JP2014168795A - Mold for rotary forging - Google Patents
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- JP2014168795A JP2014168795A JP2013041274A JP2013041274A JP2014168795A JP 2014168795 A JP2014168795 A JP 2014168795A JP 2013041274 A JP2013041274 A JP 2013041274A JP 2013041274 A JP2013041274 A JP 2013041274A JP 2014168795 A JP2014168795 A JP 2014168795A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、回転鍛造に用いる鍛造用金型に関するものであり、特に熱間での回転鍛造用金型に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a forging die used for rotary forging, and more particularly to a hot forging die.
円盤形状の被鍛造材を熱間鍛造する技術として、従来より回転鍛造が知られている。例えば、特開２００９−０１２０５９号公報（特許文献１）には、共に略円形状とした上型と下型によって被鍛造材の上面と下面を挟持して押圧することにより熱間鍛造を行うことができる回転鍛造装置の発明が開示されている。
この装置において、上型には中心から径方向に放射状に設けられた複数の押圧面が存在する。この押圧面を被鍛造材に押圧した後、上型を被鍛造材から離間し、上型または被鍛造材を中心軸のまわりに所定の角度だけ回転させる。そして、上型の押圧面を被鍛造材の最初に押圧された部位から所定の角度だけずれた部位に押圧し、これを順次繰り返すことにより、被鍛造材の円周方向に肉流れが生じ、大型の被鍛造材であっても少ない押圧力であっても効率よく熱間鍛造を行うことができる。
なお、上型に設けられた押圧面の形状は、回転対称とすることで、押圧時の力のバランスが取れるような構造に設計される。
Conventionally, rotary forging is known as a technique for hot forging a disk-shaped forged material. For example, in JP 2009-012059 A (Patent Document 1), hot forging is performed by sandwiching and pressing an upper surface and a lower surface of a material to be forged by an upper die and a lower die that are both substantially circular. An invention of a rotary forging device that can perform the above is disclosed.
In this apparatus, the upper die has a plurality of pressing surfaces provided radially from the center. After pressing the pressing surface against the material to be forged, the upper die is separated from the material to be forged, and the upper die or the material to be forged is rotated around the central axis by a predetermined angle. And, by pressing the upper die pressing surface to a portion shifted by a predetermined angle from the first pressed portion of the forged material, by sequentially repeating this, a meat flow occurs in the circumferential direction of the forged material, Even if it is a large forging material or a small pressing force, hot forging can be performed efficiently.
The shape of the pressing surface provided on the upper mold is designed to be rotationally symmetric so that the force balance during pressing can be balanced.
従来技術に係る回転鍛造においては、押圧面の配置やその個数に着目するものであり、その目的とするところは、被鍛造物の全体に均等に歪みを与えることができるとともに、材料の組成を均一に形成させることができるというものである。
ところで、例えば、特許文献１に示された回転鍛造の場合、押圧された被鍛造材の一部が押圧面に平行な方向にはみ出して、押圧されていない場所に乗り上げてしまうことが起き、その乗り上げた状態の部分が次に押圧されたとき、その乗り上げを起因として「かぶり傷」とよばれる被鍛造材の欠陥が発生する場合があった。このかぶり傷について、従来技術では全く考慮がなされていない。
本発明の目的は、回転鍛造に用いられる鍛造用金型において、かぶり傷の発生を防止することが可能な回転鍛造用金型を提供することである。
In the rotary forging according to the prior art, attention is paid to the arrangement of the pressing surfaces and the number of the pressing surfaces. The purpose of the rotary forging is to uniformly strain the entire forged material and to change the composition of the material. It can be formed uniformly.
By the way, for example, in the case of rotary forging shown in Patent Document 1, a part of the pressed forging material protrudes in a direction parallel to the pressing surface and rides on an unpressed place. When the boarded state is pressed next, a defect in the forged material called “fogging scratch” may occur due to the boarding. This fog is not considered at all in the prior art.
An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary forging die capable of preventing the occurrence of fogging scratches in a forging die used for rotary forging.
本発明は上述した課題に鑑みてなされたものである。
すなわち本発明は、円盤状の基部と、前記基部の作業面側に前記基部の中心から径方向に放射状に配置された複数の押圧面とを有する回転鍛造用金型であって、前記回転鍛造用金型は被鍛造材を鍛造する押圧面を構成する部分と被鍛造材を鍛造しない非押圧面となる部分を有し、前記押圧面には平坦部と該平坦部に連続する４５°以下のテーパー部が形成されている回転鍛造用金型である。
前記の回転鍛造用金型は熱間鍛造用に好適である。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
That is, the present invention is a rotary forging die having a disk-shaped base portion and a plurality of pressing surfaces radially arranged from the center of the base portion on the working surface side of the base portion, the rotary forging die The metal mold has a portion constituting a pressing surface for forging the material to be forged and a portion serving as a non-pressing surface for not forging the material to be forged. This is a rotary forging die in which a taper portion is formed.
The mold for rotary forging is suitable for hot forging.
本発明によれば、回転鍛造に用いる鍛造用金型において、回転鍛造の押圧面にテーパー部を設けることにより、かぶり傷の発生を防止することができる。 According to the present invention, in a forging die used for rotary forging, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fogging scratches by providing a tapered portion on the pressing surface for rotary forging.
本発明を図面を用いて説明する。
本発明の重要な特徴は、円盤状の基部（母材）６と、前記基部の作業面側に前記基部６の中心から径方向に放射状に配置された複数の押圧面２とを有する回転回転鍛造用金型１において、押圧面２にテーパー部４を設けることでかぶり傷の発生を防止可能としたことにある。
例えば、従来技術である特許文献１では、押圧面を「金敷」と称するように、押圧面は平坦である。押圧面が平坦であると、被鍛造材が押圧（鍛造）されたときに押圧面に隣り合う非押圧面に被鍛造材の肉が押し出され、押し出された被鍛造材の肉が次に押圧される場所に乗り上げてしまう。この状態で次の押圧を行うと、乗り上げた余分な肉はかぶり傷となる。
そこで、本発明は、押圧面２にテーパー部４と、テーパー部４に連続する平坦部５を設ける。平坦部５は被鍛造材を所望の加工量に押圧する部位として、また、テーパー部４は次の押圧部へ肉が乗り上げるのを防止する部位となる。つまり、平坦部５に続くテーパー部４で押圧された部分は、被鍛造材に対して押圧面を移動していく方向に形成されおり、テーパー部で押圧された部分が次に押圧される部分となる。そして、テーパー部４によって、次に押圧される部分の形状を予め形成しておき、被鍛造材の乗り上げがない状態としておくことができる。このため、かぶり傷のない回転鍛造を行うことができる。したがって、次の押圧において平坦部５で押圧される部分を、先の押圧時に平坦部５とテーパー部４とによって押圧された部分の範囲内に設定することが好ましい。
The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
An important feature of the present invention is that the rotary rotation has a disk-like base (base material) 6 and a plurality of pressing surfaces 2 arranged radially from the center of the base 6 on the work surface side of the base. In the forging die 1, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fogging scratches by providing the pressing portion 2 with the tapered portion 4.
For example, in Patent Document 1 as a conventional technique, the pressing surface is flat so that the pressing surface is referred to as “anvil”. When the pressing surface is flat, when the forged material is pressed (forged), the meat of the forged material is pushed out to the non-pressing surface adjacent to the pressing surface, and the extruded meat of the forged material is pressed next. Get on the place to be. When the next pressing is performed in this state, the excess meat that has been ridden becomes a cover wound.
Therefore, the present invention provides the pressing surface 2 with a tapered portion 4 and a flat portion 5 continuous with the tapered portion 4. The flat part 5 serves as a part that presses the forged material to a desired processing amount, and the tapered part 4 serves as a part that prevents the meat from climbing onto the next pressing part. That is, the portion pressed by the tapered portion 4 following the flat portion 5 is formed in a direction in which the pressing surface moves with respect to the material to be forged, and the portion pressed by the tapered portion is next pressed. It becomes. And the shape of the part pressed next by the taper part 4 can be formed beforehand, and it can be set as the state which does not run up a forging material. For this reason, rotational forging without fogging scratches can be performed. Therefore, it is preferable to set the part pressed by the flat part 5 in the next press in the range of the part pressed by the flat part 5 and the taper part 4 at the time of the previous press.
本発明では前記のテーパー部４が有する角度を４５°以下とする。これは、４５°を超える角度であるとかぶり傷が発生しやすくなるためである。なお、テーパー部の角度の下限は、５°程度である。テーパー部の表面形状は平面であっても緩やかな曲面であっても良い。
なお、本発明は回転鍛造に用いる金型であるため、テーパー部の下限は押圧面面積によってテーパー部の角度は調整する必要がある。例えば、テーパー部の角度が小さく（緩やか）になると、その分押圧面の面積は広くなるため、押圧面の個数も少なくなる。また、押圧面の個数を増やして回転鍛造の効率を上げようとしたり、或いは、大きな押圧力を加えようとすると、その分押圧面の面積は小さくなるため、押圧面の角度を大きくすることになる。従って、押圧面２の角度の範囲は押圧面の個数、押圧面面積、押圧力を考慮して決定すると良い。
なお、本発明で言うテーパー部４が有する４５°の角度とは、中心軸に対する垂直な面に対する角度である。
In this invention, the angle which the said taper part 4 has shall be 45 degrees or less. This is because fog damage tends to occur when the angle exceeds 45 °. In addition, the minimum of the angle of a taper part is about 5 degrees. The surface shape of the tapered portion may be a flat surface or a gently curved surface.
In addition, since this invention is a metal mold | die used for rotary forging, the lower limit of a taper part needs to adjust the angle of a taper part with a press surface area. For example, when the angle of the tapered portion is small (slow), the area of the pressing surface is increased accordingly, and the number of pressing surfaces is also reduced. In addition, when trying to increase the efficiency of rotary forging by increasing the number of pressing surfaces or applying a large pressing force, the area of the pressing surface is reduced accordingly, so the angle of the pressing surface is increased. Become. Therefore, the range of the angle of the pressing surface 2 may be determined in consideration of the number of pressing surfaces, the pressing surface area, and the pressing force.
The 45 ° angle of the tapered portion 4 referred to in the present invention is an angle with respect to a plane perpendicular to the central axis.
以上、説明する本発明の回転鍛造用金型によれば、テーパー部の形成によりかぶり傷の発生を防止することが可能である。
また、本発明の回転鍛造用金型を上型と下型の両方に用いて、押圧面の個数を同じしつつ、さらに、中心から外周方向に所定の角度をもって形成される押圧面において、前記所定の角度も同じとするのがさらに好ましい。これにより、より確実に被鍛造材の上下方向からの部分的な鍛造を行うことが可能となる。
また、図２に示すように、押圧面２の径方向に押圧量を変化させ、押圧面に押圧量の大きな場所と、押圧量の小さな場所とを設けることにより、被鍛造材のニアネットシェイプ化がはかれる。ニアネットシェイプ化がはかれると、後の機械加工による切削工数を低減することができ、好ましい。なお、このとき、図２に示すように、押圧量の大きな箇所の径方向の両面にもテーパー部を設けておき、かぶり傷の発生を防止してもの良い。
また、図１及び図２では、中心軸の部分を平坦として示している。中心軸の部分を金型の一部として使用するのであれば、目的に応じた形状としておくのが好ましい。例えば、型を掘っても良い。また、回転鍛造時の中心軸として被鍛造材の位置合わせ治具として用いるのであれば、突起や凹みの形状としても良い。
As described above, according to the rotary forging die of the present invention described above, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fogging scratches by forming the tapered portion.
Further, using the rotary forging die of the present invention for both the upper die and the lower die, while maintaining the same number of pressing surfaces, and further, in the pressing surface formed at a predetermined angle from the center to the outer peripheral direction, More preferably, the predetermined angle is the same. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform partial forging from the vertical direction of the material to be forged more reliably.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the near net shape of the forged material is obtained by changing the pressing amount in the radial direction of the pressing surface 2 and providing the pressing surface with a place where the pressing amount is large and a place where the pressing amount is small. Can be realized. When the near net shape is achieved, it is possible to reduce the number of machining steps by subsequent machining, which is preferable. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, tapered portions may be provided on both radial surfaces of the portion where the pressing amount is large to prevent the occurrence of fogging scratches.
1 and 2, the central axis portion is shown as flat. If the central axis part is used as a part of the mold, it is preferable to have a shape suitable for the purpose. For example, a mold may be dug. Moreover, as long as it uses as a positioning jig | tool of a to-be-forged material as a center axis | shaft at the time of rotary forging, it is good also as a shape of a protrusion or a dent.
以上説明する本発明の回転鍛造用金型は、熱間、恒温での鍛造やプレスといった熱間鍛造に限らず、冷間鍛造であっても有効である。
また、大型の製品の鍛造に本発明の回転鍛造用金型を適用する場合、例えば、図１で示す回転鍛造用金型で回転鍛造を行って予備成形体とした後、図２で示す回転鍛造を行うと大型製品のニアネットシェイプの鍛造に有効である。
The rotary forging die of the present invention described above is not limited to hot forging such as hot forging and pressing at constant temperature, but is effective even for cold forging.
Further, when the rotary forging die of the present invention is applied to forging of a large product, for example, after performing rotary forging with the rotary forging die shown in FIG. 1 to form a preform, the rotation shown in FIG. Forging is effective for forging large net near-net shapes.
１ 回転鍛造用金型
２ 押圧面
３ 非押圧面
４ テーパー部
５ 平坦部
６ 基部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold for rotary forging 2 Pressing surface 3 Non-pressing surface 4 Tapered part 5 Flat part 6 Base
Claims (2)
前記回転鍛造用金型は被鍛造材を鍛造する押圧面を構成する部分と被鍛造材を鍛造しない非押圧面となる部分を有し、前記押圧面には平坦部と該平坦部に連続する４５°以下のテーパー部が形成されていることを特徴とする回転鍛造用金型。 A rotary forging die having a disk-shaped base portion and a plurality of pressing surfaces arranged radially from the center of the base portion on the work surface side of the base portion,
The rotary forging die has a portion that constitutes a pressing surface for forging a forged material and a portion that becomes a non-pressing surface that does not forge the forging material, and the pressing surface is continuous with a flat portion and the flat portion. A die for rotary forging, wherein a taper portion of 45 ° or less is formed.
The rotary forging die, wherein the rotary forging die is for hot forging.
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| CN105522093A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-27 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Upsetting method of bearing steel cake blank |
| CN105522091A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-27 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Upsetting method of nickel-based high-temperature alloy cake blank |
| CN105522090A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-27 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Upsetting method of alpha-beta-phase titanium alloy cake blank |
| CN109570297A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-04-05 | 厦门理工学院 | The pressure of twisting die tool, pressure torsion process equipment and difficult deformable metal material is pressed to turn round processing method |
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