JP4509523B2 - 有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 166
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical group ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 description 5
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- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007665 chronic toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
「消・脱臭技術の進歩と実務」平成3年、総合技術センター発行、第5章活性炭・活性炭素繊維の特性と応用、P389〜391
r=−[2VmγcosΦ]/[RTln(P/P0)] (I)
r:細孔半径(cm)
Vm:水の分子容(cm3/mol)=18.079(30℃)
γ:表面張力(dyne/cm)=71.15(30℃)
Φ:毛細管壁と水との接触角(°)=55°
R:ガス定数(erg/deg・mol)=8.3143×107
T:絶対温度(K)=303.15
P:細孔内の水の示す飽和蒸気圧(mmHg)
P0:水の1気圧(絶対圧)、30℃における飽和蒸気圧(mmHg)=31.824
X−ray Diff.Procedures、p537(1954) 繊維学会誌、31巻(1975)、P203〜214
J.Appl.Phy.vol.13(1942)p364〜371、炭素材料学会編集「活性炭−基礎と応用」1990年度版、講談社発行、第1章活性炭の構造、P4〜7 炭素材料学会編集「活性炭−基礎と応用」1990年度版、講談社発行、第1活性炭の構造、P7
出発原料として平均重合度1700のポリビニルアルコールを溶解した水溶液を、凝固浴としてホウ酸水溶液を使用して湿式紡糸し、1800デニールのポリビニルアルコール繊維を得た。該ポリビニルアルコール繊維をカード機で処理し、さらに、ニードルパンチを施すことにより不織布を作製した。
フェノール樹脂繊維(株式会社製日本カイノール製フェノール樹脂繊維、商品名カイノール繊維)を用い、実施例1と同様にして不織布を製造し、400℃及び650℃で2段階の昇温を行い、繊維を炭化した。この炭化繊維を、水蒸気と炭酸ガスからなる混合ガス(混合比率水蒸気/炭酸ガス=1/1)の存在下、850℃で賦活した。得られたフェノール樹脂系繊維状活性炭の25℃、相対湿度37%における平衡水分率は3.3%、窒素ガスによるBET比表面積は1300m2/g、細孔容積は0.42cc/gであり、水蒸気法で測定した細孔半径7〜15Åの範囲にある細孔容積は、細孔半径100Å以下の細孔の占める容積の96%であった。
ピッチ系繊維を使用し、賦活温度850℃で賦活を行った。得られた繊維状活性炭のX線回折強度曲線を図2に示すが、Ip/Ioは0.53であり、高い結晶性を有していた。この繊維状活性炭を使用し、実施例1と同様にして塩化メチレンの吸脱着試験を100回行い、分離廃液のpHを測定したところ3.1であり、強い酸性を示した。
アクリル系繊維を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして繊維状活性炭を製造した。この繊維状活性炭のIp/Ioは0.48であり、結晶性の高い繊維状活性炭であった。実施例1と同様にして塩化メチレンの回収を行ったところ、分離廃液のpHは3.5であり、強い酸性を示した。
フェノール系繊維の賦活条件を変更することにより、水分吸着率が0.8%、BET比表面積2600m2/g、細孔容積率73%、Ip/Io0.2の繊維状活性炭を得た。実施例1と同様にして塩化メチレンの回収を行ったところ、分離廃液のpHは6.5であったが、塩化メチレン除去率は82%と低かった。
フェノール系繊維の賦活条件を変更することにより、水分吸着率16.8%の繊維状活性炭を得た。この繊維状活性炭のBET比表面積は800m2/g、細孔容積は0.22cc/g、細孔割合は72%、Ip/Ioは0.37であった。実施例1と同様にして塩化メチレンの回収を行ったところ、分離廃液のpHは6.2であったが、塩化メチレン除去率は78%と低かった。
比較例1で製造したピッチ系の繊維状活性炭を使用し、有機塩素系溶剤としてトリクロロエチレンを使用し、トリクロロエチレンの回収を行った。分離廃液のpHは2.9で極めて強い酸性を示した。
ι・・・(002)面のX線回折ピークの両裾に引いた接線
Ip・・・(002)面のX線回折ピークの両裾に引いた接線から上の部分の強度の最大値
Io・・・(002)面の回折強度から空気の散乱強度を差し引いた残りの強度
Claims (4)
- (a)25℃、相対湿度37%における平衡吸着水分率が1.0〜15.0%、(b)BET比表面積が300〜2500m2/g、(c)細孔容積が0.25〜2.0cc/gで、かつ(d)水蒸気法で測定した細孔半径6〜16Åの範囲にある細孔の容積が、細孔半径100Å以下の細孔の占める容積の80%以上であって、(e)X線回折強度曲線の(002)面の回折ピークにおける黒鉛的結晶性構造パラメータIp/Ioが0.35以下の繊維状活性炭を使用することを特徴とする有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法であって、スチームにより該溶剤を繊維状活性炭から脱着させることを特徴とする有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法。ただし、IpはX線回折強度曲線において、(002)面の回折ピ−クの両裾に接線を引き、その接線から上の部分の強度の最大値であり、Ioは(002)面の回折強度から空気の散乱強度を差し引いた残りの強度である。
- 該黒鉛的結晶性構造パラメータIp/Ioが0.3以下である請求項1記載の有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法。
- 該繊維状活性炭がフェノール系又はポリビニルアルコール系の繊維状活性炭である請求項1又は2記載の有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法。
- 該有機塩素系溶剤が塩化メチレンである請求項1〜3いずれかに記載の有機塩素系溶剤の回収方法。
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Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4509502B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-01 | 2010-07-21 | クラレケミカル株式会社 | 混合溶剤の回収方法 |
US8265330B2 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2012-09-11 | Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd. | Material for speaker device and speaker device using it |
JP5327009B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-17 | 2013-10-30 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 活性炭素繊維 |
JP6542559B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2019-07-10 | 株式会社クラレ | 気相吸着用活性炭 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63100009A (ja) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-05-02 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 活性炭 |
JPH11276840A (ja) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-12 | Toho Kako Kensetsu Kk | 有機溶剤回収方法及び回収装置 |
JP2001240407A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-09-04 | Kuraray Chem Corp | 活性炭及びその製造方法 |
JP2001293329A (ja) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-23 | Toho Kako Kensetsu Kk | 有機溶剤回収装置、及び同回収方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-10-03 JP JP2003345105A patent/JP4509523B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63100009A (ja) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-05-02 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 活性炭 |
JPH11276840A (ja) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-12 | Toho Kako Kensetsu Kk | 有機溶剤回収方法及び回収装置 |
JP2001240407A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-09-04 | Kuraray Chem Corp | 活性炭及びその製造方法 |
JP2001293329A (ja) * | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-23 | Toho Kako Kensetsu Kk | 有機溶剤回収装置、及び同回収方法 |
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