JP2014507482A - 間葉系幹細胞エキソソームに関連する方法および組成物 - Google Patents
間葉系幹細胞エキソソームに関連する方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2011年3月11日に出願された米国仮特許出願、表題「METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS RELATING TO MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL EXOSOMES」、第61/451,981号に対する優先権を主張し、該出願の内容は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
連邦政府により支援を受けた研究
本発明は、国立心肺血液研究所に授与された助成金番号RO1 HL055454およびR01 HL085446における政府の支援によりなされた。政府は、本発明において特定の権利を有する。
早産児は、正期産児または少し早めに生まれた(near term)乳児よりも高い確率で、特定の慢性の肺(または呼吸器)疾患(または状態)を罹患するか、またはこれを発症する危険性がある。乳児の肺および呼吸の能力は易感染性であるため、これらの疾患はしばしば致死性である。早産児の生存率の増大は、かかる肺疾患の発生率の増大をもたらした。炎症は、肺高血圧症(PHまたはPAH)、喘息、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、特発性肺線維症(IPF)、および乳児期の慢性肺疾患、別名気管支肺異形成症(BDP)を含む多発性肺疾患の重要な病態生理学的特徴である。早産児の生存率の増大は、BDPならびにそれに伴う合併症(続発性PH、喘息および生後1年間における再入院率を含む)の発生率の増大をもたらした。BDPは、早産児の一般的な合併症であり(Kinsella et al., Lancet, 2006, 367:1421-1431; Stenmark and Abman, Annu Rev Physiol, 2005, 67:623-661)、幾つかの研究においては、妊娠29週未満において出生した早産児の35〜40%までにおいても発症し得る。その根底にある原因として、機械的傷害、酸素中毒症(oxygen toxicity)、感染症、ならびに、結果として生じる肺の炎症および発達中の肺の損傷が挙げられる。BDPを制御するための試みは、穏和な人工呼吸戦略および副腎皮質ステロイドなどの抗炎症剤の使用を伴ってきた。これらの処置は、しかし、限定的な成功しか有さず、受容することができない副作用を有する(Baveja and Christou, Semin Perinatol, 2006, 30:209-218)。これらの慢性肺疾患の長期的影響もまた懸念され、これは、持続的な肺の損傷および神経発生の遅延を含む。PHは、BDPの重篤な合併症であり、高い死亡率を伴う。これはまた、COPDなどの他の形態の肺疾患に関連する。より近年では、PHは、炎症を伴う機構を通しての住血吸虫症の主要な合併症であると認識されてきた。住血吸虫症は、地球上の特定の地域においては非常に高い有病率を有し、続発性PHに高度に関連し、この血管疾患の発生率を世界的に劇的に増大させる可能性を有する。
本発明は、間葉系幹細胞(MSC)由来のエキソソームを含む組成物、ならびに肺疾患の処置および/または予防におけるその使用の方法を提供する。
一側面において、本発明は、気管内投与または吸入による投与のために処方された、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームを含む組成物を提供する。一側面において、本発明は、静脈内投与のために処方された、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームを含む組成物を提供する。
別の側面において、本発明は、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームおよび肺サーファクタントを含む組成物を提供する。
他の側面において、本発明は、エアロゾル化された単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソーム、およびエアロゾル化された単離されたMSCエキソソームを含む組成物を提供する。
別の側面において、本発明は、肺疾患を処置または予防するための医薬としての使用のための、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの組成物を提供する。
なお別の側面において、本発明は、対象において肺疾患を処置または予防するための単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの使用、または肺疾患を処置もしくは予防するための医薬の製造における単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの使用を提供する。
別の側面において、本発明は、肺疾患を有するかまたはこれを発症する危険性がある対象に単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの有効量を投与することを含む方法を提供する。
一部の態様において、対象は新生児である。一部の態様において、対象は乳児である。一部の態様において、対象は3−18歳の間である。一部の態様において、対象は成人である。これらの態様のいずれかにおいて、対象は、未熟児で出生したものであってもよい。一部の態様において、対象は、妊娠35週未満で出生した。一部の態様において、対象は、妊娠26週未満で出生した。
一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、生後1時間以内に投与される。一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、生後1か月以内に投与される。
一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、臍帯血MSCに由来する。一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、骨髄MSCに由来する。
一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、対象にとって自家性である。一部の態様において、単離されたMSCエキソソームは、対象にとって同種のものである。
一部の態様において、対象は、細胞移植または臓器移植を受けていない。
本発明のこれらおよび他の側面および態様は、本明細書においてより詳細に記載される。
本発明は、部分的に、間葉系幹細胞に由来するエキソソームが、炎症性肺疾患を非限定的に含む特定の肺疾患に対して治療効果を提供するという驚くべき発見に基づく。
本発明は、広範に、間葉系幹細胞エキソソームまたはMSCエキソソームとしても交換可能に言及される間葉系幹細胞(MSC)由来のエキソソームの組成物、ならびに、炎症性肺疾患を非限定的に含む特定の肺疾患の処置および/または予防におけるそれらの使用に関する。
本発明のエキソソームは、間葉系幹細胞から放出される膜(すなわち脂質二重層)小胞である。これらは、約30nm〜100nmの範囲の直径を有する。電子顕微鏡によると、エキソソームは、カップ型の形態を有するものとして観察される。それらは約100,000×gにおいて沈澱し、約1.10〜約1.21g/mlのショ糖中の浮遊密度を有する。エキソソームは、微小胞またはナノ小胞として言及される場合がある。
間葉系幹細胞は、神経細胞、脂肪細胞、軟骨細胞、骨芽細胞、筋細胞、心臓組織、ならびに他の内皮および上皮細胞へ分化する能力を有する前駆細胞である(例えば、Wang, Stem Cells 2004;22(7);1330-7; McElreavey;1991 Biochem Soc Trans (1);29s; Takechi, Placenta 1993 March/April; 14 (2); 235-45; Takechi, 1993; Kobayashi; Early Human Development;1998; July 10; 51 (3); 223-33; Yen; Stem Cells; 2005; 23 (1) 3-9.を参照)。これらの細胞は、遺伝子またはタンパク質発現により表現型により定義することができる。これらの細胞は、以下の1または2以上を発現する(およびしたがってそれについて陽性である)ことが特徴づけられている:CD13、CD29、CD44、CD49a、b、c、e、f、CD51、CD54、CD58、CD71、CD73、CD90、CD102、CD105、CD106、CDw119、CD120a、CD120b、CD123、CD124、CD126、CD127、CD140a、CD166、P75、TGF-bIR、TGF-bIIR、HLA-A、B、C、SSEA-3、SSEA-4、D7およびPD-L1。これらの細胞はまた、以下を発現しない(およびしたがってそれについて陰性である)ことが特徴づけられている:CD3、CD5、CD6、CD9、CD10、CD11a、CD14、CD15、CD18、CD21、CD25、CD31、CD34、CD36、CD38、CD45、CD49d、CD50、CD62E、L、S、CD80、CD86、CD95、CD117、CD133、SSEA-1およびABO。したがって、間葉系幹細胞は、その分化能力により、表現型および/または機能的に特徴づけることができる。
本発明の方法は、それから利益を引き出す可能性がある任意の対象において実施することができ、これは、ヒト対象、農業用家畜(例えばウシ、ブタなど)、珍重される動物(例えばウマ)、愛玩動物(例えばイヌ、ネコなど)などを含む。本発明の多様な側面において、ヒト対象が好ましい。一部の側面において、ヒト対象およびヒトMSCエキソソームが用いられる。
本発明は、特定の肺疾患を予防および処置することを企図する。疾患を予防するとは、疾患が顕在化する可能性を低減すること、および/または疾患の発症を遅延させることを意味する。疾患を処置するとは、疾患の症状を低減または除去することを意味する。
本発明はさらに、限定されないがBDPなどの肺疾患の指標である症状の不在下においてすらの、MSCエキソソームの投与を企図する。
MSCエキソソームは、薬学的に受容可能な調製物(または薬学的に受容可能な組成物)において、典型的には、薬学的に受容可能なキャリアと組み合わされた場合に、用いて(例えば、投与して)もよい。かかる調製物は、慣用的に薬学的に受容可能な濃度の塩、緩衝化剤、保存剤、適合可能なキャリアを含んでもよく、任意に、他の(すなわち第2の)治療剤を含んでもよい。
本発明はまた、包装されてラベルされた医薬品を包含する。この製品またはキットは、ガラスバイアルまたはプラスチックのアンプルまたは機密密封される他の容器などの適切な容器(vessel)または容器(container)中の、適切な単位投与形態を含む。単位投与形態は、例えばエアロゾルによる肺送達のために好適であるべきである。好ましくは、製品またはキットはさらに、当該医薬製品を投与する方法を含む使用方法についての説明書を含む。説明書はさらに、医師、技術者または対象に、問題の疾患または状態を適切に予防または処置するための方法について助言する情報材料を含んでもよい。言い換えると、製品は、使用のための投与レジメン(実際の用量、モニタリングの手法、および他のモニタリングの情報を含むが、これらに限定されない)を指示または示唆する説明書を含む。
キットは、直接用いることができる無菌の水性懸濁液中のMSCエキソソームを含んでも、静脈内投与またはネブライザーにおける使用のために通常の食塩水で希釈しても、気管内投与のためにサーファクタントにより希釈するかまたはこれと組み合わせてもよい。キットは、したがってまた、食塩水またはサーファクタントなどの希釈用の溶液または剤を含む。キットはまた、ネブライザーなどの肺送達デバイス、またはディスポーザブルの成分、すなわちマウスピース、ノーズピースもしくはマスクなどを含んでもよい。
要旨
低酸素は、肺において、マクロファージの代替活性化により顕れる炎症性応答を誘導し、これは、その後の低酸素肺高血圧症(HPH)の発症のために重要である炎症促進メディエーターの増加を伴う。間葉系間質細胞(MSC)の移植は、肺の炎症、血管のリモデリングおよび右心不全を予防し、疾患の実験的モデルにおいて、HPHを阻害する。本発明研究において、本発明者らは、HPHにおいてMSCが保護的となるパラクリンの機序を検討することを目的とした。
骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞の単離。骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞(BM-MSC)を、5〜7週齢のFVB/sマウスの大腿および脛骨から、先に記載したように単離した。簡単に述べると、各脛骨および大腿の末端を、クリップ(clip)して髄を露出させ、骨を適合した遠心分離チューブ中に挿入した。チューブを、1分間400×gで遠心分離して、髄を回収した。ペレットを、21ゲージの針を通して3mlのα基礎培地(α−MEM)中に再懸濁し、その後、70μmのナイロンメッシュフィルターを通して濾過した。髄細胞を、フィコール−プラーク(Amersham)密度勾配上で層状にし、遠心分離してプレートに播いた。プラスチック接着性の細胞を、2〜3日毎に交換される培地を含む培養中に維持した。2〜3回の継代の後で、公開されているプロトコルおよび国際細胞治療学会(ISCT)のガイドライン1により、免疫枯渇法を行った。細胞を、CD11b、CD14、CD19、CD31、CD34、CD45およびCD79α抗原について、適切な蛍光タグ抗体(BD Biosciences)を用いて、蛍光活性セルソーター(MoFlo)においてネガティブ選択し、さらに増殖させ、次いで、CD73、CD90、CD105、c-kitおよびSca-1抗原について、上記のようにポジティブ選択した。全ての試薬は、Sigmaから購入した。継代7〜12回の単離された細胞を、条件培地の生成のため、およびエキソソームの単離のために用いることができる。単離され、および/または培養された細胞はまた、条件培地またはエキソソームの生成の前に、凍結保存することができる。
低酸素により誘導される急性の炎症応答を抑制するBM-MSC分泌因子。BM-MSCの治療能力を、幾つかの肺傷害の動物モデルから観察した。本発明者らは、BM-MSCが、それらのパラクリン様式により低酸素により誘導される肺炎症に関連したことを決定した。低酸素暴露は、2日間以内の著しい肺へのマクロファージの蓄積および炎症促進性メディエーターの上昇をもたらす2。BM-MSCのパラクリン能力をこの動物モデルにおいて試験するために、BM-MSC条件培地(BM-MSC-CM)またはビヒクルまたはMLF条件培地(MLF-CM)のいずれかを投与されたマウスを、常圧の低酸素に2日間暴露した。その結果、低酸素により誘導される急性の肺へのマクロファージの流入は、BM-MSC-CM処置により遮断されたが、ビヒクルまたはMLF-CMを注射されたマウスは、肺におけるマクロファージの著しい蓄積を示し(図1A)、このことは、BM-MSC分泌因子が、低酸素により誘導される肺の炎症応答(これがマクロファージを肺中へ動員するシグナルを伝達する)を抑制することを示唆した。低酸素条件づけが、肺の炎症促進性メディエーターのレベルを上方調節することが観察されたため、マウスからのセルフリーBALFを、低酸素応答性の炎症促進性メディエーターであるMCP-1およびHIMF/FIZZ1についての比較分析に適用した。ビヒクルまたはMLF-CMを注射されたマウスにおいて、肺におけるMCP-1およびHIMFのレベルはいずれも、48時間にわたる低酸素暴露により有意に増大した。対照的に、低酸素によるこれらのメディエーターの上昇は、BM-MSC-CM処置マウスにおいて効果的に抑制された(図1B)。総合すると、BM-MSCの分泌因子は、肺におけるMCP-1およびHIMF/FIZZ1の低酸素により誘導される上方調節を遮断することを介して肺へのマクロファージの動員を予防する、抗炎症剤である。
本発明は、その適用において、以下の明細書において記載されるまたは図面において説明される成分の構成および配置の詳細に限定されない。本発明は、他の態様、および多様な方法において実施されることまたは実行されることが可能である。また、本明細書において用いられる表現および用語は、説明を目的とするものであり、限定的なものとしてみなされるべきではない。本明細書における「含む(including)」、「含む(comprising)」、または「有する(having)」、「含む(containing)」、「含む(involving)」およびこれらの変化形の使用は、その後に列記される項目およびそれらの均等物ならびにさらなる項目を包含することを意図する。
Claims (58)
- 肺疾患を有するか、またはこれを発症する危険性があるヒト対象における使用のための、肺への送達のために処方された、単離されたヒト間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームおよび肺サーファクタントの有効量を含む、医薬組成物であって、前記対象が4週齢未満である、前記医薬組成物。
- 単離されたヒトMSCエキソソームが、ヒト臍帯から単離される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒト対象が、妊娠37週より前に出生した、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒト対象が、酸素を投与されているか、または人工呼吸器を付けている、請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒト対象が、気管支肺異形成症を有するか、またはこれを発症する危険性がある、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 気管支肺異形成症が、非炎症性である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 単離されたヒトMSCエキソソームが、生後1日以内に投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 単離されたヒトMSCエキソソームが、生後1時間以内に投与される、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 肺疾患を有するか、またはこれを発症する危険性がある対象に、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの有効量を投与すること
を含む、方法。 - 肺疾患の処置または予防における使用のための、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの組成物。
- 肺疾患を処置または予防するための医薬としての使用のための、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの組成物。
- 単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームを含む、肺疾患の処置または予防における使用のための医薬組成物。
- 対象において肺疾患を処置または予防するための、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの使用。
- 肺疾患を有するか、またはこれを発症する危険性がある対象において肺疾患を処置または予防するための医薬の製造における、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームの使用。
- 肺疾患を処置または予防するための方法における使用のための、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソームであって、前記方法が、単離されたMSCエキソソームの有効量を、肺疾患を有するか、またはこれを発症する危険性がある対象に投与することを含む、前記単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 肺疾患が、炎症性肺疾患、肺血管疾患または急性肺損傷である、請求項9に記載の方法、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の組成物、請求項13または14に記載の使用、または、請求項15に記載の単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 炎症性肺疾患が、肺高血圧症、喘息、気管支肺異形成症(BDP)、アレルギーまたは特発性肺線維症である、請求項16に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 急性肺損傷が、敗血症に関連するか、または人工呼吸器により誘導された急性呼吸促迫症候群(ARDS)である、請求項16に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、住血吸虫症を有するか、またはこれを発症する可能性がある、請求項9に記載の方法、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の組成物、請求項13または14に記載の使用、または、請求項15に記載の単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、新生児である、請求項9〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、乳児である、請求項9〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、3−18歳の間である、請求項9〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、成人である、請求項9〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、未熟児で出生した、請求項9〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、妊娠35週未満で出生した、請求項9〜24のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、妊娠30週未満で出生した、請求項9〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、妊娠26週未満で出生した、請求項9〜26のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、第2の剤と一緒に使用される、請求項9〜27のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 第2の剤が、ステロイド、抗酸化剤または吸入一酸化窒素である、請求項28に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- ステロイドが、副腎皮質ステロイドである、請求項29に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 副腎皮質ステロイドが、メチルプレドニゾロンである、請求項30に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 抗酸化剤が、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼである、請求項29に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、生後1時間以内に投与される、請求項20または24〜27のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、生後1か月以内に投与される、請求項20または24〜27のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、静脈内投与される、請求項9〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象の肺または気管に投与される、請求項9〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、吸入により投与される、請求項36に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、エアロゾルで投与される、請求項36に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、ネブライザーを使用して投与される、請求項36に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、気管内チューブを使用して投与される、請求項36に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、肺サーファクタントと共に投与される、請求項9〜40のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 肺サーファクタントが、天然に存在し、単離されたサーファクタントである、請求項41に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 肺サーファクタントが、ウシ肺またはブタ肺に由来する、請求項42に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 肺サーファクタントが、合成サーファクタントである、請求項41に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象に繰り返し投与される、請求項9〜44のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象に2回投与される、請求項9〜44のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象に持続的に投与される、請求項9〜44のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、臍帯血MSCに由来する、前述の請求項9〜47のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、骨髄MSCに由来する、請求項9〜47のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象にとって自家性である、請求項9〜49のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 単離されたMSCエキソソームが、対象にとって同種のものである、請求項9〜49のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 対象が、細胞移植または臓器移植を受けていない、請求項9〜51のいずれか一項に記載の方法、組成物、使用または単離されたMSCエキソソーム。
- 気管内投与または吸入による投与のために処方された、単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソーム
を含む、組成物。 - 単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソーム、および
肺サーファクタント
を含む、組成物。 - 単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソーム、および
肺副腎皮質ステロイド.
を含む、組成物。 - 肺副腎皮質ステロイドが、メチルプレドニゾロンである、請求項55に記載の組成物。
- エアロゾル化された単離された間葉系幹細胞(MSC)エキソソーム。
- 請求項57に記載のエアロゾル化された単離されたMSCエキソソームを含む、組成物。
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CN103648509B (zh) | 2019-02-22 |
JP6204830B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
US20180221412A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
US9901600B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
CA2829586C (en) | 2021-03-02 |
ES2629502T3 (es) | 2017-08-10 |
US20220096560A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
JP2018030845A (ja) | 2018-03-01 |
JP6524162B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 |
EP2683389A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
US20140065240A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
KR102063069B1 (ko) | 2020-01-08 |
CA2829586A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
WO2012125471A9 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
KR20140024310A (ko) | 2014-02-28 |
EP2683389B1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
WO2012125471A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
KR101947699B1 (ko) | 2019-02-14 |
CN109432126B (zh) | 2022-06-14 |
CN109432126A (zh) | 2019-03-08 |
KR20190018536A (ko) | 2019-02-22 |
CN103648509A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
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