JP2016068122A - Mold - Google Patents
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- JP2016068122A JP2016068122A JP2014200379A JP2014200379A JP2016068122A JP 2016068122 A JP2016068122 A JP 2016068122A JP 2014200379 A JP2014200379 A JP 2014200379A JP 2014200379 A JP2014200379 A JP 2014200379A JP 2016068122 A JP2016068122 A JP 2016068122A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、円板状の鍛造材を得るための回転鍛造用の金型に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a rotary forging die for obtaining a disk-shaped forging material.
円板形状の被鍛造材を熱間鍛造する技術として、いわゆる回転鍛造が知られている。回転鍛造では、回転鍛造用の上・下金型（金敷）の間に配置した円板状の被鍛造材（鍛造素材）を、円板中心軸の周りに間欠回転させながら、周方向に順次押圧する。例えば、特開２００９−０１２０５９号公報（特許文献１）には、下金敷の中心軸に直交する半径方向に延びる複数の押圧面が均等の角度で配置された上金敷を備えた、ディスク状鍛造物の製造装置が開示されている。
特許文献１には、かかる製造装置を用いて回転鍛造を行うことで被鍛造材全体に均等に歪みを与えられる点、上金敷によって被鍛造物を押圧する一回あたりの面積が、被鍛造物の全体を押圧するのに比べ少なくて済むので、小さい能力の製造装置でも外径の大きな被鍛造物を鍛造することが可能となる点等の利点が開示されている。
As a technique for hot forging a disk-shaped forged material, so-called rotary forging is known. In rotary forging, the disk-shaped forging material (forging material) placed between the upper and lower molds (anvils) for rotary forging is sequentially rotated in the circumferential direction while intermittently rotating around the central axis of the disk. Press. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-012059 (Patent Document 1) discloses a disk-shaped forging provided with an upper anvil in which a plurality of pressing surfaces extending in a radial direction perpendicular to the central axis of the lower anvil are arranged at an equal angle. An apparatus for manufacturing a product is disclosed.
Patent Document 1 discloses that the forging material has an area that can be uniformly strained by rotating forging using such a manufacturing apparatus, and that the area to be pressed against the forging material by an upper anvil is one time. Therefore, it is possible to forge a forged object having a large outer diameter even with a manufacturing apparatus having a small capacity.
上述した特許文献１等に開示された回転鍛造によれば、小さい押圧力でも大型の被鍛造材の熱間鍛造が可能になり、鍛造装置のコスト低減が期待される。しかしながら、熱間鍛造における課題としては、加圧能力の問題のみならず、被鍛造材の温度低下の問題がある。熱間鍛造中に被鍛造材の温度低下が大きくなると、安定した鍛造が困難になる。特許文献1の鍛造装置はかかる問題を解決するものではなく、その他の従来の技術においても被鍛造材の温度低下を抑制するに十分なものではなかった。 According to the rotary forging disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like described above, hot forging of a large to-be-forged material is possible even with a small pressing force, and cost reduction of the forging device is expected. However, as a problem in hot forging, there is not only a problem of pressurizing ability but also a problem of temperature reduction of the material to be forged. If the temperature drop of the material to be forged during hot forging increases, stable forging becomes difficult. The forging device of Patent Document 1 does not solve this problem, and other conventional techniques are not sufficient to suppress the temperature drop of the material to be forged.
上記課題に鑑み、本発明は、鍛造装置のコスト低減と、熱間鍛造における被鍛造材の温度低下抑制に好適な金型を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a mold suitable for reducing the cost of a forging device and suppressing a decrease in temperature of a material to be forged in hot forging.
本発明の金型は、鍛造素材を金型に対して相対的に間欠回転させながら、前記鍛造素材を前記金型で押圧し、円板状の鍛造材を得るために用いられる金型であって、前記金型は、下型と、前記下型に対向して配置される上型とを備え、前記下型および上型は、それぞれ、凹部を介して回転対称的に配置された複数の押圧面を有し、前記下型の前記押圧面と、前記上型の前記押圧面とは、互いに対向可能な位置に形成されていることを特徴とする。 The mold of the present invention is a mold used to obtain a disk-shaped forging material by pressing the forging material with the mold while intermittently rotating the forging material relative to the mold. The mold includes a lower mold and an upper mold disposed to face the lower mold, and the lower mold and the upper mold each have a plurality of rotationally symmetrical arrangements through the recesses. It has a pressing surface, and the pressing surface of the lower mold and the pressing surface of the upper mold are formed at positions that can face each other.
また、前記金型において、前記下型または上型は、前記押圧面を構成する部分とそれ以外を構成する部分とを組み合わせて構成されていることが好ましい。
さらに、前記押圧面を構成する部分は、各押圧面毎に別体であることが好ましい。
Moreover, in the mold, the lower mold or the upper mold is preferably configured by combining a portion constituting the pressing surface and a portion constituting the other.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the part which comprises the said press surface is a different body for every press surface.
本発明によれば、押圧力確保等に係る設備コストを低減するとともに、熱間鍛造における被鍛造材の温度低下抑制も可能な、金型を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while reducing the installation cost which concerns on pressing force etc., the metal mold | die which can also suppress the temperature fall of the to-be-forged material in hot forging can be provided.
本発明に係る金型は、鍛造素材を金型に対して相対的に間欠回転させながら、前記鍛造素材を前記金型で押圧し、円板状の鍛造材を得るために用いられる金型であって、下型と、前記下型に対向して配置される上型とを備える。前記下型および上型は、それぞれ、凹部を介して回転対称的に配置された複数の押圧面を有し、前記下型の前記押圧面と、前記上型の前記押圧面とは、互いに対向可能な位置に形成されている点が本発明に係る金型の特徴の一つである。
押圧面を、凹部を介して配置することで、鍛造素材を押圧する一回あたりの面積が、鍛造素材全体を押圧する場合に比べて小さくなる。したがって、大きな鍛造素材を鍛造する場合であっても、鍛造装置に必要な加圧能力は低くて済むため、鍛造装置のコストを抑制することができる。さらに、上型と下型の両方に凹部が設けられているため、金型と鍛造素材との接触面積が小さい。そのため、熱間鍛造における鍛造素材の温度低下を抑制することができる。
また、鍛造素材は金型に対して相対的に間欠回転されるが、金型を回転させても良いし、鍛造素材を回転させても良い。大型の鍛造装置の場合、鍛造素材を回転させた方が、構成上、簡易に行える。
以下、本発明に係る金型の実施形態を、図を用いて具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
The metal mold | die which concerns on this invention is a metal mold | die used in order to press the said forge raw material with the said metal mold | die, and to obtain a disk-shaped forging material, rotating a forge raw material relatively intermittently with respect to a metal mold | die. And a lower mold and an upper mold arranged to face the lower mold. Each of the lower mold and the upper mold has a plurality of pressing surfaces that are rotationally symmetrically arranged via a recess, and the pressing surface of the lower mold and the pressing surface of the upper mold are opposed to each other. One of the features of the mold according to the present invention is that it is formed at a possible position.
By disposing the pressing surface via the recess, the area per pressing the forging material is smaller than when pressing the entire forging material. Therefore, even when a large forging material is forged, the pressurization capacity required for the forging device can be low, and the cost of the forging device can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the recesses are provided in both the upper mold and the lower mold, the contact area between the mold and the forging material is small. Therefore, the temperature fall of the forging raw material in hot forging can be suppressed.
The forging material is intermittently rotated relative to the mold, but the mold may be rotated or the forging material may be rotated. In the case of a large forging device, rotating the forging material can be easily performed in terms of configuration.
Hereinafter, although the embodiment of the metallic mold concerning the present invention is described concretely using a figure, the present invention is not limited to this.
図１に本発明に係る金型の実施形態を示す。図１（ａ）は、鍛造の押圧方向（ｚ方向）に垂直な方向から見た金型１００の正面図である。金型１００は下型１００ａと、下型１００ａに押圧方向に対向して配置された上型１００ｂを有する。図２（ａ）は、下型１００ａの正面図、図２（ｂ）には下型１００ｂをｚ方向から見た平面図である。図１および２に示す実施形態では、下型１００ｂには中心から放射状に延び、かつ凹部３を介して回転対称的に配置された四つの押圧面２を有する。同形状の複数の押圧面を回転対称的、すなわち等角度間隔で配置するのは、均等な鍛造を行う上で有利だからである。加熱された鍛造素材１は、下型１００ｂの押圧面２に載置され、上型１００ａと下型１００ｂとの間で押圧する工程と、鍛造素材１を回転する工程とが繰り返される。
特許文献１に示すような従来の構成では、下型は全面が鍛造素材に接触するため、鍛造素材の温度低下が大きい。これに対して、図１および２に示す実施形態では、非押圧面を構成する凹部３には鍛造素材１が直接接触しないため、鍛造素材１の温度低下を抑制することができる。凹部３には金型素材の代わりに空気が存在するため、いわば断熱層としての機能が発揮される。しかも、上型よりも下型の方が鍛造素材１との接触時間が長いため、上型だけでなく、下型にも凹部を設けることが特に有効に機能する。
なお、上型１００ｂの概形と下型１００ａの概形は対称的であるため、特に断らない限り、以下、下型として説明する構成は、上型の構成にも該当する。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a mold according to the present invention. Fig.1 (a) is the front view of the metal mold | die 100 seen from the direction perpendicular | vertical to the pressing direction (z direction) of forging. The mold 100 includes a lower mold 100a and an upper mold 100b arranged to face the lower mold 100a in the pressing direction. 2A is a front view of the lower mold 100a, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of the lower mold 100b viewed from the z direction. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower mold 100 b has four pressing surfaces 2 that extend radially from the center and are disposed rotationally symmetrically via the recess 3. The reason why the plurality of pressing surfaces having the same shape are arranged rotationally symmetrical, that is, at equal angular intervals is advantageous for uniform forging. The heated forging material 1 is placed on the pressing surface 2 of the lower mold 100b, and the process of pressing between the upper mold 100a and the lower mold 100b and the process of rotating the forging material 1 are repeated.
In the conventional configuration as shown in Patent Document 1, since the entire lower surface of the lower die is in contact with the forging material, the temperature drop of the forging material is large. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the forging material 1 is not in direct contact with the concave portion 3 that constitutes the non-pressing surface, so that the temperature drop of the forging material 1 can be suppressed. Since air exists in the recess 3 instead of the mold material, the function as a heat insulating layer is exhibited. In addition, since the lower die has a longer contact time with the forging material 1 than the upper die, it is particularly effective to provide a recess in the lower die as well as the upper die.
In addition, since the outline of the upper mold | type 100b and the outline of the lower mold | type 100a are symmetrical, unless otherwise indicated, the structure demonstrated below as a lower mold | type also corresponds to the structure of an upper mold | type.
温度低下抑制の観点からは、凹部３の上面と押圧面２との間隔が大きいことが好ましい。一方で、かかる間隔が大きくなると金型全体が大型化する。そのため、凹部３の上面と押圧面２との間隔は、例えば３０〜２００ｍｍにすることが好ましい。
押圧面の数はこれを特に限定するものではないが、鍛造素材を安定して載置するためには、押圧面の数は三つ以上であることが好ましい。また、必要な押圧力を低減するためや鍛造素材から金型への熱伝導を抑制するためには、押圧面の数・面積が小さいことが好ましい。図１に示す実施形態では、かかる観点から押圧面の面積割合を凹部の面積割合よりも小さくしてある。一方、押圧面の数・面積が小さくなると、圧下回数が増え、鍛造に多くの時間がかかるようになり、製造効率が落ちる上に、鍛造素材の温度も低下するようになる。かかる観点からは、押圧面の面積割合を凹部の面積割合よりも大きくすることも好ましい。また、これらの観点のバランスを考慮して、押圧面の数は、三つまたは四つにすることが好ましく、下型（上型）の各押圧面の面積の合計は、凹部を形成しないと仮定した場合の円形の押圧面の面積の１０〜８０％にすることが好ましい。より好ましい押圧面面積の上限は５０％である。
From the viewpoint of suppressing temperature decrease, it is preferable that the distance between the upper surface of the recess 3 and the pressing surface 2 is large. On the other hand, when the interval is increased, the entire mold is enlarged. Therefore, it is preferable that the space | interval of the upper surface of the recessed part 3 and the press surface 2 shall be 30-200 mm, for example.
The number of pressing surfaces is not particularly limited, but the number of pressing surfaces is preferably three or more in order to stably place the forging material. Moreover, in order to reduce a required pressing force or to suppress heat conduction from the forging material to the mold, it is preferable that the number and area of the pressing surfaces are small. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the area ratio of the pressing surface is smaller than the area ratio of the recesses from this viewpoint. On the other hand, when the number and area of the pressing surfaces are reduced, the number of reductions increases, and it takes a lot of time for forging, so that the manufacturing efficiency is lowered and the temperature of the forging material is also lowered. From this viewpoint, it is also preferable to make the area ratio of the pressing surface larger than the area ratio of the recesses. In consideration of the balance of these viewpoints, the number of pressing surfaces is preferably three or four, and the total area of the pressing surfaces of the lower mold (upper mold) is not to form a recess. It is preferable to set it to 10 to 80% of the area of the circular pressing surface when assumed. A more preferable upper limit of the pressing surface area is 50%.
また、鍛造素材から金型への熱伝導をさらに抑制するために、断熱材を凹部３に配置することもできる。下型１００ａ、上型１００ｂの少なくとも一方の周囲に断熱材を配置してもよい。 Moreover, in order to further suppress the heat conduction from the forging material to the mold, a heat insulating material can be disposed in the recess 3. A heat insulating material may be disposed around at least one of the lower mold 100a and the upper mold 100b.
各押圧面の形状はこれを特に限定するものではないが、図１および２に示すように、中心から径方向に広がる略扇形状であることが好ましい。均一に鍛造する上で有利だからである。この場合、押圧面の間に形成される凹部も略扇形である。また、図１および２に示す押圧面の形状は中心から放射状に延びる、径方向を長手方向とする形状であるが、径方向が短手方向である形状を適用することもできる。
押圧面の押圧方向（ｚ方向）の高さは押圧面全体に渡って一定でもよいし、中心から外周に向かって押圧面が部分的または全体的に傾斜してもよい。また、押圧面が段差を備えることも可能である。押圧面が傾斜または段差を有することで、ニアネットシェイプに対応した鍛造が可能になる。また、鍛造によって与える歪量を径方向で変化させ、必要な部分に必要な量の歪みを与えることが可能であるため、効率的な鍛造にも資する。
The shape of each pressing surface is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is preferable that the pressing surface has a substantially fan shape extending in the radial direction from the center. This is because it is advantageous for uniform forging. In this case, the recess formed between the pressing surfaces is also substantially fan-shaped. Moreover, although the shape of the pressing surface shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a shape extending radially from the center and having the radial direction as the longitudinal direction, a shape in which the radial direction is the short direction can also be applied.
The height of the pressing surface in the pressing direction (z direction) may be constant over the entire pressing surface, or the pressing surface may be partially or entirely inclined from the center toward the outer periphery. It is also possible for the pressing surface to have a step. When the pressing surface has an inclination or a step, forging corresponding to the near net shape becomes possible. In addition, since the amount of strain applied by forging can be changed in the radial direction and a necessary amount of strain can be applied to a necessary portion, it contributes to efficient forging.
また、図３（図２のＡ−Ａ’断面図）に示すように、押圧面２の周方向端部にテーパー部６を設けることがより好ましい。テーパー部６を設けることにより、鍛造素材の型離れを円滑にし、かぶり疵を確実に防止することが可能となる。なお、上型の押圧面の、前記下型のテーパー部６に対応する部分にもテーパー部を形成することで、かぶり疵の発生をより確実に防止することが可能となり、更に好ましい。 Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3 (A-A ′ cross-sectional view of FIG. 2), it is more preferable to provide a tapered portion 6 at the circumferential end of the pressing surface 2. By providing the tapered portion 6, it is possible to smoothly separate the forging material from the mold and reliably prevent fogging. In addition, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of fogging by forming a tapered portion at a portion of the upper pressing surface corresponding to the tapered portion 6 of the lower die.
また、図１および２に示す実施形態では、各押圧面の外周側には、型合わせ面４を構成する凸部が設けられている。該凸部によって鍛造素材の外周が拘束される。鍛造素材の外周形状を規定する該凸部の内周面は、ディスク形状の鍛造材を得るために、押圧方向から見て円弧状をなす曲面状をなしている。型合わせ面４を構成する凸部の有無、形状はこれを特に限定するものではなく、必要とされる形状等に応じて決定することができる。例えば、内周面が押圧方向に平行な図１および２の実施形態の他に、凸部の内周面を傾斜面で構成することもできるし、内周面に段差を設けることもできる。一方、型合わせ面に段差を設ければ、上下の金型を合わせた時に型合わせ面４の一部に隙間が形成される。かかる構成によれば、該隙間への肉流れも確保され、押圧荷重が過大になるのを防ぐことができる。 Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, convex portions constituting the mold matching surface 4 are provided on the outer peripheral side of each pressing surface. The outer periphery of the forging material is restrained by the convex portion. In order to obtain a disc-shaped forged material, the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion that defines the outer peripheral shape of the forged material has a curved surface shape that forms an arc shape when viewed from the pressing direction. The presence or absence and shape of the convex portion constituting the mold matching surface 4 is not particularly limited, and can be determined according to a required shape or the like. For example, in addition to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 in which the inner peripheral surface is parallel to the pressing direction, the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion can be formed of an inclined surface, or a step can be provided on the inner peripheral surface. On the other hand, if a step is provided on the die mating surface, a gap is formed in a part of the die mating surface 4 when the upper and lower molds are mated. According to such a configuration, a meat flow into the gap is also ensured, and an excessive pressing load can be prevented.
図４に示す実施形態のように、下型１００ａおよび上型１００ｂは、それぞれ、複数の押圧面を有する部分７とそれ以外の部分８（以下、金型本体ともいう）との組み合わせとして構成されていることが好ましい。図４に示すかかる実施形態は、図２に示す、複数の押圧面を有する部分７とそれ以外の部分８とが連続、一体である実施形態に対して、以下の利点がある。
押圧面を有する部分７とそれ以外の部分８とを別体にすることにより、押圧面を有する部分７とそれ以外の部分８とで、材料特性や機能を変えることができる。例えば、押圧面を有する部分７を高温強度に優れた超耐熱合金とし、それ以外の部分８を安価な熱間金型用鋼とすることで、上型や下型の寿命を向上させつつ、金型作製費用も抑制することができる。押圧面を有する部分以外の部分をより熱伝導率の低い材料にして熱伝導を抑制することも可能である。また、押圧面を有する部分７とそれ以外の部分８との間に、これらの材料よりも熱伝導率が小さい断熱材を配置すれば、断熱性をさらに高めることもできる。
As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the lower mold 100 a and the upper mold 100 b are each configured as a combination of a portion 7 having a plurality of pressing surfaces and another portion 8 (hereinafter also referred to as a mold body). It is preferable. Such an embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has the following advantages over the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in which the portion 7 having a plurality of pressing surfaces and the other portion 8 are continuous and integrated.
By separating the portion 7 having the pressing surface and the other portion 8 separately, the material characteristics and functions can be changed between the portion 7 having the pressing surface and the other portion 8. For example, by making the portion 7 having the pressing surface a super heat-resistant alloy excellent in high-temperature strength and making the other portion 8 an inexpensive hot mold steel, while improving the life of the upper die and the lower die, Mold production costs can also be reduced. It is also possible to suppress heat conduction by using parts other than the part having the pressing surface as a material having lower thermal conductivity. Further, if a heat insulating material having a lower thermal conductivity than these materials is disposed between the portion 7 having the pressing surface and the other portion 8, the heat insulating property can be further improved.
また、押圧面を有する部分７として、全体が一体である構成を採用することもできるが、各押圧面毎の別体の部材で構成されていることがより好ましい。図４（図１および２も同様）に示した実施形態では、下型１００ａは、その中心部分に円形状の凹部５を備える。押圧面を有する部分は、中心の凹部５と周方向に配置された凹部３によって隔離された、各押圧面毎の別体の部材で構成されている。押圧面を有する部分７を各押圧面毎の別体の部材で構成することで、金型の作製が特に容易になる。 Moreover, as the part 7 which has a press surface, although the whole structure can also be employ | adopted, it is more preferable that it is comprised by the separate member for every press surface. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 (the same applies to FIGS. 1 and 2), the lower mold 100a includes a circular recess 5 at the center. The portion having the pressing surface is composed of a separate member for each pressing surface, which is separated by the central recess 5 and the recess 3 arranged in the circumferential direction. By forming the portion 7 having the pressing surface with a separate member for each pressing surface, it becomes particularly easy to manufacture the mold.
また、各押圧面毎に別体で構成された部材は、溶接等によって金型本体に固着することもできるが、金型本体に脱着可能にすることが好ましい。脱着可能な方式を採用すると、例えば、押圧面の肉盛補修が容易になるだけでなく、時効処理を行って押圧面の高強度化を図ることも可能となる。図４に示す実施形態では上記部材は断面矩形で示されているが、該断面形状は固着や脱着の方法等に応じて決定すればよい。 Moreover, although the member comprised separately for every pressing surface can also adhere to a metal mold | die main body by welding etc., it is preferable to make it removable to a metal mold | die main body. When a detachable method is employed, for example, it is possible not only to facilitate the build-up repair of the pressing surface, but also to increase the strength of the pressing surface by performing an aging treatment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the member is shown as a rectangular cross section, but the cross sectional shape may be determined according to the method of fixing or desorption.
上述の、下型１００ａの構成と、上型１００ｂの構成は必ずしも同一である必要はない。例えば、下型１００ａと上型１００ｂの押圧面の形状は必要とされる鍛造材の形状に応じて、互いに異なるものにすることができる。一方、均一に鍛造を行うためには、複数の押圧面の数、位置（配置角度）は下型および上型で同じにすることが好ましい。 The configuration of the lower mold 100a described above and the configuration of the upper mold 100b are not necessarily the same. For example, the shapes of the pressing surfaces of the lower mold 100a and the upper mold 100b can be different from each other depending on the shape of the forged material required. On the other hand, in order to uniformly forge, it is preferable that the number and position (arrangement angle) of the plurality of pressing surfaces be the same in the lower die and the upper die.
以下、本発明に係る金型を用いた回転鍛造方法について説明する。なお、本発明に係る金型は熱間鍛造に限らず、恒温鍛造やホットダイにも適用することができる。
所定の鍛造温度に加熱された円板状の鍛造素材１を下型１００ａ上に載置する。鍛造素材１はタービンディスクなどの最終的な鍛造製品形状を得るための予備成形体である。鍛造素材の材質としては、例えばＮｉ基超耐熱合金、Ｔｉ合金等を用いることができる。図４等に示した円形状の凹部５に対応した凸部を鍛造素材１に設けておけば、前記凹部５を位置合わせ部として利用することができる。なお、前記凹部５は有底孔で構成してもよいし、貫通孔で構成してもよい。一方、下型１００ａに形成する位置合わせ部としては凹部の代わりに凸部を用いることもできる。この場合は鍛造素材１の中心に予め凹部を形成しておけばよい。
次に、上型１００ｂを下降させて鍛造素材１を押圧する。このとき、下型１００ａに設けられた押圧面２と上型１００ｂに設けられた押圧面２によって鍛造素材１に部分的な鍛造を行う。部分的な鍛造を行った後、上型１００ｂを鍛造素材１から離間させ、一回の鍛造が終了する。
Hereinafter, the rotary forging method using the metal mold | die which concerns on this invention is demonstrated. In addition, the metal mold | die which concerns on this invention is applicable not only to hot forging but to constant temperature forging and a hot die.
A disk-shaped forging material 1 heated to a predetermined forging temperature is placed on the lower mold 100a. The forging material 1 is a preform for obtaining a final forged product shape such as a turbine disk. As the material of the forging material, for example, a Ni-base superalloy, Ti alloy or the like can be used. If the forging material 1 is provided with a convex portion corresponding to the circular concave portion 5 shown in FIG. 4 or the like, the concave portion 5 can be used as an alignment portion. In addition, the said recessed part 5 may be comprised with a bottomed hole, and may be comprised with a through-hole. On the other hand, as the alignment portion formed on the lower mold 100a, a convex portion can be used instead of the concave portion. In this case, a recess may be formed in advance at the center of the forging material 1.
Next, the upper die 100b is lowered and the forging material 1 is pressed. At this time, the forging material 1 is partially forged by the pressing surface 2 provided on the lower die 100a and the pressing surface 2 provided on the upper die 100b. After performing partial forging, the upper die 100b is separated from the forging material 1, and one forging is completed.
一回の鍛造を経た鍛造素材１は、昇降・回転装置によって、下型１００ａから離間し、所定の角度だけ回転させ、下型１００ａへ再度載置する。鍛造素材１を下型１００ａから離間および載置するための昇降機構としては、例えば、鍛造素材１の外周を把持して昇降させる機構、下型１００ａの中心の凹部５または押圧面間の凹部３に設けた突き上げ機構などを用いることができる。鍛造素材１の回転は、例えば鍛造素材１を把持した状態で行えばよい。下型１００ａの中心の凹部５に設けた突き上げ機構に回転機構も持たせて、該回転機構によって鍛造素材１を回転することもできる。なお、昇降・回転装置では、昇降機構と回転機構とを、別々の装置として構成してもよいし、一つの装置として構成してもよい。回転角度は、最初に鍛造した部位と、次に行う鍛造の部位とが重複するような角度であると鍛造素材のかぶり疵を防止することができる。下型１００ａと上型１００ｂとの間で押圧する工程と、鍛造素材１を回転する工程とを繰り返し行うことで、鍛造素材の円周方向に肉流れが生じ、大型の鍛造素材であっても少ない押圧力で効率よく回転鍛造を行うことができる。本発明に係る金型およびそれを用いた鍛造方法は、例えば、ガスタービン用、蒸気タービン用や航空機エンジン用の圧縮機ディスク、タービンディスク等の大型の円盤状部材の製造方法に好適に用いることができる。 The forging material 1 that has undergone one forging is separated from the lower mold 100a by an elevating / rotating device, rotated by a predetermined angle, and placed again on the lower mold 100a. As an elevating mechanism for separating and placing the forging material 1 from the lower die 100a, for example, a mechanism for grasping the outer periphery of the forging material 1 and elevating it, the concave portion 5 at the center of the lower die 100a or the concave portion 3 between the pressing surfaces A push-up mechanism or the like provided in the can be used. The forging material 1 may be rotated while the forging material 1 is held, for example. The push-up mechanism provided in the concave portion 5 at the center of the lower mold 100a can also have a rotation mechanism, and the forging material 1 can be rotated by the rotation mechanism. In the lifting / rotating device, the lifting mechanism and the rotating mechanism may be configured as separate devices or as a single device. If the rotation angle is such that the first forged portion overlaps with the next forged portion, fogging of the forged material can be prevented. By repeatedly performing the process of pressing between the lower mold 100a and the upper mold 100b and the process of rotating the forging material 1, a flow of meat occurs in the circumferential direction of the forging material, Rotational forging can be performed efficiently with a small pressing force. The metal mold and the forging method using the same according to the present invention are preferably used for, for example, a manufacturing method of a large disk-shaped member such as a compressor disk or a turbine disk for a gas turbine, a steam turbine or an aircraft engine. Can do.
１：鍛造素材
２：押圧面
３：凹部
４：型合わせ面
５：凹部
６：テーパー部
７：押圧面を有する部分
８：７以外の部分（金型本体）
１００：金型
１００ａ：下型
１００ｂ：上型
1: Forging material 2: Pressing surface 3: Recessed portion 4: Die fitting surface 5: Recessed portion 6: Tapered portion 7: Portion having pressing surface 8: A portion other than 7 (die body)
100: Mold 100a: Lower mold 100b: Upper mold
Claims (3)
前記金型は、下型と、前記下型に対向して配置される上型とを備え、
前記下型および上型は、それぞれ、凹部を介して回転対称的に配置された複数の押圧面を有し、
前記下型の前記押圧面と、前記上型の前記押圧面とは、互いに対向可能な位置に形成されていることを特徴とする金型。 While the forging material is intermittently rotated relative to the mold, the forging material is pressed with the mold, and used to obtain a disk-shaped forging material,
The mold includes a lower mold and an upper mold arranged to face the lower mold,
Each of the lower mold and the upper mold has a plurality of pressing surfaces arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner through the recesses,
The mold according to claim 1, wherein the pressing surface of the lower mold and the pressing surface of the upper mold are formed at positions that can face each other.
3. The mold according to claim 2, wherein the portion constituting the pressing surface is a separate member for each pressing surface.
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| CN107790597A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2018-03-13 | 上海铭周机电科技有限公司 | A kind of diel |
| CN109648030A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of TiAl-base alloy cogging forging mold |
| JP2019104042A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-27 | 日立金属株式会社 | Forging material manufacturing method |
| JP2021037533A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Method for producing circular material |
| CN112893743A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-06-04 | 郑州煤机格林材料科技有限公司 | Closed die forging structure at butterfly cylinder bottom |
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| JP2009012059A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing disc shape forged article |
| JP2014138794A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-07-31 | Sanyo Product Co Ltd | Game machine |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107790597A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2018-03-13 | 上海铭周机电科技有限公司 | A kind of diel |
| JP2019104042A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-27 | 日立金属株式会社 | Forging material manufacturing method |
| CN109648030A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of TiAl-base alloy cogging forging mold |
| JP2021037533A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Method for producing circular material |
| JP7260787B2 (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2023-04-19 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Manufacturing method of circular material |
| CN112893743A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-06-04 | 郑州煤机格林材料科技有限公司 | Closed die forging structure at butterfly cylinder bottom |
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