JP4783865B2 - 多層シート、太陽電池素子用封止材、及び太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents
多層シート、太陽電池素子用封止材、及び太陽電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- JP4783865B2 JP4783865B2 JP2010535840A JP2010535840A JP4783865B2 JP 4783865 B2 JP4783865 B2 JP 4783865B2 JP 2010535840 A JP2010535840 A JP 2010535840A JP 2010535840 A JP2010535840 A JP 2010535840A JP 4783865 B2 JP4783865 B2 JP 4783865B2
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- ethylene
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- MCDBEBOBROAQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C=C MCDBEBOBROAQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTVRLCUJHGUXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyleneheptane Chemical compound CCCCC(=C)CC XTVRLCUJHGUXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JJHKARPEMHIIQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-octadecoxy-2,6-diphenylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(O)C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 JJHKARPEMHIIQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GJTGYNPBJNRYKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-ene;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.CCCCC=C GJTGYNPBJNRYKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BYURCDANQKFTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-dimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)CCCNCCN BYURCDANQKFTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWOGAKURPHNKOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[ethyl(dimethoxy)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN XWOGAKURPHNKOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZPARGTXKUIJLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]aniline Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 YZPARGTXKUIJLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxybenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQGCFBMSYBDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) propane-1,1,2,3-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NAQGCFBMSYBDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIRRCMCATRAYJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) 1H-triazine-2,4,6-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CC1(NC(CC(C1)OC(=O)N1NC(=CC(=N1)C(=O)OC1CC(NC(C1)(C)C)(C)C)C(=O)OC1CC(NC(C1)(C)C)(C)C)(C)C)C OIRRCMCATRAYJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYSUTBVWFJRUKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) 2-acetyloxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)(OC(=O)C)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 DYSUTBVWFJRUKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBUNLJQRZABWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 HBUNLJQRZABWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAJIOQHUJLPSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)C1=CC(C(=O)OC2CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C2)=CC(C(=O)OC2CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C2)=C1 HAJIOQHUJLPSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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Description
〔1〕シランカップリング剤及び主成分としてエチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーを含む(A)層を2層と、該2層の(A)層の間に配置され、融点90℃以上のポリエチレン系共重合体を主成分に含む(B)層とを含む3層構造を有し、前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の総厚が0.1〜2mmである多層シートである。但し、(B)層中におけるシランカップリング剤の樹脂材料(ポリエチレン系共重合体を含む。)に対する含有割合は、前記(A)層中におけるシランカップリング剤の樹脂材料(エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーを含む。)に対する含有割合より少ない。
〔15〕前記ポリエチレン系共重合体が、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体、エチレンと炭素数3〜8のα−オレフィンとの共重合体から選ばれる前記〔1〕〜前記〔14〕のいずれか1つに記載の多層シートである。
〔16〕前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の少なくとも一方は、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、及び酸化防止剤から選ばれる1種以上の添加剤を更に含む前記〔1〕〜前記〔15〕のいずれか1つに記載の多層シートである。
〔17〕前記(A)層の厚み(a)と前記(B)層の厚み(b)との比(a/b)が20/1〜1/20である前記〔1〕〜前記〔16〕のいずれか1つに記載の多層シートである。
〔18〕前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の総厚が0.2〜1.5mmであり、前記(A)層の厚み(a)と前記(B)層の厚み(b)との比(a/b)が10/1〜1/10である前記〔1〕〜前記〔17〕のいずれか1つに記載の多層シートである。
この多層シートは、従来のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体のように、架橋しなくても使用可能なため、太陽電池モジュールの製造工程で架橋工程が省略され、この点から低廉な価格で太陽電池モジュールを提供することができる。
本発明の多層シートは、エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーを主成分に含む(A)層と、融点90℃以上のポリエチレン系共重合体を主成分に含む(B)層とを有しており、(A)層及び(B)層のうち少なくとも(A)層は更にシランカップリング剤を含み、(A)層及び前記(B)層の総厚を0.1〜2mmとして構成されたものである。但し、(A)層中のシランカップリング剤の樹脂材料に対する含有割合は、(B)層中のシランカップリング剤の樹脂材料に対する含有割合より多くなるように構成される。
エチレン・アクリル酸共重合体の亜鉛アイオノマー、及びエチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体の亜鉛アイオノマーは、特に好ましいエチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーの例である。
中でも、シランカップリング剤としては、接着性を高め、ガラス等の基材やバックシート等との接着加工を安定して行なう点で、アミノ基を含有するアルコキシシランが好ましい。
これらの中でも、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルエチルジメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシランなどが好ましい。特に、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシランが好ましい。
ジアルコキシシランを用いた場合には、よりシート成形時の加工安定性を維持することができるのでより好ましい。
また、前記ホスファイト系酸化防止剤の具体例としては、3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジルフォスファネートジメチルエステル、ビス(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジルホスホン酸エチル、トリス(2,4−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ホスファネートなどを挙げることができる。
着色剤としては、顔料、無機化合物及び染料等が挙げられる。特に白色の着色剤として、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛及び炭酸カルシウムが挙げられる。これらの着色剤を含有する多層シートを太陽電池素子の受光側の封止材として用いる場合は、透明性を損なう場合があるが、太陽電池素子の受光側と反対側の封止材として用いる場合には好適に用いられる。
中でも、α−オレフィンの炭素原子数は、汎用性(コストや量産性)の点で、3〜10が好ましく、更には3〜8が好ましい。
上記のような性状のエチレン・α−オレフィン系共重合体は、メタロセン系触媒を用いた、スラリー重合法、溶液重合法、塊状重合法、気相重合法等で製造できる。該触媒としては、例えば、特開昭58−19309号公報、特開昭60−35005号公報、特開昭60−35006号公報、特開昭60−35007号公報、特開昭60−35008号公報、特開昭61−130314号公報、特開平3−163088号公報、特開平4−268307号公報、特開平9−12790号公報、特開平9−87313号公報、特開平10−508055号公報、特開平11−80233号公報、特表平10−508055号公報などに記載のメタロセン系触媒を例示することができる。また、メタロセン触媒を用いた製造方法の特に好ましい例として、欧州特許出願公開第1211287号明細書の方法を例示することができる。
本発明では、シランカップリング剤を(A)層とともに(B)層に含有させてもよく、(A)及び(B)両層に含有させてもよい。本発明においては、(B)層中の樹脂材料(融点90℃以上のポリエチレン系共重合体を含む。)に対するシランカップリング剤の含有割合は、(A)層中の樹脂材料(エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーを含む。)に対するシランカップリング剤の含有割合より少ないことが好ましい。中でも、より好ましくは、(B)層中のシランカップリング剤の前記含有割合が(A)層中のシランカップリング剤の前記含有割合の50%以下であり、更には(B)層はシランカップリング剤を実質的に含まないこと〔(B)層の固形分の0.1質量%以下〕が好ましく、(B)層中にシランカップリング剤を含まない場合(0質量%)が特に好ましい。
上述したように、多層シートは、(A)層及び(B)層により複数の層を形成しているものが好ましいが、特に好ましくは、(B)層からなる中間層と、該中間層を挟むようにその両面に形成された(A)層からなる外層とを含む3層シートであるか、あるいは(A)層と(B)層とを含む2層シートである。
本発明の太陽電池モジュールは、太陽電池素子の上部及び下部を保護材で固定することにより製造されるものである。本発明の太陽電池モジュールとしては、例えば、上部透明保護材/多層シート/太陽電池素子/多層シート/下部保護材のように、太陽電池素子の両側から多層シートで挟む構成のもの;上部透明保護材の内周面上に形成された太陽電池素子、例えば、ガラス、フッ素樹脂系シート上にアモルファス太陽電池素子をスパッタリング等して作製したものの上に多層シート及び下部保護材を形成させた構成のものなどが挙げられる。このような太陽電池モジュールにおいて、本発明の多層シートが(B)層/(A)層/(B)層の3層構造である場合は、外層である(B)層の一方が太陽電池素子と当接し、他方の外層である(B)層が上部透明保護材又は下部保護材と当接するように積層される。また、本発明の多層シートが(A)層/(B)層の2層構造である場合は、(A)層が太陽電池素子と当接し、(B)層が上部保護材又は下部保護材(バックシート)と当接するように積層される。
−(1)樹脂−
1.(A)層用の樹脂材料
・アイオノマー1:エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体(メタクリル酸単位含量=8.5質量%)の亜鉛アイオノマー(中和度17%、MFR5.5g/10分、融点98℃)
・アイオノマー2:エチレン・メタクリル酸・アクリル酸イソブチル3元共重合体(メタクリル酸単位含量=10質量%、アクリル酸イソブチル単位含量=10質量%)の亜鉛アイオノマー(中和度28%、MFR9g/10分)
・EVA:エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(酢酸ビニル6質量%、MFR7.5g/10分、融点94℃)
・EMAA:エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体(メタクリル酸4質量%、MFR7g/10分、融点103℃)
・PE:ポリエチレン共重合体(三井化学(株)製のエボリューSP1071C(8.6g/10分、融点110℃);エチレン・1−ヘキセン共重合体)
・アイオノマー1:エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体(メタクリル酸単位含量8.5質量%)の亜鉛アイオノマー(中和度17%、MFR5.5g/10分 融点98℃)
・アイオノマー3:エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体(メタクリル酸単位含量15質量%)の亜鉛アイオノマー(中和度23%、MFR5g/10分、融点91℃)
・酸化防止剤:Irganox1010(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ(株)製)
・紫外線吸収剤:2−ヒドロキシ−4−n−オクトキシベンゾフェノン
・耐光安定剤:ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)セバケート
・シランカップリング剤:N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン
なお、紫外線吸収剤及び耐光安定剤は、各層に含有する樹脂と同じ樹脂とともに、樹脂/紫外線吸収剤/耐光安定剤=95.5/3/1.5の質量比で予め2軸押出機にて安定剤マスターバッチを作成して用いた。
形成する各層の配合はいずれも、以下の質量比で予め混合して行なった。シランカップリング剤を配合する場合は、ポリエチレン袋で混合し、タンブラーで30分以上攪拌して用いた。
<(A)層>
・(A)−1:アイオノマー1/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤/シランカップリング剤=96/4/0.03/0.2
・(A)−2:アイオノマー2/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤/シランカップリング剤=96/4/0.03/0.4
・(A)−3:アイオノマー1/EMAA/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤/シランカップリング剤=66/30/4/0.03/0.4
<(B)層>
・(B)−1:EVA/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤=96/4/0.03
・(B)−2:EMAA/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤=96/4/0.03
・(B)−3:PE/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤=96/4/0.03
・(B)−4:アイオノマー1/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤=96/4/0.03
・(B)−5:アイオノマー3/安定剤マスターバッチ/酸化防止剤=96/4/0.03
i)3.9mm青板未強化ガラス(旭硝子社製)
ii)3.2mm青板強化ガラス(旭硝子社製)
iii)3.2mm白板熱処理ガラス(旭硝子社製)
iv)バックシート:MAパッケージ社製のALTD700
下記の実施例及び比較例で作製した多層シートに対する評価方法を以下に示す。
i)層間接着強度
多層シートの層間の接着強度を実際に剥がして接着強度を測定した。15mm幅で引張速度300mm/分の条件で測定した。
3.9mm厚の青板未強化ガラス(75mm×120mm)及びバックシートと0.4mm厚の多層シートとを用い、真空加熱貼合器(LM−50x50S、NPC社製)により150℃、6分間の条件で、青板未強化ガラス/多層シート、あるいは青板未強化ガラス/多層シート/バックシートからなる構成の試料を作製した。これらの試料について、ガラスと多層シート間、多層シートとバックシート間の接着強度を測定し、その最大値を、接着強度を評価する指標とした。15mm幅で引張速度100mm/分の条件で測定した。
3.2mm厚の青板強化ガラス(75mm×120mm)及び0.4mm厚の多層シートを用い、真空加熱貼合器(LM−50x50S、NPC社製)により150℃、6分間の条件でガラス/多層シート/ガラスからなる構成の試料を作製した。この試料について、ヘイズメーター(スガ試験機(株)製)にてJIS−K7105に準じて全光線透過率を測定し、その測定値を透明性を評価する指標とした。
3.2mm厚の白板熱処理ガラス(250mm×250mm)及び多層シートを用い、多結晶シリコンセル(PHOTOWATT社製、PWP4CP3、101mm×101mm、多結晶シリコンセル、厚み250μm)、多層シート、バックシートの順に積層し、真空加熱貼合器(LM−50x50S、NPC社製)により150℃、6分間の条件で貼り合わせて試料を作製した。100℃のオーブン中で、60°の傾斜を掛けて8時間後にシリコンセルにズレが生じるか確認した。
下記実施例1、3、7、及び比較例1で作製した多層シートについて、これら多層シートの各々を、2枚の3.2mm厚の青板ガラス(120mm×75mm)で挟み、真空加熱貼合器(LM−50x50S、NPC社製)により170℃、10分間の条件で貼り合わせ、ガラス構成の試料を作製した。これを滅菌処理器(MCS−23型、アルプ(株)製)にて、105℃、100%RH、0.12MPaの条件で12時間処理し、外観変化(発泡)が起こるか観察した。結果は、下記表2に示す。
多層シートは、以下に示す成形機を用いて作製した。下記の成形機はいずれも40mmφ単軸押出機であり、ダイ幅は500mmである。
・3種3層多層キャスト成形機:田辺プラスチックス機械(株)製
・共押出フィードブロック:EDI社製
(A)−1を外層に、(B)−2を中間層に用いて、多層キャスト成形機により樹脂温度180℃にて、厚み比率(外層1/中間層/外層2)=1/2/1、総厚400μm(0.4mm)の多層シートを作製した。この多層シートを用いて各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、中間層として用いた(B)−2を(B)−1に代え、厚み比率(外層1/中間層/外層2)=1/4/1(総厚=0.4mm)にしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、中間層として用いた(B)−2を(B)−3に代えたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、中間層として用いた(B)−2を(B)−4に代えた(総厚=0.4mm)こと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、外層として用いた(A)−1を(A)−2に代え、中間層として用いた(B)−2を(B)−4に代えた(総厚=0.4mm)こと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、外層として用いた(A)−1を(A)−2に代え、中間層として用いた(B)−2を(B)−5に代えた(総厚=0.4mm)こと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、外層として用いた(A)−1を(A)−3に代えた(総厚=0.3mm)こと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多層シートを作製し、各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、外層1、外層2及び中間層のいずれにも(A)−1を用い、(A)−1で構成された単層シート(厚み=0.4mm)を作製した。加工条件は実施例1と同様とし、また、実施例1と同様にして各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例1において、外層1、外層2及び中間層のいずれにも(A)−2を用い、(A)−2で構成された単層シート(厚み=0.4mm)を作製した。加工条件は実施例1と同様とし、また、実施例1と同様にして各種評価を行なった。結果を下記表1に示す。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、および技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、および技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (20)
- シランカップリング剤及び主成分としてエチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーを含む(A)層を2層と、該2層の(A)層の間に配置され、融点90℃以上のポリエチレン系共重合体を主成分に含み、シランカップリング剤の樹脂材料に対する含有割合が前記(A)層中の含有割合より少ない(B)層とを含む3層構造を有し、
前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の総厚が0.1〜2mmである多層シート。 - 前記(A)層は、前記シランカップリング剤を前記エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマー100質量部に対して3質量部以下の割合で含有する請求項1に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層は、前記シランカップリング剤を前記エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマー100質量部に対して0.03〜3質量部の割合で含有する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層は、前記シランカップリング剤を前記エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマー100質量部に対して0.05〜1.5質量部の割合で含有する請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(B)層中のシランカップリング剤の含有割合が、前記(A)層中のシランカップリング剤の含有割合の50%以下である請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(B)層は、シランカップリング剤を実質的に含まない請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記シランカップリング剤が、アミノ基を有するジアルコキシシランである請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記シランカップリング剤が、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルエチルジメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、及び3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシランから選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層中のエチレン系亜鉛アイオノマー及び前記(B)層中の融点90℃以上のポリエチレン系共重合体のメルトフローレート(MFR;JIS K7210−1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が、0.1〜150g/10分である請求項1〜請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーは、エチレン由来の構成単位及び不飽和カルボン酸に由来の構成単位を有し、エチレンから導かれる構成単位の含有割合が95〜75質量%であり、不飽和カルボン酸から導かれる構成単位の含有割合が5〜25質量%であるエチレン・不飽和カルボン酸共重合体の亜鉛アイオノマーである請求項1〜請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記不飽和カルボン酸が、アクリル酸又はメタクリル酸である請求項10に記載の多層シート。
- 前記エチレン系亜鉛アイオノマーは、中和度が5%以上60%以下である請求項1〜請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記ポリエチレン系共重合体が、エチレン・不飽和カルボン酸共重合体又はそのアイオノマーである請求項1〜請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記エチレン・不飽和カルボン酸共重合体のアイオノマーが、エチレン・アクリル酸共重合体又はエチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体の亜鉛アイオノマーである請求項13に記載の多層シート。
- 前記ポリエチレン系共重合体が、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・メタクリル酸共重合体、エチレンと炭素数3〜8のα−オレフィンとの共重合体から選ばれる請求項1〜請求項14のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の少なくとも一方は、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、及び酸化防止剤から選ばれる1種以上の添加剤を更に含む請求項1〜請求項15のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層の厚み(a)と前記(B)層の厚み(b)との比(a/b)が20/1〜1/20である請求項1〜請求項16のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 前記(A)層及び前記(B)層の総厚が0.2〜1.5mmであり、前記(A)層の厚み(a)と前記(B)層の厚み(b)との比(a/b)が10/1〜1/10である請求項1〜請求項17のいずれか1項に記載の多層シート。
- 請求項1〜請求項18のいずれか1項に記載の多層シートを有する太陽電池素子用封止材。
- 請求項19に記載の太陽電池素子用封止材を備えた太陽電池モジュール。
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2009
- 2009-10-29 CN CN200980142987.8A patent/CN102196909B/zh active Active
- 2009-10-29 KR KR1020147011552A patent/KR20140060590A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2009-10-29 KR KR1020117009560A patent/KR20110063690A/ko active Application Filing
- 2009-10-29 JP JP2010535840A patent/JP4783865B2/ja active Active
- 2009-10-29 US US13/126,177 patent/US20110272026A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-10-29 WO PCT/JP2009/068618 patent/WO2010050570A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-10-29 DE DE112009002670.2T patent/DE112009002670B4/de active Active
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2015
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2006095762A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-14 | Du Pont/Mitsui Polychemicals Co. Ltd. | 太陽電池封止材 |
WO2008078801A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co. Ltd. | エチレン共重合体組成物、それからなる太陽電池素子封止用シート及びそれを用いた太陽電池モジュール |
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DE112009002670B4 (de) | 2020-02-20 |
US20150333206A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
JPWO2010050570A1 (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
WO2010050570A1 (ja) | 2010-05-06 |
CN102196909A (zh) | 2011-09-21 |
DE112009002670T5 (de) | 2013-10-10 |
KR20110063690A (ko) | 2011-06-13 |
KR20140060590A (ko) | 2014-05-20 |
US20110272026A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
CN102196909B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
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