JP4437913B2 - 表面発光型半導体レーザ素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
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- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
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Description
さらに本発明の他の目的は、反射率の調整を行うと同時にレーザ光のモードの安定性を改善するVCSELの構造を提供する。
2、22 下部多層反射膜
3 コンタクト層(下部多層反射膜の一部)
4、25 スペーサ層
5、26 量子井戸層を含む活性層
6 AlAs層(上部多層反射膜の一部)
6a、24a 酸化領域
7、27 上部多層反射膜
8、28 層間絶縁膜
8a、8b コンタクトホール
9、29 頂部電極(上部電極)
10、30 付加反射膜
11 底部電極
21 GaAs基板
24 Al0.98Ga0.02As層(下部多層反射膜の一部)
31 裏面電極
101、111 メサ(ポスト)
Claims (11)
- 基板と、
基板上に形成された第1導電型の第1の反射層と、
第1の反射層上に形成された活性領域と、
活性領域上に形成された第2導電型の第2の反射層と、
第1の反射層と電気的に接続された第1の電極と、
レーザ光を出射する出射領域を規定する開口を含み、該開口によって第2の反射層の最上層が露出されるように第2の反射層上に他の層を介在させずに直接形成された第2の電極と、
第1の電極と第2の電極から駆動電流を注入してレーザ素子の動作特性を確認することによって決定された積層周期からなり、かつ前記開口を覆うように第2の電極上に形成された第3の反射層とを含み、
第3の反射層は、少なくとも開口内において第2の反射層の最上層上に直接他の層を介在させずに形成されかつ第2の反射層と電気的に接触し、前記第2の反射層の反射率を調整するように前記決定された積層周期からなる前記レーザ光の一部を透過する2種類の導電性の酸化膜を交互に重ねた積層体であり、かつ各酸化膜の厚さはλ/4nr(λは発振波長、nrは媒質中の光学屈折率)である、表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。 - 前記導電性の酸化膜は、スズをドープした酸化インジウム(ITO)とアルミニウムをドープした酸化亜鉛(ZnO)である、請求項1に記載の表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。
- 第1または第2の反射層の少なくとも一方は、電流狭窄層を含み、該電流狭窄層は導電性領域の周囲に酸化領域を含む、請求項1または2に記載の表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。
- 電流狭窄層の導電性領域に対して電極の開口が整合され、前記開口の径が導電性領域の径よりも小さい、請求項3に記載の表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。
- 第1および第2の反射層は、アルミニウムの組成比Xが異なるAlxGa1−xAs層を交互に重ねた積層体である、請求項1ないし4いずれかに記載の表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。
- 少なくとも第2の反射層から電流狭窄層を含むメサが基板上に形成され、電流狭窄層の酸化領域はメサの側面より酸化される、請求項1ないし5いずれかに記載の表面発光型半導体レーザ素子。
- 基板上に、第1導電型の第1の半導体多層反射膜、第2導電型の第2の半導体多層反射膜、第1、第2の半導体多層反射膜の間の活性領域および第1および第2の半導体多層反射膜の間の少なくとも1つの電流狭窄層を形成する第1のステップと、
第1の半導体多層反射膜に電気的に接続された第1の電極、および出射領域を規定する開口を含み、該開口によって第2の半導体多層反射膜の最上層が露出されるように第2の半導体多層反射膜上に他の層を介在させずに直接形成され活性領域に電流を注入するための第2の電極を形成する第2のステップと、
第1および第2の電極から電流を注入して素子の動作特性を確認して第2の半導体多層反射膜上に形成される付加反射膜の積層周期を決定する第3のステップと、
素子の動作確認後に、第2の半導体多層反射膜上に、第2の半導体多層反射膜の反射率を調整するため前記決定された積層周期からなる付加反射膜を形成する第4のステップとを有し、
前記付加反射膜は、少なくとも開口内において第2の半導体多層反射膜の最上層上に直接他の層を介在させずに形成されかつ第2の半導体多層反射膜と電気的に接触し、前記レーザ光の一部を透過する前記決定された積層周期からなる2種類の導電性の酸化膜を交互に重ねた積層体であり、かつ各酸化膜の厚さはλ/4nr(λは発振波長、nrは媒質中の光学屈折率)である、
を有する表面発光型半導体レーザの製造方法。 - 前記導電性の酸化膜は、スズをドープした酸化インジウム(ITO)とアルミニウムをドープした酸化亜鉛(ZnO)である、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 第3のステップは、素子の発振しきい値電流を計測するステップを含む、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 第3のステップは、最大光出力を計測するステップを含む、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 第1のステップはさらに、少なくとも電流狭窄層の側面が露出する基板上の半導体層をエッチングしてメサを形成するステップと、メサの側面から酸化させ電流狭窄層に酸化領域を形成するステップとを含む、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
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JP2008283028A (ja) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-20 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 面発光型半導体レーザ、面発光型半導体レーザの製造方法、モジュール、光源装置、情報処理装置、光送信装置、光空間伝送装置および光空間伝送システム。 |
US8073034B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2011-12-06 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Mesa vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser |
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2003
- 2003-11-25 JP JP2003393580A patent/JP4437913B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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