JP5143135B2 - 酸化剤とアミン系化合物の反応物を含有する解体性接着剤 - Google Patents
酸化剤とアミン系化合物の反応物を含有する解体性接着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5143135B2 JP5143135B2 JP2009523683A JP2009523683A JP5143135B2 JP 5143135 B2 JP5143135 B2 JP 5143135B2 JP 2009523683 A JP2009523683 A JP 2009523683A JP 2009523683 A JP2009523683 A JP 2009523683A JP 5143135 B2 JP5143135 B2 JP 5143135B2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
- C08G59/686—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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Description
このような接着剤として、熱可塑性接着剤は、加熱により接合部の解体が可能であるが、いったん冷却すると再び接着力が復活する。解体の場合は、接着剤だけを加熱することは困難であるため、高い雰囲気温度で解体されるが、高温となった接合物の解体は、危険性の高いものであった。
佐藤千明,高分子,2005年,6月号,390頁
本発明は下記に記載するとおりの、アミン化合物と酸化性陰イオンを含有するオニウム塩の反応物を含む解体可能な接着剤、その製造方法及びその硬化方法を提供する。
酸化性陰イオンを含有するオニウム塩とアミン系化合物のアミン基を反応率が50%以上となるように反応させて得られる反応物
を含んでなる解体性接着剤。
(2) 前記有機系接着剤成分がアミン基を含有する有機系接着剤成分である(1)記載の解体性接着剤。
(3) 前記有機系接着剤成分がエポキシ系又はウレタン系主剤と、アミン系硬化剤とを含む(1)又は(2)記載の解体性接着剤。
(4) 前記オニウム塩が、過塩素酸塩、塩素酸塩、硝酸塩、及び亜硝酸塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である(1)記載の解体性接着剤。
(5) (1)〜(4)のいずれか1項に記載の解体性接着剤で被接着体と被接着体とを接着してなる構造体。
(6) 外的刺激によって接着強度を消失又は減少させることを含む、(5)記載の構造体の解体方法。
(7) 外的刺激が加熱である(6)記載の解体方法。
本明細書で言う分解促進剤とは、上記硬化剤と併用して用いた場合、解体成分の分解反応を促進する物質を意味し、解体成分の分解の触媒作用や、熱伝導性の向上により解体成分の分解を促進する物質である。
例えば、硝酸アンモニウムの分解は、クロム酸塩によって、また、過塩素酸アンモニウムの分解は、MnO2、Fe2O3によって、促進されることが知られている(「ロケット工学」日刊工業新聞社、昭和35年3月25日発行、P230〜231参照)。
そのほか、nBF(ノルマルブチルフェロセン)、DnBF(ジノルマルブチルフェロセン)、FeO(OH)などが知られている(木村逸郎著「ロケット工学」 養賢堂 1993年1月27日発行、P523参照)。
分解促進剤、発熱剤は、予め接着剤成分に含有させておいてもよいし、硬化前の接着剤中での長期安定性に問題がある場合等は、接着剤使用時に混合してもよい。
また、解体成分と分解促進剤、発熱剤を併用する場合であっても、接着剤の初期強度、接着剤の粘度の観点から、接着剤成分と、解体成分、分解促進剤、発熱剤の総量の重量比は、2/3以下であることが好ましい。
本発明の接着剤の使用箇所は、特に制限されるものではないが、リサイクル、リユース、リワーク用途に使用することが可能であり、金属−FRPや、金属−ガラスのような異材質の接着に好適に用いることができる。また異種の金属−金属、FRP−FRPの接着に用いることも可能である。
構造用接着剤として、広く用いられるエポキシ樹脂系接着剤を用いた。用いたエポキシ樹脂系接着剤は、以下のように調製した。
主剤として(a)ビスフェノールF型エポキシ(ADEKA製、商品名アデカレジンEP−4901)、アミン系硬化剤として、(b)変性脂肪族ポリアミン(ADEKA製、商品名アデカハードナーEH−463)を使用した。接着硬化する組成配合としてa/b=76.6/23.4を混合し、接着剤組成(1)(基本接着剤)とした。
解体成分として(b)変性脂肪族ポリアミンと(d)過塩素酸アンモニウムを混合して得た反応物を使用した。
接着剤1
基本接着剤(1)のみを25℃1日で硬化させたもの
接着剤2
基本接着剤(1)に過塩素酸アンモニウム(粒径10μm)を100/10の割合で配合し、25℃1日で硬化させて接着剤2を得た。
接着剤3
前記硬化剤(b)に過塩素酸アンモニウム(粒径10μm)を組成配合として23.4/10の割合で混合し、50℃2時間で反応させて解体成分と硬化剤の混合物を得た。これらを前記主剤(a)と混合した後、25℃1日で硬化させて接着剤3を得た。
接着剤4
基本接着剤(1)に過塩素酸カリウム(粒径10μm)を100/10の割合で配合し、25℃1日で硬化させて接着剤4を得た。
接着剤5
前記硬化剤(b)に過塩素酸アンモニウム(粒径10μm)を配合組成10/20の割合で混合し、50℃2時間で反応させて解体成分を得た。これを基本接着剤(1)に100/10の割合で配合し、25℃1日で硬化させて接着剤5を得た。
また、全ての接着剤において、硬化後、内部応力を排除するために120℃1時間のエージングを行った。
過塩素酸アンモニウムと変性脂肪族ポリアミンの反応前後の重量を測定し、その差より反応によって生成されたガス量を測定して反応率を求めた。
<接着強度の測定>
接着強度の測定には、上記接着剤を硬化前に幅25mm、長さ100mm、厚さ1.6mmの金属板(SUS製)の端部(長さ12.5mm、幅25mm)に塗布して張り合わせ、得られた試料の引張強度(加熱前強度)を測定温度25℃、5mm/minの引張速度で測定した。測定結果を表2に示す。
剥離試験時の加熱は、電気炉を用いて実施した。280℃雰囲気にした加熱炉中試験片を入れ、30分間加熱し、上記と同一の試験条件で引張強度(加熱後強度)を得た。試験には次の試験機を用いた。
(試験機)
SHIMADZU(島津製作所製)型式:AGS−J ロードセル:1トン(10000N)用
前記電気炉剥離試験後の接着剤の炭化度合いを次の基準で評価した。
A:炭化しており、光沢がない。
B:炭化しておらず、光沢、透明性あり。茶色に変色。
接着剤1の基本組成で接着した接着構造体試料を280℃で加熱し、加熱による剥離程度を確認した。結果を表2に示す。試験の結果、剥離はしていなかった(この場合の評価を表2の剥離可否の欄で×と表現した。)。炭化度合いはBであった。
接着剤2の接着剤を用いて接着した接着構造体試料を硬化後、引張試験を行い強度を測定したところ、接着剤1と比較して初期強度の低下が見られた。また剥離面の接着剤には細かな気泡の存在が確認された。結果を表2に示す。この結果から硬化剤と反応する酸化性陰イオンと非金属陽イオンからなる塩については、同時に混合した場合、酸化性陰イオンと非金属陽イオンからなる塩と硬化剤の反応と硬化剤と主剤の反応が同時に起こり、その結果発泡してしまい、初期強度が低下することが実証された。また280℃で加熱し、加熱による剥離程度を確認した。結果を表2に示す。試験体は電気炉に入れて30分後に剥離することが確認された(この場合の評価を表2の剥離可否の欄で○と表現した。)。炭化度合いはAであった。
実施例1
接着剤3を用いて接着した接着構造体試料の硬化後引張試験を行い、強度を測定したところ、接着剤1と同様の初期強度が得られた。結果を表2に示す。また、280℃で加熱し加熱による剥離程度を確認した。電気炉に入れて30分後に剥離することが確認された。炭化度合いはAであった。また、この時の解体成分の反応率は90%であった。
接着剤4を用いて接着した接着構造体試料の硬化後引張試験を行い、強度を測定したところ、接着剤1と同様の初期強度が得られた。結果を表2に示す。また280℃で加熱し加熱による剥離程度を確認した。電気炉に入れて30分後でも剥離はしておらず、炭化度合いはBであった。
実施例2
接着剤5を用いて接着した接着構造体試料の硬化後引張試験を行い、強度を測定したところ、接着剤1と同様の初期強度が得られた。結果を表2に示す。また、280℃で加熱し加熱による剥離程度を確認した。電気炉に入れて30分後に剥離することが確認された。炭化度合いはAであった。また、解体成分の反応率は92%であった。
Claims (7)
- 有機系接着剤成分、及び酸化性陰イオンを含有するオニウム塩とアミン系化合物のアミン基を反応率が50%以上となるように有機系接着剤成分の主剤に混合する前に反応させて得られる反応物であって、酸化性陰イオンを含有する反応物を含んでなる解体性接着剤。
- 前記有機系接着剤成分がアミン基を含有する有機系接着剤成分である請求項1記載の解体性接着剤。
- 前記有機系接着剤成分がエポキシ系又はウレタン系主剤と、アミン系硬化剤とを含む請求項1又は2記載の解体性接着剤。
- 前記オニウム塩が、過塩素酸塩、塩素酸塩、硝酸塩、及び亜硝酸塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1記載の解体性接着剤。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の解体性接着剤で被接着体と被接着体とを接着してなる構造体。
- 外的刺激によって接着強度を消失又は減少させることを含む、請求項5記載の構造体の解体方法。
- 外的刺激が加熱である請求項6記載の解体方法。
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JP6346770B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-02 | 2018-06-20 | 旭化成株式会社 | 解体性接着剤組成物 |
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DE102017116798A1 (de) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Kleber mit pyrotechnischer Soll-Schwächungsoption, Befestigungseinrichtung zum kraftübertragenden Koppeln und planmäßigen Schwächen der kraftübertragenden Koppelung, Bausatz zum Erstellen einer pyrotechnischen Soll-Schwächungsmasse, Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer pyrotechnischen Soll-Schwächungsmasse und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Befestigungseinrichtung zum kraftübertragenden Koppeln sowie Befestigungssystem und Verwendung des pyrotechnischen Klebers |
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US4493741A (en) * | 1983-04-25 | 1985-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Amine salts as bonding agents |
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US8138252B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2012-03-20 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Thermally disappearing resin particle |
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