JP2016514891A - 絶縁層を含む電極構造体、その製造方法及びその電極を含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
絶縁層を含む電極構造体、その製造方法及びその電極を含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016514891A JP2016514891A JP2016506268A JP2016506268A JP2016514891A JP 2016514891 A JP2016514891 A JP 2016514891A JP 2016506268 A JP2016506268 A JP 2016506268A JP 2016506268 A JP2016506268 A JP 2016506268A JP 2016514891 A JP2016514891 A JP 2016514891A
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Abstract
Description
(S1)電極活物質層用スラリーを、加熱された底面に置かれた電極集電体上に塗布及び乾燥する段階
(S2)前記底面と所定の間隔を有するように位置した加熱されたロールに、無機物粒子、バインダー及び溶媒を含む絶縁層用スラリーを塗布して乾燥する段階
(S3)前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーを、前記底面上の乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーに転写し、前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーと乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーとを熱圧着する段階
<絶縁層が含まれた電極の製造>
実施例1
絶縁層用スラリーの製造
アルミナ(Al2O3)粉末100重量部に対してカルボキシルメチルセルロース(CMC)2重量部、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)4重量部を、溶剤である蒸留水(H2O)に添加して混合し、約12時間以上溶解して高分子溶液を製造した。前記高分子溶液を12時間以上ボールミル法を用いてアルミナ粉末を破砕及び分散して絶縁層用スラリーを製造した。
負極活物質として炭素粉末96%、結合剤としてCMC−SBR3重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック1重量%を、溶剤の蒸留水(H2O)に添加して負極活物質用スラリーを製造した。
正極活物質としてリチウムコバルト複合酸化物(LiCoO2)92重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック4重量%、結合剤としてCMC−SBR4重量%を、溶剤のN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)に添加して正極活物質用スラリーを製造した。
図1のような底面に、厚さ15μmの銅集電体を置いて、前記銅集電体の上に前記負極活物質層用スラリーを塗布して乾燥した。この際、底面の温度は100℃であった。また、スロットダイを通じて加熱されたロールに絶縁層用スラリーを塗布して乾燥した。この際、ロールの温度は120℃であった。乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーの厚さ及び平均通気度は、それぞれ25μm、350秒/100ml(Gurley number)であった。前記両スラリーが乾燥し、前記加熱されたロールと底面とがローリングされながら、前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーが、乾燥した負極活物質層スラリーに転写されながら乾燥した両スラリーが圧着されて一体に形成された絶縁層及び負極活物質層が形成された負極構造体を製造した。この際、前記加熱されたロールと底面との間隔は100μmであった。
前述のように製造したコーティングされた負極及びコーティングされた正極を積層方式で組み立て、通常のポリオレフィン系セパレーターは別途使用しなかった。組み立てられた電池に電解液 (エチレンカーボネート(EC)/プロピレンカーボネート(PC)/ジエチルカーボネイト(DEC)=30/20/50重量%、リチウムヘキサフロロホースペイト(LiPF6)1モル)を注入して電池を製造した。
表面観察
走査電子顕微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)で実施例1によるリチウム二次電池の電極を観察し、そのSEM写真を図4及び図5に示した。
20:電極活物質層用スラリー
21:電極活物質
30:絶縁層用スラリー
31:無機物粒子
40:多孔性基材
100、300:加熱されたロール
101:スロットダイ
200:加熱された底面
Claims (19)
- (S1)電極活物質層用スラリーを、加熱された底面に置かれた電極集電体上に塗布及び乾燥する段階と、
(S2)前記底面と所定の間隔を有するように位置した加熱されたロールに、無機物粒子、バインダー及び溶媒を含む絶縁層用スラリーを塗布して乾燥する段階と、
(S3)前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーを、前記底面上の乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーに転写し、前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーと乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーとを熱圧着する段階と、を含んで電極表面に絶縁層を形成する電極構造体の製造方法。 - 前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリー及び乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーの熱圧着時、前記乾燥した絶縁層用スラリーと乾燥した電極活物質層用スラリーとの間に多孔性基材を介する請求項1に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記加熱された底面の温度は、40から200℃である請求項1または請求項2に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記加熱されたロールの温度は、40から200℃である請求項1から請求項3のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記加熱された底面と加熱されたロールとの間隔は、0.01から10mmである請求項1から請求項4のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記熱圧着時の加圧条件が、1から500kgf/cm2である請求項1から請求項5のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記底面は、移送手段に連結されたベルト形態である請求項1から請求項6のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、アセトン(acetone)、テトラハイドロフラン(tetrahydrofuran)、メチレンクロライド(methylene chloride)、クロロホルム(chloroform)、ジメチルホルムアミド(dimethylformamide)、ジメチルアセトアミド(dimethylacetamide)、ヘキサメチルホスホアミド(hexamethylphosphoamide)、アセトニトリル(acetonitrile)、シクロヘキサノン(cyclohexanone)、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(N−methyl−2−pyrrolidone,NMP)、シクロヘキサン(cyclohexane)及び水(蒸留水)からなる群より選択されたいずれか1種類またはこれらのうち2種類以上の混合物である請求項1から請求項7のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記バインダーは、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン(polyvinylidene fluoride−co−hexafluoropropylene)、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−トリクロロエチレン(polyvinylidene fluoride−co−trichloroethylene)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(polymethylmethacrylate)、ポリブチルアクリレート(polybutylacrylate)、ポリアクリロニトリル(polyacrylonitrile)、ポリビニルピロリドン(polyvinylpyrrolidone)、ポリビニルアセテート(polyvinylacetate)、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体(polyethylene−co−vinyl acetate)、ポリエチレンオキサイド(polyethylene oxide)、ポリアリレート(polyarylate)、セルロースアセテート(cellulose acetate)、セルロースアセテートブチレート(cellulose acetate butyrate)、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート(cellulose acetate propionate)、シアノエチルプルラン(cyanoethylpullulan)、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール(cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol)、シアノエチルセルロース(cyanoethylcellulose)、シアノエチルスクロース(cyanoethylsucrose)、プルラン(pullulan)、カルボキシルメチルセルロース(carboxyl methyl cellulose,CMC)及びスチレンブタジエンゴム(styrene butadiene rubber,SBR)からなる群より選択されるいずれか一つのバインダー高分子またはこれらのうち2種類以上の混合物である請求項1から請求項8のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記熱圧着された絶縁層の厚さは1から100μmである請求項1から請求項9のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子の平均粒径は、0.001から10μmである請求項1から請求項10のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子とバインダー高分子との重量比が、50:50から99:1である請求項1から請求項11のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記熱圧着された電極活物質層の厚さは、0.5から200μmである請求項1から請求項12のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記電極活物質層用スラリーに含まれた電極活物質が正極活物質であり、前記電極構造体は正極構造体である請求項1から請求項13のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 前記電極活物質層用スラリーに含まれた電極活物質が負極活物質であり、前記電極構造体は負極構造体である請求項1から請求項14のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法。
- 請求項1から請求項15のうちいずれか一項に記載の電極構造体の製造方法に従って製造された電極構造体。
- 前記電極構造体は、電極集電体、前記集電体上に位置した電極活物質層及び前記電極活物質層上に位置し、無機物粒子、バインダー及び溶媒を含む絶縁層用スラリーから形成された絶縁層を備え、
前記電極活物質層及び絶縁層の接着力が0.5から100gf/mmであり、電極活物質層と絶縁層とが一体に形成された請求項16に記載の電極構造体。 - 正極、負極及び電解液を含む電気化学素子であって、
前記正極及び負極のうち少なくとも一つ以上は請求項16または請求項17による電極構造体である電気化学素子。 - 前記電気化学素子は、リチウム二次電池である請求項18に記載の電気化学素子。
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