JP2017524514A - 排気ガス処理システム - Google Patents
排気ガス処理システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017524514A JP2017524514A JP2016572814A JP2016572814A JP2017524514A JP 2017524514 A JP2017524514 A JP 2017524514A JP 2016572814 A JP2016572814 A JP 2016572814A JP 2016572814 A JP2016572814 A JP 2016572814A JP 2017524514 A JP2017524514 A JP 2017524514A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- treatment system
- gas treatment
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 38
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002604 lanthanum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
Description
耐火担持酸化物に担持された白金族金属、及び
ランタン
を含有する触媒材料を含む排気ガス処理システムにおいて、ランタンは耐火担持酸化物の重量を基準にLa2O3換算で少なくとも13重量%の量含まれることを特徴とする。
耐火担持酸化物に担持された白金族金属、及び
ランタン
を含有する触媒材料を含む酸化触媒において、ランタンは耐火担持酸化物の重量を基準にLa2O3換算で少なくとも13重量%の量含まれることを特徴とする。
a)触媒材料を以下のようにして作製した。
a)シリカ−アルミナの代わりに約200m2/gの高比表面積のランタン安定化アルミナ(市場で購入可能)を使用した以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.042であった。
a)0.14g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を10.23g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.014であった。
a)1.36g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を11.45g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.14であった。
a)2.72g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を12.81g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.28であった。
a)4.87g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を14.96g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.50であった。
a)7.79g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を17.88g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.80であった。
a)9.74g/Lの酸化ランタンを添加して総WC量を19.83g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は1.0であった。
a)1.35g/Lの酸化ランタンに相当する硝酸ランタン六水和物を添加して総WC量を11.45g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.14であった。
a)2.72g/Lの酸化ランタンに相当する硝酸ランタン六水和物を添加して総WC量を12.81g/Lとした以外は、前述の比較例1のセクションa)と同様に触媒材料を作製した。Pt/Pd担持体の高比表面積アルミナのアルミナ部に対する酸化ランタンの重量比は0.28であった。
上述の実施例に従って作製した触媒CC1〜CC3及びC1〜C7を実験用リアクターで評価し、触媒が新品の状態及びエージングした状態での、触媒出口におけるガス中のNOXに対するNO2比率の違いを求めた。
作製したサンプルから穴をあけて取り出したコアを、750℃のオーブンで16時間、熱水処理(10% H2O、10% O2、残部はN2)した。
実験用リアクターにコアを設置し、合成排気ガス(10% O2、45ppm CO、1100ppm NO、40ppm C1 HC(C3H6とC3H8との2:1混合物)、10ppm H2、7% H2O、7% CO2、残部は窒素)を2000L/hの総流量でコアに流した。合成ガスの温度は70℃から400℃まで20℃/分の昇温速度で昇温させ、この昇温中、出口におけるガスのNOxに対するNO2比率を従来の装置で測定した。新品のコアを評価する際には、前処理として評価前に650℃まで昇温させた合成ガスを15分間コアに流した。導入ガスの温度が約300℃の際のNOxに対するNO2比率測定値、及びエージングの後の減少を以下の表では代表データとして記載した。
実施例1b)による酸化触媒(触媒C1)をChabazite型ゼオライト(CuO換算で3.5重量%の銅を含有)[SCR触媒]でコーティングされた通常の貫流型基材と組み合わせて、本発明の排気ガス処理システムを作製した。使用中、排気ガスは酸化触媒を通過した後、続けてSCR触媒を通過する。
Claims (13)
- 酸化触媒とSCR触媒とを備える排気ガス処理システムであって、前記酸化触媒は不活性のセラミック又は金属のハニカム構造体及び触媒活性コーティングを含み、前記触媒活性コーティングは、
耐火担持酸化物に担持された白金族金属、及び
ランタン
を含有する触媒材料を含む排気ガス処理システムにおいて、
ランタンは前記耐火担持酸化物の重量を基準にLa2O3換算で少なくとも13重量%の量含まれることを特徴とする、排気ガス処理システム。 - 前記触媒材料中の前記ランタンの量が、前記耐火担持酸化物の重量を基準にLa2O3換算で13〜100重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料中の前記ランタンの量が、前記耐火担持酸化物の重量を基準にLa2O3換算で25〜80重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1及び/又は2に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料中の前記白金族金属が、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム及びこれらの少なくとも2つの混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料が、白金族金属として、白金、パラジウム、又は白金及びパラジウムを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料が、白金族金属として、白金及びパラジウムを含み、Pt:Pd比が1:2〜12:1であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料中の前記耐火担持酸化物が、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化シリコン、二酸化チタン、アルミニウム−シリコン混合酸化物、酸化セリウム、酸化ジルコニウム、セリウム−ジルコニウム混合酸化物、及びこれらの少なくとも2つの混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記触媒材料中の前記耐火担持酸化物が、アルミニウム−シリコン混合酸化物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記SCR触媒が、混合酸化物又はゼオライトを基にしたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記SCR触媒が、β−ゼオライト、ZSM−5、CHA、SAPO及びALPO材料からなる群から選択されるゼオライトを基にしたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記SCR触媒が、Cu−CHA又はCu−SAPO−34であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 使用中には前記酸化触媒が前記排気ガス処理システム内で前記SCR触媒の上流に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 請求項1〜12の一項以上に記載の排気ガス処理システムの一部を形成するSCR触媒に適切な、排気ガス中のNO2のNOxに対する比率を一定にする方法において、前記排気ガスは前記SCR触媒に接触する前に前記酸化触媒を通過することを特徴とする、方法。
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WO2019042883A1 (de) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Palladium-zeolith-basierter passiver stickoxid-adsorber-katalysator zur abgasreinigung |
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