible. The frame body 10 </ b> W is hidden by the flange 22.

  With the configuration of the opening device 1 as described above, almost no members can be seen between the glass panel 21 and the indoor wall 100A, and only the flange 22 can be seen between the glass panel 21 and the outer wall 100B. A simple and open impression can be given. In the present embodiment, the basket 22 is arranged on the outdoor side so that the basket 22 can be seen from the outside and cannot be seen from the room. Thus, it is possible to configure so that the basket 22 is not visible from the outside and is visible from the room.

  FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view in the vicinity of the center of the opening device 1 in the height direction. The upper side of the opening device 1 is the outdoor side, and the lower side is the indoor side. In FIG. 4, the frame members 10, 10 constituting the left vertical frame and the right vertical frame, the left and right ridges 22, 22 arranged along the frame members 10, 10, and the ridge 22 are surrounded. A glass panel 21 appears. Moreover, the shoji 20 is comprised by the glass panel 21 and the collar 22, and this shoji 20 is the structure rotated by the operation handle 23 to the outdoor side centering on the hinge mechanism 30. As shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view in the vicinity of the center in the left-right direction of the opening device 1. The left side of the opening device 1 is the outdoor side and the right side of the paper is the indoor side. In FIG. 5, the frame members 10, 10 constituting the upper frame and the lower frame, the upper and lower ridges 22, 22 arranged along the frame members 10, 10, and the glass panel surrounded by the ridges 22. 21 appears. Moreover, the shoji 20 is comprised by the glass panel 21 and the eaves 22, and this shoji 20 is the structure protruded to the outdoor side by operation of the operation handle 23, as shown in FIG.

Next, the configuration of the frame member 10 will be described.
In the following description, the range surrounded by the dotted line A in FIG. 5 will be enlarged to FIG. 7 as a representative example, and the configuration of the frame member and the shoji in the range constituting the lower frame will be described. The present invention can also be applied to other parts of the opening device. That is, the configuration of the embodiment described below can be applied to a range that configures the vertical frame and a range that configures the upper frame.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the frame member 10 constituting the frame body 10 </ b> W of the opening device 1 includes an inner frame 11 constituting the inner peripheral surface of the frame body 10 </ b> W on its inner side surface and the frame body 10 </ b> W on its outer peripheral surface. And an outer frame 12 constituting an outer peripheral surface (probable surface). As shown in FIG. 2, the frame member 10 constitutes a rectangular frame 10W.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner frame 11 is a plate-like member having a prospective dimension L1, and has an inner wall surface constituting portion 11a constituting an inner side surface 11b forming the inner peripheral surface of the frame body 10W. ing.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the inner frame 11, a groove forming portion 11 m that forms a concave groove 11 c in a cross-sectional view is formed at the outdoor side end portion of the inner wall surface forming portion 11 a. A screen door frame 14 is inserted at 11 m. Further, in the inner frame 11, at the indoor side end portion of the inner wall surface constituting portion 11a, the inner wall surface constituting portion 11a is bulged inward (inside the space surrounded by the frame body 10W), whereby the water receiving portion 11e. Is configured. Further, in the inner frame 11, an inner frame indoor side overhanging portion 11f that protrudes outward (outside of the space surrounded by the frame body 10W) is provided at the indoor side end of the inner wall surface constituting portion 11a. . The groove constituting portion 11m is also provided with an inner frame chamber outer overhanging portion 11g protruding outward.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner frame 11 is attached to the outer frame 12. The outer frame 12 has an outer frame expected surface constituting part 12a having an expected dimension L2, and the outer peripheral face of the frame member 10 (frame body 10W) is constituted by the outer frame expected surface constituting part 12a. Yes.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the outer frame 12, an outer frame chamber that protrudes inward (inside the space surrounded by the frame body 10 </ b> W) in a substantially central portion in the expected direction of the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12 a. An outer projecting portion 12g is provided. In addition, at the indoor side end portion of the outer frame 12, an outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f that protrudes inward (inside the space surrounded by the frame body 10W) is provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the outer frame 12, a substantially “U” shape whose upper part is opened in the drawing by the outer frame expected surface constituting part 12 a, the outer frame room outer side overhanging part 12 g, and the outer frame room inner side overhanging part 12 f. Shaped cross section. Then, the opening of the substantially “U” -shaped cross section is closed by the inner wall surface constituting portion 11 a of the inner frame 11, so that a space portion 10 </ b> N is formed in the frame member 10. The inner frame indoor side overhanging part 11f of the inner frame 11 and the outer frame room inner side overhanging part 12f of the outer frame 12, the inner frame room outer side overhanging part 11g of the inner frame 11 and the outer frame room outer side overhanging part 12g of the outer frame 12, The space portions 10N are configured by engaging with each other.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner frame 11 has better heat insulation than the outer frame 12, that is, the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12a, the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g, and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f. It is supposed to be composed of materials. For example, in the case where the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12a, the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g, and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f are formed of an aluminum shape, the inner frame 11 is formed of a resin shape, The heat insulation about the frame 11 can be made excellent. Further, the improvement of the heat insulating property prevents condensation on the inner side of the inner frame 11 (the inner side of the space surrounded by the frame body 10W), and can exhibit excellent dewproofing performance.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the frame member 10 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the outer frame 12 and the outer frame 12 in relation to the positional relationship between the frame body 10 </ b> W (frame member 10) and the shoji 20 in the expected direction. A shoji housing portion 10M for housing the shoji 20 is formed on the outdoor side of the frame member 10 in the prospective direction, and the inner frame 11 and the outer A space portion 10N surrounded by the frame 12 is formed, and a substantially central position (center line C1) in the expected direction of the shoji 20 is located on the outdoor side of the approximate center position (center line C4) in the expected direction of the shoji accommodating portion 10M. ) Is to be placed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in relation to the positional relationship of the frame member 10 and the shoji 20 in the expected direction, the expected dimension L0 of the space portion 10N is configured to be larger than substantially half of the expected dimension L2 of the outer frame 12. Is going to be.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the thermal conductivity of the inner frame 11 is assumed to be lower than the thermal conductivity of the outer frame 12.

In addition to the above, as shown in FIG. 7, in relation to the positional relationship in the expected direction of the frame member 10 and the shoji 20, the center line C <b> 1 (the expected dimension of the expected size L <b> 3 of the shoji 20). It is preferable that the line connecting the center positions in the vertical direction is disposed on the outdoor side of the center line C2 of the expected dimension of the frame member 10 (the expected dimension L2 of the outer frame 12).
Moreover, in the relationship between the frame member 10 and the glass panel 21 which is a panel member of the shoji 20, the center line C3 of the glass panel 21 is more than the center line C2 of the expected dimension of the frame member 10 (the expected dimension L2 of the outer frame 12). It is also preferable that they are arranged outside the room.
In addition, in the relationship between the frame member 10 and the glass panel 21, the extension line E1 of the indoor surface 21e of the glass panel 21 is more room than the center line C2 of the expected dimension of the frame member 10 (estimated dimension L2 of the outer frame 12). It is preferable that it is arranged outward.

As shown in FIG. 7, as described above, in the shoji housing portion 10 </ b> M of the frame member 10 that houses the shoji 20, the center line C <b> 1 of the expected size L <b> 3 of the shoji 20 (the expected size of the ridge 22) is the shoji housing. It is preferable that the portion 10M is disposed on the outdoor side of the center line C4 of the expected dimension L4.
Further, in the relationship between the shoji housing portion 10M and the glass panel 21 which is a panel member of the shoji 20, the center line C3 of the glass panel 21 is disposed on the outdoor side of the center line C4 in the expected direction L4 of the shoji housing portion 10M. Is preferable.

  Due to the positional relationship in the expected direction between the frame member 10 and the shoji 20 according to the above description, the shoji 20 will be placed at the position (offset position) that the shoji 20 is placed on the outdoor side, as a whole. Further, the expected dimension L0 of the space portion 10N is large. With this configuration, heat conduction between the outdoor side and the indoor side is suppressed by the inner frame 11 (inner wall surface constituting portion 11a) having a large area, and excellent heat insulating performance can be exhibited. Further, by improving the heat insulation performance, it is possible to prevent condensation on the surface of the glass panel 21 at a portion close to the indoor frame body 10W (frame member 10) and to prevent condensation on the inner side surface 11b of the inner frame 11. It is possible to exhibit excellent dew-proof performance.

  Furthermore, in addition to the above, in the configuration of the frame member 10, as shown in FIG. 7, the expected dimension L1 of the inner frame 11 is the outer frame outer side overhanging portion 12g and the outer frame of the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f. It is preferable that the length is configured longer than the projecting dimensions D1 and D2 from the prospective surface constituting portion 12a. Thereby, the inner wall surface constituting part 11a of the inner frame 11 is widely configured, and the inner wall surface constituting part 11a having a large area is formed on the indoor side of the glass panel 21 (the shoji 20). Thereby, the heat conduction between the outdoor side and the indoor side is suppressed by the inner wall surface constituting portion 11a having a large area, and excellent heat insulating performance can be exhibited. Further, by improving the heat insulation performance, it is possible to prevent condensation on the surface of the glass panel 21 at a portion close to the indoor frame body 10W (frame member 10) and to prevent condensation on the inner side surface 11b of the inner frame 11. It is possible to exhibit excellent dew-proof performance.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the protrusion dimensions D1 and D2 of the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f from the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12a are the expected values of the inner frame 11, respectively. It is preferable that the dimension is substantially the same as or larger than the half of the dimension L1. Thereby, even when the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12a, the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g, and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f are formed of an aluminum shape and the inner frame 11 is formed of a resin shape, The rigidity of the entire frame body 10 </ b> W can be reliably ensured by the rigidity of the outer frame outdoor side overhanging part 12 g and the outer frame room inner side overhanging part 12 f. In this regard, for example, the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f can also be formed of resin integrally with the inner frame 11, but this is the reason. In addition, such a problem that sufficient rigidity cannot be secured and the cost is high can also occur.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the expected dimension L1 of the inner frame 11 is configured to be long, and the projecting dimensions D1 and D2 of the outer frame outdoor side overhanging portion 12g and the outer frame indoor side overhanging portion 12f are constant. It is preferable that the configuration is substantially the same as or larger than a half of the dimension (expected dimension L1 of the inner frame 11). Thereby, a large volume of the space portion 10N formed in the frame member 10 can be secured. And by this structure, the air layer of low thermal conductivity is formed by the air confined in the space portion 10N, the heat conduction between the outdoor side and the indoor side is suppressed by this air layer, and excellent heat insulation performance, And it becomes possible to exhibit dew-proof performance.

Next, the positional relationship between the frame member 10 and the flange 22 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the flange 22 is a frame configured to surround four sides of the glass panel 21, and includes a substantially “U” -shaped panel housing portion 22 a that houses the glass panel 21. . The panel housing portion 22a includes a scooping surface constituting portion 22b that constitutes an exterior exterior surface, a scissors facing surface constituting portion 22c that faces the outer frame looking surface constituting portion 12a of the outer frame 12, and the outer frame 12 It is supposed that it is comprised from the inner chamber surface structure part 22d facing the outer frame outdoor side overhang | projection part 12g.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a distance M is secured and a space 10 </ b> M is formed between the heel expected surface constituting portion 22 c of the panel housing portion 22 a and the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12 a of the outer frame 12. I am going to do that. By making this distance M wide, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of heat transferred between the flange 22 facing the outdoor and the outer frame expected surface constituting portion 12a. Thereby, for example, even in the winter season, the surface temperature of the outer frame expected surface constituting part 12a is reduced even when the surface of the saddle finding surface constituting part 22b that is directly exposed to the outside is cooled and the surface temperature of the eyelid expected surface constituting part 22c is lowered. The temperature drop of the outer frame 12 and by extension, the inner frame 11 can be suppressed.

  In this way, by suppressing the temperature drop of the inner frame 11, dew condensation on the inner side surface 11b of the inner frame 11 can be prevented in winter. That is, the dewproof performance can be improved. In the configuration of FIG. 7, a wider distance M is secured by indenting the heel expecting surface constituting portion 22 c inward (inside the space surrounded by the frame body 10 </ b> W). In addition, the distance M may be secured wider by reducing the thickness m of the shoji housing portion 10M.

  According to the above structure, the opening part apparatus excellent in heat insulation performance and dew-proof performance is realizable. In the above embodiment, the structure surrounded by the dotted line A in FIG. 5 and the structure of the frame and the shoji in the range constituting the lower frame of the opening device has been described. Is also applicable. That is, the configuration of the above-described embodiment can be applied to a range that configures the vertical frame and a range that configures the upper frame.

  The above is the description of the embodiment of the present invention. In the above embodiment, as the panel member, any material used for a normal opening device can be used instead of the glass panel. For example, from the viewpoint of lighting, acrylic resin panels and polycarbonate panels can be used. In addition, other members provided in the normal opening device, such as a lock mechanism and a sealing material, can also be used in the opening device of the present invention.

  Moreover, as described above, the opening device of the present invention can be applied to many kinds of building openings, and the effects can be sufficiently exhibited in each embodiment. For example, the configuration of the present invention can be applied to a so-called FIX window that does not open and close a shoji.

  While the present invention has been described in connection with embodiments that are presently the most practical and preferred, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein. However, the invention can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit or concept of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification, and a building opening device with such a change is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Must be understood.

  The present invention can be widely applied to frame members that constitute a frame of an opening device of any form, including a protruding window, a single window, a FIX window, and a sliding window. Also, the shape of the frame can be applied to various frame shapes such as square, circle, trapezoid, and arch.

The figure shown about the example of the building provided with the opening part apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The perspective view seen from the room inner side of the opening part apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is the front view seen from the room inner side of the opening part apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (B) is the front view seen from the outdoor side of the opening part apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The horizontal sectional view of the opening part device concerning the embodiment of the present invention. Side surface sectional drawing of the opening part apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Side surface sectional drawing of the opening part apparatus in the state which similarly opened the shoji. The enlarged view of the range enclosed with the dotted line A of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Opening device 10 Frame member 10W Frame body 10M Shoji accommodation part 10N Space part 11 Inner frame 12 Outer frame 20 Shoji

Claims (4)

An opening device comprising a frame member constituting a frame for attaching a shoji,
The frame member has an outer frame and an inner frame that engages with an inner peripheral side of the outer frame and forms a prospective surface .
A shoji housing portion for housing the shoji is formed on the outdoor side in the expected direction of the frame member,
On the indoor side in the expected direction of the frame member, a space portion surrounded by the inner frame and the outer frame forming the prospective surface is formed ,
A concave groove constituting part for inserting a screen door frame that intrudes into the space part is formed on the outside of the prospective surface,
A substantially central position in the expected direction of the shoji is arranged outside the approximate center position in the expected direction of the shoji accommodating portion ,
The expected size of the space portion is configured to be larger than approximately half of the expected size of the outer frame,
The thermal conductivity of the inner frame is lower than the thermal conductivity of the outer frame,
The inner frame is located on the indoor side in the expected direction from the shoji housing part,
Opening device. The groove constituting part is provided at a position recessed with respect to an inner side surface forming an inner peripheral surface of the frame body.
  The opening device according to claim 1.   The space portion is provided on the indoor side in the expected direction of the shoji housing portion,
  The groove constituting part is provided so as to be recessed with respect to the space part.
The opening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above-mentioned. The groove constituting portion is provided at a position to be an outdoor side end portion of the inner frame in the indoor / outdoor direction.
The opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening device is provided.

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